King George IV
OLD SCOTCH
WHISKY
OPENING AND CLOSING FACILITATED BY
NEW SCREW CAP
Simple Safe & Secure
No corkscrew necessary
Possibility of leakage
or contamination through
faulty
corks eliminated
THE DISTILLERS AGENCY. LTD.,
SOLE AGENTS
EDINBURGH
014
GANDE, PRICE & CO., LTD., St. George's Building, Ice House Street, DIAL 20135.
Use Green Island Cement
for
Constructural Work of
Every Description.
HOW
GREEN ISLAND CEMENT IS MADE
Green Island Cement is manufactured from hard limestone and clay, It is necessary that these materials should be finely ground in order that they may come into intimate contact with one another in the burning process.
:
The finely pulverised materials are mixed in a certain definite proportion, roughly one part of clay to three of limestone, and are fed to the Rotary Kilns.
In these kilns they meet the hot gases and flames generated by pulverised coal blown in at the other end of the kilne, and after various chemical actions have taken place, they combine to form Portland Cement Clinker.
The Clinker is ground down with a small percentage of gypsum_to_regulate the setting time, and Green Island Portland Cement is thus produced.
Although sounding so simple, in reality the process is an intricate combination of mechanical, physical and chemical operations, needing great skill and care Nothing but constant and accurate supervision will yield the results so well-known with Green Island Cement, namely, strength, uniformity and reliability.
USE GREEN ISLAND CEMENT
Issued by the
GREEN ISLAND CEMENT CO., LTD
2ND FLOOR,
EXCHANGE BUILDING.
HONG KONG DAILY PRESS, SATURDAY, APRIL 18, 1931..
ENGINEERING AND BUILDING
SCIENTIFIC AND INDUSTRIAL
RESEARCH.
WORK OF THE PAST YEAR REVIEWED.
Building and Wireless, Generally the work of the De partment's research stations ap- pears to be approcinted, increasing- ly by the industries to which they rofer. A particular example, of |this gratifying tendency is seen in the record of the Building Research Station at Watford, which not only attracted a still larger number of inquiries for advice than in pre- vious years, but also received
講
THE MAKING OF ASBESTOS-CEMENT.
AN IMPORTANT NEW PRODUCT.
For centuries the
remarkable
CENTENARY OF SYMINGTON.
GENIUS WHO DIED IN POVERTY.
The centenary of the death of
William Symington; the Father of Mafine Engineering took plats last month.
properties of Ashestes remained unappreciated and unexploited; in fact, from those early days when Symington, like so many of thear the ancients wove from this mate who have changed the face of the. rinl handkerchiefs and shrouds world, was of obscure origin, heing down to the latter end of the nine of the machinery at Wanforhead the son of a miller who took charge teenth century, the art of working Colliery. Ho was born at Lead-
was lost. Within the last few de- hills in October, 1763, and was in-
The Fifteenth Annual Report of Among other measures under dia- the Department of Scientific and cussion for assuring the financial Industrial Research contains anstability of newearch sasociations sinundance and variety of interest has been the institution of a levy ing and instructive information.
ever a whole industry, which might further contribution of £500 from cades, however, tremendous protended for the ministry, but his The year that it covers, ended on be made statutory when it is de- the National Federation of Build-gress has been made in its employ inclinating led him to take up civil July at last, gave rise to no dis- sired by a sufficiently large majoring Trades Employers towards its ment, and new uses are now being engineering. ebvory that seemed to be of epoch-ity of firme, in the industry. Whe-goner work. An important ovent discovered almost daily.
