HONG KONG DAILY PRESS, MONDAY, JUNE 11, 1934.
The Question Of Peace And Justice
YESTERDAY'S SERMON BY THE RT. REV. BISHOP HALL
What Is The Real Meaning Of Peace?
"PEACE AND JUSTICE” Religion and Patriotism' lead straight to the question of Peace and Justice. Conflicts with other nations rise out of 'questions Justice.
First of all. as the Christian Church in its early days grew in numbers," in influence, and in abül- ity, its great thinkers inevitably of turned to problems of corporate lving. St. Augustine represents the final theological dowering of the Arst phase of the Christian Church His greatest book is called "The City of God." "Now, within the last few months a book with a similar title has been written not by a theologian but by a man typical of the great era of political thinking for which Christian Bri- tain has been so largely respon- sible. The early Christians were primarily theologians. Their thought about God led them to an attempt to express the Christian self-life in terms of political life. Some
Peace and Justice are "classical ideals rather than religious. If "you contrast them with two other ideals. "Love" and "Humility," you will realize what I mean.. There was little in the Classical" World' to describe Love as His friends saw it in Jesus Christ. Such Love was more than affection, and had' nothing to do with passion. Af: fection and passion were all that the world knew about Love before Christ. En the same way the Greco-Roman World knew some- thing of that reserve and effacement which is part of the character of greatness, but the passionate humility of Jesus Christ who took upon Himself the form of a servant was unknown to hu- man thought as a possible kind of greatness until Christ came and ved it. It must be known to all you here that a new word had to be coined to describe Jesus way of Love.
"My main suggestion for your thought this morning 1s that Peace and Justice have not yet received the kind of demonstration in the common life of men. 'that' Love and Humility received in the
early days of the Church.
And
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of the best Christian minds of our day have not been theologians but political thinkers and men of ac- tlon. They have been driven to theology. It is remarkable that the man who has been in some ways! the thought-centre for most of the Political experiments which have taken place in Indian and South Africa in this century" should have been driven to write a book with the title
"The City of God." in which Jesus of Nazareth and His
teaching is made the pilot and the centre of all political progTESS.
Neither Christ, nor the facts of
tions alone.
❘
now become for young Chinese a real issue.
At that Meeting too in Feiping. when I was so rudely faced with the terrible difficulty, of the pro- blems of peace and justice between the nations. I had also a glimpse of a Christian Peace and Justice which go beyond anything that those words now convey to us.
What Do You Mean by 'Peace'?" I can only, therefore, ask a series of questions and suggest at the end a possible way out.
My first question is this, and it is directed to those Christians who are puzzled about their attitude ships to the League of Nations and to the surrender of national sovereignity which seems to be essential if there is to be a real League; "When you pray
for peace for the world, when you long for it, what picture exactly is in your mind? Do you merely want the cessation of wars in or- der that the waste of men and | material with all its cruel folly may not agal blight our pleasant world? Or do you see a positive Lite of international brotherhood which is fuller and richer than national life and develops human personality beyond what national life at its best car do?" I have seen and experienced in my con- tacts with men and women of other races that peace in a Christ- lan sense means living with other nations as members of one body, and that its value both to God and to men is much greater than the national life just as the life of a city or village is of more value than the life of the solitary cast- | ́away" on a desert island. That ideal life I believe demanded for the national fe of men as and humility are much as love demanded for the private life of men by the coming of God
life, will let us leave these ques-into the world in Jesus Christ. and His showing to us the possi- May I describe "to because Christian Peace and you further what happened not in bility of the Kingdom of God. Christian Justice have not been the history of Christian thought' adequately lived out in the world but in the field of Christian ac- We do not really know what they
tion. The Church was for many are like, or what a world might be centuries called upon to take a responsible share in the public life Like in which they were practised. Peace as we think of it is the of the world. The Bishop of Dur- Roman Peace secured by'a strong | ham, for example was 'Prince and eficient
administration. Bishop' entrusted by the King Justice is still the Roman Justice. for the maintainance of the peace It is concerned more with the pre- of the border. In the same way vention of Injustice than with any our English system of justice owes positive ideal
its peculiar and perhaps uni- que position amongst the judi- -alal systems of
Spiritual Problem. We are often told that the pro- blem of the world to-day is not an economic problem or a military problem, but, a spiritual problem. We might as
well say
that we have made a personality clearer
when we have called him Mr. X. We might as well say that the world's problem is an 'X' Problem. We must denne what we mean by a 'spiritual problem! My beller 1s that because we know that a mands possibly 'costly and um-* spiritual solution of a probļam de- pleasant ways of life we will not face it but content ourselves with
talking vaguely about 'spiritual
issues.'
