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THE HONG KONG DAILY PRESS, WEDNESDAY, APRIL 16, 1930.
MESSAGE OF THE CROSS INTERPRETED.
DEATH OF JESUS CLIMAX OF HIS LIFE.
WHY HE ENDURED CRUCIFIXION.
The second and concluding instal- ment of the lecture delivered by the Dean, the Very Reverend Alfred Swan, on Sunday last, at St. John's Cathedral, is given below:-
So far we have dealt merely with facts of Christ and His death as we find them in the New Testa- ment. Now we must pass to the interpretation of these facta, gen. erally known as the Atonement...
First it must be admitted that it is the very connection, which I have mentioned, between Christ's death and remission of sins which makes large numbers of people shrink from the subject of the Atonement. The very word Atone- ment has come to have a repellent effect.
The reason for this is that "the word has come down to us," as Canon Raven has said in a recent hook, "associated with ideas which outrage our instincts, ideas ugly and untrue and unworthy of the goodness of God, ideas derived from metaphor used in earlier times but now generally inappropriate. The chief of these are four-the mtaphor of a sacrifice for sin, of a ransom paid to Satan, of a debt discharged to God, and of salva- tion from a hell of unending tor- inent."
"All these," Canon Raven con- tinues, can be supported to some extent by scriptural phases; all of them have the authority of great theologians of the past and all of them preduce in us a sense of repulsion."
ND
GOLF.
HAPPY VALLEY » KOWLOON.
A match has been arranged be tween the Happy Valley Section R.H.K.G.C.) and the Kowloon Golf Club and will be played at the these failings in which you and IValley on Good Friday starting at share? Are not we morally bound 9 a.m. The teams will be :- to class ourselves along with the people who would not tolerate Jesus living among them, and so put Him to death i
Surely the Cross is not something over and done with long ago, but rather a standing condemnation of the kind of moral world in which we are too often content to live.
(9) We saw also that in a sense Christ laid Himself of His own free-will on that. Cross, because to have avoided it as He might have done, would have been "to be un- true to His nature and to His puy, pose, which were love, and the winning of mankind of God, by love
(3) Then I hope I was able to confirm in you the conviction, which I think is inescapable to un- prejudiced minds, that this Jeans is unique. He is not able to be comprehended in the word "Hu man" indeed He has for us all the values of God. His in the diving nature. His mind and heart are the human manifestations of the mind and heart of God. His attitude. to men is identical with that of God.
HAPPY VALLEY TEAM. A. O. Brawn, F. E. Booker, R. A Campbell. E. H. Edmonds, P. Mor.. rison, A. E. Charman, A. E. Clark. G. McLeod (Captain). E. Hanlon, H. Gelling. A. Macfarlane, A. Brooksbank, J.
Final playing order not definite. KOWLOON TEAM.
Dr. Cogan, D. C. Wilson (Capt.), J. D. Thonipon, J. Macknight, J. Mackintosh, G. H. Russell, T. Tait. W. S. Hillier, T. J. Price, A. East- man, A. A, Dand, W. Munday.
HOME FOOTBALL.
ENGLISH LEAQUE MATCH RESULTS.
(THROUGH REUTER'S AGENCY.]
LONDON, April 13. English League to-day. Sheffield Three matches were played in the Wednesday, First Division leaders, gave away a point to Manchester Caited. Resulta were as under- División I
Division II.
The Discussion.
(4) This unique Person spent Manchester U... 2 Wednesday ... 2 His life in winning men for God by loving them. He made the true Wolves
4 Cardi. U nature of God real to men. When
Division III. (Southern). He was present, God seemed very Merthyr 2 Coventry. hear and knowable. I believe that it Was just His inexhaustible friendliness and self-sacrificing love the shame and the sorrow which for men, coupled with His trans- form the golden gateway to a better parent holiness, which made even life. those who least deserved His friend. ship turn to Him and to God. It A discussion in the Cathedral was this alone which made men Hal followed the lecture, abandon the dismal service
A ques of tion was asked whether in the themselves and turn to the joy and crucifixion of Christ, God was re peace of fellowship with Him conciling Himself to men, and not which is the result of what the men to God. The Dean replied New Testament calls Remission of that it was never stated in the New Sins,
Testament that God reconciled Himself to men-it was always, the other way round. It would be much truer to say that men must be reconciled to God. In the In carnation of Jesus Christ and in. Ian's selfidentification with it this is effected.
