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14
EVOLUTION.
HALF A CENTURY OF, DARWINISM."
"FAITH AND FACTS,” »
REV. FATHER BYRNE'S LECTURE TO THE ST. PATRICK'S CLUB.
FALLING BIRTH-RATE.
LOWEST SINCE 1960.
FEWER MARRIAGES.
1927.
Except for the war year 1918, "the birth-rate last year was the lowest recorded since the establishment of. divii registration
Or
WOMAN'S AMAZING
MASQUERADE.
TYPİCAL BACKWOODS
PIONEER."
- DISCOVERED OWING TO
OPERATION,
Forty-six years ago Mary Cun- ningham left her home in the Dur ham coalfields, broken hearted over a love affair...
This fact appear in the second On Thursday evening Rev, Fa, G. The Theory Of Natural Selection. part ol the Registrar-General's Byrne, Ph.D., S.J.. lectured as St. Now it is just here that the dif-Statistical Review of England and Wales for 1926, which also records Patrick's Club, Garden Rond, to a ficulty arises. It is possible. not a diminution in the number of
A few weeks later Harry Lang- ley landed in Canada to begin a large. "audience, on the subject only to doubt but to disbelieve the marriages.
Evolution: Half a Century of theory of "Natural Selection," as The actual number of births, career that brought him fortune' and the esteem of his fellow as a Darwinism": Faith and Facts." explaining a continuous series of 604,560-equal to a rate of 17.9 peran who courted danger and peril variations" worked out to produce 1,000 of population was 0.5 per The Rey, speaker, who has made a new species of a high type. Hence 1,000 belcy those for 1995. This is for their own anke, and was only life study of the subject of evola-to-day, as in Darwin's life-time, we the lowest recorded since 1860, happy when seeking adventure in
the wild places of the earth.
There was nothing at the time to tion, spoke for one and a half hours. meet with Scientists who are cem when the population of England and
pletely opposed in their views of Wales was only 19,902,000, or about link the tre people together, but The lecture, was illustrated with is theories, as the quotations from one-half of the estimate for 1824 after the lapse of years, chance bas We The number of illegitimate births revealed the fact that Mary and some, most interesting slides Driesch and Keith show.
The following is an outline of the might cite Lankaster as
43. per 1,000 total Harry were one and the same per- strong was 9,301, supporter of the Survival of the births, and was 603 in excess of the | lecture:--
Fittest and on the other hand, total recorded in the previous year," Some years ago, the distinguished the opinion of the Russian Botanist, The proportion of male to. 1,000 bielagist Driesch said: "for en Korschinsky, that Natural Selection female births was 14. There was lightened
tainds Darwinism is "is in no way favourable to the a great increase in the number of dead. This year, in his presiden-origin of new forms. It is a factor boys born during the war years, the tial address to the British Associa- inimical to evolution.”
Sgure reaching a maximum of 1.000 If one takes up some of the cheap in 1919, since whes the decline has tin, Sir Arthur Keith speaks of Darwin's position as having become manuals on Evolution, and they are been almost continuous, and the impregnable." The erdinary constantly appearing, he will red rate is now approximating to tha! Jarman who may like to follow, of the Freof Evolution" and he which prevailed in the period im with interest, the scientiae conclu- will be assured that "no one can medately prior to the war. sions of the day, must be perplex-doubt it. in these days." We must Favourite Time For Weddings. ed by such opposite statements, regret such statements. They are
The number of marriages in Eng made by distinguished Scientists. untrue, and FL departure from.
We propose to examine briefly truth mast injure nt serve the land and Wales during the year as Many,860, equal to a rate of 14.3 pet the meaning of the word "Evolu- cause of genuine Sciener,
persons tion." and something about the talk glibly of "Darwinism." but sons married per 1,000 facts and conclusions on which the the number who have read Darwin's living. This was 0.9 per 1.000 be own yorks is comparatively small low that in the previous year, and theory of Evolution rests.
with the exception of the war year
variety of things: there are minerals
1
It is one of the world's strangest stories of a woman who masquerad ed as a man and neted the part so
as one who had been in turn fighter well that she was hailed every where of Indians, hunter of wild beasta and successful farmer.
