BRITAIN'S VIEWS ON EXTRALITY.
STRAIGHT SPEAKING TO CHINA.
A LITTLE ANCIENT HISTORY.
THE PROTECTION OF NATIONALS.
[THROUGH REUTER'S ACENCY.]
LONDON, Sept. 4.
The text of the British Extrality
Sympathetic "Attention. "His Majesty's Government re-
Note was delivered to Nanking on cognise the defects and inconveni- August 10.
ences of the system of consular It runs as follows:-
of Nanking."
Sir, I have the honour to acknow.
jurisdiction to which the Govern
THE HONG KONG DAILY PRESS, THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 5, 1929.
THE LOAD-LINE QUESTION.
RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE
CONFERENCE.
PERTINENT DECISIONS.
(THHOUGH REUTÉR'S AGENCY.]
LONDON, Sept. 3.
The committes appointed by the in 1997 to advice regarding the load. President of the Board of Trade line for ships, has issued a report to say that in connection with that the restrictions imposed by British law never worked satisfac torily, and that it will recommend Board of Trade to make regulations now legislation empowering the
for the carriage of such cargoes, and modify them, paying due regard to any representations by interests concerned,
ARABS' PROTEST IN CHINESE DELEGATE
PALESTINE.
THE BRITISH ZIONIST POLICY,
FERVID OBJECTIONS.
(THROUGH REUTER'S, AGENCY, ]
AT GENEVA.
REVISION OF TREATIES
WANTED.
WHAT CHINA KNOWS,
(THKOVOE REUTER'S AGENCY,]
GENEVA, Sept. 4. JERUSALEM, Sept. 4,
In the debate at the assembly on has replied to the Chancellor's pro-
The Aral Executive in Palestine the report of the League's work, the proclamation with astonish-gate, and that China was a most clamation. They say they have read Dr. C. C. Wu, Ast Chinese dele. mens and regret and point out that powerful and peace loving nation, most Jews are armed, and that the and would cordially co-operate in Government has armed many Jews.
the work of disarmament. No Jews were mutilated, even in
He paid a warm tribute to Mr. tain Arabs were mutilated by Jews, riding that revision of Treaties is and Jewish
clause 10 of the Covenant (pre no longer applicable) women and children.
applied.
Speaking of disarmament, he said that China has learned in the past that a peaceful nation which "did not protect itself against aggres. sion did not get peace, but invited further aggression.
mobs killed Arab
The Jews committed "the first and even British soldiers shot Arab murders, of woman and children, men, women, and children at Sour
Baher and elsewhere.
nct
AN "OPTIONAL CLAUSE ASSEMBLY."
PREMIER'S SPEECH AT GENEVA,
THE QUESTION OF PARITY.
AMERICAN MEMBERSHIP PROBLEM.
(THROUGH REUTER'S AGENCY.]
Was
GENEVA, Sept. 3. Mr. MacDonald continued that Ramsay MacDonald, addressing bitration. He then made the op The British Premier, Mr. J. the foundation of peace was ar
Nation to-day, announced amid said that the nation in accepting the Assembly of the League of sional clause announcement, and cheers that the British Govern- the mandate, had accepted a na ment had decided to sign the optional responsibility. There tional clause of The Hague statute no racial conflict in Palestine be- binding the signatories to submit tween the treaties, and questions of in- tion could ever tolerate such ab the Moslems and Jews. concerning the interpretation of lawlessness and disorder. No na- ternational law. He added that outbreak. Our first duty was to the form of British adherence was get the situation in hand. That now being prepared. He believed had been done. Our second duty that each of the Dominions would was to enquire into all the circum- instruct its representatives at ataaces and discover the reasons Geneva to sign the clause before for the outbreak and prevent its The troubles in Palestine are
the Assembly closed. He hoped recurrence. He concluded that the that this session would be known League must do more to solve in- the past and present direct re- sult of British Zionist policy
as the "optional elause Assembly."ternational economic problema. which aims at annihilating the Arab nation in favour of reviving
Premier and Self-Respect.