Spiritual is a new Testament word.and those who use the word 'Spiritual must admit refer- ence to the New Testament or coin a new word. If they use the word Spiritual and mean it they must bring it to the test of Jesus of Nazareth. The spiritual ite of the New Testament owes every thing to Him. My view of the spiritual issue of to-day is that we are still floundering in an at- tempt to express the spirit of Jesus in our corporate life.
the wozid
because it was made by men who were primarily Christian bishops and abbots. Because of their position and ability they were for several centuries the law- givers of our nation." It is against the anvil of responsibility that a Christian way must be beaten pat
Responsibility
My first introduction to these vast problems of peace and justice was in Pelping in 1922. I came straight from Oxford to a world gathering of Christian leaders in which forty nationalisties includ- ing German and French met to- gether in the frankest friendliness and honesty. I shall never for- get the moment when a man who nad been Reichs-Chancellor of the German Empire Herr Nichael's stood. up at the end of the table and pleaded in the name of Just ice for the revision of the Treaty of Versailles. He said. "Germany stands naked and ashamed before the world because her leaders were compelled to sign a le at Ver- sales."
if the present regime in Ger- many is a menace to world peace the reason lles back in that deep feeling of injustice when we es- sayed to make peace by compelling & brother country to sign what they did not bellwre to be the truth,
Don't Be in a Harry.
My second question is: "What is your conception of Justice? Is t adequate to the world as it is to- day and as it has been down the centuries?" What D mean is this God has made a world which for more centuries than we can im agine has been the scene of cruel- ty, of pillage, of warfare, of every kind of injustice. And because in the short two thousand years since Christ came we have not been able to establish justice we tend to despair either of God or of the | world He has made. Those who despair of God say, "If there is God He is unjust so I shall have what I must." Or they say. The no dealings with Him. beyond
world is wholly evil. Christ's Kingdom is something with little relation to this life. Let us con- tent with personal religion, and to
not attempt too desperately change the world." I want to ask whether both these views are ade- quate to our faith in the incarna tion: our faith that the God who has made this world what it is came in Jesus Christ and suffer-
ed at the hands of his 'creatures
the maximum injustice.
The Life of the Spirit.
My third suggestion to you is that you will find If you read care- fully both gospels and epistles that the life of the spirit is es- sentially a corporate re
You will and also that our Hymn Book contains practically no Tê- ference to what was always on Jesus' lips. "The Kingdom of God." Is it not possible then that it only the Christian Church tan achieve by daring experiments "new ways of cooperative living she will and the spiritual solution to the pro- blems of to-day. In matters of Peace and Justice' we..still use the tools of a pagan world. They are That same Meeting was to fine tools but they are inadequate
*C also an introduction to the pro- as pagan religion is inadequate to blem of responsibility. I could the Twentieth Century which God not help noticing that the repre- has made. sentatives of all the nations who had responsibility, as Britain has
Love and Humility are essentially personal virtues. These could be seen and they were seen. and thank God they are seen stil in the lives of those who are able to live as Christ intended that we should, Love and Humility are "therefore accepted as the ideal way of life. Think yourself back into a world which had never seen the love and humility of Jesus, but only the Gentleman of the Greek or the Chinese tradi-responsibility for India, Japan for tion, and the Stole Here of the Roman world. We are in the same position in relation to the Cor- porate Virtues, Peace and Justice.
relation to those, individual vir--
Ideals and Realities.
Here is another question which
Korea, France and Germany for may help your thought. You will
their frontiers the representatives fra in the realm of politics and of all the nations who had posl-economics a conflict between those
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GOVERNMENT LOCAL WEDDING
HOUSE
Monday June 4th-His Excellen- cy the Governor attended by Cap- thin R, F. Walter, A. D. C. and, by Subedar Saudagar Khan and Sube- dar Major Lall"Khan, Honorary Indian Aldes-de-Camp,,took the Parade of the Garrison in honour of the Birthday of Miss Majesty the King, at the Cenotaph in the morning.
His Excellency and Lady Peel afterwards held a Reception at Government House to the Consular body in Hong Kong and later at- tended by Captain Walter and Mr. Pilcher were the guests of the Chairman and Members of the Hong Kong Club at tifin.
