PROBLEM OF DEPRESSED CLASSES IN INDIA
GANDHI TO "FAST UNTO DEATH"
AGAINST BRITISH SOLUTION
FULL DETAILS OF CORRESPONDENCE WITH MR. R. MACDONALD
ERIUTER AND BRITISH WIRELESS. }-
LONDON, Sept. 12,
through a certain number of mem THE MAHATMA GANDHI haebers of their own choosing in the decided to "Fast Unto Death Legislatures of seven out of nine as a protest against the British Provinces, but, in order to preserve i Government's solution of the pro- | blem of the Depressed Classes in the unity of Hindu society, the de- the communal decision recently an- cision did not deprive them of their nounced.
vote in the general Hindu cousti tucncles.
The fast will commence, Gandhi'
The decision and not, says, on September 20. The pro-; babilities are that he will be re- however, been published on March leased from prison on that date. 11, the date of Gandhi's first let
Gandhi has been engaged in cor-1 respondence with the Prime Minister to Sir Samuel Hoare.
Gandhi's View,
HONG KONG DAILY PRESS, WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 14, 1932.
GERMAN POLITICAL
CRISIS AVERTED
ELECTIONS TO BE HELD IN NOVEMBER
THROUGH REUTER'S 'AGENCY)"
BERLIN, Sept. 13.
* FLYING FAMILY" ALIVE
SUCCESSFUL SEARCH BY BRITISH TRAWLER
1
(THROUGH REUTER'S AGENCY.]
THE Government has resolved to
retain office despite the die-flying family" nave. approval of the Reichstag
Capt. von Papen enjoys the full confidence of Pres. Hindenburg as is shown by the fact that. Pres. Hindenburg signed the Decree for dissolution at his country home at Neudeck, leaving Capt. von Papen to act as he liked.
FORTHCOMING U.S. ELECTIONS
BAROMETER" STATE
GODS DEMOCRATIC
'(THROUGH. REUTBU'S AGENCY.]
LONDON, Sept. 13
NEW YORK, Sept. 13. THE British trawler Port Talbot MAINE, the "barometer" state has located the Hutchinson of confederation which tradi- до tionally votea Republican elections, has apparently gone Democratic by a narrow majority both for the Governorship and two out of the three candidates for Congress.
COPENILIGEN, Sept. 13 A wireless message from Green land announces that the "fying returned to Finnabu family" nhoard the trawler, Port Talbot, which picked them up at dawn.
The Democrat J. L. Brunn, for The party located consista of Governorship, leads the Republican Mr. and Mrs. George Hutchinson, Burleigh Martin, by 617 votes. their two daughters, aged eight. While the Republicans through and six respectively, and
and a crew of out the country are most dis-
appointed the Democrats
four,
via!
ате
FURTHER FIGHTING IN MANCHURIA
VOLUNTEERS · CAPTURE
Germans are debating whether They were attempting to fly from jubilant.
New York to Edinburgh, the President of the Reichstag Greepland and Iceland. They ar acted correctly in completing the rived at Julianshanb safely on vote of no confidence before an- September 7, from Godthaab, and took off on Monday last for Ang- the nouncing
dimolution. The
magealik. S.0:8; signals were re- Nazis hold that Capt. Goering | ceived from them at Angmaggsálik
The Centre Party towards which the 'plane was fly acted rightly. opines that the dissolution willing, Mr. Hutchinson asking urgent
ly for assistance, nanouncing that harm Germany and the craft had been compelled to seriously should have been avoided, while make n forced landing on the sea.
near the Greenland coast.. German Nationals defend Capt. von Papen urging the Nation to round Prea. Hindenburg, rally for The Social Democrats accept the The Communists de them and for Hinduism, whatever dissolution.
tor, Mr. Hamsay MacDonald, and the Secretary of State for India. Sir Samuel Hoare, touching the In it, Gandhi says his statement problem of the Depressed Classes at the Round Table Conference that Gandhi maintains that the Gov-1 nrnment's solution is no remedy for he would resist with his life the their crushing degradation and his grant of a separate electorate to decision to fast follows the inabil- the Depressed Classes was meant to ity of the British Government to alter their decision.
be a serious statement.
44
In his final message, Mr. Ran I hold," he said, "that a se say MacDonald expresses.regret at Gandhi's decision and says that the parate electorate is harmful Government's decision must stand. He points out that it was reached as a means of safeguarding the rights and interests of the Depress:
ed Classes.
All-Party Parley to Save Gandhi Probable.