Tariff barriera were unjustified. They produced poverty and low Mr. MacDonald, in the outset of a non-existent Jewish nation.”
wages. The Arabs insist on an #im-Geneva, the Chinese delegation, most important, contributions to his speech said that one of the
An Agreement.
Zionist influence." partial inquiry by outsiders, whose interviewed by Reuter, know abo- the League's peace-making task sense of justice is not curbed by lutely nothing on the subject and had been the work of the experts
regard the report as most improbat The Hague. The British at able. The same view was exprese titude at The Hague was prompt ed by a representative of the Tass MALTA, Sept. 4.
ed by self-respect. " Agency, who is only a Russian Despite the improved situation semi-official agent in Geneva. in Palestine the battleship Royal Dr. C. C. Wu referring to the Sovereign and the aircraft-carrier Sino-Russian conflict declared that Eagle and two destroyers are although China claimed she was standing ready to proceed to Pales not responsible for the dispute, she time if events demand their pre-prepared to use all means which sence.
Commission of Enquiry,
the Kellogg Pact provided to secure a peaceful settlement:
His Excellener Dr. C. T. Wang, I ment of China bave on various ochips carrying timber deck cargoes Hebron, "and on the contrary, ver. MacDonald's speech, and asked why | to arrbitration all legal disputes This was simply an outbreak of Wang, Minister of Foreign Affairs casions drawn attention. In 100 in Article 12 of the Treaty of Com mence between Great Britain and ledge the receipt of your note of China, signed in that year, Bix April 27, in which you inform me Majesty's Government stated their of the desire of the National readiness to relinquish their extra Government of the Chinese Republio ! territorial rights when they were that the restrictions imposed on the antisfied that the state of Chinese jurisdictional sovereignty of China laws, the arrangements for their administration, and other considera- by the system of extrality now in tions, warranted them in so doing. force should be removed at the They have since watched with ap- earliest possible date, with a view preciation the progress which China to the assumption of jurisdiction by has made in the assimiliation of China over all nationala in her own reference is made in your Note Western legal principles, to which
under reply, and they have observed with deep interest the facts set out, and the recommendations made in the Report of the Commission on Extrality in the year 1928.
domain,
"I have communicated the con- tents of your letter to my Govern, ment, and I am now instructed to transmit to you a reply in the following sense.
Recent Events,
These regulations will apply to all ships carrying such cargoes en- gaged in any voyage and, at any
committee leave the amount of 160403. Regarding tankers, the
deeper loading for an international decision.
Regarding the seasonal load-lines the Committee received a deputa. tion from the Chamber of Ship ping. Liverpool Steamship Owners Association, and also representa tives from the Governments of Australia, New Zealand and South Africa...
|
H.M. Ships Stand By,
Dr. Wu's speech was cheered. With reference to a report that Sino-Russian negotiations were probably being transferred to
13
,,
NO GREYHOUNDS IN
CHINA...
"Animated by the friendly feel- More recently, in the declaration ings which they have always enter- tained towards the Government and which they published in December, people of China His Majesty's Gov-1026, and the proposals which they ernment has given their sympathetic made to the Chinese authorities in consideration to the request of the January, 1997, His Majesty's Gov-
The committee, without depart. Chinese Government relating to the ment have given concrete evidence abolition of extra-territorial juris- of their desire to meet in a spiriting from the primary consideration -diction in China.
of friendship and sympathy the upon what the recommendations of legitimate aspirations of the Chinese the zones of the committee are The high importance of this people. They have already travel-based, were able to make reason subject in its bearing both on the led some distance along the road. able adjustments to meet some of political development of China, and marked out in those documents, the claims advanced, and finally the future relations between China and they are willing to examine in recommended the adoption of and Great Britain, appears to de-collaboration with Chinese general rules, to be postponed mand that it should be closely i Government the whole problem of pending the outcome of an Intermediate causes of the recent out-issued an order to the Inspector-
extra-territorial jurisdiction, with 'n 'national Conference. view to ascertaining what further steps in the same direction it may he possible to take at the present time.
examined from every aspect.
