CONFUCIUS AND MODERN
SOCIETY
Unjust And Uncreasonable Conceptions
(By WANG CHING WEI, President of the Execusive Yuan)
(Special to the Hong Kong Daily Press ")"
ontinued from yesterday)
make it a great display. Buch acts are the result of debased condnet of conservative people to-day; and we cannot lay the blame for this on Confucius.
the
HONG KONG DAILY PRESS
TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 18, 1934.
11
NEWS FROM
CHINA
CURRENT
IN HONAN
Yellow River Causes Destruction
Kalteng, Sept. 2
NANKING'S BANK THE BIG PUSH
ORDER
"A Bolt From The Blue"
Gen. Liu Chih, chairman of Ho- nan province, accompanied by Mr.
Shanghai, Sept. 11. Chen Ju-chen, bead of the Yellow Furder of the Ministry of Finance Coming out of a blue, sky, the River Conservancy Bureau, left umiting foreign exchange tran- Honan this sactions, caused bewiderment in River dykes at Laoan, on the Ho-day. morning to inspect the Yellow Shanghai banking circles yester- nan-Chih border, and is expect-
here
for
northern
New Mining Company Head. Mr. Li Han-chen, head of the
Against All Red Elements
Foochow, Sept. 3.
com.
An order has been received here
Commission requiring President of the Military affairs from General Chiang Ka! Shek,
plete liquidation of the remnant
the
before November 12, the date for Red" outlaws in Fuklen province the convocation of the 5th Nation-
legates, and in gold bars, the al Congress of Kuomintang De
threatening severe Punishment of those military units failing to fail their duties within the stated period.
tian, which they hoped to receive forces in northern Fukten, the Hard-pressed by the Government before to-day's business cammen-remnant bandits under Fang Chih ced, in order to clarify the situaMin and Lo Ping Hut have escaped tlop.
Nankings order is apparently of Cheklang near the Cheklang- to Kingyuan. in the extreme south almed against exchange specula-Fukien border. In addition to the tion. Local exchange speculatore troops from Pucheng, northern who are usually in an oversold position, estimated at present to be well over $10,000,000, tried to cover themselves yesterday morn ing. Sterling exchange opened weak, but in an hour or so bad recovered. The situation steadied when banks became sellers.
Lieut-General Wu, Cheng Jen has
Fuklen, the 48th Division under
After Confucius had passed away; tables and chairs still wanted to we Chinese did not develop the maintain the custom of kneeling idea of benevolence to the extent and "kowtowing." Even after the of making China o soclety based; establishment of the Repubiled to return to the alty to-morrow transactions
The Immediate effect was to halt on equality and mutual love. On many conservative people Still afternoon. In the past few days, Gold Bar Exchange closing down the contrary, we allowed a certain practiced in. secret the ancient number of Confucian scholars of ceremonies approved by Confucius
the river has shown a slight rise and doing no business during the the Sung Dynasty 1960-1276 AD. They thought this was the only
of a few Chinese inches.
day, although unofficial business to start the idea of exalting the
According to the Civi Ministry.) was reported. After a day of con- way to get satisfaction in the nat Emperor and logically enoughter, and the only method was, in
of the province, 34 hstens or disference with the authprtiles. it tricts in the province are suzer-
General Chiang, in his order, ending in advocating the theory of treating the people or subjects as
drought, and seven from Hall. Atober 15 the Customs gold unit along the highways and on bridges ing from floods, thirteen from will re-open to-day but from Oc- commanders to erect blockhouses was decided that the Exchange also enjoins the various ranking so much worthless clay. Even the
big number scholar Huang Li-chou, toward the
been sent out to inspect famine based on the American dollar in both at the front and in the rear. of inspectors have will replace the present standard so as to strengthen the defences end of the "Ming Dynasty (1352- 1543 A.D.), aptly remarked about
conditions in the above mentioned gold bar transactions. hsiens. THEN AND NOW the scholars of the Sung Dynasty
Rach blockhouses should be gar Information on The Provincial Famine Rellef new order was far from complete when erected near military bar- that, "Bad and cruel as were King said that the purpose of etiquette
the Ministry's risoned Generally speaking
by Government troops It may be Chleh and King Chop of the Hslo
Association has recently requested and the Chinese Barkers' Associa- racks in olden times was to draw a dis-
the Provincial Government to allot tion, after a meeting yesterday volunteers where and Shang Dynasties, those scho-
and by militla units or lars still maintained that King
cinction between different classes Huahsien, and Fengchiu, in nor-king asking for further explana-
$30,000 to carry urgent relief in morning, sent a message to Nan-truops.