SIMA, Sept. 12. Gandhi will probably be releas ed from prison on Beptember 20 according to Assembly lobby circles, immediately after starting his fast. He will be taken to Subhamati Ashram, his retreat in the suburbs of Ahmedabad.
The Government is taking pre- cautionary measures to meet any untoward developments.
Gandhi is expected to survive a fast for a month..
Popoular reaction to the situa- tion will be shown when the Na- tionalist opposition party in the Assembly is likely to move the ad- journment to discuss the situation, It is recalled that Gandhi's pre vious twenty-one-day fast, during Lord Reading's Viceroyalty, led to the convening of an All-Party Con- ference. It is expected that similar movements on this occasion will se cure mutual agreement to save Gandhi's life.
"A Political Stunt."
BOMBAY, Sept. 13. Gandhi's threat to starve himself IL moral fight but a political stunt, declared Dr. Ambedkar, leader of the Depressed
to death is not
Classes,
SIMLA, Sept. 13. The Legislative assombly will
discuss the Gandhi-Macdonald eor respondence this afternoon.
British Press Upholds Government.
LONDON, Sept. 13, Careful examination of Gandhi's arguments by the English Press lead to the general conclusion that the Government's decision in regard to the representations of Depressed classes cannot be de flected by his suicide threat,
The Times points out that Mr. R. MacDonald vainly sought to 1eason with him in an altogether admirable reply in which he shows that the award was merely given to the Depressed Classes in a limited number of special con- stituencies to enable them to bet ter defend their interests. Mr. MaoDonald "vainly explained that ab far as cutting off the depressed Classes from the Hindu world, the award gave the voters a second vote in general or Hindu con- stituencies in order to preserve
their
it may be from a purely political mand Capt. Goering to convene standpoint. To appreciate the the Reichstag tomorrow, but the harm that separate electorates would request will probably be ignored.
It is expected the elections will do to them, one has to know they are distributed amongst the so-call be held early in November, pro- ed Hindus, and how,dependent they vided law and order is maintain- aro on the latter. So far as Hined. duism is concerned, a separate elec torate would simply vivisect and disrupt it. For me, the question of these classes is predominantly mor al and religious.
I therefore respectfully inforia His Majesty's Government that, in the event of their decision creating a separate electorate for the De- preased Classes, I must faat unto death. Bo far as I can see now my discharge from imprisonment would not make the duty of fasting any less imperative."
All Eyes Focussed on Britain,
Meanwhile, the Goremment has acquired dudes through the firm. ness of its demand for equality of treatment regarding armaments,
All eyes are focussed on Britain, whese attitude is expected to pave the way for conciliation.. Oltizens praying for Wise Counsels,
BELLIS, Sept. 12. The dramatic, development lead strength of Gandhi's feeling uponing to the dissolution of the the question of separate electorates, and promised it would be taken into Reichstag has created a furore in account before the Government deci-political circles and the question of sion was given.
Replying on April 19, Sir Samuel Hoare said he realised fully tho
"Dear Friend,”
whether the dissolution was legally effected is being fiercely debated,
The question is fraught with A further letter from Gandhi to the Prime Minister, whom he ad. serious consequences as the Speaker of the Reichstag, Captain Goering, dressed as "Dear friend," writ has summoned the House to meet ten on August 18, after the Gov.
again to-morrow, while the Govern ernment's decision has been a ment is reported to be determined nouneed, says: I have to resist to prevent a mesting by force of your decision with my life. The only way I can do so is by declarats if necessary. ing a perpetual fast unto death from food of any kind, save water, with or without salt and soda. This, fast will censa if, during its
"Continued on Page 8.)
LAND ANNUITIES DISPUTE
FREE STATE OFFER TO BRITAIN
ĮTHROUGH REUTER'S AGENCY.]
DUBLIN, Sept. 13. The question of fring a date whereby the offer to submit the land annuities dispute to arbitration by an international tribunal must be accepted by Great Britain is being considered by the Irish Free State Executive Council.
No official, announcement has been made, but it is understood that an. other Note is being despatched to Britain this week.
Peaceable citizens are praying that wise counsels will prevail to prevent a serious clash and pin their hopes on the German tradition that rebellions do not occur as long as rebellions are verboten.
Meeting Cancelled.
Later:
Wiser counsels have prevailed and the political situation is much easier to-night. Captain Goering has de cided to call off the sitting of the Reichstag which he proposed to convoke to-morrow.
This happier position is the re- sult of a letter from the Chancellor, Captain, von Papen, stating that Goering's refusal to give the Chan- cellor the floor and also his conduct of the Communist non-confidence motion were unconstitutional.
