Page
THE EXPRESS LIFT CO., LTD.
WITH "WHICH IS INCORPORATED THE BUSINESS OF
SMITH, MAJOR & STEVENS, LTD.
EXPRESS SMS
LIFTS
MODERN LIFTS
FOR
MODERN BUILDINGS
SPEEDY RELIABLE SERVICE
FOR DETAILS APPLY TO
THE G.E.C., QUEEN'S BUILDING, CHATER ROAD.
The
EVERYTHING (SE.C.
your guarantos
ELECTRICAL -
BERVAR
THE SEA-WATER-PROOF
SPEEDBOAT VARNISH
W. R. LOXLEY & CO.
YORK BUILDING,
Berger
asd Product
Lapyrith
L.M. Atkinson
Maclodies LicenFET
Member of the GMA
F
CHATER ROAD...
HONG KONG DAILY PRESS, SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 20, 1932.
ENGINEERING
AND BUILDING
SOME ASPECTS OF BOILER PLANT OPERATION.
SUPPLEMENTING HIGH GENERATION
-EFFICIENCY BY ECONOMIC
UTILISATION.
Of the many departments of conditions, there has been a general öngineering in which marked 570- trend towards much higher condi gross has been the keynote of ro- tions, than those formerly, ruling. cent years, that of steam raising To-day a steam pressure of 400 to is far from being the least import 450lb. per square inch is increas. ant. In some aspects of this pro-ingly popular, while many examples gross revolutionary is an apt de- with still higher pressures are in seription of the changes of opera. operation. tion and the "results achieved. Thead" developments, cover many as- pects, but they must necessarily bo
summed up in the overall efficiency of the operation as exhibited by the reduced costs of steam produc
tion.
No longer are' steam engineers
HIGH TEMPERATURES.
On the temperature side, too,
thers in the trend towards increase Hera; "however, the problem is faced with the difficulties of the production of materials which will
stand up to the stressful condition
WIRELESS AT SEA.
ARTIFICIAL STONE. Jove to hydraulic pressure, usually
of 400 tons to the square inch.
ITS USE IN BUILDING WORK.
of
With thoas high-grade blooks nothing a loft to chance; overy constituent is weighed out in the exact quantities needed to ensure: One result of the growing popula-the best result, the amount of water rity
concrete construction has used is seientifically accurate, and been the creation of a cast-stone the length of the mix, all of which factors have a direct boaring on the quality of the finished pro- duct, in coleplated out to seconds. Further, the various processes are so arranged that the materials are not touched by hand from the time the granite chippings and the cement are placed in the mengur ing bins until the products are anally arranged in stacks for maturing.
EQUIPMENT OF NEW P. & O. industry which is now becoming of
great "importance. LINERS.
Now artificial, or eat, stone is being very largely used, and archi. tects and builders, at a compara- sively low cost, can have blocks made to their own designs and in any tint, as well as have at their command a wide range of stock blocks,
NAVIGATION AND COMMUNI CATION AIDS ON MODERN
SHIPS.
propor
Asbestor-Dament. Mixtures.
Another type of product which comes under the hoading of east stone is the asbestos-cement mix-
Polind
The four new liners of the
Cast stort can be made of any Poninsular and Oriental Steam quality, from the coarse mix used Navigation Co,p Strathnaver," for rough work which has to carry in great load, to the superfae pro- Strafanird;" "Corfu," and duct made with a granite aggre Carthage," are each to carry the gate. The mixed cement, annd, and tires which are now so largely used for roofings, walls, ceilinga, latest type of wireless telegraph aggregato, scientifically
Huro and brought to complete beatos, properly preparod, is Apparatus, comprising 2-kilowatt tioned, is consolidated under pres and the like. A high grade of transmitters for long, medium, and homogeneity, partly owing to this mixed with a slow-setting, Analy short wavelengths," and receivers pressure trentanont and partly to ground
cament. Tho covering the whole commercial wave various materiais. By having the ture ensure that the fibres of the
the correct proportioning of the machines employed in the manufac range, with additional units for blocks made by a spesialist arm, asbestos are so interlaced and bond- ducis interfenes. To assist tattain any quantity of blocks of any from laminations or stratifications. strengthening weak signals and re such as the Atlas Stone Co., ofed that the finished product is..
