Sleeping Suits
For Summer
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Well cat and easy fitting in a variety of materials sultable for Spring § ̈and Summer. Wear.
Fine Zephyr. white-grounds, with coloured stripes, cat with short sleeves and knee length.
88:00 per smit,
Fine Aertex Cellular in plain white, "short sleeves, knee length.
$15.50 per muit,
Aertex Cellular in plain colours or stripe designs.
From 816.50 per suit. Poplin in plain colours and various stripe effects.
From 88.50 per suit. Aces subject to 10% discount for
We have many interesting styles to show you, and your request to look them over, at any time, carries no obligation whatsoever.
Mackintosh's
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from LANE CRAWFORD'S
and just want to let
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THE HONG KONG DAILY PRESS SATURDAY, MARCH 8.
OUTLINE OF BROADCASTING PRINCIPLES.
MR. W. L. MILLER'S HINTS TO RADIO
ENTHUSIASTS.
HONG KONG DIFFICULTIES AND OPPORTUNITIES.
Lecturing at the Institution of Engineers and Shipbuilders yesterday evening. Mr. W. L. Miller gave an interesting account of the history of Broadcasting and also outlined the principles ou which it works." He had some remarks about "broadcasting in Hong Kong" which should be of very, great use to the local enthusiast.
Thermionis Valve,
1930.
DESPICABLE OUTRAGE:
properly designed and adjusted RAID ON A GARDEN. A thermionic valve may also be will give enormous volume from the used as a detector and bas the ad- local station, and will give good vantage that its sensitivity is cori-loud speaker strength from Canton stant. Its output is insuficient to while, after dark, Manila, Shang work a loud speaker and in its sim hai and Japan can frequently be plest form bas very little advantage heard on the loud speaker. This is over a crystal detector for it is no the type of set which I can recom more sensitive and has the disad-mend to the listener in this Colony vantage of requiring batteries - to who is principally interested in 'ob- work it. However by making use taining good quality reproduction of a property called reaction it is from the focal station.. possible to obtain high frequency amplification as well as detection
400 "PLANTS DESTROYED.
We learn that a few days before. the flowerahow arranged by the Hong Kong Horticultural Society, Mr. Ha Kom. Tong, a regular ex- hibitor at the show, auffered the loss of some four hundred plantain circumstances which are, to say the least, peculiar,
The usual four valve set consists of a high frequency stage, a detec with a single-valye, with a copse-
tor and two low frequency stages. quent, increase in range. and This, in my opinion, is the most strength of signals. In reaction useful all round set for the listener energy is applied to the circuit in this Colony, its high frequency from a local battery in such a way stage makes it sensitive enough to as to boost up the oscillatory cur bring in the distant stations while rent flowing in the aerial circuit its two low frequency stages give Mr. Ho Kom Tong, as is general- and thus to increase the input to sufficient volume to operate a largely known, has a large and attrac- the detector. Too much reaction loud speaker, On a set of this
hould not be used for this will type I have received practically all tive garden" on Mount Davis, and destroy the quality of the reprodue the medium wavelength stations few nights prior to the show.
including Bangkok and hinto tion as it has the effect of cutting which can be heard in this coleby several intruders found their way into the garden in the small hours giving the music & boomy unnatural barovsk. Lone.
In sets of more than four yalves and deliberately destroyed, about It reaction is increased still fur- the additional valves consist of high four hundred flowering plants, ther she circuits commence to pro-frequency stages, for it is very dif-
SOME HINTS FOR LOCAL ENTHUSIASTS out the higher musical frequencies
Mr. Miller said in part-Broad- casting, and indeed all wireless communication," is carried out by waves set up in the aether. A wave is an undulating progressive mo- tion through any medium. Sea waves afford the most familiar ex- ample of waves. In the case of ses waves the velocity is only a few feet per second but wireless waves travel at the enormous speed of 188,000 miles per second, which is roughly equivalent to eight times
round the world in one second.
The distance between two waves is called the wave length and in wireless communication waves range
In Hong Kong.
