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155, ÎN DORMAN LONG P416
HONG KONG DAILY PRESS, SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 7, 1931.
ENGINEERING AND BUILDING
AN ARCHITECT IN PRAISE OF GAS.
ITS PART-IN-MODERN
· HOME-PLANNING!
SOLVING THE SOOT
PROBLEM.
SIR BANISTER FLETCHER'S
LECTURE..
The British Commercial Gas siation held its twentieth annual conference at Exoter last month under the presidency of Mr. John E. Daw, chairman of the Exeter Cealight and Coke Company.
tects, on architecture ae a 'demo- cratic art was read in his absence:).
mense schemes-of-town-planning which would have bon inconceiv ablu bofore the war. The Great Fire, which left half of London in rming, gavo Sir Christopher Wren- | the opportunity of putting his de agne into practice; the housing needs of the prosent day, if the
TUNNEL UNDER THE HOOGHLY AT QALCUTTA,
PROBLEM OF ELECTRICAL
SUPPLY SOLVED.
BIG DOCK FOR BIG THE WEAR OF CAST IRO
RECLAIMING BELOF RIVER.
Southampton's gross dock uxton sian sohemu-is-progressing rapidly, but several years: will puss before the scheme is completed.
As a result of extensive reclama tion work the area of the town and
INTERESTING RESEARCH WORK IN GERMANY.
An interesting survey of recent work on the wear of cast iron le contained in a Bulletin lately issued by the British Gust-Iron Research Association, 24, St Paul's-Square.
· [port will then be increased by 415 Birmingham. It is therem stated Acres. More than 40 abres of what that many opinions have boon put was the bed of the River Tast have forward regarding the infuence of boon converted into dry land upon
erected Work or the construc- held that the network formation of which factories and warehouse will phosphorus, on wear. It has been tien of the now quay wall is going the phosphide eutectic in good an- shoad, and the first section of the gineering cast irons results on a monoliths, each weighing several bearing-metal type of wearing sus- work, involving the sinking of 78 thousand tong, is pretionlly com face, in which the hard phosphide the softer matrix wears away, add, notwork stands out im relief and
with the particles of graphite, forma
pleto:
a lubricant.
Wear Decreased by Óne-Half. Teata made in Germany by Klingenstein, using a brake-drumm type of apparatus, showed that, in the case of the ferritic irons tested woar was decreased by about one halt when the phosphorus was in creased from 0.95 per cent. to 0.7 Further increase in por coat phosphorus, however, did not give
pearlitic series employed, the initial
The Calcutta Electric Supply parallel is not too exaggerated, Corporation," Limited, have long afford us a similar chance of profit been faced with the growing diff ing by the mistakes of the past culty of providing electrical energy They put a responsibility on the for the important residential and industrial area in the South of whole community."
Alluding to the mistakes made in Howrah, on the right bank of the extend from the Royal Pier to Eventually the quay wall will the past, Sir Banister said it was river Hooghly. The load is rapid Millbrook, a distance of 7,300 feet Assocouraging to see to-day such proofly increasing, and though the Cor- deep water accommodation will be of strong public feeling in this mat-poration has à modern station at provided alongside the quays for ier as was shown by the letter of Garden Reach on the left bank of the largest linera aflost or pro
jected.
Now Graving Dočk. Sir William Llewellyn to the Prime the river, the problem has been to get its cables to the other side. The Minister, miggesting that meh of river at this point is frequented by Work has not yet begun on the artistic vision and experience should ocean-going steamers, and cables second section of the new deep, be consulted by the local authoriinid in the bed of the river ars water quay wall, but well over 1,000 A paper prepared by Sir Baniüter
liable to be damaged by ships an-foot of the reclamation bank, into Fletcher, a past president of the ties, not only on the elevation of cisors. The problem could be solved which 70 additional monolithi will
have to be sunk, has been made on either by building a new and ex- buildings, but on all matters Royal Instituto of British Archi-which planning would affect the Howrah or by taking current from 1,000 feet berth, will be ready for additional improvement. With the
pensive generating station in It is anticipated that the first
looks of a particular region.
