"
HONG KONG DAILY PRESS, MONDAY, JULY 11, 1932:
"A NEW PAGE IN
IN HISTORY"
AGREEMENT REACHED AT LAUSANNE A FRIENDLY HINT
TO JAPAN
REPARATIONS OBLITERATED [UTE AND DECTION WIDELESS.]
H
"[BRITISH WIRELESS BERVICE]
RUGLY, July 9. .M. THE KING has sent a personal message of congratula. tion to the Prime Minister on the Lausanne agreement which was reached yesterday. The tact and patience shown by the Prime Minister during the 'prolonged ncgotiations were also warmly praised by the British Press which unanimously welcomes the settlement,
The terms of the draft agreement as finally approved by the delegates of the principal Powers was submitted last night to a plenary session and this morning there was a full plenary meeting of the conference at which signatures were appended. Mr. Ram- say MacDonald, as President, read the declaration in the names of Sir John Simon, Monsleur Germain Martin and Signor Marconi extending a temporary moratorium for European Inter-Govern. mental debts until the ratification of the present treaty. The settlement is laid down in five instruments,
The terms of settlement follow:-
Firstly, agreement with Germany.
Secondly, a transitional measure relating to Germany. Thirdly, a resolution relating to non-payment of reparations. ~Fourthly, a resolution relating to central and easter Europe. Fitthly, a resolution relating to a world esonomic and finan. cia! conference,
PREAMBLE TO AGREEMENT
The preamble to the agreement states that the signatory Powers, "have assembled at Lausanne to deal with one of the problems resulting from war with the firm intention of helping to create a new order and permitting the establishment and develop. ment of confidence between nations in a mutual spirit of reconcilia. tion and justice."
The effect of the settlement is that reparations are cancelled and Germany is to make an eventual payment by means of bonds to a total amount of Mks. 3,000,000,000 but not for a farther three years and then only under certain safeguards. Disposal of this fund is left to creditor Powers, who, when the times comes will, it is assumed, be guided by the Intentions expressed at Lausanne in favour of it forming a contribution towards economic reconstruc tion.
BRITISH PRESS COMMENT
The Time says: "The great achievement of Lausenue is that the one sided payments from one country to another group of coun. fries formerly associated in war have been abolished and that all countries concerned-in the settlement are to unite in reconstitut. ing the shaked economic system. Europe has collectively perform ed its part la the settlement of the problem of war debts. The removal of their deleterious action from the rest of the world cannot be done by Europe aloue. Some profoundly important floancial and economic problems still wait solution, but the nations of Europe will face them with a better heart."
The Daily Telegraph; "The sponge is now passed over the slate. Even the word reparations is obliterated.. Whatever Ger. imany may pay after three years will be for reconstruction. Agree. ments of the treaty are subject to ratification but no definite debt is mentioned. Britaia has for the time being suspended all payments due to ber, surrendering her claim to more than £30,000,000 an. nually believing that the United States will also see the necessity of a revision in her own interests and that of general world recovery,"
WELCOME AND REASSURING
The Morning Post: Regards the settlement as welcome and reassuring and ans on which Germany may well congratulate her. self. As to creditor Powers the main question is what kind of composition America will accept for her debts and on what prin ciples she will determine for her acceptance. The British attitude" is that their payments are a source of economic dislocation and an obstacle to recovery. Our task is to persuado America in her own and common interest to accept these."
The Daily Herald expresses Hope that Lausanne will be fol- lowed by a substantial measure of disarmament and notes that it clears the way for a world economic conference which the United States has agreed to attend. At this conference it says: "There should be the widest possible survey of factors making for world · dislocation. Lausanne is the beginning.There is much yet to do."
The Manchester · Guardian: “The settlement registers one momentous achievement, the end of the reparations system. Both the French and German "delegates hive sacrificed something. Both are risking something with their own people and that also is a good omen for the future. Referring to debts owing to America It says that European governments would be on the strongest ground if, having settled among themselves questions of reparations and war debis, they approached the United States and rendering an account of their policy invited them to cooperate in `the work of restoration by finally bringing to an end the present
level system,"
The News Chroniclè: " The statesmen of France and Ger. many have given at once a great example and great hope to a world that sadly needs both.""
"FIRST CHAPTER OF NEW BOOK 22:
Addressing the final conference Mr. MacDonald faid: "We have written at Lausanne a page of history. The Lausanne Con ference must not be considered as the last chapter of an old book but as first chapter of a new one." He emphasised, that the origin of the world's wealth lay in a free interchange of trade and commerce and anything which interfered with that inter- changa, should be removed. Henceforth Germany would take her place with other Powers in the task they had set themselves, bringing back prosperity to the world.