In 1760 he designed, with big making importance, but showed ther such a lovy is based on the during the year was the formula- One of the most outstanding dis-brother, a working model of a evidence of steady increase in the raw material used by each firm, tion of the programme for the work coveries-far reaching in its effect steam, road carriage. Patrick Mill- volume of work done and of pro- gress in almost every direction., other unit, there is evidently much | Committee, which propowa, with whole world-was the successful in. taam engine to the propulsion of
of tho Steel Structures Research upon the building industrica of the er approached him to adapt his
as in rubber and wool, or on the
to be done before all firms in an industry can be brought into line, An example of a scheme for such a levy, which has gone a consider able length, in spite of its having required the cooperation of no few nected with different sections of the industry, is found in the wool. Jen and worsted industries. With the exception of certain wool buy. ers, who are not contributing to the scheme, a voluntary lovy is im. posed of 2d, per bala on all im-
or than 10 trade federations con.
The net outgoings of the Depart ment, which in the previous year were well under £500,000 sterling, were in the year under notice some 10 per cent. higher, and it does not seem without significance that this substantial increase was ne companied by a fall of over 7 per cont. in the cost of headquarters administration and miscellaneous expenditure, which was just over 5 per cent, on the turadver.. Be- siths the formal report of the Committee of the Privy Council,
the report of its Advisory Council for home consumption, and a con- which constitutes the Department, ported wool, mohair, &c., retained is appended, reviewing the out-tribution will be made of id. per standing feature of the work dono
operative engaged in the processing and the measures taken during the
Bcotions. With the assistance of year, and there is a summary of the wood from the Dominions the the work of its several research or-
levy will be collected as part of ganimations, with short accounts of the freight charges at the port of the progress of the. 20 research as.
entry. eociations at present affiliated to it-
The administrative chairman of
the Advisory Council, Sir William McCormick, who had held that position from the inception of the Department, died during the year.
The Council's report bears witness
Sir Frank Smith as secretary,
marks the close connexion of the personnel of the Department with the Royal Society and with advaac- ed experimental research.
Fuel and Ford Research.
The development to the commer-
corporation of asbeston with sement almost indestructible roofing mate- to form a strong, durable and rial.
Miller's paddleboat, which was propelled by hand.
the assistance of local authoritie ganizations for the design of steel- and professional and technical or-
This firat trial was so successful framed buildings and to suggest rules based on up-to-date technical asbestos, its almost everlasting engine, which achieved a speed of Tho peculiar properties of that Symington designed a larger knowledge. A second and larger nature, great tensile strength, re ship model experimental tank bassistance to the ravages of climate faith in Miller and a lack of on- hoon put in hand to enable the Na and its fireproof qualities are in this couragement from James Watt, this tional Physical Laboratory "to cope way employed to the fullest advan- boat was dismantled. with the grave congestion in the tage.
demand for testa na well 018 to
The
pursue necesary research range of applications of the Forest Products Research Laboratory con- tinues to increase, and in partion
lar it has been able to be of essen-
tial service to the Australian Re: search Department.
seven knots. Owing to a lack of
In 1801 Lord Dundas, Governar
Amongst manufacturers of asbes.f the Clyde and Forth Canal tos-cement goods of all descrip-Company, determined to try steam tions, none have done more to fur-fraction on the canal and employ- ther the progress of the industryed Symington to carry out experi- than the firms comprising the ments. organisation of which Asbestos Symington, realising that his Cement Building Prodiets, Ltd., is earlier engine was quite unsuitable, the sales and distributing company; for the purpose, decided to employ these comprise Bell's Poilite and a piston rod guided by rollers in Everite Co., Ltd., British Fibroc-a straight path, connected by a rod ment Works, Ltd., and Turners to a crank attached directly to the Asbestos Cement, Ltd. The ashes-paddle-wheel shaft, thus devising tos employed in manufacture is the system which has been used ever, - obtained from no less than ten since that day... mines in South Africa belonging to
Like many other inspired inven associated companies, and they intors, Symington died in abject clude the largest in South Africa,overty, on March 22, 1831, and was Operations are
carried out on buried in St. Botolph in Aldgate. large scale, providing ample sup
NEW LAWN MOWERS FOR
1931.
MESSRS, RANSOMES -
CATALOGUE.
