ว
THE HONG KONG DAILY PRESS, MONDAY, MAY 21st, 1928.
CHANG TSO LIN DECIDES TO FIGHT. RESPONSIBILITY OF
JAPANESE MINISTER'S PROPOSALS REFUSED.
JAPAN.
NEWSPAPER COMMENT.
NORTH ATTEMPT TO ORGANISE SHANTUNG BANDITS.
JAPANESE ANXIETY.
PEKING STATESMEN PLAN NATIONAL
COALITION.
In reply to the suggestions of Mr. Yoshizawa, the Japanese Minister at Peking, that Marshal Chang Tso Lin should immedi. ately retire into Manchuria, the Northern Generals, after bolding a full council, have`decided not to accept the advice. The reasons given were that they still consider victory possible, while retreat at the present time would entail enormous loss."
If the Northerners are driven from Peking they will now be in a serious position. Japan, though willing to allow Chang Tao Lin and bis well disciplined army to enter Manchuria, has apparently no intention of allowing a horde of defeated soldiers to cross the border at Shanhaikwan. Consequently the defert and flight of the Northerners would leave them caught between the Japanese, in the narrow passage between the end of the Great Wall and the sea, and the triumphant and pursuing Southerners,
At the same time that Marshal Chang Tso Lin has refused to return to Mukden, it is stated that some of the leading statesmen in the old parties at Peking are attempting to bring about a national coalition, which, it is hoped, will minimise the devastating effects of a heavy defeat of the Fengtienese.
Feng Yu. Halang and Yen Shih Shan, the Shami Tupan, have «
· issued a circular telegram stating that they will follow Chiang Kai- Shek until the Northern warlords have been completely defeated. Meanwhile Chiang is proceeding to Honan to discuss with Feng s general attack upon Tientsin and Peking.
JAPAN'S PROPOSALS REJECTED.
R
[THROUGH ARUTER'S AGENCY.]
Toxro, May 20th.
FIGHT TO THE FINISH.
(Id Taz Yat Pao.)
SHANGHAI, May 20th. Feng Yu Hsiang and Yen, 8hih A message from Peking says that, Shàr have jointly issued a circular after a lengthy conference, the telegram to the effect that they will Fengtien Generals have replied to pay allegiance to the Central Gov. Mr. Yoshizawa, rejecting his sug- ernment (Nationalist Government) gestion that Chang Tso Lin should and follow Marshal Chiang Kai return to Mukden, AB they still Shek' in the Northern expedition consider victory possible. More-
would until the Northern warlords are over, retreat at present eatail enormous loss.
completely defeated,
It is reported that prominent statesmen of the old parties at Peking, such as the Anfu clique, are planning a national coalition for the purpose of preventing chaos in the event of a collapse of the Fengtienese. They are therefore endeavouring to come to an agree- ment with Chiang Kai Shek.
■
NECESSARY STEPS.
"(Wah Ta Yat Pao.)
SHANGHAI, May' 90th." In an interview with Marshal Chang Tso Lin on the 17th inst. at night, Mr. Yoshizawa, Japanese Minister at Peking, warned Mar shal Chang that in view of the critical condition prevailing in Tientsin and Peking and even threatening Manchuria, the Japan- ese Government will be compelled to take what it considers necessary steps to secure Japanese lives and property. Marshal Chang replied that in accordance with his recent circular telegram advocating the immediate truer throughout whole country, be had ordered all troops under his control to evacuate the Kin-Han and Tientzia-Pukow Rail. ways. Unfortunately the Southern- ers have not as yet understood his intention and are continuing to prees him. Consequently in self- defence he could not help but offer -resistance, a step which be resorted
to.
NORTHERNERS CLAIM SUCCESS.
(THROUGH REUTER'S JOKHOY.]
PAZING, May 20th. The Fengtienese officially claim that they are holding Tsangchow. They have repulsed attacks on Hokien and recaptured Tingchow.. FENGTIEN'S LAST CHANCE. (Was Tes Yat Pao.)
SHANGHAI, May 20th. The Feogtienese have evacuated Chengsintan and Teangchow-their
ATTACK ON PEKING.
-(Wah Tu Fat Pau.)
SHANGHAI, May 20th.