(5) Then remember that the death of Jesus was but the climax of His life. His life was one of love: His death, on this side, was a death of love. He spent His life,
Perii of Metaphora. These four metaphors are still used by some, and there i avoiding the fact that although they do not now convey truth to most of us, yet they certainly have.com- mended themselves to men of real saintliness. Therefore they cannot be useless. There must be some truth in them. But just here lies the danger of any metaphor. A metaphor is applied because it ex presses soine aspect of apprehended truth, but instead of being used it a moderate way it tends to sand gave His life out of love for quire a right to be a full and ad- men. It was this undiscourageable equate explanation or a statement love in His life which changed the of the whole truth. This is what hearts and lives of men. It was behaviour
One member commented on the has happened in the case of me precisely the same in His death.
of Jesu towards taphors of the Atonement. In each
Zacchaeus. the sinner and social I believe this point to be of such outcast. In spite of the fact that there lies an element of truth which importance that I needs to be preserved, but they ask you to look at a single example and treated as altogether outside am going to he was shunned by the good folks ver ought to have been pressed of the effect which the love of Jesus the pate of decent society, Jesus beyond the point of illustrating had on that element. The principal ele Zacchaeus the publican was a social
men in His earthly life. chose to lodge in his house, when ment of truth in all these metaphors pariah. His business and his con-noticed the strong disapproval ex
He was in Jericho. Zacchaeus is that human sin, human rebelli- duet of it were such that he had pressed by the people and realised ouaness from God, is a very serious no triends it. The good folk what it cost Jesus to keep company matter indeed, terribly costly both shunned him, closed their doors to with him. Zacchaeus knew he was to men and to God. If they had him and treated him generally as dragging the Master down, been used merely to convey this altogether" outside the pale of de- this beautiful gesture of Jesus and truth, all would have been well.
cent society. Then Jesus came to touched his conscience and, brought The trouble has been that the use Jericho, of these metaphors has been allow.
about his salvation. The speaker remarked that never before had d to give men false ideas of God.
Jesus' power to "save" been brought Behind each of them at least as
home to her in such a clear man- popularly understood to-day-there
ner. larks an untrue conception God; a view. lower and less than that
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(1) Sacrifice, rightly understood, is inseparable from love and all that we recoguise as highest; it must therefore be an integral part of man's relation to God and God's to man. But for most of us of the present day "sacrifice" is a good deal connected with ideas of primi- tive superstition, such 18 the savage's bribing of his capricious deity; and thoughts of sacrifice in connection with the death of Christ tend, therefore, to be untrue, ua- less we succeed in freeing our minds from all association with such superstitious and false views of God.
(2) It is perhaps natural to certain minds to personify Evil in the form of Satan, but many of us to-day find it better not to do so. For us, therefore, it is impossible to conceive of Christ's death as a ranson paid. Such an idea seems to us to be based on quite false conceptions of God and His
universe.
(3) That man's sîn constitutes a debt to God is certainly true, but to speak of that debt being dis charged by the suffering of the in- nocent Jesus tends to convey to people's minds a totally un-Christ. like view of God.
(4) And lastly the thought that' "Christ's death could automatically eet men free from the consequences of their sins, like an unjust legal acquittal, supposes a God quite un- like the perfectly 'holy and perfect ly just God and Father of Jesus Christ...
These ideas of the Atonement seem to many of us inadequate and very often most misleading. What, then, is the Crong to mean to us? I am aware that the thoughts which I am going to put before you may very well seem as in adequate as those which I have been criticising; all the more so because I cannot do more than give the barest outline of the line of thought which is in my mind. However, I shall try shortly to pass on to you some ideas which have been helpful to me.
(1) We saw that the crucifixion great wrong. The sins of men nailed Christ to the Cross. Were those sins unique? There cowardice, selfishness, pre- Judice and indifference. ' Are not
WIS
Zacchaeus had no doubt heard much of Jesus, and now he is all eagerness to see what sort of per on He is. Imagine the feelings of this despised collector of taxes when Jesus announces that He must come to Zacchaeus house, Zacchaeus was certainly what men said of him a sinner, cruel, un- scrupulous and hard. There was a great deal in his life which Jesus could not but hate. Yet Jesus chose his house as His lodging, and salvation came with Him as He en- tered it.