''In particular, a just apprecia- tion of the reasons for which, and the manner in which the present system of extrality came into exist- ence, seems essential to a considera. tion of the proper method for deal- ing with the problem.
"The system of extrality in force in China has its roots deep down in
the past.
· Ancient History. "For thousands of years before science had improved its communi- cations, the Chinese people were secluded from the rest of the world by deserts and the ocean, and they developed a civilisation and a policy peculiar to themselves.
"A wide gulf was thus fixed be- tween Europe and America, on the one hand, and China on the other.
the
Courts Not Approved. "The British Government would, however, observe that the promul- gation of endes embodying Western legal principles represents only one portion of the task to be accom- plished before it would be safe to abandon in their entirety the special arrangements which have up to now regulated the residence of foreigners in China.
་
"In order that those reforms should become a living reality it.. appears to the British Government to be necessary that Western legal principles should be understood, and be found acceptable by the people at large, no less than by their rulers and that the courts which adminis- ter these laws should be free from interference and dictation at the hands, not only of military chiefs but of groups, and associations who either set up arbitrary and illegal to use legal courts for the further ance of political objects, rather When traders of the West first than for the administration of equal found their way to the coast of justice between Chinese and Chi- China the Chinese Government found it difficult to allow them ae, and Chinese and foreigners.
In particular, the conception of international relations as being an intercourse between equal and independent states-a conception which was woven into the very tex- ture of the political ideas of the nations of the West, was entirely alien to Chinese modes of thought.
freely to enter into their country
and mingle with their people, nor did they recognise that the nations to which they belonged were the equals of China.
Straight Words,
ca
|
tribunals of their own, or attempt
Conditions Lald Down.
"Not until these conditions are fulfilled in a far greater measure than appears to be the case to-day will it be practicable for British merchants to reside trade and own property throughout the territories of China, with the same equality privileges are accorded to Chinese merchants in Great Britain.
NEW MINISTER · TO
BUCHAREST,
WELL KNOWN DIPLOMAT.
(THROUGH REUTEE'S AGENCY.}
LONDON, Sept. 3. Mr. Charles Michael Palairet, C.M.G.. a Counsellor in the Diplo matic Service, has been appointed
British Minister in Bucharest.
year
[Mr. Palairet, who was educated at Eton, became an attache at the
lowing Foreign Office in 1905, and the fol- was appointed to Rome. In 1907 he became third Secretary, and was transferred to Vienna in 1908. From there he went to Paris as second Secretary until 1913. In 1917 he was trans- ferred to Athens, and attached to the Peace Delegation in Paris from 1918-19. He was Counsellor and was transferred to Peking in of the Embassy at Tokyo in 1922,
1025, where he remained for year.].
SOVIET'S NEW COLONY,
ช
LONDON, Sept. 3. The Colonial Office, after making reference to the steps taken to re- store order in Palestine, and the measures adopted in respect of the trial of many of those arrested, an- nounces that a Commission of En- quiry will proceed to Palestine this month to enquire into the im breaks, including the extent to
(THROUGE HEUTER'S AGENCY.}
SHANGHAI, Sept. 4. The National Government has
which they may be regarded as pre- General of Customs forbidding the concerted, or due to organised import of greyhounds to China.
action.
The Chairman of the Commission NEW APPOINTMENT FROM
will be Sir Walter Shaw, with whom will be associated three Mem- bers of Parliament, selected from each of the three political parties.
The Palestins Mandate, **
LATER.
The Colonial Office, in view of the auggestions made in certain quar- ters, states that the British Govern- entwishes to make clear that there is no idea of reconsidering the British tenure of the Palestine mandate. No enquiry is contem- plated which might alter Great Britain's position in regard to the mandate, or the policy laid down by the Balfour Declaration. The enquiry now initiated, therefore, will be limited to the immediate emergency, and will not extend considerations to the major policy. When the report is received the Government will earnestly consider. along what lines, within the terms of the mandate, their future policy in Palestine should be directed.
The situation in Falestine is described by the Colonial Office as generally quiet, but local in- cidents occurred in the north.
“.