100 Fer Cent. "He-Man.**
In districts ranging from the North-West Frontier to Vancouver Harry Langley" has lived the Hife of the hard-working settler, winning the land from its wild state, and being becalded by ali who knew him na the typical pioneer of the wild North-West.
Whenever there was a job to he done that seemed to call for a man with iron determination and
ing on the herculean, Harry " was the choice of the people. He was voted what the Americans call
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The earth is covered with if 1917 was the losest Tate recorded strength of mind and body border S. MOUTRIE & Co.,L
19 statement which were aince 1888. The greatest quarterly and flowers and insects and animals. Facts and did not labelns
number of marriages was again re- Most people take them for grant, only theories. There is a very biscorded in the third quarter of the
difference. Recently there
to
was
ed: were they not always there i "No" is the very definite answer much damage done by a typhoon, year, being 83.830 (or 30.0 per cent. of Science, for there was a time The "Facts" are the ruined houses, of the total), while the number for the uprooted trees, the toads cover the first quarter of the year was when the earth was so intensely hot
ed with rock-fragments, etc. If I 48,228, or 163 per cent. The Regis that these living things could not have existed upon it. It had to did not know of the typhoon, I trar-General points out that this cool down first, and it required a might offer various explanations of preference for the third quarter has long time before it became sufhow this happened; they might be been a feature of the returns since Buficient account the beginning of the present cen- Seintly cool to sustain life. But, al enits
for the damage, and so be very tury, prior to which the highest as Sir Oliver Lodge puts it. some. how or other, in manner at present plausible, but they are only theorics proportion was recorded in the fourth quarter. The number of unknown, Life appeared, a myster-and they happen to be false.
Now let us apply this principle decreet nisi made absolute during laus entity with apparently the potentiality of slow and infinite to Evolution, and for practical pur the year was 2,331, or nine less than Urvelopment."
poses let us take the supposed that in 1925. Evolution of Man from the ape. to! which Sir A. Keith devotes some attention it. bis recent Presidential Address.
Our Ancestors.
The total population of Great Britain and Ireland last year was 48,190,000.
Christiana, if naked how life appeared, would answer "by a
Compared with 1975 creative act of God," and would,
the male population of England and most probably say that each in
Wales increased by 0.52 per cent. dividual kind of living thing was originally created by God, and Many Scientiate hold that if we and the female population by 910 The number of Parlia: endowed by Him with the power of were sufficiently curious about our per cent.
the autumn propagating its own kind. They ancestors investigation would reveal mentary electors on
10,346,054, of whom them to us is monkeys in the forest. register was might be surprised to hear that St. Augustine. St. Gregory of Nyssn. Now why do they think this ? No 10,989,128 were males and 8,304.82G St. Thomas Aquinas and many one ea deny that there is a con- females. equally orthodox Christians besiderable resemblance, in bodily Eeved in "spontaneous generation,' structure, between man and aper that is that, in certain cases, living Patter spontaneously arose from dead matter.
Changes In Nature: Very wonderful changes take place in Nature, and there are so mutny different kinds of living things so like one another in bodily structure that we may ask is it
More
it.'
Evolution and Religion..
of any
.
a 100 per cent. "heman."
Only in cne respect did "Harry" seem to fall down on the "he-man" proposition. He was strangely shy of women, and generally gave them a wide berth.
It was noised abroad that the newcomer had had a love disap pointment in his youth and had 12 consequence become a woman hater. Narrowly Escaped Death at Hands
of Hall-Breeds, Not even her closet friends knew what had become of Mary Cun; ningham when she disappeared from her home in the Durham coal district, but it seems that she rais- ed sufficient money to pay for a passage to Canada, and at some stage of the journey purchased some men's clothes. 80 Mary Cun- died," to be resurrected mingham on Canadian soil as Harry Lang- ley, the ambitious young man who was ready to take on any work that promised reasonable chances of fortune.
