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THE HONG KONG DAILY PRESS. FRIDAY, AUGUST 5th, 1927.
THE RELIGIONS OF JAPAN.
INFLUENCE OF THE LEADING FINE EXAMINED.
IMPORTANT ROLES OF CHRISTIANITY.
Christianity,
The Nestorian missionaries were about
The following interesting review of the leading religious in Japan appears in a copy to hand of the English Supplement to "Present day Japan," It is from the pen of Mr. Yasumada Hiyane.. No other country in our times sutras, and treatises on Buddhist presents such a complicated rearts. ligious problem as Japan. Her re ligions furnish an epitome of all the religions in the world. Besides the Arst to arrive in Japan the world's major religions, Chris- twelve hundred years ago. They tianity and Buddhism, which have came and went without leaving been here for a considerable length any durable traces behind them, of time, there fourishes in Japan Not so transient was the coming Shintoism, whose origin dates back of the Jesuits three hundred and For nearly s to the days of the nation's birth eighty years ago and other primitive or popularized century, until Christianity was beliefs unrelated to the historical, banned by the Shogunate, their evangelical work met with con positive religion. In a word, we have before us a complete chaos soiderable success. Not only did bafing that it would be futile to they preach the gospel, but it was these pioneers who first introduced try to describe it clearly, Com- plicated as it is, however, the un-into the country Western culture, usual condition of religious faiths in medical surgery, printing presses Japan offers a subject of an absorb and exhools They also did much to promote social welfare. Later, ing interest to students of religion and we do not cxaggerate the ima is well known, the Tokugawa Fortance of the topic when we state Shogunate suppressed Christianity with ruthless rigour, partly that nothing is more worth studying about Japan than her religions, through misunderstanding on their This belief summary was prepared part, and partly due to strong op from an impartial angle in the hope position the Buddhists to the West- of drawing the attention of both era intruders. Then followed a start- religious students and laymen to ling page of martyrdom almost un- paralelled in the history of Christian the unique conditions here.
The religions of Japan may be mission work. Soms died the herois divided into five groups:~~
a. Shintaism.
b. Buddhism
e. Christianity.
d. Religions which originated in
China
e. Crude beliefs among
masses,
Shintoism,"
the
deaths of "martyrs,"" were banished in exile. Reliable records of thoss days reveal where the
HARBIN NOTES.
DOWNPOURS OF RAIN..
TRACTORS FOR THE CER
HARBIN, July 17th The whole of the past week the dawnpours of rain have been ter rife, though in Harbin, there have Bot been the thunderstorms. that have been seen in the country dis tricts. Yesterday the rain came down in sheets, resulting in some of the streets becoming rivers for a street the depth of the stream was quarter of an hour. On one main three feet and people driving in motor cars had to lift their feet! off the floor. Many cars got stuck in the foods.
Each downpour
lasted a very short time and be tween the sheets of water the sun came out and dried the pavements up.
The Agricultural Department of the C.E.R. has just presented a re port to the Board saking permis sion to purchase 13 tractors for the purpose of renting these out to the farmers along the railway line and thus assisting in the development of the country and the increase of goods traffic to the railway. In all probability this request will be granted as the projects is not only a good one but a paying one' as
Strong Measures Against „
Communia.
eff
The police are getting stricter and stricter regarding Communitar and propaganda of every kind. Constant rands are being made on houses where it is thought that Communistic literature is stored and now a strict censorship has been introduced at the Post Office
on the mails from Russia About a couple of hundred books and pamphlets were seized in the last Siberian mail, most of these being addressed to the offices of Pro fessional Unions here. these were much book as Rules for Amongst Agitators" and "How to sprend Communism. If it is found that megnetism of the new religion lay: the Unions are trying to spread they tell us how the attention of the Communism amongst the railway people was aroused by the peculiar workmen there is every chance that teachings about the existence of one the offices, will be closed by the God, the stonement of Christ, the Chinese authorities.-Peking and day of Judgment, etc., and how theyTientsin Timer. were further impressed by the
Shintoism stands out as by far the oldest religion of the race inter-mysterious material civilization of --- woven with the mythical traditions the West which flowed into Japan about the founding of Japan as a in the wake. They were also amazed nation on the one hand and with the sanctity of the Imperial Family on the other. Ritea and cere- monies of State' also came to be conducted according to Shinto for malities.
Conclusion."
BUSTER KEATON
IN HIS
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BATTLING BUTLER
He won a bride by posing as the famous boxer Battling Butler. And then the real Batler appeared on the scene?
TO-DAY AND TO-MORROW
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MISS DAPHNE LEIGH
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POPULAR SONG NUMBERS
CONRAD NAGEL and PAULINE STARKE
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In the Carolina hills, where draina lives in the cabins of the lawless, this thrilling-screen story is staged. Moon- light and romance-an epic of loves, hates, mountain feuds and undying devotions!