there are nu Tang and King Wu should not have
of people, but the purpose of eti-
thern Honan, as the farmers in killed them." To be logical, inter queite nowadays is to formulate scholars of that same frame of rules of social intercourse to make i from the Yellow River foods.
these two districts are suffering mind were quite ready to regard everybody equal and having re- the people of the empire as if they gard and respect each for were no more than shrimps and other. Confucian scholars during fishes which, if necessary, could he the past, have laid special emphasis swallowed and consumed by a big on the function of etiquette in whale, namely the Emperor. An-maintaining class distinctions, but other example of how unkind this have not laid any emphasis on its conception of society was is seen function in upholding the welfare in the fact that these same scho-
of society. lars argued that a man was free to have more than one wite yet at the same time they manufactured the theory of the necessity for secluding women and girls from soclety. They all saw how the Em. perors made ennuchs out of men. and they all saw how. in the lami. les of scholars and officials, the feet of girls and women had been bound" and crippled, but neither in the one case nor the other did any of these scholars (who really con- tinued to exist until our own time each other and then go on their Bureau of the province has sent. The Gold Bar Stock Exchange in tion of the New Life Movement Das see anything wrong or inhuman
several worm experts there in or About their theories, yet how un-
der to study the fight, and try to kind these conceptions of society
alleviate matters.
• were! All this goes to prove that, if the conditions or terms and to say the least, exchange "un- contents of morality do not pro-pleasant looks at each other or gress with time, then any kind of they might even resort to mutual morality or virtue may become
scolding. China was known as a meaningless-and- still, worse, may
nation which was governed by the even be utilized to make morality principle of filial piety. but many an instrument of actual cruelty..
of our people at times have the bad habit of saying insolent things about their parents,, sisters. even ancestors. Why is this so?
UNCHANGEABLE PRINCIPLE
I have illustrated my theory of the spirit of morality and its con- tent by considering the principle and practice of benevolence. Next. let us consider the idea of pro- priety or etiquette..
also
Therefore although Ching was self-styled the "nation of propriety and righteousness," the speech and behavior among individuals, when compared with Europeans and Americans, was really not quite civilised. Let me illustrate with a very common example. In European or American city. If two men walking in opposite directions should happen to run into each other involuntarily, they take off their hats by way of apology to
How will the same situation develop in China? I am afraid that two Chinese meeting under the same conditions would probably
way.
or
It is because they have not paid careful attention to the conditions
. throughout the ages. If a man etiquette, so as
lives on a desert Island with no other human being for company ho may indeed care nothing about propriety, but wherever there are two persons together, there will be social intercourse; and where there 18 social intercourse there must needs be propriety.
A MODERN SAGE....
This
If
he
Provincial Industrial Bank has been elected as the general man- ager of the Chung Fu Mining Ad- ministration, at "Tslaotso, in nor therm Honan, and Mr. Hsiao Sa, formerly a member of the Pro- vincial Kuomintang, the chairman of the Board of Directors of the administration. Mr. Wung Wen- bao, famous Chinese geological ex- pert, may be appointed by Gen. Chiang Kai-shek, as the head of the administration.
Sales of Exchange
The order issued by the Ministry of Finance prohibits the purchase A species of Black worm has ap- or sale of foreign exchange except peared in Linchang region in nor-
for legitimate and normal business thern Honan, with the results that requirements, contracts entered in- hundreds and thousands of mow to on or before, September. &. and of autumn crops have been reasonable travelling or other per- destroyed. The Reconstruction sonal requirements:
Unsatisfactory Treatment Beginning from yesterday, the joint administration of the var- lous ministries of the province has been put into effect. More than 40 members of the Provincial Gov- ernment were dismissed from, the staff, and the other ministries have also announced a reduction of staff.