NANKING,
(THROUGH REUTER'S AGENCY.}
NANZING, Sept. 4. The resignation of Wang Teeng has been accepted by the Executive Yuan.
The Premier said that next week, five months before it was
supposed possible, the first batte lion of, the British Rhine Army would march from Germany, never
to return.
The League must now with an- divided mind apply itself to the problem of disarmament, The British Government would do its utmost to hasten the disarmament conference. The first contribution must be in the field of naval arma- ments, and the Anglo-American agreement was the first prelimin ary to a sucessful international agreement.
England and America, Mr. MacDonald said that the Anglo-American conversations were
LONDON, Sept. 3. Ip regard to Mr. MacDonald's reference to the British-American naval agreement, only three of the 20 points are outstanding at the present moment.
Good Progress.
WASHINGTON, Sept.-3. ald's speech, Mr. H. L. Stimson.
Commenting on Mr. MacDon.
the Secretary of State, said that^- considerable period of hard work
details was still required be- fore agreement on the British- hopeful progress was being made. American parity was reached, but
"
U.S. Naval Plans.
WASHINGTON, Sept. 3 After A conference with Mr. Hoover at White House, Mr. Pale, chairman of the Senate Naval Committee, predicted that all the 15 cruisers authorised by Con gress would be constructed.
He added that the President be by no means directed against any lieved that such a course was ne one. The British Government decessary, regardless of what Anglo- clined absolutely to build against American agreement was reached.
..
the United States. The conversa-
Mr. Bruce's Opinion. tions were not yet ended but agree- ment had gone far, and a docu-
CANBERRA, Sept. 4, ment containing 20 points of! The Premier, Mr. Bruce, speak- agreement might be produced. king to representatives, said that
We are out for a document the signature of the Dominions that will establish peace, besides representatives to the optional agreement on naval rations," de clause would be subject to reserva. clared the Premier and said he tiana which are now being discuss- ap-nouncement of agreement could would have.
was by no means sure that the an- ed. _st Geneva," and Parliament an opportunity to not be made before the end of this debate the matter before ratifica- Assembly,
tion:
Li Chao Huan, counsellor of the
Railway Ministry, has been pointed as his successor.
RETIRED MISSIONARY'S
SUICIDE.
FORMER WORKER ON THIBETAN BORDER.
{" D.P," Special Service,]
Los Angeles, August 28.-James Egden, 61 years of age and a former. missionary at Estaren, on the Thibetan border, committed suicide here today.
Members of his family said that he had been worried over poor
An attack on the Police barracks health and financial trouble since at Hattin, eight miles west of his retirement from the mission Tiberias, on Sunday night, was field a year ago.—United Press. accessfully repulsed. There was alight hand-to-hand fighting at Yesudhamala, north of Lake Tiberias, and some arresta were made. British troops suffered no
"These traders were, therefore, of freedom and safety as these teorological station in the world casualties. The general attitude of
IN THE FROZEN NORTH.
"{THROUGH LICTER'S AGENCY.]
Moscow, Sept. a. The most northerly wireless me was established at Tranquil Bay. the trans-Jordanian Tribes is satis- Franz Josef Land, by a Sovict ex-factory, except in two small areas pedition aboard an icebreaker, in the north which has now returned to Russia.
Buildings are being erected at the first Soviet colonists. Franz Josef Land to accommodate GRAF
"Any agreement purporting to accord such privileges to British time to come a mers paper agree merchants would remain by some
ment, to which it would be impos sible to give effect in practice. · Any attempt prematurely to accord auch privileges would not only be of no NO PARIS STANDARDS FOR benefit to British merchants but might involve the Government and
HANKOW. people of China.in political and economic difficulties.
QUARREL OVER THEATRE LICENCE.
confined to a small section of a single city in one corner of the Empire, and while on the one hand they were subjected to many die. nbilities, and to grave humiliations, on the other hand, by a species of amorphous and unregulated ex- trality, which was the natural out- come of these conditiona, the res ponsibility of managing their own order affairs and maintaining amongst themselves, was in some measure left to their own initiative.