Helena May Secretary RAINCOATS
Married
WESTLAND-GASPER
Union Church. Kennedy Road was the scene wedding on Saturday afternoon of 息 pretty when Miss Dorothy Wilson West- land, former secretary and trea- surer of the Helena May Institute was married
Mr. Arthur Clarence Lamb Gasper, of the Chinese Maritime Customs.
to
The bride is the only daughter of the late Mr. C. Westland and Mrs. Westland of Kandy, Ceylon, and the bridegroom is the son of Sky-Gasper of London.
the late Mr. A. Gasper and Mrs.
Lt. Comdr. F. H. and Mrs. rme, Lt. J. C. and Mrs. Richardson, LA B. L. E. Hebert, R.A.. Lt. W.-J. R Cragy Ist Lincolnshire Regt.. and Lt. $. E. 6key, R.A, dined ät Government House.
The Rev. E., G. Powell, vicar of the Church, omdlated, -
Attired in a beautiful gown of belge lace with hat and veil to match and carrying a bouquet of gladioli, the bride made a charm- ing picture as she walked up to the altar in the arm of the Hon. Sir Thomas Southorn, K.B.E. by whom she was given away. was attended as bridesmaids by Miss Marie Paterson and Miss Catherine Markham who both wore frocks of yellow georgette and carrying bouquets of fame gladioli..
יי
She
The Matron of honour was Mrs. E D. C. Wolfe who wore a dress of belge, and brown viola with a brown hat.
His Excellency and Lady Peel nelda Reception at Government House in honour of the Birthday of His Majesty the King. Among those present were:- HE. Maj. Gen. O. C. and Mrs. Borrett, Rt. Rev. Bishop Valtorta, Rt. Rev. Bishop R. O. and Mrs, Hall, H. H. MI. Justice A, D. A. and Mrs. MacGregor, Commodore F. and Mrs. Elljatt. Mr. M. J. Quist, M. G. Dufaure de la Prade, M. H. Van der Straeten, Mr. and Mrs. L. Douglas Jenkins, Cav. DA A. Blanconi, Mr. Hirosi Acino, The Hon. Sir Thomas and Lady Southern, The Hon. Mr. R. E and Mrs. Lindsell, The Hon. Mr. N. L and Ms. Smith. The Hon. Mr. Edwin and Mrs Taylor. The Hon.
After the ceremony, a reception Mr. R. M. and Mrs. Henderson, The Hon. Sir Shouson, Chow, LLD...
was held &t St. John's Place, Sir Wm. Shenton, The Hon. Mr. Garden.. Road. Str Thomas C. G. S. and Mrs. Mackle, H. H. Southern proposed the health of Mr. Justice and Mrs. Jacks. The the happy..couple, and in doing so, he said that on an occasion Hon. MF. E. D. C. Wolfe, C. M. G. and Mrs. Wolfe, M. B. E., The Hon. of this kind as so very often hap- Cdr. G. F. and Mrs. Hole, The Hon pened in the Colonies, weddings Dr. A. R. and Mrs. Wellington, The have had to take place, without the Hon. Dr. R. H. and Mrs. Welling-presence of the nearest or closest relative of the bride or bride- ton, The Hon. Dr. R. H. and Mrs.
groom. Kotewall, The Hon. Dr. 8. W, and
The duties of bestman were performed by Commander T. B Morpeth, RN, and the groomsmen were Messrs. R. Wolfenden, and A. Cairns,
The regret at the absence of the happy couple's families was shared by all their friends who knew only too well, how much their families longed to be here to witness the happy, union and join in the good
Mrs. Te'o, The Hor. Mr. T. N. Chau, The Hon. Mr. W. H. Bell. The Hon. Mr. J. and Mrs Owen Hughes, Sqn. Ldr. C. R. and Mrs. Keary, and Herr and Frau H. Gipperich.
Wednesday June 6th-His Ex-wishes.. celiency and Lady Feel held a ten- his party at Mountain Lodge.
Thursday June 7th.-Mr. Phillips, C.M.G., O.B.E. arrived Mountain Lodge.
..
The Honourable Mr. C, G. 8, and Mrs. Mackie dined at Lodge.