On the subject of disarmament he urged that, naval: disarma. ment must come as well as national disarmament.
A great step forward had to day been taken,
LAUSANNE, July 8. Mr. Ramsay Macdonald opened the final Plenary Session at 10 a.m. The Session was crowded with smiling delegatea.
WAR DEBTS
AMERICA'S ATTITUDE
UNCHANGED
[KRUTER'S AMERIČAN BERVICE.]
WASHINGTON, July 10. The State Department announces that there is no change in the U.S. Governments attitude regarding War Debts from the views outlined by Mr. Hoover in June last year. when he declared he did not ap prove of further cancellation, but that temporary adjustments may be
Sir John Simon read a statement on behalf of Great Britain as tend-necessary. ing to the moratorium among the creditor Powers until the ratifica- tion of the Agreement.. The French and Italian delegates read similar
statements.
ly attained, will be understood and appreciated by all the pacific ele. ments in Europe and throughout the world and be followed by fresh achievements.
Then followed the signature of the Agreement by Mr. Ramsay Mac-
"These first successes will be more donald (Britain), N. Renkin (Bel gium), M. Heriot (France), von readily won if the nations rally to Papen (Germany), Nr. Yoshida this new effort in the cause of real (Japan), Signer Mosconi (Italy) peace, which they can complete only and M. Zeleski (Poland). The if it is applied in both the econo, nie and political spheres and reject South African, New Zealand, Casall possibility of resort to arms or dian and Australian delegates were | violènce." also signatories:
Addressing the Conference Mr. Ramsay Macdonald declared: "Our
BOND ISSUE
The first resolution deals with work' is indeed ended. After three the agreement with Germany with weeks we have come to an agree- | regard to the provision of bonds to ment which was not easy, as there the value of three milliards of were too many old memories which marks, which will not be issued were extremely hard to uproot. Our until some period after three years, work has put out a new page into when the state of the market will History, not ending a chapter but permit their being issued at a rate beginning a new book. The bar of 90, bearing fiva per cent, in den imposed on Germany disturbed Lerest and was per cent. Sinking world trade and even a self-con- tained nation like the United States was as hard hit as ourselves. Individual prosperity cannot exist alone, and the Agreement signed here must have a responso else. where.
"I hope that Geneva will put an end to the waste in armaments, but disarmament is not enough. We must have cantour and confidence and moral disarmament among the nations. We must extend the hand of friendship and encouragement to all struggling nationa The Eastern nations must come in as well."
Fund.
years
If after a period of fifteen From the date of the ratification it has not been possible to issue the bouds they will be cancelled.
The hands will be held by the Bank of International Settlements and be devoted to a fund for the reconstruction of Europe.
The second resolution provides transitional measures with regard to the bonds, and extends the pro visions of the declaration until réti. fication has occurred.
A HORRIBLE
TRAGEDY
MUNITION DEPOΤ
ON FIRE
(THROUGH'REUTER's AGINOT.]
NANKING, July 10,
QUEST FOR SOVIET FUTURE' OF
AID DENIED
MANCHURIA WAR IS
MERE MYTH
(THROUGH REDTEM'S AGEROY,}
.MANCHURIA
NEVER TO BE AGAIN UNDER CHINESE RULE
ACCORDING TO JAPAN
[YBROUGH REUTER'S AGENCY.] NANKING, July 0. WITH reference to the Japanese
TOKYO, July D. news agency report from Han ACCORDING too afternoon bin alleging that the Chinese Gov- papers to-day, Araki, the Minis- ernment will ask Soviet Russia for ter for War, in reply to questions active support in the recovery of Frat tize endra di the League Manchuris after Sino-Soviet diplommission who visited him this
övning, stated:-
A HOLE tragedy occurred early this morning when fire broke out at 6 am, in a munition dapot, believed belonging to Chen Tiao Yunn's troops, of which forty soldiers wore guarding the dépot.
Many are believed to have parish-matic relations have been reannied, ed.
a spokesman from the Foreign Office formally denied the report People in the neighbourhood of
this afternoon, the depot immediately panicked the city of causing an infinx to terrified Chinese escaping from the smoke, fire and explosions.
%
The depot is situated outside the south-west city gate, consequently the explosions were not heard in the city till 9 a.m. when they wäre most intense.
Ho characterised the entire state- ment as utterly without foundation, including the fact that the Soviet informed the Chinese delegate at: Moscow, Mr. Wang Taong Shi, that negotiations between the two coun. tries would be resumed in the
Autuma.