A notable feature in the record of the Radio Remarch Board has been the appointment of the An sistant Engineer-in-Chief of the Post Office, Iñeutenant-Colonel A. G. Lee, to be chairman of the board on the lamented death of eind stage of several large plants Admiral of the Fleet Sir Henry for low-temperature carbonization Jackson. This appointment has led permitted the Fuel Research Stato more intimate cooperation be- tion to give the subject a lower de tween the Post Office and the De. gres of priority in its experimental partment's radio research organi-plies of the finest asbestos in the to the value of his work, by which, work, and enabled a variety of zation. The board is also under world. The actual manufacture of in close association with Sir Frank questions to be defined on which taking investigations and develop asbestos-cement is performed at Heath, the Department's first further research was needed. As ments on behalf of the British Trafford Park, Manchester, Widnes, cretary, the difficulties of the for the result of conferences convened Broadcasting Corporation and the and Erith, and British labour is mativa period were worn down
employed throughout. and overcome. The present chair by the Department the Low Tem-Air Ministry, and ie maintaining
In the preparation of asbestos man is Lord Rutherford, and hisparature Coal Distillers' Associn close cooperative relations with
for the manufacture of building appointment, coming after that of tion of Great Britain was formed. radio research boards now formed
A catalogue of general interesti The products, notably the tars; in Australia and New Zealand. obtained by low-temperature pro-Among other subjects in which fur products of this nature, it is neces- cesses are being studied both at the ther progress has iwen made ią re- sary first of all to crush the raw which has recently been published fibre so that full advantage may be is that of Messrs, Ransomes, Sims search into water pollution and at- Station and at the Department's. Chemical Research Laboratory, and mospheric pollution, geophysicu! taken in later processes of the fine & Jefferice, Ltd., dealing with their To their already, experiments are in progress at the methods of survey, and fabrics, for silk-like texture of the resultant lawn mowers.
the last of which a supplementary fibres. In combination with cement, wide range Messrs. Ransomes have Station on cast-iron retorts for ex- ternally heated processes, by which fabrics research committee has been these millions of threads of asbestos this year chief administrative positions are caused by their deterioration, the general interest and carry out any sile strength and high insulating
The fact that the Department's it is hoped to reduce the expense appointed to advise on problems of provide an intricate and closely machines, the "Leo" and a motor
interlocked structure of great ten-mower 14 ins, wide.
The former is a light side-wheel now filled by men eminent in sicuresults of which had a serious effect
qualities upon which depend to x pattern mower suitable for the ordi- tific research does not mean, hów-
on the working of the plant at the
Scientiis Grants.
large an extent the durability and nary garden, a special feature being ever, that its objective has become Richmond gas works. Small-scale Among the studies that have been service of the anished product that although ball bearings are less praction. If any doubt were experimente have been pursued on assisted by grants from the Depart-Meticulous care in manufacture and acted, the price is low. The high felt on this point it would be set
the hydrogonation process and
ment is that of vory, low tempern-rigid inspection of the finished driving wheels are fitted with over at rest by reading the account now its application These have led to turcs at the Cavendish Laboratory, article are. paid throughout and tyres to prevent dirt and grasD given of the present policy in re- a large number of laboratory re- Cambridge, for the production of research chemists are constantly cuttings from entering the bearings, gard to research associations. The sulte pointing to technical possibi- which a liquid hydrogen plant of at work with a view to effecting and the entting cylinder has six. principle on which the Department lities which, it is to be hoped, may
now design has been constructed any possible improvement. instigated the formation of these ha realized in the developments on under the direction of Dr. Kapitza,
knives. These have cutting edges bodice was that the aid of the
ten asbestos of hardened steel riveted on to Apart from the a commercial scale that are being with a capacity of two litres an should. State
be
mines nlready referred.10, Asbestos tough wrought' backej a form of temporary, pursued by Imperial Chemical 1 hour, or much more if necessary. Cetnent Building Products, Ltd., construction which experience has leaving each association to dustries. The physics and practic At the Royal Institution, under the and the companies with which it is proved to give the longest possible organizo ́ite uffairs that when its of the combustion of pulverized grant came to an end it would be fuel are being studied experiment new methods have been devised for employ over 15,000 people. These The 14-in motor mower has been
direction of Sir William Braggs associated, own sixteen works, and service. able to carry on independently-ally, and burners-and-furnaces. This remains the objective of the have been constructed with the ob-easuring the intensity of X-ray figures give some little indication brought out for lawns of about half
and for generating X-rays of vory of the importance of this progres. Department; but in most indus- | ject of ascertaining to what ex-
Research Associations.
