Use Green Island Cement
for
Constructural Work of Every Description.
HOW GREEN ISLAND CEMENT IS MADE
Green Island Cement is manufactured from hard limestone and clay. It is necessary that these materia
should be finely ground in order materials that they may come into intimate contact with one another in the burning process
The finely pulverised materials are mixed in a certain definite proportion, roughly one part of clay to three of limestone, and are fed to. the Rotary Kilns.
In these kilns they meet the hot gases and flames generated by pulverised coal blown in at the other end of the kilos, and after various chemical actions have taken place, they combine to form Portland Cement Clinker.
The Clinker is ground down with a small- percentage of gypsum to regulate the setting time, and Green Island Portland Cement is thus produced.
Although sounding so simple, in reality the process is an intricate combination of mechanical, physical and chemical operations, needing great skill and care. Nothing but constant and accurate supervision will yield the results BO well-known with Green Island Cement, namely, strength, uniformity and reliability.
USE GREEN ISLAND CEMENT
Issued by the
GREEN ISLAND CEMENT CO., LTD.
2ND FLOOR,
EXCHANGE BUILDING.
HONG KONG DAILY PRESS, SATURDAY, AUGUST 29, 1931.
ENGINEERING AND BUILDING
STEAM SAVED ENGLAND ONCE: * ELECTRICITY WILL DO SO NOW!
HOW THE GRID WILL IMPROVE THE SITUATION.
GREAT ENGINEER ON A MAGNIFICENT CHANCE.
Sir Josiah Stamp, chief of the LM.S., recently doubted whet thor British railways would, gain an adequate return from main line electrification.
Sir Philip Nash vigorously combate this view. Sir Philip waa Inspector general of Transport during the war,, and is now chair. mon of the Metropolitan-Vickers Electrical Company.
..
Unlimited Cheap Power, To-day our railways are up against a wholly modern competi tor, namely, road trafic, which utilizes permanent ways which have beon provided largely at the public But expense. The railways need, and must have, modern weapons to meet thie attack, and the most effective weapon that I know of is, without doubt, the adoption of electricity as ' method of haulage instead of ateam.
I feel, writes Sir Philip Nash in the Evening Standard, that the decline in railway traffics and the fall in railway stocks from their"
· previous" "high" position of suro dividend earners is a tragedy
from
the national as well as the railway. point of view, and, I am both amared' and 'disheartened at the indifference, which appears to me to exist in the public mind, to the gonurni. condition of the railways. The public seem to assume an al- most fatalistic attitude" to the do-
cline.
of z great and essential in dustry in this country. This gen- oral-attitude of the public-is-all-|- the more extraordinary 'when the
demand on all sides for big unterprises which will act like a tonic to the country and help it to recover from...ita... general : de' pressed condition.
In our railways I claim
We have a magnificent chance of doing something on a national scale which will not only improve the efficiency of railway transport but which will help to relieve unemployment and which will stimulate indus try as a wholb.
is
a
The public are already familiar. with the benefits of electrification of suburban lines around London and in. other places in this coun
ledge:
+
My own conviction, as a railway* man, is that electrification is the only, answer to the continued dec line of main line traffies. "Lord Woir, who presided over the Committeo which has just is fed the Report on Main Electrification, was also the Chair-
We tend much in these days about "the electric age," "the all- electric home," rural electrification and so on. The realisation of these ideais dsponds upon chony electricity, and in turn depends on the volume of business done by the Grid.
BRITISH MACHINE
TOOLS.
STUB LATHE FOR PISTON
**TURNING.
IRON AND STEEL
PROTECTIVE COATINGS.
There are numerous examples of) ferrous parts for which some type of protection from corrosion is not Herbort Hunt & Sons, Elsinore only desirable but ossonial prior Road, Old Trafford, Manchester, to assembly in instrument and other. recently constructed a Stub Lathe similar work. For this protection for the rapid production of motor both, zing and onduium have been cycle and motor car pistons. The applied as electro-deposited coat- box construction of bad, which is ings, and considerablo discussion well-ribbed internally provides has centred round their efficiencies. much greater rigidity when machin.