In view of the fact that the 1st, 2nd and 3rd Kuomintang Army Groups have jointed together and formed a front line from Tehchow to Paotingfa and are, therefore, in
[THROUGH REUTER'S AGENCY.]
LONDON, May 19th In a leading article referring to the new momentous step," the memorandum to the Peking and the Nanking Governments, the Timer says that the Japanese bad almost involuntarily impelled by anxiety for their own interests in Manchuria-spoken of a united China."
DONETZ TRIAL.
SIXTEEN PLEAD GUILTY.
GERMAN ADMITS COM- PLICITY.
(THROUGH REUTER'S AGENCY,}
Moscow, May 20th. The trial is proceeding of the
the
GREEK POLITICS.
ELECTIONS SOON EXPECTED,
WHAT WILL VENIZELOS DO?
(THROUGH NAUTKE'S AGENOT.]
ATHENS, May 20th: An intricate political situation engineers and technical experts of has arisen owing to the decision of the Donetz coal basin, en
M. Calandarie, Minister of Finance and Leader of charge
the ProgressivÐ of * economic counter Liberal Party, to resign. This atop revolution." The Court is presided is the result of serious differences over by the Roctor of Moscow with the ex-Premier, 1. Venizelos, University.
who, it is believed, desires to pre- vent the overthrow of the Govern- meat by a military coup.
An official agency states that six-] teen pleaded guilty, thirteen partly guilty including the German Badstieber, who confessed to assist- ing to deliver unit machines, and twenty-four, including the two Ger mans Otto and Meyer, not guilty.
M. Calandaria does not recognise the right of M. Venizelos to inter- fere in the political situation, but
That phrase, spoken by such a powerful neighbour in a moment of extreme confusion, should have a profound effect in China, - says the Times. The article points out that great responsibility now rests with Japan and the consequences of U.S. MINE DISASTER. parties Therefore his advice. her action cannot be easily measur-
ett.
Position At Stake,
The Times concludes by saying that wise restraint on the part of Japan, however, may greatly ad- vance" the solution of the Chinese problem. Her own national in- terests, and her position as a lead- ing Power among Far Eastern nations are plainly at stake in such an enterprise."
A Serious Konaco. · The Manchester Guardian con- siders the Japanese Note to contain An obscure but serious menace. "One might suppose Manchuria is a Japanese, province instead of being, at least nominally, a Chinese dependency."
RESCUERS NOBLE TOIL. -
TWENTY KNOWN DEAD,
(REUTER'S AMERICAN SERVICE]
BROWNSVILLE, Pennsylvania,
May 20th. There are hitherto twenty dead
supporters of M. Venizelos contend that all Republican leaders owe their political existence toTM M. Venizelos, who is regarded as the founder of all Greek Republican
should be followed.
M. Venizelos, who has been in retirement since he was defeated in 1920, is expected to re-enter the political arena.
Elections may be held at the earliest possible date in order to solve the threatened Ministerial crisia. The Royalist press is violently opposed to M. Venizelos.
in an explosion and fire at Mather DEATH OF FELIX DEUTSCH. Mine near here. 150 miners were underground when the explosion, occurred. feverishly to succour the survivors.
Rescuers are working
"CULTURED BANDITS IN
KIANGSI.
WOULD NOT ROB, BUT ONLY ASKED FREE PASSAGE.
GREAT WORK OF RECON. CILIATION.
(THROTON REUTER'S 'AGENCY.]"
BERLIN, May 20th. The death is announced of Herr Felix Deutsch, Chairman of the igemeine Elektrizitatz Gesells chaft, at a time when the whole of Germany was celebrating his
Barlier China Newi will be found IMPROVEMENTS, QUAINT AND seventieth birthday.
on Page 2.
The paper also declares that the danger of disturbances at Tientsin For Peking is a matter for joint ac- tion by the Powers and not isolated intervention by Japan.
Great Cantion Needed,
Toxyo, May 19th.
for
1/
position to surround the Feng- tienese, Marshal Chiang Kai Shek
While agreeing with the prin- is proceeding to Honan to consult ciple expressed in the Japanese with Marshal Feng Yu Hsiang re- Government's memorandum to the garding a planned general attack on Tientsin and Peking.
