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THE HONG KONG DAILY PRESS, THURSDAY, APRIL 24, 1930.
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FEATURES
FROM AERIAL TO AERIAL.
THE RELATIONSHIP OF WAVE-LENGTH AND FREQUENCY
11
(BY CORERER.")
Measuring Frequency.
Let us next study the relation-“ ship between frequency and wave- length. Ia view of the fact that the velocity of the waves is al- ways the same, it follows that the longer the wave the less the num ber of cycles it will have to make in a second or vice verta.
This will explain why, in the accompanying list of broadcasting stations, the Kilo-cycles will be
Vara seen to be greater as the length gets smaller.
Taking a concrete "example will This distance is termed the wave-
help make this fact more lucid. length; and the rapidity with Our local broadcasting station which one wave follows another, transmits on a wavelength of 355.
meGres Converting the "figure to' that is, the number of complete imperial measurement wo find the wave forms per second, is known-length of the wave is approximate
ly 300 yards, therefore there will. as the frequency.
be four and a half complete waves or cycles per mile. Velocity Wave-Length-Frequency.
When referring to the aerial Bame way as the water-ripples | crest of one wave to another can few weeks ago it was mentioned radiate from the source of the dis be seen to be a few inches. that the length of wire used "for turbance. Pursuing the analogy. the purpose had its own electrical further, if a piece of wood is float characteristics, the value of which ing on the disturbed surface it will could be varied by means of tuning be subject to vibrations, the inten- suitable inductance and condensers city of which will depend on (a) in the aerial circuit to suit the its distance from the centre of the wave-length required. Before dis radiation and (b) the force of the cussing the need for this variation disturbances In a very similar and its accomplishment, it is neces-way, the receiving acrial is affect sary to explore the connection besed by waves set up from a trans tween the transmitting and the mitting aerial to an extent depen- receiving aerials.
An oscillating current of high frequency, flowing in an open cir- cuit auch 4.5 the transmitting aerial, produces electrical waves in the surrounding ether,
The same principle applies to wiralean waves, the wave-length being measured in metres, while the frequency being high, the unit taken is the Kilo (1,000) eyele
A cycle is, of course, the com- dent on the distance between theplete course of the wave from zero two aerials and the power of the transmitter.
Naturally, there are limitations to the analogy, and especially it this the case when considering the These waves are sometimes refer relative speeds or velocity of wire
red to as Hertzian waves, the name being derived from the discoverer of this phenomena, Hertz, in 1887; Comparing Waves.
OF
Many readers have
doubt heard of the analogy of these
waves to the waves or ripples upon the surface of a pond by stone being thrown into the watër. Wireless waves sent out from a transinitting aerial spread over, the surface of the earth in much the
less and water waves.
Wireless waves travelling through the same medium as light, it fol- lows that the velocity will be the same as that for light waves,'nänre- ly 186,000 miles per second, other words, the effect from trans-
In
tmitter to receiver is practically
instantaneous, į
Defining Wave-Length.. Reverting to our water ripple analogy, the distance from the
HAVE YOU HEARD THESE?
LONG-WAVE STATIONS,
Wave length
Bere are Hats of longwaveMetres) Station and short-wave stations which | 260 | Manila ·
should be picked up by anyone in Hong Kong who has a mode. rately good set suitable for re- ceiving such signals, Success in. picking up these stations also depends very largely upon fav. ourable atmospheric conditions. Beaders are invited to add to this list should they bucceed in picking up any station not in. cluded in either of these lista.
Call Kilo Sign eyele K.Z.I.B. 1,163 977 Shanghai K.S.M.S. 1,085 260 Tienta C.R.C. 1,070 310 Sharbai. K.R.C. 961 300 Peping .0.0.P.K. 245 345 Tokyo J.O.A.K. 353 Hiroshima J.O.F.K. 850 345 Hong Kong Z.B.W. 846 357 Bombay. V.U.B. 840 331 Sapporo 303 Keijo
370 Nagoya
370,4 Calcutta.
870
J.O.I.K. 830
J.O.D.K. 620 J.O.C.K. BIO Y.U.C 800.9
190
380 Kumamoto, J.O.G.K. 300 Sendai J.O.E.K... что 365 Dairen J.D.A.K. 760 398 Rangoon
V.U.R. 754 400 Osaka J.O.B.K. 750 410 Canton C.M.B. -732 415 Manile K.Z.R.M 723
SHORT-WAVE STATIONS.
Thes (Hong KoNO)
OF WORKING
STATION
CALL SIUN
G7.65 Dobintz (Germany)
-50-
KILO
4,434 Mon, Wed. & Fri, 6 p.m. & 2 am, 4,000 | 6-10 pan.
6,291 Not regular
60 12 Khabarovsk (Russia)
A.F.K, E.A.ST.,
PEE TOX.
58.7
Nanen
A.G.J.
e Bowen Peak District (above
Road) Bowen Road and Lower Levels ...