Turning to Hong Kong itself the duce oscillations on their own and ficult to arrange more than two low some of which were beautiful :
first attempts at broadcasting took place at the end of 1909 from a 100 watt set at the Hong Kong Hotel which service only lasted a few montha During 1823 a small trans- mitter broadcast for a short time from the Kowloon Hotel, but, after this, it was not until 1926 that the now defunct Radio Society com- menced broadcasting. This service likewise closed down after & few months mainly, I believe, owing to lack of finance. Early in 1028 experi. ments were carried out from the Leo Theatre under the auspices
strong whistle is set up which completely spoils the reception.
It not only spoils the reception of that articular set but creates a similar whistle in other receivers for miles around, for the continu ous oscillation, produced is radiat ed as a wave and is picked up by other receivers.
Valve Recaivera.
frequency stages in a receiver. The speciarns which probably would extra high frequency stages add to have figured prominently in the the sensitivity and enable the set show, to work on a frame serial or on
were The intruders were disturbed at a few feet of wire hung round the their nefarious work by the garden- room. Another important advant-er who, hearing strange noises in age is an increase of selectivity the grounds, get up to ascertain the which enables a set of this type to enuse. His action probably pre- pick up distant stations although vented an even more wholesale there are several powerful, trans destruction of Mr. He Kom Tong's
....... intended exhibits. mitters within a few miles.
Short Waves.
It is gratifying that, in spite of Kem Tong was able to exhibit. a special display of vegetables and sweet-pens at Thursday's flower.... show which commanded much atten tion. Mr. Ho Kom Tong, also car- ried off some, prizes with his other exhibits, but flower-lovers generally
his loss.
Decillation is rightly prohibited by the terms of the receiving licence but a few minutes listening around 9 p.m. will soon show what ju The preceding remarks refer al-this exasperating incident, Mr. Ho little heed is taken of this regula most entirely to reception on what tion and, for the sake of all, is known as the medium broadcast would repeat Captain Eckersley'swave band, that is from 250 to 550 well-known words "Don't do it.". metres. number of stations broadcast on waves between 15 and A single valve receiver while un-80 metres which are commonly will give telephone signals from able under certain conditions of stations at quite long distances. travelling enormous distances: Lis On a single valve I have received tening on these short waves made to the proper authorities, and A report of the outrage has beca both Manila and Japan on the me most fascinating experience for at
times it is possible to receive ata inquiries are being made. tions all over the world on a simple two valve set.
ing between 10 metres and 20,000 of the Y.M.C.A. Entertainment able to give loud speaker signals known as short waves and are, cap will commiserate with Mr. Hoon
metres in length are used. This is,
roughly, between 30 feet and 12 miles. For broadcasting purposes waves between about 250 and 530
A small
mium wave lengths.
Committee but their continuance. was rendered unnecessary when the Government started broadcasting from the Peak in 1998. Start- ing in
Two valve receivers generally metres are those commonly used in spite of very little encourage amplification added to a detector
way
and consist of a stage of low frequency although certain experimental longment from listeners in the form of valve and this arrangement gives distance stations use waves between licence fees the service has been
sufficient output to work a loud 15 and 60 metres, while in Europe gradually improved and extended station, while on the telephones speaker within a few miles of a there are * few stations using until to-day wo have
many distant stations may be heard waves between 1,200 and 2,000 mevice of several hours. The station ns. I have heard Calcutta at at fair strength. Here in Hong
tres.
a
The whole time a broadcasting station is working it is radiating steady continuous wave which normally causes no sound at the receiver. The speech and music are superimposed on this steady wave
in such a manner that a loud sound causes the amplitude of the ware to vary greatly while a soft sound causes it to vary but little. In a similar way a high pitched note causes the amplitude to vary quick ly while a low pitched sound causes it to vary comparatively slowly. As the radiated wave is varying in sympathy with the speech or music the current produced in the rc ceiving aerial varies in a similar manner and the job of a wireless receiver is to so amplify and con. vert this current that it produces in the loud speaker or headphones a faithful copy of the sounda pick- ed up by the microphone at the transmitter. I shall try to show you how this is done in the third part of my lecture,
a daily ser
now has a well equipped studio, and the quality of its transmis sions, especially of the gramophone records, is extremely good.