"Relations continued for many years upon this insecure and un- satisfactory footing. Friction was, often dangerously intense, and con- So long, as these conditions sub- flirts not infrequently arose, gen- sist there appears be no practicable erally out of demands that some alternative to maintaining, though innocent person should be sur- perhapa__in modified form, the rendered for execution to expiate Treaty Port system that has served perhaps an accidental homicide, or for nearly a century to régulate that foreign authority should assume intercourse between China and the responsibility for enforcing the revenue laws of China.
Practicable Measures,
British subjects within her domain. "Some system of extrality is the The object of the first Treatica natural corollary for the maintain was to secure recognition by China ence of the Treaty Port system, and of Great Britain's equality with the problem as it presents itself to herself, and to define, and regulate the British Government at the pre- discover what the extra-territorial status of British scat moment is
further modifications that system subjects.
beyond those already made, and alluded to above, it would be desir able and practicable to effect.
Relations between the two coun- tries having, thus been placed on a footing of eauality, and mutual
"The British Government awaits respect, Great Britain was content farther proposals from the National that her nationals should continue Government as to the procedure to bear those responsibilities and now to be adopted for examining to labour under those disabilities this question, and they instruct me. which the respect for the sovereign- to nesare Your Excellency that they ty of China entailed upon them. will continue to maintain towards "Conditions did not permit the may such proposals the same friendly general opening of the interior of and helpful attitude, to which Your China, and the residence of foreign Excellency has paid so generous a ers has consequently continued down tribute in the concluding paragraph to the present day, to be restricted of your Note under reply. to a limited number of cities, known "I avail myself, etc., as Treaty Ports.
"MILES W. Lampson."
ZEPPELIN ARRIVES
HOME.
(THROUGH REUTER'S AGENCY.].
- FRIEDRICHSHAFEN, Sept. 4. The Graf Zeppelin landed here at
8.50 a.m.
"THE BUZZERS FOLLIES.'
SUCCESSFUL DEBUT OF A
OLEVER TROUPE.
We shall probably hear and see a lot of "the Buzzers Follies," during the autumn and winter. They are a very capable, troupe of eight, including four ladies, from the 1st Batta. Somereet Light In- Lantry, and they made a very suc cessful debut last night at the BN: Canteen Theatre, the ocension being concert arranged by the E.A.0.B. Club in aid of the vio tims of the naval disasters to the. submarines H47 and L12 and on board H.M.8. Devonshire..
A large number of people, from JACK DEMPSEY A "BAD the Services and civilians werB
ACTOR."
SUSPENDED OVER A "TALKIE" DISPUTE.
["DP Special-Service.]
"
AMERICA'S POSITION.
MEMBERSHIP IN THE
BALANCE.
["D.P." Special Service.]
GENEVA, Sept. 3. The possibility of the United States adhesion to the League of Nations' Permanent Court of In ternational Justice at the Hague was hanging in the balance when & conference of all signatories of the Court's Protocol convened here to-day.
The conference was especially charge with the task of consider ing the Root project for the ac ceptanec by all members of the Court of the fifth reservation made by the American Senate relative the granting of advisory opinions by the Court.
to
Delicate Situation.
extremely delicate, for while it is The situation is conceded to be believed that the Root project may be acceptable to the American Government, and especially to the Senate, the rule of unanimity makes it imperative that it be ac cented likewise by every member of the Court.
A single dissenting voice at the present conference would be suf- cient to tender impossible the no- ceptance of the Root project for the meeting of the Senate's reser vations relative to the United States adhesion to the Court.
The Root Project What is even more delicate, however, is the fact that should the present conference unanimous
United States to see if the latter, has any objections thereto.
Should the United States object, an effort will then be made to find A formula which both parties can accept, or the League may decide in view of the United States ob jections not to ask for the opinion.
The Principal Fear.
If, however, no formula can be found and the League feels it must still ask the Court's opinion in spite of the objections of the United States, the latter will al- ways have the right to withdraw from the Court. The principal fear that some country may refuse either to accept or ratify the Root protocol is based on the attitude of the Latin American countries.
