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BRIDGE BUILDING ́ IN CANTON
ANOTHER STRUCTURE PLANNED ACROSS PEARL RIVER
(From Our Own Correspondint}
"Canton, November 10. While the gigantie bridge across the Pearl River joining the Honam Island to Canton City proper is now in its final stages of building and its opening is announced for January next year, the Canton municipal authorities are stated to he contemplating the building of another bridge linking up the parts of the city, but crossing the river from the West Bund, in the vicinity of the wharf for the steamers of the Hong Kong - Canton - Macao Steamboat Company, one of the most busy commercial contres of Canton city. The Public Works Department is said to have received instructions for sounding the river bed on the proposed site for the new bridge, to see if the scheme is practicable. Largs, though the bridge now nearing completion is,
PRESIDENT ELECT ON UNITED STATES- JAPANESE RELATIONS
HOW THE SITUATION APPEARED NINE YEARS AGO
DEFENCE OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS
A very special tignificance attaches to this article at the prescut time, for not only is it from a cource that stamps it with high authority, but It deals directly with and to a great degroo answers major questions of the hour. The article was written in 1923 after the distinguished author hád completed a long period of service at Washington as Assietami Secretary of the Navy, not only before and during the World War, but also after the Armistice. It was at that time that the United States policy of building the greatest navy in the world to be prepared for, the immediate contingency of a possible war with Japan, while the Anglo-Japanese allance was still in effect was rapidly being put into operation. At that Ume Franklin D. Roosevelt had won a distinct place as an Ameri can naval authority,
Why do so many Americans, after witnessing the devastation and the futility of war, continue to think of Japan, and the Japanese in terms Why have Bo many of war 7 Jupanoso a similar mental attitude toward the United States? Is this mutually apprehensive habit of mind, to whatever understandable
day 1
it is felt that it alone is out ade-origins it may be due, justified to quate. to meet the increasing volume of cross-river traffic, more parti- cularly when the construction of the inland port on the western part of Houam is completed. The pro posed new bridge crosses the river at a point much nearer to the said inland port locality.
Canton-Fati Bridge.
บ
people in both nations cling to the old habit of mind.
K. M. A.
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it was the perfectly logical out far inferior to our own lees than come, not of any one cause, but of half its paper strength-but mili-
But has not the time, come to change our hypothesist. The feeling of the past was largely a natural result of now alinements and new In international affairs problemas
ከነ novelties are apt to arouse picion, We have not forgotten the apprehension awakened in England and in Australia by Japanese naval It must be noted that, up to 1808, operations in the Pacific archipela- relations between the United States goes in 1914-1918. More recent ex- and Japan had been largely senti Iperience presents the vivid example mental. We justly believed that we of the general consternation caused had been instrumental in awaken all over Europe and, to a lesser ing Japan to western civilization, degree, in this country, by the Japan seemed to be appropriately phoenix-liko riso of the Turkish In this connection, it may be grateful for the more abundant life nationalists under Kemal and the noted that another bridge, is under thus opened to a formerly hermit consequent changes in the political consideration crossing the Pear! nation. The awakened Japanese map of the Levant. As for the River further west of the city, und joining Canton
This government sent its picked sons to piutual distrust that has undoubted- to Fati: bridge, which is to he built jointly us for education in the newly born characteristic of Japan and by the Canton Municipality and the methods. Among others the fature the United States during recent Canton Hankow Railway Adminis tration, has already passed its Admiral Uriu, who last summer in years, I am firmly convinced that initial planing stage and in fact Japan entertained his Annapolis a provisional contract has already classmates and Secretary Denby, been awarded to Messrs. McDonnel and Gorman, the same contractors came to the United States naval a series of almost inevitable conses tary and naval men knew the almost
based on who are building the bridge now academy. Commercially the two
new conditions, which insurmountable difficulties of main- almost finished.
nations were not yet rivals, there were practically forced on both taining a preponderant American were no military points of contact governments. The question there Reos in Asiatia waters. The line of and the Japanese had not yet mig fore resolves itself into this: Have communication was too dangerously rated to California in any large these causes been, or can they belong. On the purely military side sufficiently removed so that a new
our army experts found an almost numbers.