The Government states that it
will permit only the Committee for Foreign Affairs and the Committee for Safeguarding the Rights of Parliament to function after the dissolution.
that he is only awaiting to morov
The British trawler, Port Talbot, immediately went at full speed to the rescue.]
ANCHING AND
SHANGCHENPAO
(TUROUGH REUTER'S AGENCY)
PEIPING, Sept. 13. THE Japanese and Manchukuo
forces are being harassed in all quarters and the disposition of troops to meat a series of concerted ANOTHER ATTEMPT attacks is becoming daily & more
serious problem. TO FLY ATLANTIC ;
TWO DOCTORS AND A GIRL HOP OFF
THROUGH REUTER'S ACKNOY]
NEW YORK, Sept. 13. DRS. Ulbrich and Pitculli and Miss Edna Newcomer took off in the monoplane American Nurse at. 6.10 a. M. on an attempt to fly non-stop to Rome,
Miss Newcomer proposes a para, chute jump over Florence in honour" of Florence Nightingale."
Volunteers who yesterday started to drive against Harbin are now only twenty-five miles from the city, having already occupied Shangchen- pao and Ancheng.
Kiria Crisis.
A critical situation also exists in Kiria City whore martial law has been declared by the Manchukuo garrison commander as another large force of Volunteers is rapidly. approaching.
Changchun's defences have proved
that area so far. successful against the Volunteers in
&
from
Gen. Ma Reports Victories. Meanwhile, Colegram General An Chan Shan reports further victories over Japanese troops and Manchukua forces, say Heilungkang
In Hong Konging that his troop ons Volunteers and have. occupied Chingchen. To-Day
They are now advancing on Suihua, according to Ms Chan Shan's mes
FAIR.
YESTERDAY'S WEATHER REPORT, FORECAST AND REMARKS, ISSUED BY THE ROYAL OBSERVATORY AT 3.90 P.M., STATED I
A
MODERATE ANTICYCLONE COVERS N. CHINA, PRESSURE IN RELATIVELY LOW OVER THE CHINA SEA. THERE ARE INDICATIONS OF
A TYPHOON FORMING TO THE EAST
OF N. LUZON.
LOCAL FORECAST: N.E. WINDS, KODERATE TO FRESH; FAIR.
TYPHOON WARNING.
The following typhoon warn- ing has been received by the American Consulate General from the Manila: Observatory:
Manila, Sept. 13, 3.10 p.m.- Typhoon or cyclone E. of North- ern Luzon, less than 300 miles distant, moving W.N.W
GERMANY AND ARMAMENTS
FRANCE'S REPLY TO 'AIDE MEMOIRE
[THROUGH, NEUTER'S AGENCY)
sage.
Shihua is about 50 miles to the north of Harbin..
CHINA'S FINANCIAL DIFFICULTIES
EFFORT TO MAINTAIN LOAN SERVICE PRAISED
EMPEROR OF JAPAN APPROVES RECOGNITION OF MANCHUKUO
TREATY TO BE SIGNED AT CHANGCHUN
TO-MORROW
PEACE “IN A FEW DECADES!"
THROUGH REUTER'S AGENCY]
TOKYO, September 13, IN the presence of the Emperor this morning, the Privy Council
-approved the recognition of Manchukuo, Imperial sanction for: the step will be recélyed by the Foreign Office this afternoon.j
The Treaty of Recognition will be signed at Changchun on Thursday, September. 15, three days before the anniversary of the capture of Mukden,
Following Imperial sanction, Count Uchida wired to Mr. Muto Instructing him to go to Changchun to sign the treaty recognising Manchukuo.
LATER.
During this morning's Plenary Session of the Privy Council Ryohei Okada questioned Government representatives regarding details of proposals, as well as the bearing of Japan's relations with the League and other Powers, to which Count Uchida and General Araki replied.
Viscount Ishiguro queried the fature relationship of Japan and Manchuria, to which General Arak) replied, after which. Viscounts Iskil and Kuroda spoke volcing their approval of the Government's proposals.
Subsequently the Council unanimously approved.
According to the » present › arrangement the signature of the protocol will be concluded at Changchun on the morning of September 15, at eleven o'clock, Tokyo time. The signatories will be Mr. Muto and Cheng Hsiao Han, the Manchinkon Premier.
A públic announcement will be made the same afternoon four o'clock, simultaneously in Tokyo, and Changchun.