TO-DAY AND TO-MORROW
WORLD At 5.15 and 9.20 only: ·
ONDIKE-
A TALE OF THE
REX BEACH'S
at the urge of Christianity to elevate the status and improve the In fact, abe unrolls before us an Japan has all kinds of religions. condition of women and children.
amusing panoramia showing dil It is only about seventy years ferent phases of the development oi since the Protestants set about their religions, starting with their primi work here. The most representative tive forms and ending with higher Roughly, Shinto of to-day falls of them are the Congregational, stages to view the whole picture under two categories: first, the Presbyterian, Methodist, Anglican, at a glance is only possible here. Shinto which is rather impersonal and Baptist Churches and the Sal-As I have repeatedly pointed out, with the shrines specially patroni-vation Army. Putting aside their Christianity and Buddhism outshinë zed ad protected by the State aa theological or doctrinal differences, the rest in that they have played an ite nucleus; second, those sects they have contributed materially in important role in advancing civili, founded by devout men and women bringing about social reforms, insation in the past and at the same in the course of the last two hun- | domänding fair treatment for women time fill the present needs. It is dred years. The priesthood at pre- and children, which they rightly de true that the Buddhiste once de minent shrines is generally handed serve, in fostering better homes and nounced Christianity as being in- down from father to son, and these improved educational methods, and compatible, with our national con- guardians say prayers, make offer, in taking long strides in the directitution but later they modified ings to their respective Kami, and tion of the permanent peace of the their narrow views, with the result, perform purifying services." The world.
that now they regard each other Shrine-Shinto claims the whole
If one keeps in mind the far-with a tolerant eye and mutual re- nation as its believers, but the con- reaching impetus Christianity bus spect. Indeed, this complete change tact of the people with the shrines given to the social reform move within the last forty years marks is neither direct not close.
ments in Japan, one should not be a distinctive turning-point in the surprised at the long list of the annals of religions. No more need leading social reformers who are the Japanese Christians fear per Christians. The latest phenomenon secutions, no more discrimination in our social movements bas been against Christianity as a foreign the appearance of a few political faith. It is ostracised no longer. parties with the backing of the At every Christmas, Christians and masses One of them, the Social De- non-Christians alike scem to join in mocrats, is led by Prof. Isoo Abe, the rejoicings over the birth of the Bavior: people exchange, presenta who was once a Christian pastor.
and all the shop-windows display. Christmas decorations. gorgeous Children are not neglected either. They are to be found all engerness in reading books containing stories DR. TAGORE'S DEPARTURE. OPERATIONS BY MAGNET.
It remains to be seen where Shinto will be in the future now that the mind of the Japanese these days is getting more and more in- clined toward internationalism, while Shinto is inseparably allied with nationalism. Not only
Shrine Shinto, which confines its activities to ceremonial services, but Personal. Shinto is also apathetic to social reforms of welfare movements, and that is why the popular reaction to it remain indifferent with all the traditional advantage the religion enjoys in paving the way for ready acceptance by the people.
Buddhism,
Buddhism came to Japan by way of China and Korea about fourteen hundred years ago. Japan has drank deep of the teachings of Buddha ever since. It was thus in evitable that the influence the re ligion exercised dh her should be | profound and far-reaching.
and all illustrations of the infant Christ.
THE BARRIER
FEATURING
NORMAN KERRY, HENRY B-WALTHALL AND
LIONEL BARRYMORE
STAR
A FINAL MESSAGE. UNITY EVERY MAN'S WORK.
-TO-DAY AND TO-MORROW
ContinuousTM from 280.
In the field of publication, the Christians here surpass the Bud- dhists in the volume of literature they turn out: but but they tall for short of the latter in quality. So far the products of the mission press mostly consist of tracts for popular con- Works imbued with sumption.
Another point worth mentioning
SUCCESSFUL EXPERIMENT originality
depth come out at about the two principal religions is
ON A SOLDIER.: long intervals. On the other hand, the enthusiasm with which they have
NEW YORK however, the Bible is becoming more begin to tackle social problems in a
Dr. Rabindranath Tagore, left The successful use of magnetism. and more widely diffused, so much scientific way. The new field thus so that we find it even in the homes opened up is attracting a number of Singapore on Tuesday last week for in extracting foreign objects from of non-Christians now-a-daya Side young men and women graduated Malacca. He boarded the Govern the bronchial tubes was reported by side with the Bible, the hymns from the Christian or Buddhist ment, launch, Lady Guillemard, at by Dr. Chevalier Jackson, to the are getting popular; almost every theological schools. It is still too 4.30 accompanied by members of annual meeting of the American home having an organ or a piano early to predict here what achieve the reception committee and a few Bronchscopic Society.