There has been, however, an appoint of view may be substituted hopeless situation. Though the prehensive habit of mind in both for the old? Can the two nations deforses of Corregidor Island in countries for many years. When for henceforward base their thoughts Manila Bay might prevent. 'a' re- the Arst time, in 1898, the American of each other on the nasumption of flag adventured territorially over peace ?,
became A scas, imperialism” brand-now-topic with nows value on both sides of the Pacific. Discus Canton, November 9. sion na to the defenacs of the new Acting under orders from Marabal Chin Chai Tong, Colonel Wa Fau, insular possessions of the United a senior officer at local Military States began immediately there Headquarters, hata completed a set after in military and naval circles of plans for the reorganisation of rural guards in the districts of the and spread thence to the news province, on whose shoulders will fall the responsibility of maintain ing locul peace and order, following the evacuation of the military to special garrison areas as now plan- ned.
RURAL GUARDS FOR KWANGTUNG
RE-ORGANISATION OF,
DISTRICT BODIES
(From Our Own Correspondene)
papers, which gave to the whole subject an exaggerated importance.
Anti-imperialists used the threat of taken for granted Japanese aggres sion to bolster up their otherwise academic arguments. So, too, the Japanese, finding a now and push ing western power in their southern
i
A Naval Stratégical Deadlook.
The first answer that occurs-and perhaps the most pertinent--is that the race for naval supremoney has been at least temporarily checked by the Washington conference in 1921. The lifting of the burden of stupendous naval programmes was financially important, especially to Japan, and the suspension of com- petition in the principal types of warships has alrendy done some thing to allay war talk,
To my mind, however, there is another phase of the Washington Confercado, which, though generally
petition of. Dewey's exploit of 1998, what could a handful of America: troops bey expected to accomplish if an invading Japanese army were once landed at almost any other of innumerable practical locations on the coast of Luzon? Nevertheless,
armaments continued, our respon- just so long as the race of naval sible officera of the higher com mands continued vigorously to make fence of American possessions in the best plans possible for the de- And these plans the Far East.
with the jeopardy they implied, were evidences of the need for the appropriations asked in the annual bills presented to Congress.
11
SEE
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16th and 17th November,
These labours have been, it not terminated, at least materially changed by the Washington Con- feronce of 1921. A reorientation, 50
Demonstrations by the Lead: to speak, of naval matters began with the ratification of the navisting Hongkong Firms daily
from 11 am to midnight.
These district guards will not be controlled by a special provincial organ as at first stated, "but will form a single body in every dis- trict in the province. A training headquarters is to be etablished in back yard, used the new American overlooked, has a curiously import-trelty by the three ranking naval every distrist, the magistrate of which shall act as its director ex officio. He will in the initial stages of the work be assisted by an hp pointee of Military. Headquarters in order to facilitate progress in the training.
The district guards will be sponsible to the Provincial Govern.
developments following the Spanish American war, with the presumably changing foreign policy contingent thereupon, as a sufficiently obvious argument for popularizing naval ex- pansion. :
rowers. For the next ten years the ant bearing upon the future rela- American navy is to be roughly as tions of the two major Pacific five is to three of the Japanese Furthermore, the United powers. I refer to what may heat Stabes his agreed not to add any be called the naval strategical dead-fortifications in the Philippines. or lock which has been created. After in Guam. To say "add" is per- haps a euphemism; for no fortifica
United States, together with many
in the light of the lust war, seriously
considered.
During the next decade bots 1898 every high officer in the army tions now existing there can be, end navy of both Japan and the selected junior officers, had spent days and weeks and months in studying what, aaido from the ques tion of German inperialistic designs
ment, but for the present, it is nations expanded enormously in thought that better progress can he shrined by placing them, under naval armament: and Pacific the supervision of the various merce. In 1904-1905 Japan defeated Pacification Bureaux in the pro- Russia and by the peace of Ports vince. The maintenance of these guards will be looked after by the mouth overflowed with military rule, districts themselves, but steps will colonization, away development
be taken to prevent the introduc and manufactured goods into Korca in the western hemisphere, was in
tion of exorbitant taxation ander
guarda:
NEW OBSERVATORY FOR CENTRAL CHINA
SIR HOWARD KELLY.
