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HONG KONG DAILY PRESS, SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 7, 1931.
CHINESE NEW YEAR APPROACHES.
" (Continued from Page, Miz
THIS PERILOUS WORLD.
IS THE LEAGUE TOO TIMID?
Five hundred University students of both sexen attended the first international congress organised by the British Universities League of Nations-Society at Glasgow, t
They gave Professor Gilbert Mur- ray a rousing welcome on the open-
Having thus traced one of the chief-obstructions to the complete transformation of "Chian into a modern.country, it is interesting to note, one of its effect. In a few days' time, China will be celebrat ing another New Year. This will be the start of another lunar yearing day. of the kind reckoned by China for hundreds of years. Now, however, the Chinese Government is order
ed the cancellation of all 'festivities in connection with the lunar year and has ordered the adoption of the Gregorian or solar calendar.
He warned them that another war might prevent many of them reaching his age of 135.
THE IDEAL SUNDAY.
WAY OUT OF LEGAL ANOMALY.
My ideal for Sunday is three- fold, writes the Rev. Hoary Carlor, Secretary, of the Methodist Social Welfare Department, in the Daily Express, the minimum of ordinary Intour, the maximum of wisely used leisure, and 4 common opportunity to join in the worship of the Lord and Givor of life...
From this standpoint. I assay the current proposals regarding the
PRISON-DE-LUXE.
HOME FOR GOOD CONDUCT CONVICTS.
The prison-de-luxe has arrived. It is at Chelmsford-the big gaol by the side of the Colchester fond. Since the war it has held no pri souers and for years it has been used as the local headquarters of the Territorial Force.
But the jingle of the warders' key chaina echoes again through its corridors-a jingle that is pleasant music in the care of the inmates,
Picturing himself as representing | Act of 1781, which prohibits Sun-For they are not ordinary convicts. day entertainments where an ad and the treatment they are to re- the Past, he said:
I think you ought to be grateful mission charge is made. The conceive is not ordinary prison treat- to me and my generation for having|mercial Interests of the entertainment. handed on to you an extraordin-mont world propose repeal.
world.
We have Lord's Day Observance Society proposes enforcement. The policy
desirarily dangerous,
increased our power of speed to such an extent that we use it partly for frivolous objects, such as racing in motor-cars, but mainly we do. vote it to the really serious business of State, which is killing. We can kill over so many more people now so much because we can faster when we are doing it.
A Herculean Task. While the ptop is highly able from every point of view, the change over is a Herculean task and no clict of the Government слп bring about a precipitous change in so deep-rooted a matter, The Nationalist Government, to their credit, have made every en- deavour to introduce the new calendar as quickly as possible so that China can fall in line with the rest of the world. Officially the New Year was on January 1 and the more educated class has already celebrated New Year's Day. But traditions, dis hard in China and notwithstanding Government ediets, the whole population look apon the first day of the first moon as the real New Year,
In this connection it is interest ing to state that inquiries locally reveal the fact that the leading firms and 'hongs' use both calendars but while the Gregorian calendar is used for dating documents and letters, the old lunar calendar is, used for the settlement of accounts.
Thus all accounts are cleared up be
fore Chinese New Year (ie., the
ΠΟΜΟ
The Mon We Honour. He pointed out that an almost unified society had been produced throughout the world...
We read the same kind of novels; attended the same kind of cinemas; exploit one another by the same methods and ruin ourselves by the
same vices.
The
advocate in replacement of the old Act by a workable measure which would take account of mo- dern conditions as well as ancient
standards.
Between four and five hundred einemas were open on Sundays in England, at the time of the recent legal decision. Entertainment pro- moters demand the repeal of the 1781 Aot, so that all cinemas and theatres would be free to open.
Because I believe in a Doramon weekly rest-day, which thousands would lose if placos of public en- tertainment were clamouring for patrons on Sundays; and because I am profoundly convinced that We ought to be a band of bro-national life would be poorer if thers-hundreds of thousands of the religious observance of Sunday Cains and hundreds of thousands
were diminished, I am decisively of Abels, the only difficulty being against tho interested claim of the to know who is Abel and who is cinema and theatre proprietors. Caia.
What 1871 Act Aimed At: Recent discussions of, the 1781
This
They arrived at the prison-about 60 of them-all specially selected for their good conduct.
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Thoir ages range from 20 to 30, and the authorities believe that LONDON SELLING AGENTS they can be turned aside from a life of crime.