1:
Mountain
C.MG., O.B.E. left Mountain Lodge. Friday June 8th. Mr. H. Phillips
KWANGTUNG ARSENAL
Increased Output Of Arms"
In circumstances such as this, it was not unusual for one of the Holdest friends of the happy couple at to become invested for a moment with the special privilege and res- bonsiblity, such as had fallen to his lot. "And that is why you have seen me to-day performing.
like the well-known Lord Chantel- parental duties such as I have only once before performed, and
lor-giving a delightful giri awat."!
Sir Thomas said that fits know ledge of the. Westland family went back to those din and distant ages. before the war, as à young district oficer in Cerlon. "It was nice after a hot ride through-miles of jungle to arrive at the Gammaduwa estate" of the Westland family and receive a hearty welcome and enjoy the hospitality of the Westland bunga- low."
Latest reports from the Chinese sources state that owing to the ur gent needs of arms and ammunition for the Canton Arndes for the Eup- pression of bandits and cora- munista, Mr. Ho Wing, head of the Kwangtung Provincial Arsenal has given instructions for the increase of the output.
At present, large quantities of aims and ammunition have been manufactured and are ready to be distributed among the different armies when despatched to their respective fronts
It is also reported that recently several new sets of new machines have been added to the arsenal by the Army Headquarters for this purpose.
In there days, said Sir Thomas, he did not know Dorothy (Miss Westland) and suspected that she was an infant at school in Scot land or. England. It was a good many years after, not long before he came to Hong Kong, that he first met the bride at the house of some very old friends in Kandy. He then made the same discovery as Mr. Lamb Gasper had made here, that we found a pearl of great price."
"So highly did we esteem this pears that when we heard that the Institute was to be vacated my Secretaryship of the Helena May we ventured to suggest to the bdard of controllers that for once. Ceylon might export something useful to Hong Kong, and not Government servants. merely emotions: Peace and Justice can Dorothy came and conquered." be secured when Lien desire them
She has looked after the with all their being. It is only "Helena Maldens" as a distinguish- when an ideal is held with in- ea Chief Justice used to call them tense emotion that it can be for several years with realised.
tact and
és
A Long View.
devotion which, however much it pleased the members of the In- stituté, evidently pleased Mr. Lamb decided to transfer these abilities to his own establishment.
as the Greco-Roman world was in tions of responsibility for the de- who desire freedom in trade and I shall attempt in my last talk caper even more for he wisely fence of others were against the those who desire freedom in inter- to be more practical about to-day pacifist's view. Nearly all repre-national relations and in domestic and to-morrow but I do want to tues of Love and Humility. The sentatives of countries for whom political life. Those who are most say now that being practical must great task of the Christian world to-day is to give corporate expres-responsibility for defence was not concerned to maintain economic include taking a very long view. an urgent question took the pack-freedom who dream of taking sion to 'the Christian way of life.
fist view. This was true of re- much greater risks in disarmament Renegade Movement.
presentatives of Australls, Newn order to secure international Zealand, the United States, India. cooperation are equally clamant in and China. I have since found their insistence that the com- that the same. Chinese Christian mercial and financial life of the Leaders who in those days were world must be strictly controlled, completely pucinst are now either This division of opinion suggests puzzled or definitely hon-pacifist. again that in these matters of in 1922 they were firmly convinced international peace and justice that the Teague of Nations would men are not fully rational. Tn continue to defend them as it had each case there is some passionate just done from an aggressive desired interest dictating an ap neighbour. In other words, res- parently rational police. We are ponsibility for defence has only back; therefore, in the field of the
Many of you are, I know, per turbed at the increasing interest In politics and economics and in public questions taken by Christian leaders. You regard it as a be trayal of the Christian pursuit or individual goodness. You regard it as a definite renegade movement from the beautiful Christianity of the comfortable homes of your youth. But I would ask you to natice one or two things—
"Man Of Bight Stuff" It must include a great deal of Bir Thomas said that he had not compromise on the road between the pleasure of knowing Mr. Lamb our ideals and their final goal, My Gasper for very long, but did not desire to-day is only to suggest need to know him long to realise that we have not yet seen the that he was a "man of the right true meaning of Christian peace stuff." "If he wasn't, he would, and justice. It may well be the never have won Dorothy's affection task of our generation not to for she is a lady of rare sense,” abolish war but to make experi- sald Sir Thomas ments and demonstrations in They are a happily matched Christian ways of co-operative pair entitled to congratulate them- living, which will provide suffi-selves, on their respective choices clently strong emotional objectives and are certain of the congratula- to make final eradication of War. inevitable.
(Continued on Part 11).
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