BLAND OPTIMISM OF JAP, MINISTER
TO NANKING
Nanking, Sept. 7-In a Press advocated, the use of pacific meani interview at the Japanese Consu-į for the settlemont of the dispute. late hero, Mr. Ariyoshi, the new
Manchukuo. the present Sino-Japanese equiplicn-¡ Japanese Minister, declared that
Questioned in regard to Manchu- tions were the result of many years kuo, Mr.. Ariyoshi said that from of friction as well as of the general the Japanese viewpoint, the now
political and economic instability state in Manchuria was entirely the
in the world. He expressed con outcome of a spontaneous move- dence that, like a tidal wave, the ment on the part of the people. He down in due course of time. The new state by Japan does not violate situation would gradually calm contended that recognition of this decade or even decades. But he He also declared that the aim of process might take a few years, a any of the international treaties. felt no doubt that friendly rela-Japan was merely. to maintain her tions between Chind and Japan economic interests in Manchuria. would be restored" ultimately,
Direct Negotiations Favoured.
League of Nations,
Askod about Japan's policy vis-a- Questioned as to whether, he has vis the forthcoming League As heen instructed to open direct ne-sembly meeting, Mr. Ariyoshi said. gotiations with China, Mr. Ariyo that the Japanese Government had shi said that while he has not ze not yet decided upon any definite ceived any instructions to that ef- policy in this regard. He was therefore unable to furnish any in- formation.
COMMENTING on Mr. T. V. fect, he would however exext his Soong's denial that China utmost towards a solution of the would default the Salt Laans. the present complications. In his opin
Leation, however, it is not likely that seven members of the Japanese Le Accompanied by a retinue of Times pays tribute efforts during a period of especial any satisfactory settlement could be
igation, Mr Ariyoshi arrived here difficulty to maintain the service reached in the near future. of external secured loans, which the Manchurian question, which Japanese Consulate, he paid a visit Asked as to whether, in his view. by train from Shanghai at 8.30. this morning. After a brief rest at the have created a good impression in forms the crux of the Sino-Japan- to the Sun Yat Sen Mausoleum and
the City..
•
The Morning Post quoting Mr. T. ac difficulties, ought to be settled laid a wreath on the tomb of the
by direct negotiations. by the Lea- V. Soone's plea that the Japanesegue of Nations or by international late Founder of the Kuomintang. authorities are withholding the Salt Revenue in Manchuria which "impairs the ability of the National Government to meet its other commitments," says it in not surprising therefore to note that while Chinese Becurities rallied after a fall, they closed: lower for the day.
DR. WU AND ADM. CHEN GO NORTH
arbitration, Mr. Aniyoshi replied At three o'clock in the afternoo that inasmuch as the Manchurian Mr. Ariyoshi called upon Dr. Lo question" concerned only Chine and Won Kan at the Ministry of For- Japan, direct negotiation was naz eign Affair when official greetings turally the best method of effecting were exchanged. The visit was en- a settlement.
tirely in the nature of a courtesy call, no questions touching upon Use of Force Deprecated. Sino-Japanese relations boing dis In reply to another question, Mr. Insted only about ten minutes.
cussed at the brief meeting which Ariyoshi contended that while the dinner was given this evening by Japanese might have made mig Or. Lo in honour of the new Min- takes, China had also taken men-.
istor. Bures which were absolutely intol
A
The date for the, presentation of
Dr. C. C Wu and the retired erable to Japan. As regards the Admiral Chen Chek sailed for the use of military force, Mr. Ariyoshi credentials by Mr. Ariyoshi has not North from Hong Kong yesterday said that while a very small mino- yet been fixed as President Lin Son, morning. Political significance is rity favoured such drastic action, who is now at Kuling, is not attached to their journey, but they the majority of the Government pected to return to Nanking at Rub to agree with the Ger- refused to explain their object authorities and people in Japan least for the time being-Kuo Min.
¿Paris, Sept. 12
man contention that any Conven tion reached by the Disarmament Conference could have the effect of superseding the provisions of the Treaty of Versailles is the main point of the French Reply to the German qide memoire.
The general tonour is to resist the German claim to equality of armaments.
when asked by local Pressmen.
A
M.C.C. TEAM FOR "AUSTRALIA
BOWES INVITED TO JOIN TOURISTS
Next Election?