Both metals are readily deposited ing than possible with the ordinary electrolytically, zine from either There is consequently a sense in type of lathe bed. The lathe hat which the industrial power user, front and rear tool sides, the and the cadmium, from the cyando the sulphate or the cyanide solution, the householder, the farmer, and saddle for the former being mounttion alone. As regards zing, everybody else aro interested in ed on Valides at the front on the the prospect of the railways fol- by the usund automatic lathe form clean, nearly white deposit, but the top of the bed, and is operated work is generally dealt with be the sulphate solution, which gives a lowing the example of other in-of, cam, The rear tool alido is
lack of penetration of the deposit dustries and converting themselves, mounted on a cross slide secured into trebosies makes it unsuited to from steam into electrical opera to the top of the bed at the year, work of irregular shape. In such
tiona
-Duty' of
away Companies, Ali railway companies who have adopted electrical haulage on their suburban services will admit that they have reaped a beneft. The
and this is fed in and withdrawn | 20
by means of a cam, Cain platen toss the evanido salution is used.
nit the individual job are neces
sary.
Independent hand adjustment is provided for both the tool slides for making fine adjustments of the tools, the latter being mounted in scope for increased trafle on the steel blocks. The machine is de main lines is not, of course, so signed so that the slides carrying the tools will traverso and return great as on suburban lines, but
to their original position when the electrically operated main time oor-machine stops for reloading. It is of increasing also arranged so that the slides the "through speed at which will traverts, knock-off at the end.
of the cut, and then stop. traffic can be handled without ́nc-}"
vices aro a means
4.
hand
Cadmium is deposited wholly from cyanide solutions, which give deposits of pleasing finish and pene- trating into the deepest reccases, The subsequently behaviour of these deposits towards corroding media, however, is the determining factor.
Very Varied Conditions. On this problem of corrosion simpla pronouncement of a sweep- ing nature can seldom be made, corrosive conditions being subject vide variations as regards, atmos- phere, temperature changes, the Dhysical nature of the deposit, and the chemical characteristics of the deposited metal.
Formerly there was a tendency to attach too much value to the chemical nature of the metallic coating. While this is admittedly important, the nature of atmosphere and the properties of the films attack often lead to results which formed in the early stages of the
would not be readily deduced from the known electro-chemical charac- teristicn of the metals
The machines Atted with fast cessarily increasing the maximum and loose pulley for direct driving speed, and thus the provision of from a lineshaft. Two speed-cone speedier and more frequent ser changes of spindle speed at pro- divided. "The hardened steel spindle try. They have seen these services, thus available, should en
has a cogiend front bearing, the vices improved out of all know able, the railway companies to refront end being 38 inches diameter cover much of the traffics they have and the length 41 inches. The lost to the roads, and this applies spindle is hollow and fitted with a to both goods and passenger traffic, out and atted with a cone spigot, draw-in bolt, and the nose is bored Electrification should not be regard.which is interchangeable for the ed merely as an alternative means various diameters of pistons. Slip of operating existing traffics, but on change gears are provided for as new method of guiuing traffic. I varying the rate of feed to the For effective protection, such de
There is a widespread iden that too) slides, and the slides can be posits should completely envelop railways in other countries are bet. hand operated for setting up pur the metal and should, therefore, be tor: suited to "electrical working poses. Adjustment is provided for free from porosity, Ferosity is fu than our own railways! In most taking up the wear in the various failure in the deposition process, enses abroad electrically operated slides, all the bourings are bushed, while porforation is frequently the main line railways are on long and the cams are fitted with double result of manufacturing operations routes with many stretches on ball thrust bearings and service. £170, which there is little traffic. Under of very heavy gradients and long and the labricant. A separate pear to lie with cadmium, owing to such conditions it is the existence ranged for receiving the cuttings R tunnels that makes electric haus- chamber is provided for the pump its closer association, with iron, age definitely superior to stram. and a suitable altering arrangement hand, we have a network of lines before it is used over again.
In Great Britain, on the other deals with the cutting compound
Railway main line electrification, man of the Committee which is res as set forth in the Weir, Heport,ponsible for the creation of In in itself a paying proposition, truly nationa! supply of electricity and is not simply a “make work",
in the country. schome, but is put forward" as, a well-founded plän of economie „re construction.
Under the Central Electricity Board, which was set up as the re- Our railways are to-day workingsult of Lord Weir's previous com essentially an exactly the same sys.
dred years ago.
tem of haulage as they did a hun-mittee, all efficient power stations in the country are, or will be, link- ed together, and will supply power to a vast network of mains which we know
COLORCRETE
ANTI-GLARE
COLOURED
SNOWCRETE WHITE
FERROCRETE
MAGLAYOUT As dont devenir !
RAPID HARDENING
PORTLAND CEMENT
BOLE AGENTS —
STOCKS C.
DODWELL & CO., LTD.