A Sunshine Ride.
They rode through the sunshine from Maidstone, in Kent, in a charabane, accompanied by ward- ers, and when the vehicle pulled up at the prison gates, Commander D. N. Venables, 1.N., the governor, was three to receive them together with one of the Prison Commission-
ers.
These men are really an advance party, and for some time they will be busy preparing the prison for other compulsory résidents, some of whom will come from county gaols and others from Dartmoor and Parkhurst. Eventually, it is under-
stood, this class of offender will be committed straight to Chelmsford for the special trentincnt.
The advance party will be em
flowers and plants, and in the pri son itself, painting and brighten- ing up the interior.
Concerts,
After dealing with racial pre- judices he exclaimed "Look at the statues. You will find one thing | Act induced me to study its text,ployed in the grounds, planting common to the great mass of them and also the relevant deuntes in is that they are of those who have the Commons and Lords. caused the deaths of a very large quest led to a discovery, I find that number of human beings, belong. Bishop Porteus, the sponer of the Act, was not conemmed. with pub-
It is stated that the townspeople ing, of course, to other nations."
he entertainments in general, but
are being invited to co-operate in with "preventing certain abuses and profanations" which had ari-this attempt to reclaim young con- viets, and that the Mayor of een in London.
Chemisford, Mr. Christy, will help by organising concerts and enter tainments for the men,
Peace at Genova, Referring to the work of the League of Nations, he said he had
The "abuso" which he sought to talked on many occasions to mem- bers of the Council and the impres-suppress centred in a promenade held at Carlisle House on Snday sion he got was that they value so evenings to which, he says, "dis-
atmosphero of solute people of both sexes" resort enormously the peace and good will inside the ed, and made the promenade a Council room that they hate to place of assignation. The pro- raise questions which will disturb fanation" centred in certain Sun- it. For the sake of peace innside day debating societics at which the Council room they leave going fres discussion of passages of on outside much more serious dis Scripture took place. Such re- turbances to the peace of the ligious disputations outside Church
control shocked the good bishop. world."
first day of the lunar year and not January 1). Other settling days which have been fixed from time inmemorial, and which are still in force to-day, in spite of the general Ishedding of old customs are the Dragon Festival (fir day of the fifth moon), the Moon Festival (fifteenth day of the eighth moon) and in the eleventh moon when the winter festival is celebrated. These clearing dates are so generally adopted in China that they form one of the biggest barriers to the transferring from one calendar to another. These clearing dates, how ever, make it difficult for business
On the question of disarmament bouses (except for cash transac-
he said it was not much good toll, tions) to close their books on anying people to love one another. It month they may wish of the Gre was better to say that they should gorian calendar, as is possible in all behave like reasonable Linge.
Sir Josiah Stamp, who spoke on European business.
theBusiness Man in International Affairs," said the interdépendence "Olo" Custom Prevaile..
of business was greater than ever, In Hong Kong generally speak- despite all attempts, racial and ing, no attempt was made by Chi-political, to make it otherwise. nese firms to close their books on December 31 last and to start a new set of books for the twentieth year of the Chinese Republic ns from January 1, 1931. It was said that much as this would help the Government in establishing the Gregorian calendar as the official calendar, not only a name but in fnet, the task involved too much working out of detail!
Mr. K. K. Kirk, who represented four universities in Britain and France, said when he could be shown that the League of Nations was willing to offend Great Britain or France he would begin to believe in it.
that although the commemoration of festivals on the lunar calendar are being rigidly suppressed, the real obliteration of that calendar is not possible, and, for all practical pur poses, is impossible for the next few years at least.
Year's Business Bad.
The Act was aimed: against the moral corruption of the promenade and the supposed mental peril of hostile debate on religious doctri-
nire.
Concerned lost these practices should spread beyond London, he gave his prohibitiva Bill a nation
The experiment is being watched with much interest and the results will be carefully noted, probably with a view to an extension of the treatment where possible.
ARCHBISHOP ON LISTENING-IN,
MAY MAKE IDLE MINDS
IDLER STILL...
Four hundred listeners' groups have now been formed by the Con- ai range, and imposed huge penal-tral Council for Broadcast Adult Education, and the first national ties on those who via'nted it.
It is this Act, founded on so conference was held at the London narrow and partienlar a basis, School of Economics to enable' which constitutes the present all group leaders and others to meet round legal prohibition of public speakers who broadcast.