It is an open fact that one of the principal reasons for the Senate's reservation relative to the granting of advisory opinions' was that it did not care to have the Court grant an opinion in any case in which the Monroe doctrine might be involved. On the other American countries would not, ob- hand, it is known that many Latin ject in the least to haying the League's Hague Court pronounce on this question.
In the second place, if the Latin American countries accept the Root protocol, it ties their hands in asking the Court's opinion in any case in which the Monroe doc- trine might be involved.
52 Delegates Present,
means certain that during the As a consequence it is by no
conference which opened to-day. that the Root protocol will have the easy going which had been hoped for it.
We now have the authority of the Chairman of the Hupeh Pro- vincial Council, Mr. Fang Pen
present and thoroughly enjoyed the programme. The troupe act well Jen, for the statement that Han-
together and have an admirable kow is not Paris. This very obví.
accompaniet in Mrs. Smart, and a ous truth forms part of an argu-
good accompanist is half the battle ment used by Mr. Fang in com-
in n pierrot show, They have also batting the idea that the French
a good vocalist, in Mrs. R. Naylor,
What is really more feared, how Municipal authorities are within
who took her own turns extremely
ever, is that the conference itself their rights in licensing a "flower-
New York, August 29-Jackwell and kept the chorus together, ly accept the Root project, it will may unanimously accept it, and drum" theatre, which has been Dempsey is suspended from mem- The post office scene-have we not
still be necessary for every Gov-I then some State" diplomatically ordered by the Chinese City Fabership in the Actors' Equity all we теге men suffered from ernment concerned to ratify the either forget to ratify it or delay
Association. thers to close.
superior young ladies who will
Boot protocol. Here again, should its ratification so lang, that the This was reported to have been neither serve us nor flirt with na The Chairman urges that stand- ards which are acceptable in the done because the former heavy-caused great amusement, and Mr.
a single Government refuse, or present favourable tendency in the "intentionally" or uninten-United States towards adhesion gay capital of France are not of weight champion, who capitalized L. J. Case had everyone, laughing tionally" forget to ratify the pro to the Court may be entirely frus necessity acceptable even in his pugilistic fame on the etage at his George Robey's humour ject, the United States would re-trated. French Concession in the heart of for a short time, opposed Equity's about the Vicar's fancy dress ball-main barred from adhesion to the Chinese territory.
The conference which opened to- attempt to impose its rules upon and the parsley costume!
Court,
day was attended by delegations opinion does not, and will not, ad-
He says that Chinese public motion pictures.
Mrs. D. Jeffries, also amused us The Root protocol for the accep- fram all of the fifty-two- States Both Dempsey and his wife, in her duet with C.8.M. H. Leigh tance of the United States fith which are members of the Court. mit on the stage indecencies which Extello Taylor, have worked in the as the modern young lady who reservation for adhesion to the The delegates were. drawn without - are allowed in Paris, and he de pictures, though they have not been isn't "giving much away," and Court was perfected early this exception from the delegations of clares that the people of Wuhan involved in the "talkies" which keeps young men in their places 1 year by a commission of interna the same States which are attend- are getting roused over this ques caused the trouble Introduction The other members of the troupe, tional jurists appointed by the ing the present Assembly of the tion and are making plans for tak of the talking motion picture Mm. N. Trickey, Mrs. D. Jeffries, league to solve the problem.
League, of Nations. ing back, the French Concession. brought many actor members of RQ.M.S. Jeffries and C.B.M, A It provides that should either As soon as the conference has He will report the whole matter to Equity into motion picture work Leigh all pulled their weight, the League Council of assembly taken final action on the Root pro- the Foreign Office at Nanking and and precipitated a commotion when and sent the audience home well desire to ask the Hague Court for tocol it will also come before the ask that such steps shall be taken the organization tried to impose contented. Not the least merit of an advisory opinion on any sub League Assembly, where it i as will restrain the wrath of the stage rules on the picture lots.the performance was that it was "ject, the League will first enter hoped it will meet with unanimous. people.
United Press.
not too long.
into direct negotiations with the approval.-United Prest.
1: