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THE HONG KONG DAILY PRESS, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 4th, 1928.
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THE LANGUAGE BARRIER OF THE
FAR EAST.
BY JAMES RELSE.]
:
Good relations between ven countries depead in a large ezient en the familiarity of the nationals of the one with the language of.
the uther.
Many a bupan sey be heard bidding that he has been on years in the country and scarcely kasus pen wahts of the language, The Singapore Base and the da- jus sen, what efforts are made to orders in Chind bare naturally at-overcome this difficulty by the two teneted a certain amount of atten. Farctions of the British public which "come intercontact with these two thm on the part of the general [puble to the problems of the Farectern nations.
East. It will thojefore, be of in-
to examine conditions under which our relations with Japan and China arë garrigl on. and the difficulties to be contended with in the success unintenance of thisd relations.,
Direct contact between nations is
In the British Consular Services in China and Japan a study of the language is compulsory, and a standard" equal to that outlined above is required from all mem- hers. That this renders them very valuable to their datry and quite indispensable in the performance et vertain duties goes without eay- (ang. Owing to the present system transfers, sinar frequent
There is no doubt that in hoth China and Japan every oudeavent is being made to overcome the language diffeulty by obtaining a thorough knowledge of English. English in the langue of COMMATES at the present, day, Jargely the language af diplomacy, is much more extensively studied than any other Europein langynge." Bat the results are still insignifi "cant.
Hong Kong Walversity,
The Chinese is by nature a good linguist, and those who, in mission schools, the University of Hong Kong, and the few Chinese instit
{ict Provide adequate is instruction in this resport, make'a' sandy of English are by no means ansuccesstul in their efforts. number of Chinese students also go o Amerun" for study, and return
But quite proherent in English. compared to the total population of China thig ner hut a drop in
the ocean, and there are millions
ullions of Chinese who have ned the peretest acquaintance with spy European language, and are Tit likely in the near future to has her the opportunity or the isdination for such
Study
The Japanese, on the other hand. ind linguist. His efforts to overcome the lnguage barrier are
the item of interevurse, bela pel two classes of jople; the official Cass, and that section of the pub Se which, for reasons of business qualifications are not of pleasure, is enabled to travel or
other; countries Both service, whose metines in these, res have at all times to contendantes is therefore somewhat the results are almost lagen- with the barrier of languages, and are therefore fully alive to the thenities, which this harrier pe
tiri membur of the Dihatis far greater and more organish,
sents.
the e
with
table. English is compulsory from primary schools upwards. Unfor tunately it taught in the paddy.
stricted, a special fonsar Staff having to be waintained at our misions in Peking and Tukio Love the language difficulty as hy dapanese teachers, whose It is no exurgeration to stap and to act in an advisory capacity act and prometati ure, as a rule, so had that by the time all matow which require a that the good relations between
the student reaches higher grades. Knowledge of the eastons, habits, where he comes under the instrates two countries depend to a large ex
Di the and gebogy of the people. The tion of Englishun or Americans, it on the familiarity
the Admiralty, the War Office, and, re-his faults are headiende. Rationals of
Vitriolis Anguage of the other
we believe, the Air Müning erly. factors cur into considerations, send out a vertaam pumber of the Salleners of climate, rice pinda of three years, but as the
widoffeers S
Indgange students for dition: hurt in vivilised nations |all unese are combustial, and express majority of then then retuan ta
elin the language, so that by the the perforusaner of their normatives rise, and make some effort to overene them, there is still no Tonign tongite "the duties, and have little or no ap- mytery of
common round where we may ap minding man is jooding, deeply portunity of king up
proach one another. Whether we ints the fortainental life of the knowledge, de usefulness nice n
24 attempt Be aw 41: P Chinese, or bation whose language he karus. 1 short tipe is also somewhat doubt-
Japanes as an Emperfet medium Nevertheless the reader will it may seem anareeksary to stress | Îni.
intercourse, e whether the admit that the lightish Government This point, but so the importance
shortcomings on either sid" are n reas that we are still unable to
L
their
It is clear, then, that while both stand West have. fo Scre extent, appreciate the difficulties to which the barley of language
In
d we attich ta'fargigu languages,pparently appreciates the lay-rental makes use of English, the In fact, that excop in the East,guage difficulty and the necessity where a knowledge of the language of overcoming it, and while stain a perfect understanding. of the country is a sine qui non, | fforia to do so are capable of in we do not even insist that our dip | prent, ery credit must be the seal, of international re tions the consequences of this leonacists and cusuts should learn given for what has already been ae
impaor are really serions. kings of the countries to complshed in the training of thina we are, as it rule, compell- which they are averedivil. For, officials
m to use the language of the coup The missionary is invariably gets in our office dealings, which while belangage harter of the fast is the most insurmontable, aquired to study the language of his makes the discussion of deliente barrier, exists to Some extent in particular teli, and, as he uendly
difficulty. In Jame both English mery country, and, to a lesser des devotes the whole of his life to negotiations task of immense "offirind gree, gives her to the sanm dill work in tint field, he attains, s
anth. Japanese, are the Tuiti
a rule, a very fair standard in While the literature on the Earth spoken and written languages, is But while a written doen.
