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HONG KONG DAILY PRESS, WEDNESDAY, JULY 1, 1931.
AIRWAYS AND AVIATION.
BRITISH FLYING NEWS.
THE LAND CATAPULT
"DEVICE.
Tremendous gossibilities in ex tending the use of aeroplanes over- difficult country, where adequate are inherent in the land catapult dovics which was demonstrated for
500 M.P.H. SEVEN
MILES UP.
FRENCH ACE'S" VISION.
FUTURE ATLANTIC TRAVEL.
AIR WARFARE IN THE FUTURE.
WORK AT THE STAFF
COLLEGE,
The Royal Air Force Staff College at Andover was established nine
STRANGE COLONY IN SUSSEX.
FUNERALS WELCOMED BY COKLERS.
The strangest religious commun- ity in the world has its home in a remote corner of SusBOX.
The members wear early Victor. iun clothes," regard marriages with gloom and funcrala with gladness, and recognize no other intercat in life outside their daily work and the observances of the most austere
aerodromo space cannot be found, pilote, Captain Dieudane Costes, years ago, and has seen important religious principles.
Establishment, Farnborough,
Croydon. The greatest of French
writes Major F. A. Robertson in the Manchester Guardian, received great welcome at Croydon when
COMMERCIAL AVIATION.
(Continued from Page 1.)
Our
And look at the result! military manufacturers are doing a very satisfactory trade "with"- R.A.F. and foreign Governments. Their successes have been largely reported in the Press, and the general public, failing to appreciate the difference between military and commercial aircraft, have been led to believe that we are in ́a" satis. factory position as far as commer cial aircraft goes."
Nothing is further from the
developments in aircraft, writes
Every Sunday and Bank Holiday Major C. C. Turner in the London Daily Telegraph. In that short they close the shops they own, even
aide petrol pumps. Thus, while the light aeroplane, and possibly large
mercial aircraft comparable with the billside behind the village, with those of Gormany, Holland, and
intervals for meals and sleep.
Amorica. This may sound a sweep
Officially the name of this coming assertion, but close investiga munity is "The Church of the De- tion will bear it out, and the coun pondenta," but everyone in that try is entitled to know why, if we part of England calls them
Coklera.'
the first time at the Royal Aircra he flew over from Paris in a twins period, it may be said, the speed shutting off the taps of their road truth! With the exception of the The apparatus hurled a big twin.agined Liore et Olivier aeroplane of the Air Service, has increased rest of the world is making holiday Aying-boats, we have no other comp engined Vickers Virginia " night of the Prench Air Union's Rayon from 150 to 200 miles per how they worship in a little chapel on bomber, weighing more than seven ervice. He was welcomed and in all other details of per tong into the air in three seconds on landing by Mr. Montague, Un- formanse there has ken improve after a forward run of about 100 dor Secretary for Air and by the ment
French Ambassador. feet, as compared with the usual
Speaking at a lunch in the Acro take-off run of this kind of aircraftdrome Hotel, Captain Costes had of between 900 and 1,000 foot. What some interesting, things to say. He this means in the operation of big excused his Atlantic flights and war and civil aeroplanes from re-his great straightline flights by stricted spaces is sufficiently openying that the stunt" flights of parent from the figures; it is not to-day are the regular services of too much to any that this inoderu to-morrow. He instanced the first catapult-the latest form of aight across the Channel by M. method of propulsion used in war-
Blerict, which szemed a perilous fure more than twenty centuries achievement at the time, whereas ago-may result in a complete re now wowe Croydon and Le Bour. "vision of ideas governing aerial co-operation in mobile war opera- tions and, though air travellers are
At the present time such new fac tore as the employment of catapult ing apparatus for launching land aeroplanes, and the certap curly adoption of heavy oil engines» for" long-range craft, demand attention, whilst mechanisation in the Army has its reactions on Air Force co operation
Outwardly, when I visited the get joined twenty times a day by ¦ Staff College the other day, it socI-, regular air traffic. Therefore, he
"
How this name originated is not, studied the clear. People who have's history of the sect say that it is a corruption of eacon drinkers the name given to the members when they began as a temperance move
ment 75 years ago.
are..
so far ahend in military air- craft, we are so far behind in come mercial types.---
The R.A.F. Policy.