QUEEN'S BUILDING
PHONE 2802)
HONG KONG
with a great deal of short haulage inter-connecting traffic between
The base of the maching Je are 340 Protective Prod ap-
While the advantage
populous centres. The Weir Re- CEMENT PROBLEMS. to products on zinc which are re-
port, in fact, points out that the density of traffic on our main lines is only slightly less than that on typical suburban lines. The gan oral conditions calling for fre quent and quick traffic are, there fore, unusually favourable for elec trification.
Enterprise Needed,
SAND AND DUST.
Concrete is now one of the most important materiale, used by the civil engineer, as it enters, some. times in a small but more often in a large way, into practically every thing he has to do. Regarding it, one of the more obvious facta is that it cannot be obtained, as can most other things, prepared to a standard specification, it has to be of the problem. It is true that made from its constituents on the main line electrification will an site of the works where it is to be yolve something over £250,000,000, used.
In conclusion, I would say that we need to have enough breadth of vision not to be unduly, jadu enced by the appaiant magnitude
which occasions less loss by what is-called sacrificial corrosion, ex- posure under outdoor conditions, on the other hand, appears to give rise
latively permanent and, therefore, in themselves, protective. The pro- ducts formed on cadmium by out- door exposure are more soluble thin those on zinc, and are, therefore, more easily washed away, which leads to the general reduction of ` the thickness of the conting
The problem is thus not a simple, one. It is, however, engaging the. attention of research workers in the
field of corrosion, with a view to the protection of coating elec
the needs of industry. trolytically which shall amply meet
as the Grid, The existence of the Grid places at the disposal of the railway com- panies a practically unlimited source of cheap electricity, and thus the railway 'companies are able, for the first time to deal with the question of main line electri fication as a whole and on much more favourable terme than would have been possible if each railway had to provide its own power sta tion and transmission mains
Benets in Your Home. In fact, the
existence of the bus this sum will be spread over, Prof. F. E. Hummel, Dean of the Some kinds of impurities did not chemical reactions might be set up. Grid will put Gront Britain in a Bay, twenty years, and when wo Faculty of Engineering,Queen's appear to be harmful, and in any good position as any country panse and think that our annual University, Belfast, has pointed enes the distribution of the im whith is Jiberally supplied with expenditure on roads le about out, speaking before the Institution parity made all the difference; If water power. The notion that elec£00,000,000 per annum, the former of Municipal and County Engineers, in compact fragments, it might tricity made from water power sum is rot an excersive amount to that where concrete is concerned, have little or no effect." costs nothing is popular delusion.pend on the reconstruction on the engineer has, over and above One question that is frequently If we can generate electricity from modern lines of our essential rail the problem of design and construc arising in connection with the mix- cur coal on a big enough scale in way aystem.otion, the responsibility of making ing of concrete is that of the effect this country, we shall be at no To my mind it represents pre- the material itself and of making it of extremely fine particles of inert disadvantage with other countries cisely the type of enterprise that to some predetermined standard.material, by which is meant parti- in, regard to the supply of cheap the country is looking for. We are electricity. What we need in that suffering from the same sort of ex- electricity shall be freely used for. haustion a all purposes, or, in other words, that the demand shall be big oncugh to justify generating a very large scale.
on
I have shown that the existence
of the Grid has introduced a new and promiting feature into the railway electrification problem, and
as the country I felt after
Impurities
He said that one of the conclu
the Napoleonic wars. At that time sions at which he had arrived was
the invention of the steam engine that and was responsible for
oler that can be classed as dust,
as well as particles, forming an im- palpable powder of a hard, wäert type
In general, he remarked, this
1.1...
and its application to transport 8ood many concrete failures. Bo came to our rescue, and was large for as inorganic matter, in the form adeant that morn water was necess y responsible for industrial roof silt loam, or clay'was concern: Bary to get a mix of the same work viyal in the world, in
ed, it did not appear to be harm ability, and therefore it was nos
To-day we can call electricity to ful if the quantity present in the economical, If the dust. occurred an our aid in much the same way, and sand did not exceed 2 or at most an adherent coating on the grains s at the same time it links up rail if we are bold enough, showing 3 percent 0 HASANDO Asgregate. it was de
lectrification with the pro- the same spirit-
of railway Where organic matter was pre
WAY
gress of cheap alsctricity allandanddetris proneers of the sent, the case was alfferent, as it other industries and the general past, aa!! achieve unifar was always difficult to find out what
(Opptinued on nert Oplum)
public
Ginitely harmful. It appeared to prevent the adhesion and contact of the cement and gram, and anyone
Tatter could, often be rubbed. the set materiali,