-Moscow
KEN.
5,000 Tue, Thur-Sat, 8 p.m.
$23.00
43.5
Rome
1.M.A.
6,896 Sunday midnight
$21.00 ...$23.00 $19.00
鼗
Porth
7,142 Daйly 6.30 p.m. & 11 p.m.
413
Singapore
V.6.1.A.B.
39.8
27.
Kootwijk (Holland) Bangkok (dium)
P.C.L.
Sydney
2.B.L.
Pokfulum Road
Kowloon
Orders should be sent in writing, not by Telephone, at least 24 hours before the coal ia required, and orders must be accom-. panied by cash, cheque, or compradore order payable to SZE WAI & Co.
Please apply for prices of other descriptions of coal for banker, factory, and other purposes.
TELEPHONË: No. C, 5009.
SZE WAI & CO.
42, BONHAM STRAND WEST HONG KONG. (ÚANTON BRANCH-SZE WAI & CO., Lok Yu Sox Road, Canzon
Puona No. 13050.),
BUY BRITISH & BE PROUD We have just unpacked a Shipment of
ALUMINIUM BASE-BOARD & PANELS. Suitable for Short Wave Receivers and other esta
that require Screeding.
&
TIPETROS PARTS
(Guaranteed Britiali Mads)..
82.4
31.50 Melbourne
31:48 Schenectady 31.30 Eindhoven (Holland) 81.28 Sydney
B.A.G.
7,810 Not regular
-7,730 || Daily Thp.m.
HS4PJ. - 8,108 | Tues, & Vil, 0 p.m.-1a.m.
3.L.Q.
9,230 Not regular
9,503 Not regular
9,520 FL 8 m, Sat 3 am, & 10 am 9,600 Not reguler
W.2X,AF. 9,530 Daily 7.3. P.C..-- 3.F.C Nairobi (Kenya) |7LO.
38.6 Bydney
278 Bondong.
0,077 Midnight daily
9.M.E.
10,628 Not regalar
P.LE
| 25.63 | Ohelmsford (England)] 5,8,W.
11,020 Midnight-3 m. dally 11,751 780 p.m. & 3 am, daily, except
Saturday and Sunday
| K1.X.E.
|12,240 | Nightly
W.3.x.0.
PLAGIA
18.4 Kootwijk (Holland) F.C.L.
P.L.F.
H.S.I.P.J.
12,850. Wed, Fri., Bot.
18,102 Baily 0.20 p.. to midnight 10,304 Dally pu
17.280 Dally 8 pm, to midnight
24 Maulle
23.35 Schenectady.
18.88 Bandoong
17.4
Bardoong
10.9
Bangkok
16.88 Huizen (Holland),
PEL
16,3 Kootwijk (Holland)
P.O.K.M
28.74 Bandoeng
FLE
16.5 Nancy (France)
10,351 Da873
W8XK.
21,540 Not regaliz
13.02 Pittsburg:
17,751 Bandays 7 pm, & midnight 17,700 Daily 10 p.m.
18,404 Each afternoon
19,220 Daily 5,307 p.m.
to
maximum-positive, down to zero and beyond to maximum- negative and back again to the
zero line.
Bearing in mind the water-wave analogy, this can be followed in taking the normal surface of the water дя Zero, the disturbance above the surface as positive, and that below as negative.
As regards the measurement of wavelength and frequency, we can no longer regard the two forms of wave under discussion as analog
ous,"
Knowing the velocity of wire- less waves to be 186,000 miles per second, it is quite easy to find the number of cycles per second, aame- ly 188,000 43, equalling, $39,000" or 839 Kilo-cycles.
Actually the local frequency is 846 Kile cycles, the slight discre pancy in our calculation arising from taking the convenience of an approximats figure in converting from metric to imperial measure to avoid a lengthy mathematical problem...
Although this preliminary to the subject of tuning may seem lengthy and, perhaps bordering on the technical, understanding of those mysterious terms "frequency" and wave-lenth" will prove very helpful in dealing with the auu-
The wave-lengths of electric waves cover a very wide. hand,ject.
Un
those employed for wireless rang A discussion of the action of the
ing-from-30- to 60,000 feet, For X-rays the wave-length is about 20 millionths of an inch, which may be roughly assumed to be two-thousandth parts of the thick- ness of a cigarette-paper.
TO-DAY'S WIRELESS
PROGRAMME.
BROADCAST BY Z. B.W. ON 353 METRES.
11 to 11.30 a.m.-Commercial News
wave on the acrial, and the means. adopted to making the set suscepti ble to the wave-length required, should therefore be easy to follow. These points will be dealt with in the next article.
LICENCE DODGERS.
A campaign against licenceless wireless set owners has been started in Manchester. In list of nice- teen large towns in England, Wan- chester comes fifteenth in the num ber, of licences per 1,000 of the population. The highest figure. is
11.30 to 12.30 p.m.-Chinese record-354.5 per 1,000 and the lowest 18 36
ed music.