Victoria-street, it is possible to ob bighly resistant to mechanical stressee of all kinds and ars free, navigators, direction finders with design, all exactly alike and each the fixed frame aerials at the after as durable and as hard as a high way is a most cconomical material Corrugated: sheeting made in this end of the upper bridge have been grade natural stone,” installed, the indicating instru
lifeboat seta..
The Granite Surface, One of the highest quality pro duets of this kind is an artificial stone made with granite chippings as an aggregate. A percentage of
4
for construction roofing and ex- tornal walls, fencing, ste. For en- gineering and other manufacturing. ad industrial buildings, storage sheds, workshops and the like my metal corrugated sheets have until recently been available for the pur
in despair at the relatively low thus imposed. Metallurgical rements being fitted in the chart afficiencies of their steam power | search has been very definitely plant. On the contrary, the indirected to this problem, and it is cabins. They carry all other safety wireless apparatus, including an creases in efficiency have brought safe to say that the results obtain- us up to a point at which developed indicate that the metallurgist emergency set working from an innatural granite is pulverised to an pose, but now asbestos-coment, cor ments must proceed in directions is by no means at the limit of his dependent source of power, and extremely fine powder, and the usu rugated sheets offer a lighter and other than thoso, representing the
resources in the production of now effeiancy of the conversion of the combinations from which: nore en- latent energy of the coal into during properties are being obtain-
power. These efficiencies frequently hover round 20 per een, which, viewed in a more cor reet perspective, indicates oven Better practice than is suggested by the more figure.
stenm.
PROCESS WORK.
Having, however, raised glinost to its limit this factor, it behoves the engineer to see to it that it is not offset, or more than offset. by neglect in the methods of trans ferring the steam to the points of utilisation. This is often regarded as the "wonk spot in an otherwise highly efficient plant.
ed.
Marconi Apparatus. The equipment has been provided Internationa: by the Marconi Marine Communication Co., Ltd.,
the wireless and in addition to gear the Strathnaver "*. and Strathaird have been Attad
With these materials tempera tures have been able to sreep up to somewhere in the region of 750 deg. F. this having been set as a commercial limit Enterprism however, is going further in the with the latest type of depth- cauca of a few boiler plants in sounding device, (the "Echome- which temperatures up to 25 and ter"), which indicates instant- 650 deg. F. are either being used aneously and without the use of the ship's dynamo the depth oi or are anticipated
In the one
י,
In two other directions boilers of water immediately under the ship. what may be regarded as the ex-This instrument is silent in opera treme type are either in ommer-tion and can be switched on by the officer on watch and left running vial use or under advanced com-
as long as it is required ̈without mercial experiment.
causing any disturbance to the pas Bangers or craw, these advantages the system of transmission employed is such tha the signal is sent in the form of a beam straight from the bottom of the ship to the sea bed and reflect
In addition to
case we have the mercury turbine, In another direction the officient which now seems to have advanced use of steam has been considerably from the puroly experimental stage advanced by the dual" application to that of commercial operation, firat for power-raising and after although such larger scale and con- wards for a number of operations tinuous operation can only at pre- under the general term process sent be regarded as an experiment work. In this the bulk if the latent on & more than usual magnificented back again, being picked up by heat of the steam, which is not scale, when wo bear in mind the the hull filting, which acts both as
a transmitter and receiver.. available for convorsion into mecha.ature of the material which con- [nical power in the prime mover hytituter the medium. for power con-
reason if the fact that the steam must pass therefrom in the vapour form, becomes available and sveno- mically, useful by the condensation of the steam in contact with liquids requiring to be heated.
version.
L
"Reception of Music.
נג
"The "Corfu " and Carthage" are! BOILER PRESSURES. supplied with a special type ot! Again, the highest pressure 80
band repeater, consisting of a cabi net containing a double turntable for practically employed abroad are
for gramophone records, an being catered for in boilers of the Instances of this are hemical Löffler type, in which the steamplifier, and a motor generator. Two works where large volumes of solu- conditions to be realised are 130 deck loud-speakers are supplied for tions frequently require heating. and also the production of hot atmospheres and 500deg. C. These when and where they are re water for general industrial, workboilers are also of no mean dimen-quired, and two other loud-speakers and domestic requirements on an organised ante, This latter napect sions, the normal load being of the in polished wooden cabinets serve has received much attention in re order of 150 tons per hour, with for internal use in the ship. All peak loads of 100 tons over 'short the loudspeakers are fitted with
cent years.