OFF AT LAST.
SPANISH AVIATOR LEAVES
Streets to and from the dipot are heavily guarded by policemen and soldiers with drawn pistols. Ambulances are being held ready nt the city gate waiting for, the explosions to subside in order that n relief corps may search for the
Senor Fernando Rein y Loring, wounded and dend
the Spanish aviator, hopped off for The casualties are not yet avail-Manila from Kai Tak at 3.30 a.m.
able.
Official Report.
LATER,
An official report says that forty people were injured in the explo
ion and fire, but the number of dead is impossible to estimate.
yesterday.
FOR MANILA,
The fight is a direct een flight in Manila, in six and half hours, and Senor Loring hoped to arrive
Senor Loring arrived here on n fight from Madrid to Manila on May 27. He left Madrid on April Munitions were stored in a tem 24, in a Loring high wing mono- nle which was blown to bits, while plane with a 5-cylinder engine, the Police Headquarters adjacent aufmachine being capable of a speed foted the same fate..
of 185 kilometers per hour and hav. Many people in order to escapeing a cruising speed of 140 kilome from the fire jumped into the river. Many were drowned
LONDON DELIGHTED",
LONDON, July 8. Tremendous satisfaction is ex- pressed in London political and business circles at the Lausanne Agreement, which it is hoped will
Macdonald said: "Japan min Hong Kong definitely close the era of pernicious
must
nhow the same homagó to the Lengue as the other nations until we are all in peace,
After M. Horriot had paid n tribute to the League-Secretariat. and the journalists present at the Conference, the Conference ended nt 11.25 a.m.
"GOOD SECOND-BEST"
LONDON, July 9. A full-throated chorus of ap proval and upconcealed relief at the burying of the European hatchet, the cheerful "good-bye to all Reparations," and the unquali-. fed eulogies of Mr. Ramsay Mac- donald's personal triumph wore the keynotes of the reaction of the British Press to Lausanne.
not
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was
Although some quarters express the opinion that tho. Agreement is comprehensive BA initially hoped, it is universally hailed as a "good second-best," and likely to prove a real step towards general economio recovery.
The salient editorial sentences on Lausanne are as follow:-
The Daily Herald:-" This is the best news since 1918."
The News Chronicle:-" Some thing has at last been done."
The Daily Mail:-" A Brent
achievement."
The Daily Telegraph:-"A sigu-
al success,"
war mentality, and perhaps mark the turning point in trade depres
BİOD. To-Day
FINE TO CLOUDY
YESTERDAY'S WEATHER REPORT, PORECAST AND REMARKB; ISSUED BY THE ROYAL Observatory Ar 6.25 P.M., STATED ****
tera.
Arrival at Aparri,
MANILA, July 19. Fernando Rein, the Spanish fior,
CHEN CHAK'S FLAGSHIP AT AMOY.
CO-OPERATES WITH 19TH
ARMY.
(1) Japun is desirous of seeing ealthy development of the Man- chukuo State;
_{2) Japan ought to recognise the Munchukuo Government when it is sulherently organised;
(3) The Tokyo Government is not yet considering when to withdraw the Japanese troops from Man- churia, because it is first necessary to restore peace and order to that country;
(4) Manchuria will -never be allowed to return to Chinese rule;
(0) Owing to the fundamental fact that Manchuria is Japan's life- line the problem of the defence of Manchuria is indivisible from the
problem of the defenes of Japan.
Lord Lytton had not yet recover- ed sufficiently to attend this morn ing's, meeting of the Commission, but it is hoped that he will be able to attend the meeting which is to confer with Count Uchida on July 12.
Informal Talk.
the
TUKYO, July 0. The members of the. Lytton Com. mission had an informal conver sation this morning with Minister for War, Araki, and it is learned that they will commence hcial and formal conversations: with the Government Authorities on July 12.
This week-end all the members of Europe and the world, and de-who hopped off from Hong Kong are spending at Hakoa, except clared that," the spirit of Lausanne this morning landed at Aparri this Lord Lytton himself, who is still must triumph."
afternoon after a perfect passage confined to his bed by the indis He is leaving for Mauila to-morrow position recently reported, a com- completing his journey frombination of fever, and dysentery. Madrid.
"TO RECOVER MANCHURIA"
IMPORTANT POST FOR HO YING CHING.