First, the demand for commercial aircraft in this country. has beer very limited and restricted to ong operating company, who have pur sued an understandable policy of
unlikely to submit to the terrifi concluded, there was no reason whyed there had been little change in The members live in a world of patronising one manufacturer and neceleration of the catapult launch there should not eventually boa nine years. It may be noted, how their own. They deny themselves; no
one else. Consequently the that there are new ten call luxuries, sport, and amusement. home demand for commercial air through the course, which lasts the
there is no reason why mail planes should not be catapulted into the
ever,
was found necessary to reduce the working hours; which were so
reading is the Scriptures.
Shingled, hair, powder puffs and lip sticks, short skirts and other
mercial aircraft operating in out. dominions and colonies is steadily increasing, and, unfortunately, the
Fegular air service across the At lantic, and he suggested that the air along routes whore aerodrome problems of this service would be cers from the Dominions going Theatres, cinemas, even wireless,.craft has been practically neglig
scived by neroplanes flying seven space is difficult to find and costly milca high at a speed of 400 to 500 inside of a year, Recently, too, it are unknown to them. Their only. ible. But the numbers of com to prepare.
The apparatus is operated by m.p.h, with passengers enclosed in compressed air, the motors revolyan airtight cabin. He may be ing a drum, round which is a cable. right, but I wonder how long it cf aeroplane, which only realised its efficiency when at its proper height; to climb up to an altitude And we must still of seven miles ask what would happen if an eo- gine failed in mid-Atlantic, and
long
This cable is led to a pulley in the would take for that special type and arduous that efficency suffer changes in fashion mean nothing to trade is going to foreign manufac
ground placed some distance in front of the apparatus and thence back to an attachment under the aeroplane. Immediately the drum begins to turn the aeroplane is pulled forward, running on the
trolley. At the end of the run the engine with its fuel becomnes
&
ed Under slightly less severe dou
mands it is found th. students do
letter work..
The Staff College now has AIT
pass the school-girl age they adopt the sort of costume our great grandmothers wore, long skirts of
their women folk. As soon as they
Air Ministry in placing contract) for R.A.F. machines has had, thị effect of encouraging aircraft manu
turers. Secondly, the policy of the
wheels of its own undercarriage also how the problem of pay load emblem and a motto, the Hawk cfblack or dark blue, and a tightly facturers to build military aircraft, and with the tail supported in the plus fuel supply is to bo solved. Horus and the words isutfitting bodice buttoning high in the and nothing else. Practically every correct flying attitude on a wheeled The extra weight of a superfluoussu." The hawk, copied from neck. Their hair is plaited and manufahturer in this country builds machine, now moving at spoedgraver factor when flying in rare ancient Egyptian art, stands with rolled in a 'bun' beneath a small with one notable and satisfactor sufficient to make it air-borne, ified air than when flying at a few folded wings. The motto meals straw bonnet. M. A exception) military aircraft exclu released automatically from the thousand feet and even then it is "By vision and effort." A pún cable hooks and the tail trolley and gr enough. flies off under its own power, the. engines being opened to full throttle before the run begins
.
is made by the use of a word based on nisus, which means also a sparrow-hawk.
The R.A.F. Staff College, every year since its foundation has been able to study the minor Air Force operations going un parts of the world, and although in no case since the Great War
in various
The men, too, dress soberly in dark colours of homespun cloth.
Among the staunchest adherents the spinster is esteemed more than the married woman. Marriages are not frequent. Sussex remembers only: ono Cokier's wedding in the
past four years.
Births are not hailed as occasions for special rejoicing. But death,
Another maxim of Captain Costes was that "Speed is the only "16,000 H.P!
commodity which an air liner hus tc. sell," and that everything ex- Only three seconds are needed to erpt safety must be nubordinated accelerate a big machine, weighing to speed. This maxim cannot be up to ten tons, from rest to about accepted without some, qualifica sixty miles an hour, the compressed tion. The very successful air ines air motors speeding up in that brief of Australia soll speed in a sense, space of time from rest to 2,600 for the aeroplane, however slow it of revolution the power developed steamer, which on many of the by the motors, which individually routes is the only alternative. But vices, there is continual provision higher life, is approached with are no larger than a big round the chief thing which the Austra
gladness. 'cushion, is no less than 4,000 Evenian nirways sell is cheapness of of new practical data from the
When one of the brethren dies this immense power is far below transport. Railways from Perth to outskirts of the Empire. For the there is no mourning and no flow the maximum; actually each of the Wyndham and from Charleville to rest, the air exercises now held two motors employed in the ap- Daly Waters would be impossibly
sively and mostly for the R.A.F In order to keep the whole industry busy, the Air Ministry spread the contracts over as wide a range of manufacturers as possible.