Captain von Papen further states
developments before recommending connection with Hindu It is also hinted that it will conto President von Hindenburg the society and to encourage political tain a statement to the effect that date of the next election. co-operation between casteless and the Free State is ready to place Captain Goering withdrew the Caste Hindus."
the money in the custody of an notices for to-morrow's meeting on institution should receipt of this letter. Ho disagrees The Daily Herald, whose pro- international nounced sympathy with Gandhi is Britain agree to settlement by with von Papan's version of the of long-standing, admits it is hard negotiation or arbitration without procedure but believes that the for the average Englishman to un-
reatriotions regarding the com Supreme Court at Leipzig would
hold the dissolution to be effective. The Note rebute the German anti- derstand the working of his mind. position of the Arbitration Court.
Captain Goering's decision has cipation of insufficiency on the part allayed the fears of an ugly clash of the Disarmament Conference and to-morrow and formed an anti- declared that France has cordially climax to an intereely exciting day co-operated in the work at Geners THE in which von Papen had the last and has also effected a reduction word in a broadcast statement in military expenditure by one which was connected up with all and a half milliard franes. B wireless stations over the country. The French Government further emphasises that France desires dis- Armament Demand.
armament solutions to be based
and points out that his threatened
sacrifice is not for what it appears
to the average British mind for the larger issue, but one which seems
REASSEMBLY OF PARLIAMENT
(TABQUOR LEUTER'S
.C.C. has invited the
LONDON, Sept. 13
Yorkshire fast bowler Bowes to go to Australia.
APPLE DELEGATIONS.
MEET IN NEW YORK.
Displaying a flag bearing a huge red apple on a field of white at the Waldorf flagstaff, within their con- ference room, they discussed many technical matters, but chiefly, their New York, Aug 13-Large dele interest was in how to combat the gations, many of them from distant high international tariffs, total and parts of the United States, gather partial embargoes, quotes and so here this week to talk about no farly serious to the apple industry, ed at the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel on, which are restrictions partiqu a detail in constitution framing, Misunderstanding Suggested.
thing but apples. They were mem according to Mr. Marcus J. Gray bers of the International Apple-As of Boston, president of the associ LONDON, Sept. 12.
sociation, whose beneficial influence tion, who declared that "foreign The feature of the Government'a
and guidance to fruit growers r
rea trade is vital to the apple indus proposals which has led Gandhi to
ches to ever part of the civilized adopt this coures is the special cleo
try. toral treatment provided for the
world, and they were meeting, ap The association membership com Depressed Classes who, although within the Hindu system, are "un.
Aparri, Sept. 7-Aleko Lilius, propriately enough, in the city prises leaders of the apple indus touchable. For all other Hindus,
Manila newspaperman who was re- which holds the world's record for try, and includes growers, shippor they cast pollution by touch, and
"It would be intolerable for us armament Conference gives a ported lest when he failed to arrive consumption of appleate defile food and water. The Simon IT is officially announced that to be treated any longer as a promise of inrufficiency, the German at Basco, Batanes, days after the
In the New York metropolitan co-operative organiz Report said :—*' Thoir state is in- Parliament will ressemble on second-class nation-unprotected Government declares itself entitled specified time he was expected aren, which during 1031 consumed butors, jobbere, cold stora deed pitiable, just living on the October 18th, and not on October amidst a continent bristling with to modify, its own statute of arms there to undertake the trip to Yami more than 4,000,000 boxes of apples, ers, freight brokers, aud edge of starvation and unaware of 27th, the date originally fixed. armis, he averred, adding. The menta, it will thereby nop only fail island to find Glena Brophy, lost leading the entire United Kingdom, any fores of improving their lot. The chief reason for advancing Cabinet, will decide in the next few to, full its obligations under the American adviator has not started which coorumid 3,908,000 boxes, and wanding agents, exporters, impor
The Government's decision sought the date in that legislation bas to days what it intends to do in for Peace Treaty, but will rendere le trip. He is in Calaven island, Germany, which consumed 1,787.000 term, and manufacturers. to pince the Depressed Classes in abe introduced to implement the dother treatment of this vital ques possible the subsequent coalisationnable to leave beomisso, the crew of boxes, the apple man were in their 13kes, orchard, supplies, utensils
fracking, house-legdi terít position to speak for themselves 'visions of the Ottawa Conference. tion."
of general disarmament.
his vessel refuses to make the trip. Helement.
DATE ADVANCED BY NINE DAYS
{THROUGZ REUTER'S AGENCY.}
LONDON, Sept. 12,
The Chancellor upheld the upon Article Fight of the League Government's viewpoint, emphasis Covenant which requires a redac ing the paramount need for national tion in national aramaments to the unity, particularly in view of the lowest point consistent with nation- international disarmament disonsal safety. sions.
If, on the ground that the Dis
LILIUS SAFE.
HAS NOT EVEN STARTED
FOR YAMI