ווי
"
question by stating that difficulties Another member prefaced his arise in some minds because they believe that God is not only Love but also Justice, and that for every, sinful act a punishment will be imposed. How would the crucif- xion the explained in this belief-
The Dean answered that Christ certainly died on the Cross because of men's sins, but that was not Befriending the Publican.
necessarily a punishment. À mo Probably the first thing which save her baby, and although she ther may rush' through flames to dawned in Zacchaeus in his amaze suffered in so doing, no one could ment was the muttering of the say that it was her punishment. crowd me they grumbled their dis A further example was that of a approval of Jesus keeping company mother who was in fact killed by with a sinner." Suddenly be re- her son's selfishness and indiffer alised what it cost the Master to ence. When the son became aware go to his house. It cost Jesus some of his mother'a great love for him thing to be the friend of Zacchaeus after her death, he reformed. The And Zacchaeus realised all at once mother suffered, but she was not that he was dragging Jesus down, punished.
I am sure this is what reached the
A questioner enquired whether it tender spot in Zacchaeus consci-was just that Christ should die on ence. He had never had a decent the Cross because of men's indiffer- friend before, and here was this ence Would it not have been more utterly.holy Ferson stooping to his merciful to spare Him from being level, associating himself with him crucified'? to the extent of sharing the shame of his life. Suddenly Zacebaeus came to see himself as never be fore-to hate his cupidity and cruelty and hardened heart-and to long to be worthy of the friendship of this amazing Friend.
So Jesus saved Zacchaeus from his ain. He won him by self-sacri- fieing love. He came down into the dirt to lift Zacchaeus out of it. No less costly method would have changed Zacchaeus,
The answer was that it would not have served Jesus' purpose. The people would not have scen His Message of divine love in such s clear manner. Christ's dying on the Cross was the most powerful thing He could do.
T
On being asked whether Christ's death was only valuable, in relation to ourselves and in no sense valu able to God, the lecturer replied that this opened up an aspect of the Crucifixion untouched hitherto, Now, as He was in life, so innamely that of the self-offering of death. Jesus died for such as the Representative Man. As Man, Zacchaeus, died rather than give Christ came to do the will of God, up befriending them. "Having and did it perfectly. The living loved His own, He loved them, unto out of His life of love was just the. end." Jesu accepted the this. In this sense the self-sacri great wrong of the crucifixion befiée of Christ was of infinite value Cause in it. He could show the to God... lengths to which His love would go
The lecturer was asked whether
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FINDING BY THE NEW YORK ATHLETIC COMMISSION.
[UNITED PRESS.]
New York, April 9.A survey of the boxing situation to-day showed that the National and the New York Athletic Commissions age. ther" recognize, only three boxing world champions. They are:
Bat Battalino, world leather- weight champion.
Sammy Mandell, world light. weight champion.
Jackie Fields, world welter- weight champion.
to raise men from their sinfulness God was aa forgiving before Christ
But ne Jesus of Nazareth was, died as He was now The Dean addition, recognized Midget Wal- The New York commission, in' so God is, eternally,
replied that God had always been
gast as world Byweight champion There is perpetual Cross in the as forgiving. The same member life, of God. My sins and yours further asked whether men's salva
by virtue of his recent win over are crucifying the Lord of Glory tion would have been the same if Black Bill; Al Brown as boatow atifl, and to this day, now, at this Christ had not come. The Dean weight champion; Mickey Walker moment, the love of God is stooping answered that in Christ God was as middleweight champion and right down to our level to raise us revealed to mankind. The fulness Jimmy Slattery as light heavy- from those ains Once let me sec of His love and longing to forgive weight champion. what my sin coats God and yet how could not have been appreciated or amazingly He continues to love me, made effective without Christ's and I am brought, to my knees in coming, and indeed without His
(Continued on next Column.) death.
In some quarters Mushy Callahan is granted the junior welterweight title and Benny Bass the junior lightweight championship.
1
Nobody anywhere appeared to disice to nominate a heavyweight champion at this stage of the pro- ceedings although, after the recent Scott-Sharkey fiasco it was serious- ly advanced by several British fistic experts that Scott had been robbed of a decision by foul, while Sharkey had beaten most of the other good men, which by a subtle process of logic rendered Scott the world heavyweight champion. This claim had not been pressed since the New York Athletic Commission upheld Lou Magnolia, the referee, in his decision in favour of Sharkey.
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