4
Fukien, to subdue the marauders. been rushed to Shouning, northern
The 56th Division under Lieut.- acneral Liu Ho Ting is assisting the 10th Division under Lieut.- General Li Mo An to check the towards Chengho and Kutfen.---- flight southwards of the "Reds"
BLACK
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IN JAPAN
KOSHIEN
NEW LIFE MOVEMENT..
Nanking, Sept. 3-An outline of general principles for the promo- consequence was closed yesterday, been drawn up by the National although unofficial
Association and despatched to the 958/65 was reported.
Associations for enforcement. Kuo CHUZENJI (Nikko) KITAKO ROZAL various Provincial and Municipal
business
alt
While Nanking's order only ép plies to Chinese banks, it is ex pected
that
foreign exchange banks will be asked to follow the order and to conduct business in the spirit of its provisions. Despite the uncertain situation foreign banks did quite a fair volume of business yesterday,
Min.
PERSUASIVE MEASURES
Nanking Sept. 3.-Persuasive. rather than compulsory, measures Order To Gold Bar Exchange Last night the following official are being adopted by the Metro- statement was issued. The Minis-politan police and gendarmes to try of Finance has issued the fol- enforce the canons of the New Life They lowing order to the Supervisor of Movement in the streets of the been the Shanghai Gold Bar Stack Ex-
Capital. change:-
The lower officers of the Post Office here petitioned the Postal Commissioner,. Mr. Li Wen-yuan, to improve their position. state that they have not given satisfactory treatment,
by
11
"THE GATEWAY TO
SHIHCHENG
Nanchang, Sept. 3.-According to an officiai bulletin of the "Nau-
-
chang Provisional Headquarters of the President of the Military fairs Commission, Ichien, a strate- chang in south-eastern Kiangs), gic point 27 miles south of Kwang- has been captured by units of the 3rd Route Army under General Chen Cheng (attached to the Northern under General Ku Chu-tung). Route Bandit-suppression. Forres
or ways and contents of etiquette, so as to enable people to renew 'their virtues every day. The struc- ture of society in olden times was We know that" in Confucianism simple and had few points of con-
As a result, traffic is well regula!- The Ta Sin village, notorious The former practice of using for-ed, and a general atmosphere of benevolence is most emphasized intact, but society now has become
narcotic manufacturing place in eign exchange instead of gold in orderliness prevails. Mr. Chen Tso, theory, but propriety is most em complex and has many points of
northern Honan, has been raided set-offs" on the Gold Bar Stock Chief of the Metropolitan Police, phasized..in practice. Propriety is contact. Therefore we must renew
government troops several Exchange not only is at variance made a personal inspection yes- unchangeable principle the conditions and contents of that the principal machines were exchange is instituted, but has ber-
times. Recently it is confirmed with the principle on, which the terday.-Kuo Min.
licable to present intimate and that not
to make them ap- moved away some time ago and mitted the Exchange to be utilized complex social "conditions.
one of the Important for manipulations by unscrupulous can be accomplished only by train-
narcotic makers were arrested. This speculators. For the purpose of ing, which must be regarded as nn
narcotic mill possesses 500 workers, stabilizing the market, you are important work for preserving the goods have been sold in northern order the Gold Bar Stock Exchange and 900 guns to protect itself. Its hereby instructed immediately to independence of the country. we do not have love toward one
and western Honan, and in south-that, effective from the date of re- ern Shansi. Each day, it has an in-ceipt of this order the set off of all another, the people cannot Benevolence is a thing which in-united: and they cannot
come of more than $12,000, of its transactions must be made in volves social relationship-that is without etiquette either. If the
unite which about 87,000 is profit. It gold and not in foreign currency 10 say, benevolence is to be prac people cannot unite, then, their broadcasting stations, and repre- the aforementioned date may be has telescopes, telephones, and Transactions entered into before tised between one individual and future, can only be loss of their
sentatives are stationed in Shang-settled according to the terms of another. Because there is such a national independence and the ex- thing as benevolence, so there istinction of their race; and what is
hai, Peking, and Tientsin to buy the respective contracts. inutual aid between individuals.there left to be said about saving
aw goods, and manage affairs in those cities.
The settlement in gold shall be Similarly, propriety is also some the country from perishing?