the left bank through some form of the big ships by next spring. The real worth of any archi- tunnel under the river. As a ra A start has been made with the “wear" of the "lowphosphorus irons"
task of preparing the site of the was about one-half of that of the course was decided upon and a con- the largest in the world: The dock content, and there was no appre H. Dalrymple Hay, the latter now graving dock, which will be ferritic irons of similar phosphorus tract for the construction of a tun-muat be ready, according to con- ciable reduction in war until the was an expression of the ideas and
nel placed with Mesurs. John Coch- tract, in time to receive the new phosphorus content reached from 1.3 rane and Sons, Limited, Victoria-3,000 tons Cunarder when she is per cent. to 1.4 per cent, when a for every one to sec. That be
street, London, S.W.1.
delivered in the autumn of 1938. decrease in wese di akout 25 per- added, "is why Bishop Creighton
Work was commenced in Decent entrance.
The new dry dock will be 1,200 cent was obtained. Two Italian First of Its Type in East.
fect in length and 135 feet wide at investigators, Musettä and Calbiani
have carried out testa, on an Amsler" said that architecture is the most placed upon the modern architect ber. 1929, and information has re- One and a quarter million tons rolling, friction machine with cast democratio of the arts. It goes
cently been received that the tunnel, of matorial will hava to be excavat irons containing molybdenum, sod literally into the market place. It in this age of dubious peace and which was driven from the lafted in the making of the dry dock have showed that additions of 1.5 indubitable poverty is the need for bank, has reached the shaff on the and already substantial progress per cent. of molybdenum give a re- is for everybody, and rich and
rigid economy, I do not mesa Howrah "side. The river is only has been made.
markably increased wear resistance. alike may enjoy it.'
economy merely in respect, of build-one-third of a mile at this point, but it has never been tunnelled ing costs and material, though that before. It is stated that this is the first shiold-driven iron-lined tunnel is of, the first importance.
ever constructed under Fr great -tidal river in the East. · British supervision was provided through- out, but Indian labour alone was. employed. The crown of the tunnel is 30 ft. below the bed of the doopest part of the rivm, and 15ft. below the level of the deepest known
cessful architecture,, said the writer,
by Mr. H. Austen Hall, the Associatect's work," he proceeded, "desult of consultation with Mr. H. tion's consulting architect. All sue pends on the success of bis attempts
to meet the fresh needs and difficul ties of his time. This is more than ever true to-day, when social habits ty. The most obvious limitation are changing with astonishing rapi-"
aspirations of its time and country
poor
* I agree with that saying, but I think there is another sense in which architecture to-day may be regarded as a democratio art. It is true that any labourer of esthetic inclinations can look on St. Paul's; without stint, but if he is forced to
The Use of Gas,
The architect of to-day, whether ho uses the older materials or ex
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BeOur
live in a squalid alum he will prob- periments with houses and streets ably reflect that the pleasures of of ferro-concrete or cement, must architecture are strictly limited. I plan those houses so that they' can' think that architecture as an ex-be run at the lowest possible ex- pression of true democracy must be penso and with a minimum of deliving which were enjoyed by the found in the homes of the people,
mestic drudgery. The secret of wealthier Cretan nearly three, thoug and especially of the townspeople, labour-saving from the architect's sand years ago. The Palace of King Minos at Kuonаon brought to light Fas the spread of education and the point of view is to be found not in by: the work of modern excavatora | improvement of material conditions the provision of so-called labour was found to be complete with bath,. make them discontented with the saving devices, but in the eliming dressing-room, and plumbing. ugliness of our meaner streets. It tion of the need for work. That is spacó from Knossos to Dagenham,
is the concern of the architect to- day to see that not only the stately homes of England but her cottages and tenements as well should show the influence of the fine English tradition in domestic architecture.
The post-war housing shortage, the general demand for small and easily managed homes, and the southward movement of industry which is a feature of our times have led to im- 1
It is a long stride in time and
a"vital problem to be considered in but we have realised at last the fact the scheming of a modern house, that baths and hot water are no longer a luxury but a positive ncces. large or small. If the rooms of sity in the smallest house. There is house are not intelligently planned rapidly growing a tendency to adve in relation to cach other and to the the hot water problem in housing schemes by the installation of gna stairs and landings, half the advan water-henters combined with hot- tage of modern inventions will be water storage tanks. This method loat. Next in importance to sen- is perfectly economical, for a ther- sible room-planning, the main farestat is provided which automati
cally reduces the gas consumption tors which have lightened the when sufficient water is heated."
labours of the house-wife are up-to- date beating and cooking arrange. meats and the effective solution of the hot-water problem."