Chinese belligerents, the Japan ese papers express the greatest anxiety lest the proposed steps by Japan inadvertently assist Marshal Chang Tso Lin, thereby bringing
After the Mauchurian troope had evacuated Tatung, Northern Shansi, General Sheng Chin, Yen Shih Shan's subordinate, led his forces down the Southerners' wrath. towards Kalgan, which is seriously
threatened.
(-
:.
FENG, TAKES CHARGE.
(Wah Tiz Yai Pao.)
SHANGHAI, May 20th. It is reported from Esinsiang, Hoana, that Marshal Feng Yu Haing after confering with Gen- eral Yeu Shih Shan, dictator of Shansi, will proceed towards Pro- tinglu to direct operations.
AVOIDING TSINAN.
(Wah Tiz Fat Pao.)"
SHANGHAI, May 20th The Army Corps under Marthal Chiang Kai-Shek has moved to suchow where they are encamping
for a time. Later they will be des "patched to Hupei, whence they will march northward by the Kishan Railway, instead of passing Tainan.
Northern Posts,
The Japanese papers strongly warn the Government to exercise the greatest caution.
JAPANESE CONCESSION
. CROWDED,
(THROUGH REUTER'S AGENCY.)
USEFUL..
KIUKIANG, May 7th. Inland news is to the effect that about 100 soldiers mutinied near
their commander, marched on some Hakow (north-east Kiangai), shot
cities and. towns near, demanded money and food, seized any am- munition of which they could get bold, and passed on. Most places came to terms with them, but at Loping, it is said, the official resist- ed and repulsed them. They re tired, but returned another way, and, by a sudden ruse, got in, kill- ed a few men in uniform, and soon
He is credited with originating the improvement in relations hé- tween Germany and France.
CHINA'S TREATY WITH POLAND.
(THROUGH REUTER'S AGENCY.]
THE AMERICAN PEACE PROPOSALS.
BRITISH GOVERNMENT'S NOTE OF ACCEPTANCE,
COMPATIBILITY WITH OTHER TREATIES,
PEACE AND SAFETY IN THE EMPIRE.
The British Government's reply to Mr. Kellogg's proposals for the abolition of war has beba banded to the United States Ambassador, and was issued for publication in the Sunday papers.
In accepting the American draft. Sir Austen Chamberlain points out that a clash might conceivably arius between this pact. and the Locarno Treaty, unless it is understood that the violation of an undertaking by one party frees the remaining parties from their obligations to the treaty breaking state. He suggests that the French article to this effect be embodied in the text of the treaty,
There are certain regions of the world, continues the British note," the welfare of which constitute a vital interest for dur peace and safety. Their protection is to the British Empire a measure of self defence. His Majesty's Government accepts the new treaty upon the distinct understanding that it does not prejudice their freedom of action in this respect.
RECEPTION OF THE NOTE
Sir Austen Chamberlain's Noto to the United States on the proposal of an anti-war treaty has made a favourable impression in London. The Sunday Times, quoting the Foreign Secretary's opening declaration to the effect that “His Majesty's Government will support the movement to the utmost of their power," says that these words thay be accepted as indicative, not of an opinion. or hope, but of a policy. It considers that the suggestions made by Sir Austen are directed towards giving greater definiteness to Mr. Kellogg's idea.
:
The Observer, approving of the note, thinks there should be no difficulty in reconciling the proposals with the League Covenant and the Locarno policy. The real crux will be to solve the posi tion with regard to the justifiable French nervousness, which led her to conclude agreements with Poland and the Little Entente.
Mr. Kellogg describes the British Note as "encouraging, and shoying some progress"made." Unofficial commeat is that the answer raises a sort of British Monroe Doctrine, and reservations destroy the hopes of an unqualified treaty.
THE FRENCH VIEW.
PARIS,
Hitherto only two newspapers have commented on the British reply to Mr. Kellogg... The Garilcis says it demonstrates a sincere "desire to bring about an adjustment between the American and French points of view, but, unless care is taken, there is a risk of the proposed now pact placing Europe under the aegis of America as an arbiter of pence, which America could not guarantee. The The Petit Parisien says that the British Government is making an. obvious effort, inspired by good will, to find a basis of agreemen: between the French and American ideas, and apparently it has suceeded in many points.
(BRITISH WIRELESS SERVICE]
Rucey, May 19th.