Nanking, July 4.-It is reported that General Ho Ying Ching, Amoy, July 4-The gunbont to an important military post in Minister of War, will be appointed Chungshan flagship of Ä datirad Chen Chak, Commander of the the North to assist General Chang Hauch Liang, Director of the Pei- Kwangtung Naval Squadron, or rived at Amoy yesterday under the ping Pacification Headquarters, in command of Captain Chen Ticarrying out the plans for recovery of the occupied territories in Man- immediately upon lala arrival," churia. Captain Chan had an interview
Genert-Ho, who has been direct- with General Huang Chiang, Chief ing military operations in Nanchang of Staff, of the 19th Route Army.
Captain Chen said that the de. for the past two months in his capacity 03 Bandit Suppression parture of the Chungshan from Commander for the Kiangai-Fukicn- Kwangtung waters was due to the Kwangtung border regions, has just The Vatican is similarly happy to reluctance of both himself and his returned to the Capital. It is stated declare that the Agreement is in crew to participate in civil war that he will proceed to Peiping in line with the policy advocated by fare. They had therefore proceeded the immediate future.-Kuo in. His Holiness the Pope since 1922. to Amoy with the intention of assisting the 19th Route Army in
*NEW PRESIDENT FRANCO GERMAN REACTIONthe anti-Red campaign in Fukion
JOYFUL RELIEF
ROME, July 8. The uncertainties of the past few days has told on the nerves of ob servers, but the new of an agrea mont being reached is hailed with joyful relief, and as a vindication of Signor Mussolini's ten-year-old PRESSURE REMAINS
policy of a clean slate. HIGHEST OVER THE PACIFIC TO THE EAST OF JAPAN AND LOW OVER CHINA GENERALLY. THE DEPRESSION 18 MOVING NORTH-EAST AND 18 NOW CENTRAL TO THE N.N.E. OF CRE-
¥00.
LOCAL FORECAST:-S. WINDS, MODERATE; FINE TO CLOUDY.
HELP FOR AUSTRIA The third resolution relates to non-German reparations, and states that Belgium, the United Kingdom, Germany, France and Italy have agreed to proceed with a scheme to help Austria as the first step to wards the reconstruction of Eastern and
Mr. Ramsay MacDonald's untir- ing patience is referred to in super lative termA,
PARIS, July 9.
A sigh of relief, but no joy-bells, is the reception given to the Agree ment by France, who, it is pointed out, has given up much and receiv- ed nothing, but M. Herriot is con- gratulated on making the best of a bad bargain.
IN GERMANY
BERLIN, July 8. Germany is divided into two casa on the result of the Con- ference.
It is understood that the Chung- shan will shortly be taken over by Admiral Chen Chi Liang, Com- mander of the 1st Naval equadron, and recommissioned.
Various units of the rath Divi
OF S.M.R.
CABINET MINISTERS
sion disembarked at Amoy yestar- day from Nanking, thus complet- ing the transfer hore of the entire 19th Route Army. With the arrival. It is
DISAGREE
THROUGH REUTER'S AGENCY.] ‹‚
TOKYO, July 9. reported on reliable
of these troops, the 60th Division authority that there are differences has moved further westward to of opinion among. Cabinet Minis- South-Eastern Europe. It
Changchow and Nanching.
tern over the question of selecting. provides that the execution of pay menta on account of Bulgarian
The Headquarters of the 19th new President of the Southern Route Army are now established at | Manchuriau · Railway, and that and Hungarian reparations be re-
The Modorates and Democrats Changchow, having been moved serious developments may follow. served until December 15 next.
The fourth resolution provides are satisfied that Germany has ac-there from Haiteng at noon yes-
Mr. Ngal, the Minister of Over- that a Committee shall roport to complished something substantial interday.-Kuo Min.
seas Affairs, and the Prime Minis the Organising Committee for Euro- the Agresinent, which ought to
ter, Mr. Saito, informally announc pean union such measures as may open the road to world recovery.
ad yesterday that the Banker, Mr. be required to overcome the pro- On the other hand, the Nationa
Chji Kajiwara was being appoint," sent difficulties of transfer and also lists are furious with Herr von
ed as President; but the War questions with regard to the price demands, which they say will be prevailed. Although the issue was expressed his definite opposition to Papen for abandoning the political At Lausanne, intense onthusiasm Minister, Araki, is stated to have. Papon, the Times states the opinion of cereals and cognate problema avenged at the political election on in doubt until the end, a more this appointment, and to be recom
generally.
July 31.
favourable atmosphere was reached mending General Yoshida, who is when the chief French delegate (Mnow on the retired list, instead of Herriot) met Mr. Ramsay Mac-Kajiwara.
The Times: A poison extracted? from Europe's economic system. The patient remains weak but the spread of the economic gangrene has been stayed."
