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THE HONG KONG DAILY PRESS, TUESDAY, JANUARY 1st, 1929.
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MOTORING
THE PROBLEM OF TIRE WEAR.
U.S. RUBBER ASSOCIATION
REPORT.
of
Increased motor traffic, higher speed, and longer distances have not eased the stress put on tires. Tho Rubber Association America, which has collected in formation about the
of rapid tread wear, has allowed our Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders to circulate it to those concerned.
causes
NOTES
(CONTD.)
STUDEBAKER'S DIRECTOR
SEDAN.
THE THIRD TEST. MATCH.
ENGLAND LOSE A WICKET.
HOBBS' GREAT RECORD:
(THROUGH RAUTER'S SERVICE}
MELDOFENT, Dec. 31st. A crowd of 33,000 collected in brilliant weather to see Ryder (111) and Bradman (2) resume the Aus-
A tributo American motor-car manufactis is paid in an inter- esting article by Capt. E. De Nor manville, a leading British motor critic in a recent issue of the Auto Motor Journal of London.
He describes Studebaker now Director Sedan za an example of the success of an American builder in creating an inexpensive ear with high standards of performance, tralian innings, which had reached 978 (or 4 wickets Ryder's great style, and comfort.
This car has a number of innings came to a close early this ingenious details in its equipment morning, for he put one of Tate's and also some exclusive features, but to my mind its pre-eminent up to short leg when he had only
His innings lasted'} charm is the possession of a good added one run. sized engine which is capable of go0 minutes and he showed great giving you remarkable car driving powers, hitting one è and
་་
is stated that the real cause of rapid tread wear are the, condi-formance. tions and the manner in which To give you an impression of motors, are driven. Possibly what it can achieve we will take British tires are bettar made and
the case of Brockley Hill, that well last longer under abuse than the
known gradient which is so decep At the average American tire.
zive in the way it reduces car speed same time it is clear that many
when approaching the top. The motorista and commercial vehicle
sensation of floating over it with owners spend more "annually on
the speedometer a little beyond the tires than necessary, and, for this
10 m.p.b. mark at the top was very reason the conclusions of the asso-
pleasurable. ciation are of interest. Speed tem- perature, weather, and road sur-The quite exceptional accelera face were touched upon in the pre- tion and hill climbing capabilities of the Director are not obtained by vious article.
Starting and stopping obviously any undue rear axle reduction, but Affect the tires, and present-day solely by that good sized engine of congestion of traffic is clearly one high efficiency and a car ao built cause of increased wear. In areas to eliminate all unnecessary cent, test a car driven at 35 miles weight; in other words, by perfectly. an hour was brought to a dead correct methods. stop every quarter of a mile.with- out sliding the wheels but as quickly as possible. It was then immediately accelerated to 38 miles an hour again. In 108 miles one- half of the tread design was worn away. The rush of trafic at busy bours makes quick starts and stops common, so that the possibilities of fast wear cannot be ignored, impressed with The Director a out The British expert was greatly while the rapidity of acceleration standing riding qualities I tried and deceleration at the present
her with only myself aboards and day has siso to be taken into ac count. I have often had to insist also with a full load, and in both on the effect of proper inflation cases the riding was very smooth. and loading on the economical run. Another point which is rather ex ning of vehicles, and the associa-ceptional is that one noticed this tion also draws attention' to it. It good quality whether on good roads,
"Naturally there are four-wheel brakes, but they are of special type, embodying amplified action of the brake shoes The braking system is very good, "as it is not only highly efficient in reault, but suave and progressive in achieving that re sult."
is stated that proper infation and moderately good roads, or inferior
The car has an exclusive feature in being equipped with ball bearing spring shackless, the primary object of which, as I understand it, is to
Bix 's
Oldfield followed Ryder, but, with only ñve ruas added, turned one of Geary's balls into his wicket
A'Beckett then jemed Bradman
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and the score mounted slowly, MARCHANT'S Bradman reaching his 50 after 108 minutes. Tato was bowling wagni- acently, his analysis at one point in the morning reading 9/6/11/1. but Duckworth was not taking them cleanly. His left thumb, which he had put out on Saturday stopping on the leg. side from Geary, was clearly giving him pain,
Lunch was taken with the score at 337 for é, Bradman being 60 and A Beckett $3.
41
White's Bowling.
The crowd, which had swelled to 38,000 after lunch, saw some very.
he only managed to get one wicket, quiet cricket. J. O. White, though bowled with wonderful accuracy, and the batsmen found it almost impossible to score from hir
O Certainly.
his first 10 overs" seven were maidens and Trans were scared from
the other 3. In all he bowled 37 What else
overs, 30 of which were maidens, for 64 runs.
Bradman's was the first wicket
loading are so easily neglected that roads. they are still very common forms of tire abuse, for all the educa- tional work which has been done on the subject. Under-inflation al-
to fall after lunch, the batsman should lows the tire to spread and eliminate squeaks and rattles and being out to a yorker from Ham-
wider offer a
surface for the need for occasional adjustment, mond. wear, and it clearly produces
To
the friction ... on
road. greater This brings on fest wear... An under-inflated tire faxes excessive iy, and thus the heat of the tire is increased, and heat, as was ex- plained in the previous article, augments tire wear. Two sets of сотеть, спе rua at recommended inflation and the other at 6lb. under, have shown a difference in mileage of 25 per cent.
Question Of Air Pressure,
He had played an admir
while also practically eliminatis ably patient innings of 194 minutes, the trouble of "lubrication, ag once
in 20,000 miles would probably be in the course of which he hit nine drink?
enough for such bearings.'
Wheel Diameter.