N
ed. Later in life "he" went to Vancouver, the possessor of a sub- stantial fortune and the hero of many adventures such as only the hardiest of men usually live through
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Scientists can point out further is: and with somewhat greater con- affinities, as in the nature and refidence to gather information about
At first Harry Langley tried his i actions of th: blood. Further, archaeological researches have un the past from the present inferring fortunes in the wild North-West, earthed various specimens of from want was at any given epoch and gained experience as Indian and in various other directions an human workmanship and human resomething of what went on before fighter, a trapper on the Hudson, mains in the earth. The tooly used
pealing to the adventure-loving, "new chum." by these anicent men were of a
There is a kind of idea that When Louis Riel raised the stin- priraitive and rough kind, pointing to a rudimentary civilzation. Some Evolution and Religion are appes-dard of revolt for the second time, possible that one kind of plans or skulls and other skeletonic parts ed. That is not so, if the Evolu-49 years ago, Harry Langley was ane kind of animal should, in the found, indientes, in the opinion of tion meant is the Evolution of in the district, and after narrowly The Food of Life course of many years, gradually be
many" Scientists, a type of man much which Science is competent to excaping death at the hands of come another kind. Long before closer to the ape than the man of speak. But if the so-called Evolu-Riel's desperate half-breed Indians, Darwin, thoughtful minds had to-day, Much work has spent over tion attempts to explain the origin he took service with the North- examined this question and some these relics, and it was hoped to of the soul of man, it has strayed West Police and had a hand in believed that a gradual change had complete the collection some day away from the paths of Science, the ultimate capture of Riel and gae on, in the course of centuries, and to show the gradual-shaping of for, of such ultimate origins, as his lieutenants, becoming one of so that one apccies or kind of living the ape into the man. The collee Lodge truly says, Science knows no- the guards of the captive rebel thing was transformed into another. tion is still incomplete, and the thing. It has taken a false turn. until the latter was executed at
link between man and monkey and being false must rua counter Regina. Thus the earliest remains of birds,
Twice wounded, once with a is as missing a link as it was into religious truth. found in the earth, were
If anyone wishes to believe that tomahawk thrust in the chest, reptile-like in appearance than the the days of Darwin. We read at birds of to-day. Is it possible that times of the "food" of evidence his body must trace its ancestry Langley" seems to have recover- the bird owes its origin to the rep- The "food" consists of a few back to the ape, we do not know ed without the truth being disclos- tile? We know that climate, food, skulls, some pieces of bones, and of,any religious principle which used skeletons grouped around take the axe to destroy is cross-breeding and various other some factors bring about changes in them. It was remarked that they genealogical tree; on the other animals, sometimes of quite a mark could all fit into the back of a hand, with, mind perfectly to value duly any evidence that may be ed character: could not all these small. Ford delivery van.
In his address, Sir Arthur Keith offered, we have so far failed to forces, working naturally in the
mentions the pieces with which meet with
a convincing course of lang ages, effect even
In the more civilised society "he" was mixing in now any peculisri- more striking changes! Is 1801 a anyone who has read the literature nature, and so we prefer to abide Scientist, named Lamarck, replied: of evolution must be familiar: The by the verdict "not proven," tharties bearing on his secret were more writer to the likely to be revealed, but strangely "Yes, it is so. All species, includ- top of skull, teeth and thigh-bone ing the view of a
one suspected that ing man, are descended from other found in Java. Out of these has literary supplement of the Times enough no species." He believed the modifier been constructed man. Are we who said: No one possessed of Harry Langley was other than the A. B. MOULDER & CO. tions to have been mainly caused really justified in forming any con- sense of humour can contemplate rough diamond he was made out by (a) physical conditions of life, clusion? The first difficulty is to without amusement the battle of to be by those who thought only of (b) crossing of existing forms. (c) prove that they belong to the same evolution, encrinsoned (dialectical him as a pioneer who had braved use or disuse of organs Lamarck individual, for they were found is speaking) with the gore of in- many perils by field and flood.