Kong hare heard Calu-valve receiver.
two general classes, those consisting Three valve receivers fall into
These short waves are very sus- As a final word on receivers I ceptible to climatic influences, might mention the question of po Fading is considered to be due tower supply. The amount required paths from the transmitter and on receivers do not consume any more the waves travelling by two or more is quite small, for the largest of
arrival at the receiver mixing in than one quarter of the power re- periodical rise and fall in the the last year or so batteries were such a manner as to produce aquired for an electric iron. Up to signal strength.
almost the only source of power The ordinary broadcast receiver and they are still practically ception without considerable mo is not suitable for short wave re- necessity for short wave receivers. The modern tendency with normal of a detector and two low frequency dification and it is usually better broadcast receivers is to make us Handicapped as they are in the valves and those with one high, fre- to have a separate set for short of the electric supply mains för matter of finance, I think those in quency, a detector and one low fre-wave work...
this purpose with a consequent les- (Continued on next Column.) charge have done very well, for theyquency stage. The former when
sening of upkeep costs.
are always trying some new stunt to keep the programmes interesting and varied and the latest experi ment of relaying distant stations, is a development which I think is to be encouraged, for in this direc tion lies the solution of the pro- blem of lack of talent.. I would' urge them to explore every way of improving this relaying for, if listeners were reasonably certain of getting oven the two hours' lunch time programme from London every night, there would be a tremendous
up to the sate of licenses.
Receivers and Receiving.
I now come to the third part of my lecture which deals with, the problem of receivers and receiving in general.
A properly constructed wireless Broadcasting in the Far East..
receiver will only respond to waver of une particular length and 11 In the East and Far East Japan We wish to get an appreciable ze is the only country with a well sult from an "incoming wave we developed broadcasting organisa. must so adjust the electrical pro- tion and there are several po-perties of the receiving circuita werful stations in the chief that they will be responsive to sign- cities, many of which can be heard als of the required wave length. in Hong Kong. In other eastern This process is called tuning. countries broadcasting has been Now when we have obtained our handicapped by the general low signal by tuning it is necessary. standard of living among the to make it audible. Unfortunately native population on the one hand we cannot pass it directly through and by the smallness of the Euro the telephours or loud speaker for pean communities and consequent the rate at which the received cur lack of entertainment on the other, rent is oscillating is much too high "In India an organisation was for the human ear to respond to, founded on the same lines as the so it is necessary to filter out the 5.B.C. and is known as the Indian high frequency oscillations leaving Broadcasting Company. It has only the low frequency variations had a rather unfortunate career due to the speech which, when pass mainly due to lack of revenue ed through the telephones, will pro- owing to the Apathy of the Indian duce sounds. The instrument that Government in collecting licence does this is called the detector fees and the consequent large num- A detector will not respond if ber of pirates. It has had to cur the high frequency currents appli- tail its service recently and, it is ed to it, are below a certain value rumoured, may have to close alto and thus, if the received energy gether...
is very small; it is necessary to boost it up by means of a valve be fore applying it to the detector and similarly several valves may be used for this purpose.
In Manila & station is run by the Radio Corporation of the Philippines and next to our local station and Canton this is the most. easily received station in this colony for his shortwave transmis sions come in with tremendous po wer on a well designed set. This atation. Jikewise suffers from lack of talent, for the programmes are largely made up of gramophone re corder
To summarise the above require- ments in a receiver it will be seen- that the following are the necessary. parts of a receiver:
Dan
Firstly. A tuning device to select the required station."
Becondly A high frequency Pada de amplifier to amplify the high fre There are several broadcasting quency oscillations so that they stations in China including two are large enough to work the de- in Shanghai and one in Canton. tector efficiently, The former broadcast a goodly pre portion of Furopean Music but are "somewhat difficult to receive here
Thirdly. A detector to change the high frequency currents into | Tow frequency ones.