4' Ten rons later A'Beckett was caught at the wicket off White after
a display which was effective if not
We come now to wheel diameter / stylish. In the course of his inn- and centre of gravity. The smaller ings of 142 minutes he hit six 4′s. the diameter wheels and the lower The tea interval was taken when the centres of gravity, the more Oxenham had scored 15 and Grim- rapid is acceleration, the quicker
Од curves
is braking, and the higher is speed mett 5, the total being 04 It may be remarked here that
A small diameter cover mile the tire manufacturer is not al makes more revolutions a ways apt to look at the problem than a larger one. A tire ein. with the same eyes as the vehicle less in circumference than another OWD or driver, and I have always one will give per cent. loss said hat tire wear from slightly mileage under the same conditions. under-inflation is not necessarily At the same time, small diameter
of the first importance. Comfort and low centres of gravity have
Hobbs' Fine Record.
On the resumption Grimmett was caught at the wicket before a run had been scared and 3 rune later Oxenham was bowled The innings had lasted in all 497 minutes. The fact that there were only 7 extras is a great tribute to Duckworth, especially as he was keeping with at passengers risk of breakage or their advantages; an increase in a damaged hand, damage to fragile or perishable
tire durability should be set Ia goods, depreciation and repairs of against them in the balance. The crowd had increased to 82,000 mechanism and coachwork should, America it has been found upon when Hobbs and Sutcliffe opened in my opinion, come first.
Tire
analysis of a number of motors be that 90 per cent and the brakes the English innings Hobbs began economy is secondary, and lieve that more can be saved in very poorly adjusted with imper- the wicket when he had made 20 to score rapidly, bas was caught at the end by not running tires too fect balance. Here is адовет hard than by running them at
cause of rapid tread wear, for bad out of the first 26. Sutcliffe and pressure which, though they may brake adjustments
will
throw Hammond then played out time. by berecommended
tare more wear on one wheel than an Hobbs' score of 20 has now raised. maker,
would be costly
to do his aggregate to 3,004 runs scored in other by causing the one the long run for reasons
more than its share of work. In in Test Matches between England of upkeep. This brings us to the addition, where brakes may bird, and Australia. question of over-inflation, which is may not be noticed in ordinary a source of extravagance in all respects.
4.
England are now 350 runs behind with wickets in hand,
Score
Australia-1st Innings. W. M. Woodfull, e Jardine,
b Tate
Duck-
V. Y. Richardson,
worth. b Larwood F. L. Headry, a Jardine, b
Larwood
A. F. Kippax, e Jardine, b
Larwood
J. S. Ryder, e Hendren,
100
112
D. Bradman, b Hammond... 79 W. A. Oldfield, b Geary 3
E. L. A Beckett, o Duck.
worth, b White
41
R. M. Oxenham, b Geary. 15
driving, but the pull on the tires causes slipping effect which The air pressure is too great for leaves spots on the tread and un- the lead carried, so that the tire
even wear. The Rubber Associa bounces or chatters over a rough tion of America note that brake stretch of road. The consequences adjustments should be equal and are lessened fractive effort, need they should be made by specialists. less stress to the machine and its The review bears out the criticism load, and a grinding off of the which has been made tere for tread rubber. It should be remem several years of the design and nered that when a tire is shot up construction of many American into the air increased drive, duo brakes. Four-wheel brakes should to the lessened resistance, is im be adjusted perfectly, so that no parted to it; it is the same with
... Tate one tire will stand more than its the screw of a ship when she dips normal share of braking. Two- heavily at the bow. The tire is wheel brakes must also be properly eventually forced to the ground regulated, or one tire will take and spinning at a higher rotary the greater stress and so wear out speed than the vehicle ruto is faster than the other. braked by the road surface." Great stress is caused thereby to the transmission; the
the The report concludes with the tread is excessive, and the road matters of alinement, mechanical surface suffers accordingly. Im adjustments, and so forth. Mis- agine this to be taking place thou alinement can be fairly easily scen. and other mechanical eands of times in a run and by a but it
rapid large number of vehicles, and the derangement will cause harmful effects are easily under tread wear. Fortunately all of stood. A machine with over the conditions are rarely present inflated tires tends to weave on the at once. But it has been found0/287; 7/373; 8/383; 9/234; 10/397. road. The tires are too hard to that some of them are generally absorb the minor inequalities and more or less present. Improperly cause a series of small bounces, adjusted or beat atcering arms while the vehicle drifts from one rasy cause the wheels to be out of direction to another, causing ex-line when taking a turn. Rima cessive abrasion and fast wear. faultily mounted on the wheels Tests have proved that a rear tire will throw a side stress on the tires Excessive over-indated by 10lb. will wear out in the form a webble.
Wear 63
Misainement. ̈
car
in one-half the mileage it would if camber may give the tire a ten- it were properly inflated.
dency to run under the Overloading has much the same especially if under-inflated, and effect an under-inflation. The lond then snap back in certain spots. conditions all produc flattens the tire spotty or uneven wear.
is too great for the air pressure These
in the tire, and contact area out, increasing
In the last resort the durability
and the pressure on the road. of tires depends on a driver's care- More friction and faster wear are fulness, and a poor driver has no. the results.
Continued on next Column).
right to expect the tire mileage
that a careful man will get.
C. V. Grimmett, a Duck
worth, & Geary
D. D. J. Blackie, not out
Extras
Total
Fall of the wickets:-
397
1/5 2/15; 3/57; 4/218; 5/282;
BOWLING ANALYSIS.
Larwood Tate
Geary Hammond
White Jardine
O.M. R. W. 375 197
3
46 17 87 2
31.5 483
3
8 4 19
57 30
1
England-1st Innings. Hobbs, c Oldfield,
A Beckett Sutcliffe, not out Hammond, not out
Total (for" I
Fall of the wickets
1/28;
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