1 ..
The result is that the aircraft industry looked to the Air Minists
military contracts for their brea and butter, the jam' being provide. by occasional highly lucrative for ing, they have little inducement t eign contracts. Generally speak
it is difficult for two types of air
revolutions a minute. At that rate may be, is faster than a coasting has there.been a big conflict betwet representing the birth into the develop the commercial side, and
two countries' possessing air ser
craft to be satisfactorily built the same factory, as different off ganisations are needed. We, there fore, arrive at a state of affairs in which the aircraft industry is kept military contracts.
paratus demonstrated last week can expensive. Airways need only a annually in this country informers, nor is a heudstone set up above alive by tho Air Ministry with its
produce in the space of a few
seconds up to 8,000 horsepower..
The effect of sudden application of such enormous power is awe-
and are informed by the Staff the Brave in the cemetery behind College.
moderate subsidy to enable them to earn a profit on those routes. For air mails, as apart from pas
Air warfare, however, 'is no senger services, spend is of the. inspiring. The aeroplane is literal. greatest importance, as Glen Kid more than twenty years old, and ly thrown into the air like a stone ston emphasised and as the Air the Great War came to an end hurled by a giant, and before the Ministry realists. Speed, too, is anaccustomed unlooker realises that important which airways are in just when the air arm was begin. the launch has taken place the ecmpetition with railways, and ning. to manifest vital importance bomber is aloft hundreds of yards doubtless that was what Captain and power. Lessons of that struggle away, the car-apitting roar of the Costes had in mind. But if, as compressed air motora, sounding the Inspector General of the Air romain, but as regards air warfare like a salvo of artillery, succeeded Union, he endeavours to increase we seem to have lived a generation by the diminishing hum of the flying speed at too great a sneriainee 1018. Neither at Greenwich aeroplane engines. From the exfice of the comfort of passengers hausts of the motors tall pillars of is not probable that the booking mingled air and oil, the air con-lists will be materially swelled by gealing on expansion from the ter- such a policy. rific internal pressure, stream up- wards
*
Steam and cordite may also be
it
nor at Camberley, great as are the changes in progress in the Navy and the Army, are there greater developments to study than at Andover.
The sourse at Andover is dovis
used in the motors instead of com- marine racers which promise to sur- pressed air. It is estimated that at pass in speed all earlier British the moment of launching the pull aeroplanes. Should there new ma-ed, firstly, to train officers in staff on the catapult is equal to twenty chines realise the speeds expected of tone. Secure anchorage is, there them they are certain to make two fore, essential, but the inventore out of the British team of three have prepared plans to make the machines that will defend the entire device completely mobile, so Trophy against the challenges of that it can be included in the France and Italy. equipment of an army on the move.
SCHNEIDER TRAINING.
LONDON-COPENHAGEN-- LONDON.
the chapel.
Some of the old plople in Sussex remember when the deetrine of the Dependents began to spread in that
part of England,
In an effort to force the air craft manufacturer to build com mercial aircraft, I should like to see a clause in every Government military, contract, to the effect that the manufacturer had to produce It started when John Sirgood commercial aircraft. Such a stipu
a certain percentage production of gave up cobbling in Clapham and lation would give them an incentive migrated to Sussex. There he to progress on the sivil aviation preached in the chapel at Loxwood side as well as on the military.. and in the neighbouring hamlets. Soon he had gathered round him a large band of followers.
Now Loxwood, an old-world village, five miles from the nearest railway station, is the headquarters of the movement, Here the De pondents run their own farm and a large store, supplying everything from groceries to petrol.
duties, both in peace and war; so condly, to afford a general educa tion which will serye, as a sound foundation for. the building up of a very big part, Accidcats and a school of thought in the RAF their bearing cu operations, forma and the air services of the tiens in flight and their value, Dominions.
bombing methods, and the calcula. Candidates enter after passing ation of anticipated results of a qualifying examination, and then given hombing operation, chemica:
Wanted Practical Control.