NAL
and it has to be a first clase setFourthly, A low frequency am-
and a good night to get satisfac tory reception from them. Canton of course can be received on almost any kind of set but as the program- mos consist almost entirely: -of Chinese entertainment they are only of interest to the Chinens listeners of the Colony.
plifier to amplify the detector ouput so that it may produce anflicient volume in the reprodu-
cer.
2. Lastly... A reproducing devics which is usually loud speaker but, in very simple sets,, may be. a pair of telephones.
New, Unrivaled, Life-like Are These Victor
Red Seal Recordings
One of the most masterly Victor Records of all time is Bloch's Concerto Grosso, which Fabien Sevitzky and the Philadelphia Chamber String Simfonietta have recorded for release this month. Here is music that vitalizes the powers of the small string orchestra to the utmost; here is a recording that couples high genius with flesh-and-blood reality! To keep it company is a truly inspiring and entirely complete recording of The Pirates of Penzance, performed by the Rupert D'Oyly Carte Light Opera Company and Orchestra. Crystal-clear diction, bright and sparkling interpretation, place this album of Victor Records among the best within recent times. There are a large number of other Red Seal Recards which you will want to hear and keep forever. You are cordially invited to hear them on our Victor Radio-Electrola..
MUSICAL MASTERPIECE
Concerto Grosso (Ernest Bloch) Arioso (Bach)
FARIEN SEVITZKY AND PHILADELPHIA CHAMBER STRING SIMFONI In Album M-66 (Nos. 9596-9590), AM-66 (No«, 9599-9601). On 8 Double-Faced Victor Records with Explanatory Folder.. List Prico, 15:00. CONCERT SERIES
The Pirates of Penzance (Gilbert-Sullivan)
HUPERT DOYLy Carte Light OPERA COMPANT AND ORCHESTRA In Album C-6 (Nos. 9607-9617). AC-6 (No. 9618-968). On II Double-Faced Victor Records with Libretto. Lat Price, BI550,-
Christian Science Hymns Album
FLORENCE MIDDAUCHI (Contralto) CLAUDE E SAUNIER (Ceannist) In Allram C-7 (Nos. 4171-41729629-9630),' On 4 Double-Faced Victor Récords." List Price, $5.50.
RED SEAL RECORDS Clarelitos (Carnations) (Valverde) ·
2. Estrellita (Little Star) (Ponce) Russlan Nightingale Song (Alabies).
AMELITA GALLE CURCI
No. 1440, 10-inch Lean Sofr (Evening Fair)
(Bourget Debussy) Clair de Lane (The Wistful Moon) (Veriams-Beule, Op. 83, No. 1) E
Mart Carto
No. 1639, 10-inch
Phidre Overture Parts 1 and 2
(Massenet)rtuel ÁLSHED HERTZ-AND--""
SAN FRANCISCO STMPHONY ORCHESTRA
No. 7155, 12-inch
go (Eocles Koussevitzky) hansan Triste (Koussevitzky, Op. 2)
BERCE KOUKSEVITZKY,
Tio, 7159, 12-inch
Sonata in G Major (Beethoven,
Op. 30, No. 3) Violin and Piano
FRITZ KREISLER-SERGET RACHMANINOSY
No. 8163 and 8164, 12-fach
Faust --Le vean d'or ^
(Gounod)
(Calf of Gold)
Norma-Abl del Tebrp (Haughty
Roman) EZO PIZA OPERA CHORUS.
190. 2053, 12-Inch
Pesca d'ammore (Love's Angling)
(Bracco Barthélémy)
Co stevá 'na rota (Racentino)
(Vads Crescenzo)TITO SCHIPA
No. 1423, 20-inch
Fête-Dieu à Séville-Parts 1 and 2-
(Holiday in Sevillo), ((Albenia): LID OLD ETOŁOWSKI AND THE
KREPILADELPHIA ORCHESTRA
No. 7158, 12-izola
S. Moutrie & Co., Ltd.
(Victor Distributors)
Chater Road.