must in rither country, can in undebted of Fast is now fairly extensive, very which
wrestled with, and obseure passages. Englishaten to day take
greatest assistance to him in his
the INN. interest in it, and the ignorance of work. With the scope of that work eventuale davidated.
sibilities of misunderstanding in the average person on profies are not at the moment concern the caller of conversation are con hich indirerty concern him closed. Siffes it to say that, withderable. A Japanese Forsign is turtall. At a time when knowledge of their language, and Maister, for instance, is expected, the adverse balaser of tracks and a deep interest in and sympathy induct his uterviews with the lack of foreign markets give for the people among whom he Betish or Aparican Ambassadors rause for grant auxiety, the parks, the misorary may prove in nisir, thus placing himself at
invins disadvantage, tape of our relaksons, both police if he wishes an invalanide factor cal and economic, with China and the improvement of relations be momentarily running the grave
pan cannot be overestimated. There are at this mouent problems confronting the British Empire in China and Japan which call ur gratly for a close understanding of the nations with which we have
who hav
iL
tween our.untry and the nations
and
071
of the East, though his functions being misunderstood na primarely neither political normatters of the greatest interna-
tional importance. Iconomie.
What conclusions are we to de The Foreigners' Attitude. rive from this examination of the Though International relations, language barrier between East and to dead. Yet the number of poleg d. or indifferent, depend West and its effect upon interna. They are two, really intimate at
largely upon enimmeres, it cannot
tional relations! incan with the psychology that the business section, of Firstly, a geral high standard of the views, and the aspiration the British communities in China profdeney in the languages of the if the nations, my almost he
Far East pigst he exacted from eckoned the fingers of both and Japan, makes any great at hands. For no intiunt acquaint to overcome the language everyone who by the nature of his tane involves a konw jedge of their barrier. Many a trip (head of occupation, comes into contact with firm) may be hard boasting that these countries. Secondly, we look languages, and it is generally adh has leren thirty years in the to that far greater setion of the mitted that there is in langunge
country "and scarcely knows two British public which plays the part harder to tears than Japanese of
words of the language, that his of onlooker and aritie, to study indon it is not necessary, and Eastern problems with greater understanding. asd tenen a anyone
foreign sympathy. native do it. tolerance, in view of the immense language, let the Juniors coming out from England difficulties which beset those whose rect concern they are-hombers art as a rule given any en- crragement to study Japanese or Journal. Chinese, and most of them. echoing their seniors, will tell you that they get on vory well without it. 14 It is true that they do manage 10
Chinese,
in
"A Three Years' Job. The rader may well ask at, this stage what amount of study is necessary to acquire a knowledge of Japanese or Chinese.
While
Europesa languages the written or literary language is different from the spoken, a knowledum of one goberally sufficient to enable one to understand, if not to use, the other. But in Japanese and Chinese the written language tras become so utterly dissociated from the spoken that #134 entirely separate study of the two must be undertaken. No fewer than three thousand ideographe must mastered in the language, before aray useful knowledge of the write tenlanguage is aequired, and in Japaarse there is the additional
FIILIL
transnet business quite successful STAR THEATRE
ly, because they are clear in their own mitals as to what they want, and through an interpreter usual y mange to get it. But the fact that they are moderately successfu now is no proof that they would not be infinitely more so if they were' acquainted with the language, and with the prichology of the people which sud knowledge would
even to them.
An interpreter, in any case, task of learning the various reade writer has often been prosent at all times ♫ doubtful quantity. ings of individual idengraphs, and|
of memorising the two syllabaries #1 interviews which necessitated and with which the Japanese supple the presence of an interpreter, ment their ym of the Chinese has been amused at the frequent character. To complicate matters and extraordinary misunderstand- the number of textbooks in Eng-ings which arise owing to faulty Esh on these subjects is still mit-rird one translations. ed, though the student of to-day
years ago.
But the business man in the East
business
TL
"DICK NORTON'S
THE
GLOBE
SPLENDID ROMANCE
A thrilling story of mystery courage self-sacrifice and adventure in the French Foreign Legion 1-.