12.30 to 2 p.m.-European
per 1,000, and it is therefore clear that a very large number of Man- prochester listeners are enjoying the gramme of Columbia records B.B.C. programmes, without mak- supplied by Mesers. Anderson ing any contribution to their cost 31usic Company.
through the 10%. licence: London is
6 to 7 p.m.-European programme 20 per cent. better than Manchester
of Columbia records supplied in this matter and Liverpool 10 per by Messra Anderson Music cent. better. After very fruitfu! Company:
activity in Glaccow and Belfast, green direction-finding an, is to "Radetzky March" (J. Strauss, cover the Manchester postal area, Op. 298) and "Feuergrest" (which includes Salford and & con Strauss;
Op. 209), Johann Strauss and Symphony Orch.siderable area surrounding the two citics. Street by street the whole "Hungarian Rhapsody No. 8" area will be combed closely relent (Liszt), Ethel Legimska, Piano lessly tracking down the licenceless. Bolo.
The production of a licence on de- mand is the 'test. If it cannot be Regimental produced, then prosecution will Band of H.M. Grenadier follow, and this may involve a Guards, conducted by Cant. penalty not exceeding £10, a fine George Miller...
not exceeding £100, or imprison- "Don
Giovanni Selection "ment with or without hard labour. (Mozart), Bournemouth, Muni On December 31 the number of cipal Orchestra, conducted by licences issued in the area during Sir Dan Godfrey,
the year totalled 81,000 for a popu "Capriccio (Brahms; Op. 70,lation of about 1,400,000—roughly
** No. 2) and “a). Duet Op. 38, 53 licences per 1,000.
No. 6; (b) Spinning Song Op.
The Meistersingers - Selection
(Wagner), The
"
67. No. 4" (Mendelssohn),.. BROADCASTING IN INDIA, Myra Hess, Piano Solo. Hear My Prayer (Mendels- sobn), The Choir of St. George -Chapel, Windsor.... p.m.-A Talk by Mr. W. Noise
New Delhi. The Standing Com mitteo of the Legislative Assembly: has approved "the Government's proposal to acquire the Indian
011 Modern Art and Some. Broadcasting Company, which is in Famous Pictures."
voluntary. liquidation, for a period,
7.15 p.m.-Recorded programme of two years. The annual recur
continued:-
ring expenditure is estimated at..
TSANG FOOK PIANO COMPANY,
8, Des Voeux Road Centra
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Simplicity
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"SUPER-WASP' SHORT-WAVE
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Particulars from
Faust-Valse (Gounod) and 207,000 rupees (approximately SINCERE'S
19
12
"Tommy Handley Calling
(Tommy Handley), Descriptive Sketch by Tommy Handley with Piano:
Lionel Monckton Memories
(Lionel Monticton), Debroy Somers Band. " 8pm-Chinese studio concert. 10.30 p.m. (approx.)-Close down
Faust-Prelude" (Gounod), £20,000), with a net charge against Milan Symphony Orchestra, revenue of 141,000 rupees (approxi conducted by Čav,... Lorenzo | mately £10,500). As the result of Molajoli
the decision the stations at Cal “Lionel Monckton Memories cutta and Bombay will be immedi- (Lionel Monckton), Columbia ately taken over and run by the Light Opera Company with State, who will manage them with Orchestra.
the assistance of a représentativc, advisory committee, thus ensuring the continuity of bron densting. Only one member of the committee diesented from the decision. The Finance Committee has agreed to the proposal subject to the con- dition that the Government shall do its bent to secure the advantage tries where broadcasting has been of the latest experience in com-
a success, and that steps" be taken * to train Indians so that the Jusi: lish is a foreign language, but evi acas will eventually pats into La- dently, the music and action suffi- dien hands. The Government pro ciently convey the story. Both films pose to appoint in the summer of
Save commilles titube. music, and those relaying nicked examine the position with regard nut these particular parts. One of to the taking over of broadcasting the dims was "Words and Music, and prospects generally, as experi- *'attract and was "broadcast by Etockholm, enoo would by then have been gain- and the second, “Rio Rita,","put | ed of the success of the zervige un-
der Government management.
BELAY OF #TALŢIE" SOUNDS. enough, both relays occurred dur |ing the period, devoted by the two Radio listeners in all countries stations Stockholm and Oslo to are already familiar with music foreign relays, but, stranger stall, Webcam frnd firm Theme SALES England they have not yet, relayed |guage not of the country broadcast this has apparently been done will surprise many to know this
brond. Talkingfilms were te American talkies" layed on two occasions recently audiences in countries where Eng in different..countries.. Strangely (Continued al foot of next column), over" by Oslo.
ORIENTAL COMMERCIAL & Co., LTD. talkie music or dialogue, ing but in American-English: It
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