The Honan Provincial Govern-amination Committee to be or placed in charge of a Fineness Ex thing which involves social rela-
ment passed à resolution recently.ganized by the Exchange. tionship that is to say, propriety
that a hospital should be estab- is to be observed between indivi- The point I wish to stress is
"This order has also been.com- duals. Because there is such
lished at Kikungshan, on the Ho-municated to the Ministry of In- 2 that we must take the conceptions nan-Hupen border.
Dr. Shangdustries." thing as propriety, so there is so-o benevolence and propriety and
Kuan Wu Chen head of the Pro- ial intercourse between Indivi- show that the fundamental spirit
vincial Hospital here, has been
Decision Resched duals. Therefore propriety as 1 of morality general principle is unchangeable throughout the ages, but the con-
does not change sppointed to draft out the equip- Gold Bar Exchange met yesterday Directors and brokers of the
throughout the ages, but the con.
ment and the annual estimate of to discuss the Ministry's order. tents and conditions of morality expenditure of the hospital. tents and conditions or forms of are bound to progress with time.
After long discussion in com- propriety must also change and It was for this reason that Con-
pliance with the Ministry's order progress with time. To take-one
BANDIT SUPPRESSION futius said, "It may be known gressive, and the past, present and set-offs" in foreign currency on prohibiting the former privilege of Example Confucius was in favour even a hundred generations from future of any given principle or the Exchange, it was decided to chan personal representative of
Nanking, Sept 3-Mr. Tang Te of prostration and kneeling be- now," and Mencius also said system form a continuous line of adopt a new standard for "get- General Chen Chi-tang, Comman- cause, in his time, people still had "Confuelus was the custom of sitting on mats These two utterances are not at wards an ever higher level and to- decision was sanctioned by Mr. Route Bandit-suppression Forces a timely Bage. development, without deviation, th-offs beginning October 15. This der-in-Chief of the Bouthern which were put on the ground or all contradictory; they are really wards an increasingly brighter - Jian Chen, Government supervisor returned here from Kuling by the Soor, so that it was quite conlogically related.. "Confucius was a ture. These are the only conditions of Chinese Block Exchanges, who C.NAC pisne yesterday... ventent to show respect by prostra timely Sage." What is meant by under which we Chinese can ex-is concurrently vice-Governor of Interviewed, he stated that satis- tion and kneeling. After Confucius the word timely"? It means "of pent to stand on our own feet and the Central Bank. tables and chairs came into com-the present generation"; it means hold our own in the modern world.
factory arrangerients have been mon use in place of mats, and it "modern," Therefore I contend Confucius long ago pointed out to ers stated that London sterling, or shek, President of the Military
Several prominent Chinese brok- made with General Chiang Ka became inconvenient to kneel and that Confucius is a present-time us the way of progresa. When we in other words, the Customs Golf Affairs Commission, conterning. "kowtow, so the castom of bow. Sage, a modern Bage, m ing and shaking one's own hands
commemorate the natal anniver-Unit basis is the new standard the bandit-suppression operations In conclusion, I wish to say that sary of our Master, we should con- which will replace the present of the Kwangtung Zorces in south- was adopted instead. This shows in regard to any form of morality sider very seriously how Chinese standard the American dollar ern Flange The Bouth-western that the underlying spirit of eti or any political or economic sys- may be enabled to stand in the beginning October 15. With the authorities will send representa- quette does not change throughout tem, we must not only recognize modern world, in a position of inauguration of the new basis if tives to attend the forthcoming h the ages, but the content and man- the fundamental principle, but also freedom and equality with other was pointed out, the price of the National Congress of Kuomintang ner of etiquette have progresser pay attention to its conditions members of the family of nations. Customs Gold Unit, set by the Delegates which is scheduled to be with time. Long after the time of and contents, so that these may Confucius many people who used
Central Bank every morning, will held on November 12, he added. form the standard.
Kito Min
be rationalised and become pin-t
[The End
army corps in a fierce encounter Engaging the 3rd and 5th "Red".
all day last Wednesday, the Goy ernment.troops occupied Ichien on gateway to Bathcheng "Red" the following day. Ichien is the
stronghold in south-eastern Klang, st-Kuo Min.
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