PEKING, May 20th. A Treaty of Amity and Commerce
The text of the British reply to was signed yesterday afternoon by when you becay altching and the United States note on the pro- Poland.
*
Agreement With France,
His Majesty's Government. ap- preciate the scruples which have prompted these suggestions by the Exact fulfil-
French Government.
posed Peace Pact in issued for ment of treaty "engagements is a publication in the Sunday Morning matter which affects national hon- The reply states, "The car, and precision as to the scope AMBITIOUS SCHEMES IN suggestion for the conclusion of a of such engagements is essential.
HUPEH.
MOTOR ROADS AND EDUCATION,
came to terms with the merchanta, getting some $2,000, food, and am- munition. The local officials went into hiding till they had passed on.
Near Linchuan (the old name was Fuchow, and the city in 180 li south-east of Nanchang) bandits and soldiers make life hard for the local inhabitants, and there has been some fighting. The launch going from Nanchang to Kiang (south Kiangsi) was recently stop taken refuge in Peking, whence theed by some bandits, and great fear came on 'all, as they expected to Japanese exodus is increasing. The
be robbed, if not killed, but the Japanese Concession at Tientsin is
handits were what some of them overcrowded with Japanese refugees
called Wen. Ming Tib Keh ed.. from the environs.
PERING, May 20th..
All the Japanese in Kalgan have
TO HOUSE REFUGEES.
[THROUGH REUIRE'S AGENCY.]
PIXINO, May 20th.
WHO IS TO PAY
papers.
treaty for the renunciation of war Each of the suggestions made by as an instrument of national policy French Government has been care- Izaa evoked widespread interest in fully considered from this point of this country, and His Majesty's view.”
Trench Suggestion, Government will support the move- ment to the utanost of their power:
After making a careful study of the text contained in Your Ex crilency's note, and of the amended text auggested in the French noter His Majesty's Government feel con- vinced there is no serious diver
HANKOW, May 6th. · Despite the burden of war taxes which promises to become increas ingly heavy the provincial autho- rities are considering a number of schemes which will entail taxation or the raising of loans. The estab- lishment of a Provincial Bank is under consideration. Roads in Wu-
hang are in such a bad state that gence between the effect of these two it is proposed to levy rates for drafts. This impression is confirm their repair, and these rates must, ed by a study of the text of a speech of course, fall on the property owners. On the Hankow side there by the Secretary of State of the is a suggestion of a motor road United States on April 23th. from the railway station to the rear of the ex-German Concession, which would, of course, be a-very expensive road to construct if pro- perty owners are fully compensat
The French zoto suggests the addition of an article providing that violation of the treaty by one of the parties should release the remainder from their obligationi
towards that party. His Majesty's
Government" are hot milisted that
the treaty could stand alone, with out the addition of some such pro- vision. Mr. Kellogg's speech, how- ever, shows that he put forward for acceptance the text of the proposed treaty on the understanding that violation of the undertaking by ons party would free the remaining parties from their obligation to observe its terms in respect of the tresty breaking state.
Right Of Self-Defence. In this speech the right of self defence is regarded as inalienable,
If it is agreed that this is the and it is further recognised that principle which will apply in the Ming" (educated, or cultured, re- When it is added that the Pro- the violation of an undertaking by case of this particular treaty, His Majesty's Government, are satis- vincial Assembly has voted one party frees the remaining par-fied and will not ask for the inser volutionists!), and all they demand-budget of $1,878,000 for education ed was that the launch transport and proposes in addition to estab-ies from their obligations to the tion of any amendment. Means Lisha Hupeh University, it will be treaty breaking state, Britain is can be found without difficulty of them across the river, which was seen that there is a progressive prepared to accept Mr. Kellogg's cord in sons appropriate manner placing this understanding on-re- done, and they left with thanks. spirit abroad. But it is quite clear draft for the most part, but would so that it may have equal value
that the people cannot carry both
· first defence line-and have arrang- The Ankuochua Government has As the Japanese Minister's family ed a defence position at Lauliho appointed General Sun Chuan Fang and other families from the Japan.