Paying a tribute to the cordiality between M. Herriot and
For
that both men were hampered by the clandestine intrigues of those who, for Party reasons, wished the negotiations to fail"
THE AGREEMENT
LAUSANNE, July 8. The Agreement begins with a preamble setting forth the object of the Conference, continues with a political declaration, and concludes with five resolutions.
lows:
In the political declaration, the most important part reads as fol- "The Powers that have signed the Treaty came to Lausanne to deal with one of the problems arising from the War, with the firm inten- tion-of contributing to a new order which will allow the establishment and development of confidence-be tween the nations in a mutual spirit of reconciliation, collaboration and justice. The signatory Powers will make every effort to resolve the pro- bleme which exist at the present mo. ment, or may arise subsequently, in the spirit which has inspired the present Agreement.
They do not claim that these complishments at Lausanne, which will completely put an end to re- parations can alone assure that end of peace that all the nations desire. but they hone that an achievement of such significance, and so arduous
[Continued on nazi-Oolumn,)||||||
WORLD CONFERENCE
The fifth resolution deals with the World Economio and Financial Conference which it has been de cided shall be convoned by the Lex-
The meeting gue of Nations. place is left open, and may not necessarily be Geneva,
Meanwhile, a Commission of Ex- ports will be appointed, to which the United States will be invited to send a representative, to study the financial and economic problems which will be dealt with by the Conference.
A plenary session of the Com ference was opened at 8 a.m. and was adjourned to enable the dele gates to examine the terms of the Agreement,
It resumed an hour later, when
USA. AND WAR-DEBTS
WASHINGTON, July 8. Officials of the State Department are gratified at the Lausanne Agreo-
ment.
tions,
Minister.
INTENSE ENTHUSIASM".
Donald at his hotel this morning to It is stated that there is a pos resume the negotiations, which were sibility of some resignations of continued far into the night,'
The German Chancellor, Herr Cabinet Ministers, as this is not the first quarrel over the appoint It is stated that the Untied States von Papen, was in communication ment of Government officials that Government is now ready to fulfil with his Cabinet colleagues at Berhas broken out since the Saito its promise to consider the revision in while the conversations were in Ministry was formed in May last. of war debts, as soon as the Euro- progres during the forenoon and, pean Powers are agreed on rapara- thereafter rapid progress was made.
Shortly after
Luncheon, the RUSSIANS ARRESTED, However, the European nations French Premier was able to inform must submit their proposals to the waiting journaliste that an
IN HARBIN America individually, as the policy agreement had heen reached. of the United States, has always The Chancellor of the Exchequer, been to consider its fifteen. Euro-Mr. Neville Chamberlain, is leav pean debtors separately.
ing Lansanhe to-night and will ar rive in London to-morrow after noon. The Prime Minister is ex- pected to reach London on Sunday afternoon:-
BRITISH PREMIER'S PART
RUGBY, July 8.
days.
BRITISH DELEGATES RETURN TO LONDON
{BRITISH WILKES) SERVICE)
RuGay. July 9. CHANCELLOR of the Exchequer, Mr. Neville Chamberlain, is leaving. Lausanne to-night, and will arrive in London to-morrow alter
The news of the settlement has the representatives of the amalior been received here with intense States announced that they would satisfaction, particularly in view of not sign the document until they the prominent part taken by the had had time for further study, British Prime Minister in the pro M. Herriot addressed the meet-longed negotiations of the past few ing and was followed by Mr. Neville Chamberlain, who dashed The heartening nowe was imme out with only a few minutes to diately communicated to the House spare to catch train to London, of Commons by the Dominions Be The Plenary Session concluded at cretary, Mr. Thomas, who inter- 11:30 pm,
rupted the Irish debate to make M. Herriot in the course of a the announcement that had just noon. speech, touchingly and eloquently been conveyed to the Government in The Prime Minister is expected appealed for unity in the councils a telephone message from the Prime to reach London on Sunday after
(Continued on next column.) (Continued on lett" column.)
пост
· DRASTIC STEPS TO SUP: PRESS COMMUNISM IN MANCHURIA
THROUGH REUTER'S AGENOT.]
HARBIN, July 9.7 There are indicationan that the Authorities are determined to sup- press vigorously all Communistie activities in Manchuria
Proof of this was provided when fifteen Itussians who were alleged to be Communists were arrested to-day.
These man include employees of the Dalbank Naphtha Syndicate and other Borist organisations,
The Police claim to have seized many incrimimting documents. (Further China news, will be found on page Five).