The Archbishop of York (chair- Sunday, entertainments to which
man of the Central Council) wrote charges for admission are made.
Legally, the 1781 Act may still that a danger in broadcast educa sustain all that its defendera cation was the those who listen would on it to bear. Morally, I am cer suppose that all they had to do tain that a far sounder statutory was to listen and believa what they were told. Mercifully the doctrinee enunciated were sufficiently various to make this impossible.
ground must soon be found for the decision of twentieth-century issues. These are fundamentally different from those with which Bishop Por teus sought to deal.
Polley of Replacement. Hence my dual proposal: (1) that Parliament should safeguard Sunday against the Gnancial am bitions of the entertainment world, and (2) that municipal councils should be entrusted with power to decide, directly or by plebiscite, the Sunday opening or closing of places of entertainment.
group
7
་ ་ ་
die-
The vital stage in education was not that of mere reception, but as that of assimilation, and this in- volved criticism,
Consequently the cussion was indiepensable if listen- ing, oven to learned discourses, was, not to be added to the multitude of occupations which have the
effect of making idler stilla mind already idle.'
Sir John Reith said a state of democracy should pre-suppose an
So deeply rooted is this desire to celebrate New Year on the first day of the first moon and not on
A brief review of the year's busi- January 1, that during the past few
ness-the lunar year that is-shows days there has been a big influx that the Chinese community has of the wealthier Cantonese into been very badly hit by the depre- the Colony and this influx is likely ciating value of silver. In most lines no profit can be shown while to continue for some days. Ob- several big firms and many small
As regards the municipal clo-educated Demos, Had they got it! Mr. G. H. Gater (Education viously they intend to celebrate ones have losses to make good. New Year, whatever the Govern. Competition moreover, is exceed meat in my pan, the method has Officer of the L.CC.) congratulated Iment edict may be and in order not. ingly keen, and the spending power been in vogue for years in Middle the B.B.C. and Six John Reith on sex and elsewhere. I have before the stand they had made to main- of the Chinese public has been to run foul of the law, all who can reduced. Luxuries are being cut me the printed Minutes of the tain educational talks in the pro- afford it, leave Canton so that they down and jewellers dealing in Middlesex County Council for Ocf gramine. No country in the world mity keep the traditional New Year tones and ornaments report a dull 9, 1930.
had such a high level of broadenet- unmolested,
Under the heading, "Applications ing. year. Entertainment also seems to The Chinese in Hong Kong, hare slackened and restaurante in for Sunday opening," the Clerk of generally speaking, have never West Point are not earning the the Council submitted 79 applica seriously considered the question of income they used to. The new tions for Sunday opening by cine changing from, one calendar to an- taxation in the Colony, introduced matograph exhibitors and other succeeding applications without a
Letters of division. other, and so in Hong Kong the during the year, while not making public entertainers.
I desire to universalise this pro Chinese population will be enjoynig a big hole in the pocket of the in-protest were submitted from social, the coming festival without being individual is nevertheless sufficient to organisation in Middlesex, and erdure: for I am convinced that the decision on the Sunday, enter- any way restricted-except by a few
tainments An Anglican Bishoo introduced a,
question should rest cracker regulations. The question use him further to watch his from residents in the county, of the Nationalist Government's expenses, and to effect economy
representative deputation to on- broadly on the sant. of the peo edict and what Hong Kong should wherever possible
But notwithstanding this, the post Sunday opening, and a Weste ple, expressed bither by referen do has been raised more than once. Chinese community will neverthe-yan Methodist Minister was its dum or through their chosen re in the Colony, but the attitude, has less enjoy their New Year in full spokesman. The case for Sunday presentatives and that appro been in past that no change could messure, and not even the trade de opening was presented. by legal priate Parliamentary safeguards be effective, without the complete
pressumn, the increasing taxation of representative.alitha "interesta cons shoukl make impossible the com. mercial exploitation of Sunday co-operation of every part of China y Cinyund the edice of the ceraed..
unday opening is "YESOLVED. and no change can be made in Hong Nationalist Government can dampen After a public hearing or both where Sunday Kong because such a change would the enthusiasm with which they all sides, the Council decided by 62 upon
This is assitredly a wiser course throw the Colony out of gear with look forward to the forthcoming votes to 5, to refuse the main croup: China The general feeling is still New Year.
of appliostions, and refused the than bare repeal or harsh' enforce (Continued at foot of next column.).
(Continued at foot of nexi column, ment
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