ARRIVES IN HONG KONG.
During these earlier years; ] remember, the wiser officers and
Admiral Sir Howard Kelly, were convinced thuit a war between arrived in Hong Kong late on statesmen on this side of the water Commander-in-Chief China Station, the United States and Japan would Wednesday night on board his have been likely to result in a fagship, H.M.B. Kent.
At 8 a.m. yesterday the flag of military deadlock. For the United States to have held the Philippines the Commander-in-Chief was salut.
the pretext of upkeeping those and Manchuria. And, to make the this country the cardinal war prab would have been, as Thave indicated by H.M.S. Tamar, with eleven.
lem. Früin situation more delicate, our own let in my own knowledge, for od, & scarcely achievable taak; for guns, HM.B. Medway returning These plans are being considered Pacific const, adding political irrita- instance, it may be stated that the the Japanese to have invaded-or the salute. Immediately afterwards rather to have maintained any in- a salute of seventeen guns to the by the authorities and if passed will probably, by put into execution betion to commercial jealousy and general board of the navy and the vasion on our Pacific coast would Commander-in-Chief was given by general staff of the army of the bave been an impossible task. If the U.6.6. Mindanao, H.M.S. ginning with next year,
growing auspicion, developed
United States, together with the with a fleet double the size of Medway returning the salute "Japanese Peril."
What more natural than that the joint board-representing both ser Japan's and bur vastly greater re- The Commander-in-Chief of the sources, invasion of the western French Asiatic-Fleot, Vice-Admiral- two nations should begin to bon-vices, weed to study with the utmost shores of the Pacific was admitted Bothelst, inft, Hong Kong for Sai- sider the possibilities of war Out Care the problem of the defenses to be probably fimpossible, certainly gon yesterday afternoon in the impracticable, for us, how much flagship Primauguet, after a stay side the executive departments at of the Philippines.
more formidable was the corredof a week in Hong Kong.
The U.S. Commander-in-Chick Washington it has never been And it may now by said, in reponding problem presented to the CONSTRUCTION WORK known in this country that, during viewing these conferences, that the military strategists of Japan! It will arrive from Shanghai of the
must not be forgotten, moreover U.S.S. Houston to-morrow.... distance of the islands from our the point will hear the emphasia of 75 BEING HASTENED ten nervous days in the early sum-
mer of 1908, the United States continental shores and the lack, of repetitions that this impassO Wài roached before the days of effoo Nanking,, Nov. With the a hovered on the edge of an ultima adequate bases on the Pacific coast, v submarines and aircraft, and States yet grafis, I am inclined to rival of the entire comsizoment, of tum from Japan. Yet long-before in Hawaii, Guam and the Philip that even at that time, when offen think, the essential facts of the scientific instruments and apparatus the events of 1814 centered at pines themselves-led many officers siva operations over long sea-dis military situation. Many of us have- ordered from. France and Germany
war would, in all probability, have the great war over the possibility not forgetter the real scares during been decided on economic issues, of Japanese German secret bases in And in these the United States had, Mexico and even in Alaskan water
If it is probably true that prior and has, a vast superiority:
Pabllo Misses Essential Facts. to 1921 strategical naval brid has already, bean completed and America but for Europe as well, before the extraordinary develop Nevertheless, public opinion was military deadlock existed, it is oer. work is now stafting on the Boondalladed to it a merely a questionment of the albmarine and of air not then educated to such point tainly true that neither Japan nor of view and, frankly, no consider the United States recognized the It is expected that the equipment of time, To-day in 1923, although
The Japanese, feet, to be able portion of it in the United fact may be completely installed by the much anticipated war is not
ab that time numerically (Continued at foot of next Column)
(To be Continued) next February--Kuo Min.
Gren seriously considered, many sore
for the Central Observatory here, tention elsewhere, an American of both services to admit that intanets were less diffeult than now work on the construction of the Japanese war was the best bet of the event of war with Japan the new building at the Purple Moun the prophets. Its unidinefice began Philippines could not be held. tain is being hastened. One of the to be taken for grantel. Respon. This, remember, was ten years ago, three glass domes of the Observatory sible journalists, not only in