Returning to the boiler, however
we cannot full to note the increas periods. With the completion, in-flexible cable and sockets and have ing steam pressures and tempera-stallation and running of these local volume control units to enable. tures which are becoming atandard boilers of such abnormal conditions them to be switched on or off and practice. Leaving aside for the considerable interest must be direct the volume to be regulated to quit, moment the examples of extreme ed to their, operation under con
local requirements,
COMPLETE ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS
toith
C. M. A. CABLES.
Advice, and Estimates given free on all types of
LIGHTING & POWER INSTALLATION
by an experienced
ELECTRICAL ENGINEER
retained at our Hong Kong Branch
The General Electric Co. (of China), Ltd.
QUEEN'S BUILDINGS,
HONG KONG
view of the very limited solubility of the sulphur gases in the dilute state in which they are present.
tinuous and full load conditiona. Finally, the critical" pressure boiler is still under investigation.
With the increase in the capa cities of boiler installations and in some cases their location in or The work which has been done.on: near thickly populated areas, there this problem quite recently demon- has been occasion for, a reconsidera strates that considerable economies tion of a number of problems which of water can be effected by the ap do not so urgently arise when power plication of the principle of cata- stations can be more distantly re- lysis and some very satisfactory moved from the centres of industry. results have already been obtained: Of these problems there is first in this direction, thus minimizing that of the dust, the escape of the amounts of chemicals chiefly of which is unavoidable and by no the mild alkali typal moans inconsiderable: Estimates Under conditions in which the may vary as to the amounts which sulphur dioxide contout, as such pass off under the different systems smelter gases is much larger than of stoking and with different types in the case of flue gas, there is the of fugl. If, in the case of atoker possibility of the recovery of the firing, only. 10 per cent. of the sulphur form, This is a most de ash passes off in the waste gases, sirable result, but the sulphur con- the total amount per day on a tent of flue gas would seem to be plant consuming 2,000 tons of coal too low to take advantage of this per day is far from insignificant. } process, With pulvarised fuel firing, bow- ever, this proportion stands to be very considerably increased.
It is in the direction of the rapid solution in a minimum quan- tity of water by means of some cheap catalyst, with the production SULPHUR CONTENT. of relatively harmless materials which can with safety be allowed The sulphur, gas problem, too, is to pass out into the local river or definitely commanding attaation, stream, that we must look for a and in view of the large volumes of commercial answer to the problem, nir passing each hour through an and there is evidence that advances Pinata:lation of boilers, the idea of in this direction point to a muf- having to scrub out the larger pro- ficiently, effective result to justify portion of their sulphur content the greater proximity of the power seems at first sight a far from stations to the mentres of consump practical proposition, especially in tion, thus diminishing transmission
(Continued on next Column.) and distribution conta
of this, with coarser grdhite aggre more "neonomical substitute which, gate, not only ensures uniform once fixed, needs no further atten- distribution of the materials, but tion. It is both fire-resisting and' gives the Anished blocks a charac-impervious to weather, a good non- toristio granite surface. With the conductor of extremes in tempera latest products of this type rapid ture, and gives botter insulation hardening coment is used, and the against heat and cold than any materials, after mixing, are mib- other roofing or lining material.
Use Green Island Cement
for
Constructural Work of
Every Description.
HOW GREEN ISLAN CEMENT IS MADE
Green Island Cement is manufactured from hard limestone and clay. It is necessary that these materials should be finely ground in order that they may come into intimate contact with one another in the burning process.
" The finely pulverised materials are mixed in a certain definite proportion, roughly one part of clay to three of limestone, and are fed to the Rotary Kilns.
In these kilns they meet the hot gases and flames generated by pulverised coal blown in at the other end of the kilns, and after various chemical actions have taken place, they combine to form Portland Cement, Clinker.
The Olinker is ground down with a small percentage of "gypsum to regulate the setting time, and Green Island Portland Cement is thus produced.
Although sounding so simple, in reality the process is an intricate combination of mechanical, physical and chemical operatione, needing great skill and care. Nothing but constant and accurate supervision will yield the results so well-known with Green Island Cement, namely, strength, uniformity and reliability.
USE GREEN ISLAND CEMENT
Issued by the
GREEN ISLAND CEMENT CO.
230
GOOR,
EXCHANGE BUILDING.
LTD.
14