60
necessary researché....
9.
sults have been obtained from their application. Professor Bone's re- searches on gaseous. reactions at
pa
added two further
an serb, and is fitted with a 2-stroke engine of ample power. A unique feature is that the cutting. | cylinder, bottom blade and bottom block form one unit which can bo
*tects the engine from dirt and cut
fitted to the
tries the time required for organiz. | tent the larga combustion chambers high intensity, and encouraging te-sive branch of industry. ing a research association, defining hitherto found necessary can be ita programme, and recruiting its reduced in size. staff has turned, out to be longer
The Feed Investigation Board high pressures have extended to the few applications are received from easily removed for grinding or re- than had been expected, and the excomic depression of recent years hus completed the extension of its explosion of mixtures of air with engineering students, and that. has made it difficult to secure the Low Temperature Research Station hydragon, carbonio exide and other there is a real dearth of, applicetting. A special front guard pro
gases at initial pressures up to 500 ants for appointmente as metallur necessary increase of funds. The at Cambridge, and begun work on
fish at the Terry Research Station atmospheres, catalytic reactions at gists and metallurgical search ass and self-aligning dust proof. desirability of renewing the grants to must of these nesociations for a at Aberdeen, and on fruit at the high pressures; and the flow of workers in industry and in the ball bearings are
Молкитев cutting clyinder and land rolls. further term of years has thus be East Malling Station. Resulta ob gasta through copper and steel Government service.
Other machines shown in the cata- come evident, and it is now an tained in laboratory investigations pipes of small. diameter under pres have been taken to relax the re- nounced that the Government has are already being applied tenta sures up to 400 atmospheres. The quirement of previous uzparience Togue, include various sides of motor agreed to ask Parliament for the tively in commercial practice. The isotherms of arious individua! of scientific investigation in res lawn mowers, both petrol and elec funds that utimately will become successful study made some years gases and of their binary mixturespect of young engineers who have tric, Mesira Ransomes' well-known necessary for the purpose. The age of the conditions of transport at 0 deg.C. and 50 deg. C. have had works experience and to waive Triple," "Quintuple" and "Sep- basis on which the further grants ing fruit from Australia was fol. also been determined at pressures the stipulation that an applicant tuple" mowers for golf courses and
up to 1,000 atmospheres. will be made varies with the cir-lowed, in September, 1929, by a
must intend to take up a career other large areas requiring frequent cumstances of each industry, and similar mission under the leader-
In the course of the administra. involving scientific research, if he cutting, and numerous types of wtiere praticable, as with the Elec ship of Dr. Er Griffiths, in which tion of grants to dividuals for intends ultimately to be employed hand lawn mowers, both roller and trial Research Association, the basic officers of the Research Departments training and special researches, in a career involving applied side wheel patterns. figure of income to be provided by of the New Zealand and Austen, which are among the measures scienos, such as engineering or in- It should be mentioned that the Relation itelf will be in-
be in-lian Governmente cooperated to taken by the Department with the dustrial chemistry. The council is Messrs. Ransomes enter for buyers creased continually, so that ulti-study the transport of frown' mutabject of recruiting the supply of satisfied that the present demand in numerous countries by producing mately it will amount to enough ton and lamb from the New resdurch workers in special fields, for metallurgists is not exceptional their lawn mower literature in for the association's needs without Zealand abattoir to the wholesale it has been found that relatively and is not likely to dogrosse in the French, German, Spanish, Dutch any State help.
"market in London.
| (Continued åt foot of nezt column.} } near-futuro.;
and PortugueSO,
;