Kiukiang and Nanchang city the cost of ivil progress and the prefer to see embodied in the text with the terms of the treaty taalf
Bearing On Other Treaties. and Tacheng, near Peking. At pro- Officer Commanding the Troops at ese Legation are leaving to mor walls are being steadily demolish crushing burden of military expen of the treaty an article similar to sent General Chang Hsueh Liang the front in the Tientsin-Pakow Tow, preparations are being made ed, and 80 ft. wide roads built on former while the latter is not re-ables parties to the Covenant of the by which His Majesty's Gover
The point is of importance be- diture. The attempt to impose the that in the French draft, which en-
cause of its bearing on the tranfies and Yang Yu Ting are at the front Railway zone. Generál Chu Ya Pu for the housing of hundreds of | in readiness to stake their all on is his assistant.
zelugees in the Legation residences. the sites, for motors, etc., and the mo ad will mean revolt. In this connection lavatories and better class of shops. Parks, wider the Chinese papers that the export fulfil their obligations..
A notice has been appearing in League and the Locarno Treaty to ment are already i und other outhouses are being erected clean to the residences.
and cleaner "strecta, etc., are also of raw cotton from Hupeh is to be prohibited. The reason assigned is. planned. This" New China, with that the amount of cotton now all its muddles and errors, is show-reaching Hankow is insufficient to feed the spinning mills here, and ing an enterprise that promises it is therefore wrong to allow, fur- better things to come."
ther exporta,.....
one last throw.
ATTACK IN THE REAR.
(Wah Tes Yot Pao.
SHANGHAI, May 20th.
It is widely rumoured among the Chinese that General Chang Thung Chang is despatching e delegation to Tsingião in secrecy for the pur» pose of enlisting the Shantung remnants who are roving in the eastern section of Shantung. It is said that the Japanese authorities have promised to offer help to them and to equip them with aenmuni- tion. As soon as they are incur, porated into two divisions they will march to Tainan where they will establish a position to attack the Southerners at", the rear.
SHANTUNG GOVERNMENT.
(Wah Tis-Fat Pao.)
SHANGHAI, May 20th. Under order of Marshal Chiang Kai Shek the Provincial Govern- ment of Shantung will be transferred to Taianfu within a week.
JAPANESE TROOPS.
(THROUGH BETTER'S AGÈNCY.].
PEZINA, May 20th.
Four hundred Japanese troops arrived here last night. They are mostly quartered in the old Aus trian Legation, where the buildings have been hurriedly prepared More troops are expected shortly.
NATIONALISTS' PRO-
PAGANDA..
BETTER CONDITIONS /
YANGTSZE
More misionaries have gone in- fand, and most of the cities and towns seem fairly peaceful. It is
#
The aim of the United States Government is to cinbody in the treaty & statement of, principle, to proclaim without restriction or qualification that war shall not be used as an instrument of poliey: With this aim His Majesty' Gor- crnment are wholly in accord. imbued with the same purpose, and The Frinch proposals are equally
The preservation of peace has been the chief concern of His Ma- Ljesty's Government and the prime
This is the reason why they have subject of all, their endeavours. given angrudging support to the League of Nations, and why they have undertaken the burden of the guarantee embodied in the Locarno Opium Omcially Recognized..
Treaty, out of co Another queer notice orders that
The aim of all these engagements all tea-houses, theatres and opium
is the elimination of war as an dens shall close at midnight. It is
instrument of national policy, just, Conditions in the upper ever, the country and the hilly parts that position of the opium question that a sad commentary on the present.
sa it is the purpose of the agree along the Yangteze Valley, are
ment now proposed. It is because, reported to be improving. British have handits. Troops are operat the existence of opium dens should have merely added an indication of the object of both in the same that steamers have resumed their sailing, ing against them in some parts, and i thus be officially recognized. There certain exceptional circumstances, there is no real antagomiam bets cen In Hankow leaflets were dropped with some success. The wheat and seems to be a growing feeling in in which violation of that pris- the treaty engagements, which His by an aeroplane. These papers rape oil crops are gmerally good, Chinese circles that since prohibi- ciple by one party may oblige Majesty Government have already gave the news of Nationalists' suc and the recent welcome raan has tion of this vice is impossible, the others to take action, which at first accepted, and the pact which is now cesses.
allowed for the rice being planted trade ought to be subjected to heary | sight appears to be inconsistent. proposed.
taxation.NO. Daily NewsOKEN with the terms of the proposed pact.
(Continued on Page..
{NAVAL WIRELESS. }
There is no changes eleowhere..
out.