Dr. Jackson, who holds the chair, What appears strange shout the provided with them. Not a few ments their efforts may reap An- others, who stayed on board with way the Buddhists carry on their churches now boast of well-trained other experiment was launched some the Poet until the steamer was of bronchoscopy in the University of Pennsylvania and in Jefferson social uplifting activities is the sb-tions in this country is roughly put began to receive religious instruc Tagore attended a farewell luncheon after twenty-two years he had suc-
choirs. The total number, of Chris-fifteen years ago, when children about to leave
Earlier the same afternoon, Dr. Medical College, declared that sence of such objectives as pro-at 100,000.
tion. As in other fields, the two hibition and the abolition of licensed
religions rie with each other in this which was given by Mr. Granville ceeded in employing magnetism in prostitution from their programmes. Beligious of Chiness Origin.
movement, with Christianity forg- oberts at his flat in Meyer Man- removing a foreign object from a Further, they have not, so far, The term religions of Chinese ing ahead of Buddhism by taking sion. There were present Mr. R. J. patient's lungs. marched side by side with the origin" may be a misnomer. By it the initiative in Sunday schools. Farrer, President of the Municipal The specific case was that of a Christians toward the goal of world I mean the religious elements con- Goaded on by their competitors, the Commissioners the Consul General Canadian Soldier who developed peace. They are, no doubt, not intained in Confucianism and Tacism, Buddhists have organised splendid for Germany Mr. and Mrs. Weber, symptoms of pulmonary disease. different to this ideal. They have which claimed a larger following in Bunday schools of their own where the Consul General for America, Investigation showed a steel bullet no fellow-religionists abroad with the past than now. Devotion to children sing Buddhist hymns and Mr. A. E. Southard and Mrs.embedded in his Jungs, whom to co-operate in promoting it. Confucius, worship of the constela receive rudiments of the doctrine. Southard, the Consul-General-fòr | All the usual methods of extract- Has Buddhism turned a deaf ear tions fortune-telling, incantation, Along with secularization of re-France, M. da Corthial and Madam (ing. it failed, said Dr. Jackson to modern needs 1. Emphatically no charms, magic, and many other ligious activities, the study of re- du Comthial, the Hon. Dr. Noel until a magnet was used to hold. There are eloquent signs of the feticisms sprang from these Chinese ligions has become popular Several Clay Mr. M. A Namazit, Dr. the bullet in position while it was progress it has made. The temples, religions. Unlike either Christianity recognised
on - religious Gilbert Brooke, the German Comel gripped with the forceps and ex- for instance, continue to be so or Buddhism, they are not systema philosophy have been translated for Culombo, lir. Schwarz and Mrs. tracted,› modified or rebuilt as to fit into tised and maintain their existence into our language, while valu Schwarz and Mr. L. G. Cranna. "the architectural requirements of among the masses merely as super-able: books along the same At the conclusion of the tifini Me" komput today and to reserable somewhat stitions or religious practices. As a lines by Japanese are coming Granville Boberts proposed a toast in Malays again and that he was the American institutional churches.general rule the followers of Con out in an increasing number. In to Dr. Tagore and said how pleased glad to see there such a representa Where Buddhism used in the past fucius are agnostic or at least in my opinion, auch a pursuit should they were to have renewed their live gathering. He would like to to reach about Paradise after different to religion. This attitude to most interesting and valuable in acquaintance with him and to be emphasize that his work should not death, it now seeks to teach the would be the only possible sequel to aconatry with a long history of able once more to show him how remain merely his work but should people about Buddhism as a realiza- the secular ideais no strongly em- religions, which still exist side by much they appreciated his endea be shared in by every man who tion in the present life. The annual plasized by the founder of the side. Moreover, in the sense that route on behalf of international falt that he could continute to- art exhibition in Tokyo would not teaching-impeccable morals and the United States is called a melt fellowship. It was the wish of the wards unity not only of the two be complete without a few Buddhist wholesome home life for individuals, ing pet of races, Japan should be gathering thers that day to assure hemispheres, but of each nation. pictures. Attempts are made to consolidation of orderly government regarded as the melting pot of re. Dr. Tagore that the Visva Bharatl According to the arrangemente create. Buddhist music, though with at home and elimination of war bgions We expect the strong would not pass out of their minds which have been made for Dr. little success as the present achieve like strife from the surface of the stream of a new alloy to come gush or the minds of his other friends in Tagore's visit to Malacca, he will ment sounds very much like church earthin
We Singapore but-that-the-doctrines not proceed to Seremban on the bymas. In the publication of litera
crude beliefs | furthermore with observers abroad tore it outshines the virile Chris among the simple-minded people would pay more attention to this their co-operation in every possible dinner at Mr Chag Kang Swi'e. tianity in the quality of its publics. They are nothing more than so many aspect of our national life. Their shape and forme de bungalow, at Kibbank, (Ehaithean tions, which include works of per- variations of bybrids of Shinto, Bud- advice and suggestions, se to the Dr. Tagore replied caying that it with the Resident Councillor and ar manent value on Indian philosophy dhism, and Chinese faiths.
mission incurabent ga-Japka will be | Was a great pleasure for him to be at home at the Rendency. Ninge voluminous, reprints of the complete.
welcomed by our whole people.
(Continued on next Cahunane). pore Free Press
&
works
Lastly come several en rug from the furnace some day for which it stood would receive 28th The programme included a
ued on next Volum.)
•