The future of air transport cannot be denied. Its ultimate importance phasising to anyone of vision. Us to the British Empire needs no emê.
fortunately, due to the impractic ability of internal aviation in m small island like Great Britain, many of us cannot see the rasti possibilities of aircraft on the great Imperial routes to our Dominions and Colonies.The future for com mercullying is nevertheless, im mense, and the greater the pros, gress in aircraft, engines and acces sory design, the greater will be the development of Imperial air com munications. Alas, the Dutch, Ger mans and Americans his 80 ahead of Great Britain in com cial aircraft that they are ge The blue and silver monoplaną,
grip on the world'x.” N.247, winner of the 1920 contest Mr. T. Neville Stack, once more for the Schneider Trophy and hold accompanied by Mr. J. R. Chaplin,
markets, which it will be er of the world's spoed record of has established another record for by selection. They are of all warfare, railway organisation, and shake off in days to come.
In this statement T am bi 367.7 miles an hour, is back at the athore and back journey. ranks, from that of Group Captain tank warfare, are all studied.
by many progressivo, broads scene of its triumphe-Calabot Leaving London early on Saturday
A war game adapted to the air and unbiased observers. It Marine Air Station on Southamp: morning, the Byers arrived at downwards. While at the exilego ton Water-where it will serve as one Copenhager, before noon, re-fuelled they keep in flying practice.
arm is played, and lately at De.history of the American domin
of the world's automobile; ma of the practice mounts for the and had leisurely lunch, and Some idea of the range of their vizes has been the occasion for cropeating itself. If we are to com British high speed flight engaged in reached Heston aerodrome, near training for the next contest in London, shortly after eight o'clock studies may be gathered from the operation with the Army. Thoore pete in this great new industry, September.
in the evening. A cargo was de fact that these comprise strategy tical campaigns are played. fying is a young man's business, N.247 is the first of the recon-livered in Copenhagen
and tactics, transportation, sup. Air-Commodore P. B. Joubert, de progress and development are rapid. ditioned Supermarine 8.6 mono- The actual flying time over the planca delivered to the air baso.1,400 miles of the journey was 11 Ply, intelligence, secret service, la Ferte is the Commandant, assist We want young peonle with vision Important modifications to the hours 15 minutes, making the civil cecnomics, commercial anded by Group Captains AB, Bur. and knowledge to control this busi control, not professors or Civil A magnificent library has been Servants, We have but to look at machine itself are expected to In-The maching Rolls-Royce engine and to the average speed 124 miles an hour. scientific progress and their ritratt and A. W. Tedder.neas. We want practical menin WAN the Vickers tion to Service problems, Labour gradually and carefully formed, Italy. Here General Balbo, the crease its speed. The sister 'plane, blplans specially prepared for a N.249, which during the 1020 eonflight to Australia and back with questions, and, of course, many The Staff and the students have Air Minister is aged 34. General test established a now world's speed urgent mail on board, in three matters connected was the physio their own lounge, but they mess Balbs files everywhere, having re- with B.Q Westox Bombing Area, contly commanded the Italian for- record for 100 kilometres, is being weeks--an advantars that Stock similarly, modlied, and is scheduled and Chaplin are planning to begin logy and temperament of the pilot and Nes 12 and 101 Squadrons action light to South America. The aerodrome, which lies at the Little wonder aviution is making to arrive at Calshot in about two later on. The machine is powered and statistics relating thereto. weeks time. W
with a single. 330 h.p. Napier Noodless to say, co-operation cantorn side of Balisbury Plain, is immense strides in Italy, without
A very fine one, and is one of a Traction of the national possibilities Meanwhile work is going forward "Lion" water-cooled motor and with the Flest and the Army playgroup of aercdromes occupying that concern the British Empire on the building of two new Supercarries fuel aufficient for ten hours Continued of foot of seat column.) that part of the country.
(Continued on nezi Column.)
Sunday Times, at a cruising 'speed' 135 m.p.h