Six weeks ago "Harry" was in- had his followers, but it was not apart. The second difficulty is to numerable combatants, encumbered:
a motor smash that until 1858 when Darwin published prove that they were human with the corpses of the (dialectical volved in his book entitled: "The Origin of manias.. Some say the skull is ly) slain, and resounding with the necessitated removal to hospital, Species by means of Natural Selec human, others it is of an ape, others cries of the living as they hustle and the secret had to come out, be- Here are cause there Was DO means of tion or the Preservation of Favour intermediate between the two. together in the fray.
Thea ed Races in the Struggle of Life."
comes the "Piltdown zoologists, embryologists, botanists, bluffing the doctors who We give Darwin's own' title: it is sku!" This skull was in very morphologists, biometricians, an operating on the patient. It was important. It tells us exactly what imperfect condition; the efforts of thropologists, sociologists, persons then that Mary Cunningham came The with banners and, without; Darwin-back to life, and Harry Langley Darwin's personal contribution to reconstruction were unhappy.
Darwin ne the question meant.
jaw Found with it was pronouncedians and neo-Darwinians, Lamare- retired into the shadow.
"I have had more than my share cepted Transformism, which was an by Professor Osborn to be that of a kanians and neo Lamarckians, Oat
tonians, Haeckelians, old theory, but he offered the Chimpanzee.
Weisman of adventures," declares the man- "I have done no harm to Scientific world a new explanation It is not to be wondered then nians, de Vriesians, Mandelians, woman. of how it might take place. His that Sir Arthur Keith writes Hertwigians, and many more whom anyone by my innocent imposture. book was written to unfold this there are still great blanks in the it would be tedious to mumerate. I have got much amusement cut of theme.
Briefly it may be stated geologien record of man's evolu- Never was seen such a melee! The it, especially when people have thus: living creatures have a gene tion." He hopes, as do the many humour of it all is, that they all talked in whispers of the Inet that ral resemblance to their parents, Scientists who share his views that cinim to represent "Science," the I was supposed to be a woman- but they also differ from them. these blanks will one day be filled serene, the majestic, the absolutely hater as the result of being jilted Thus the young hare may be in. What is the man in the street sare, the undivided and immutable. in youth." swifter of foot than the parent to think of it all? He ought first the one and saly vice-gerent of "I Shall Not Return to Man's
Yet
Garb. hares, in which case be would be to realize that Evolution, no matter Truth, her other self... better equipped for the battle of how many learned supporters it may it would puzzle them to point to a
Harry Langley" will cease to It is a theological life, as more readily escaping from claim, is only theory. danger.
theory which has stimulated muth more uncertainty, obscurity, dissen exist when the patient is well Variations of an advantageous scientific work and thought and so sion, assumption and fallacy than enough to be discharged, but Mary kind might be passed on and en, far it is good. But it does not their own. For the plain trath, is Cunningham will leave the hospicuriosity. Nor can I return to in time, tend to form a new species. pluin te beginning of life and
that, though some agree in this and tal instead.
"I do not know what I shall England...
I shall probably seek out Can we doubt that individuals could not do sp. A Sir Oliver that, there lot a single point in baving any advantage, however Lodge says: "Of ultimate origins which all agree, battling for evolu- do," she says. "I realise that I
I peace. I shall not return to the my secret is public property. slight, over others, would have the science knows nothing. Its methods tion, they have torn it to pifces: cannot live in Vancouver now that quiet spot whers I can best chance of surviving, and of enable it to infer with more or less nothing is left, nothing at all on should be the object of too much disguise of a man, though after tha
asks accurley what will be from what their showing, saving a few lag-
lapse of years the garments of my procreating their kind?" Darwin,
(Continued on next Column:) ments strewn about the arena. (Continued at foot of neat column.) sex will seem strange to me.
battlefield exhibiting
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