BEAU
GESTE
with
Ronald Colman
{ ANY MATH SAMUEL REKLAMINŐ. MAKERSINT BRENON Production
ALICE JOVC
NEIL HAMILTON MOAN BECAY MARY BRIAN WILLEM NORMAN
RALPH FORBES
-TIMES & PRICES
2.30 & 7.15 5.00 ... 9.80...
AT THE
(2
(Gruvmittant
Siaur
...$1.00, 80 cts. & 40 ots. $1.50, $1.00 * 60 ets: $2.00 $1.00 & 80 cts.
QUEEN'S
Carl Laemente Presents
ADOREE BACK TOGOD'S COUNTRY
Also
TO-DAY
AND
TO-MORROW
„A Universal Picturkala.
CANTON UNDER THE REDS A film record of the recent revolt secured
at great. personal risk.
AT THE
WORLD TO-DAY ONLY
Orchestra 5.15 & 9.20.
Interpreter 2.30 & 7.15.
A romance "of a great gold rush-
The Devil's Cargo
with
WALLACE BEERY
AT THE
STAR
TO-DAY ONLY
* Continuous 2.30 to 11.15 p.m.
HONG KONG POLICE RESERVE.
TROTTERS[DRDERS BY: THE HON. WE E. D. C.
En Casserole Revues
Eeginning
WOLFE, CAPTAIN SUPERIN- TENDENT OF FOLICK}
Training: Part I.
SUNDAY, JANUARY 8th at the Central Police Station for
at 9.15 p.m.
1.
with
is very much better off in that more so in China and less m in respect that his predecessor of filty Japan-is law unto himself. H The spoken language mixes only with his fellow-country- can be required only by residence men, and with the Oriental not ut constant ali, except in the transaction of in these countries, y
Thus, as a rule, the is tion, and close attention to the available text-hooks on the vernac view, and being intolerant, makes lar. Naturally the progress of the no effort to understand it. He student will vary according to his would probably be far more sic. Ability and application, but in cessful and, incidentally, give for.. neither China nor Japan is it less cause for internationa! mis if he followed the really useful understanding possible to obtain a knowledge of the spoken and writ-example of the government official ten languages in pss than three and the" missionary and made some years. Nor may the student flat-effort to acquire a knowledge of ter himself that at the end of three the language and paychology of the years he is a master of either people with whom he has to deal. We have so far dealt with the language.
attempts made by British subjects to overcome the language barrier. examine the effets let us now made by the Japanese and Chinese towards the same end.
and arthuous practice in conversa intolerant of the Oriental point of "HAPPY MOMENTS"
Thus, before we can obtain an insight into the character of the Chinaman or the Japanese, we find barring the way the practically in superable Jarrier of language. Let
All members of the Police Re- serve who have not yet passed out as efficient in Part L will parade Squad Drill and Rifle Exercises under Sergeant R. J. Hunt on Thursday, January 5th, and Tuus day, January 10th. Fall in on ench evening at 3.30 pm, sharp...
notice...
Police Training School. The clanaca for instruction in Part II. of training course under Inspec To Be Followed By
tor B. J. Paterson at the Police Training School will be resumed on "Scenes and Screams," Thursday, January 5th, at 6.30 p.m. sharp and will be continued every "Incid-Tuesday and Thursday until further "Pleasureland,"
"The Globe & ents"
Flying Squad. Trotters in Vaudeville."- .ELEVEN ARTISTES Booking at Moutrie's and Star. PRIČES: $3, 82 & 81.
The weekly instructional patrol of the Hong Kong section on Thurs day, January 5th, will start from the Central Police Station as usual at 8.15 pm. sharp. Dress: Khaki.
(Sgd.) G. B. HARTFORD, D.S.P. (R.), Adjutant. Hong Kong, January 3rd, 1928. '
EX-KAISER EXCISED.
FROM PLAY THAT PRESENTS HIM AS A BLOCKHEAD.
BEELIN
The part of the ex-Kaiser has been cut out of the play entitled "Rasputin," which is being acted at the Berlin Theatre.
The members of the court before which the ex-Kaiser's petition to restrain the management of the theatre from 'presenting him on the atage came, visited the theatre, and stated in their judgment that the ex-Emperor Francis Joseph made to appear as an idiot, the ex- Emperor Nicholas as a blockhead, and that the petitioner is present- ed in the saine mangër, For this reason, they grant his petition.
in
The management, which has had a huge advertisement for this poor play from the ex-Kaiser's action, 2 going to carry the dispute to a higher court. As it is, at the mament when the ex-Kaiser should appear on the stage the actor per- forming that role public that the author's presents- tion of the three emperors is based- ou historical Inets.
Assures
the