Destructive Smoke.
there
The Architects' Chance. "As in the past ten years, there will for some time to come be great opportunities for the domestic ar: Eliteet to erect houses which, while
Finally said the lecturer, they are thoroughly modern in point
The paper then went on to discuss is che further aspect in which the of labour saving, the hygiene, do not in some detail how far the use of application of modern fuel to the detract from the pleasantness of the gas met these needs. The use of new housing estates is of intense in- region in which they are set, but gas, he argued, could effect econo-terest to every architect. The im- add something to its natural beauty.ies in building costs and increase portance of diminishing and, as soon
the internal conveniences of the as possible, abolishing the produc house." It is a strange commen- tion of smoke from dwelling-houses tary on the fluctuations of civilis-everywhere, but especially in large tion," he said, "that we are only urban areas, can hardly be esag new extending to all classes of the gorated. It is the Larry smoke from community the facilities for good domestic fire-places where raw coal (Continued on next Column.) is burnt that defaces our great buildings and runs the public works authorities into vast sums, for main, tenance every year. In one year alone it was calculated that the soot and acid in the London air in- volved the county in un expenditure of about £1,000,000 for the repair work that was necessary on Guvern- ment buildingwalone. The noxious amoko from ton) fires damages per- manent structures of every kind: it corrodes cast-iron fittings such as rainwater pipes, gutters and soil pipes; slate and tile roofing, zing autters, paintwork, and nuasonry, all deteriorate in a soot-laden tauox- phore.
Steel Frame Buildings
All steel produced by Dorman Long & Co., Ltd., is of British manufacture throughout, from the Company's own raw mater« HE ials, the total output capacity being 1,750,000 tons per annuin," chiefly in the form of “sections," plates and mila.
The Company has facilities for dealing with all kinds of con- structional steelwork including the steel framer of modern buildings, factories, warebouser and power stations.
The illustration shows Sassoon House, Shanghai, designed by Meaara. Palmer and Turner, for which Dorman Long supplied the steelwork.
Dorman Long & Co., Ltd., Middlesbrough & London.
'
Many people perhaps most people, in England ure indifferent to the claims of fine architectura mainly because they have long been inured to ugliness in their own dwellings. When we speak of the man in the street we think naturally of the man in the main street. Wa can hardly wonder that in the past the efforts to dispel the snake pall from our town by an appeal to the citizens' sense of beauty and hy giens have met with little sueCOBO, hit times are changing. Indisput able gures have shown that the lightening of the sootfall in our great towns has coincided with the increasing use of smokeless fuel in the house. The demand for more comfortable homes brings with it a pride in the appearance of those homes and an unwillingness that they should be blotched and scarred. by the smoke of citira Wher it is generally realised that smokeless fuel in its' ganeous form is also th most convenient and economichl we shall have won the victory over the curse of nioke."
Use Green Island Cement
for
Constructural Work of
Every Description.
HOW GREEN ISLAND CEMENT IS MADE
Green Island Cement is manufactured from hard limestone and clay. It is necessary that these materials should be finely ground in order that they may come into intimate contact with one another in the burning process.
The finely pulverised materials are mixed in a certain definite proportion, roughly one part of clay to three of limestone, and are fed to the Rotary Kilns.
In these kilns they meet the hot gases and flames generated by pulverised coal blown in at the other end of the kilns, and after various chemical actions have taken place, they combine to form Portland Cement Clinker.
The Clinker is ground down with a small percentage of gypsum to regulate the setting time, and Green Island Portland Cement is thus produced.
Although sounding so simple, in reality the process is an intricate combination of mechanical, physical and chemical operatione, needing great skill and care. Nothing but constant and accurate supervision will yield the results well-known with Green Island Cement, namely, strength, uniformity and reliability.
USE GREEN ISLAND
Issued by the
CEMENT
GREEN ISLAND CEMENT CO., LTD.
2ND FLOOR,
'EXCHANGE BUILDING"