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CAPITAL--AND WHO MUST OWN IT.
با مجویی
WHY THE SOCIALIST STATE IS IMPOSSIBLE.
(BY SIR ERNEST BENN.]
Quite three-quarters of all the talk about politics and public -affairs" is now concerned with
economics.
Public expenditure in England reaches the staggering, figure of £3 per week per family, and the game af politics is played with a stake of £1,000 for every hundred that was thought sufficient twenty-five yenrango.
Nobody talks of economy, and ail political parties are committed! to schemes involving further expen- diture. The science of political economy should be renamed the science of political extravagance.
The economic issue is immessu ably the most important of public, questions to-day. People can be divided into grades, from right to left or from blue to red, according to their way of looking at economic
matters
and saved sewers and roads, public parks, and a number of usettil and important things, but these are not capital in the economic sense.
HOUSE BUILDING IN ENGLAND.
NEARLY A MILLION HOUSES SINCE THE WAR.
TACKLING A NATIONAL PROBLEM.
Loxbox, June 13th. Capital, or wealth, as defined by
Complete gures are now avail- John Stuart Mill, is all things useful and agreeable having an able to show the progress of house change value, and you cannot ex- building in this country during change or sell a road or a sewer. the twelve manths ended March
31st.
No government, no public au- thority, has anything but debt, which is the opposite of capital. The pennomic issue is so serious, and its right understanding so im portant, that much greater efforts than have ever yet been made are necessary to arrive at a general fundamental matter. So much for public understanding of this capital
Consumer and Producer,
It appears that during the six months ending March 31st, 111,000 houses of all kinds were completed in England and Wales. The igures for the two previous half years, ending September 30th and March respectively, 31st, 1928, were 106,563 and 91,021 -For
the twelve months ended last March, there fore, the total reached the high figure of 217,029, and there is indication that this Sgure will be every maintained during the present year
100,000 New Homes Required Every Year.
Capitalism is something apart and different. It is the system under which we live, the system Sentimental Stupidities.
which govern the conduct of in- There are those who believe industry, and often wish that sonie other word than "capitalism" (1) the divine right of private ownership and that everything is clear. Capitalism is a system of Association of Building Societies, could be popularised to make this In a letter to the chairman of the Perfect; (2) that private ownership exchange, ander which we render Mr Ramsay MacDonald stated is convenient, but that things are services to one another, and thus that 100,003 new houses are requir very imperfect; (3) that private ownership is a passing phase, and provide the various things we needed every year. This tallies closely that things will get better as the or think we need. State and collective ownership gradually develop; (4) that private Ownership is the cause of all evil and should be abolished.
gradual constitutional methods and those who would
or
bang
with the estimate of the Minister There are two big differences be of Health, who has expressed the tween capitalism. And any other opinion that 70,000 houses are system. The first difference, and needed yearly to meet the normal growth of the population, while to most people's minds it is con 30,000 more are required to reple The last mentioned class divides cinsive and sufficient, is that those houses that go out of use itself into those who believe in caher system has ever yet abon owing to decay or other causes. In
ay signs of working.
the last twelve months, therefore, But I prefer the theoretical and the normal needs of the population the offenders on the lamp post more scientific difference. Under have been met, and more than forthwith But while everybody capitalism we all have to render 110,000 new houses in addition have by instinct
inclination the service which the other man been built to help wipe off the 'ar gravitates towards one of these wants; and thus we are all able
rears that accumulated during the class, very, very few people can to get, if we will pay for it, the war. explain clearly and logically why sort of service that we desire. they sympathise with the economic Capitalism is the consumer | views they profess.
system. It is based upon the in- There is a good deal of rentimen.dividual desires of each of us. All tal muddle-headedness in all poli- our work is regulated by the whims tical parties, and there is very and fancies or taste of the people grave danger, especially when the for whom we work." girls get the vote, in a scheme of Socialism, or any her system, things which places the respousi- but capitalism, must mean that bility of governing the Eupira on somebody will settle for us 25,000,000 people who exercise that things we want and the things we responsibility without
well- can have. thought-out basis for their econo- Capitalism 13 the consumer mic opinions
system, Bocialism is the produces Supposing, and it is a very large supposition, that pro ducers would produce at all if they were relieved of the domination of the consumer, the producer system is stupid, from the lowest gr the most selfisk point of view of each
Every voter, for instance, ahbuld | system. be able to define quite clearly the difference between capital, capi talism and capitalists, and yet there are very few who have ever bothered to think about the mate ter.
of
the
Capital is production which is of us, not consumed; another way
Eren the man who works eight saying "savinga "We cannot live hours a day for seven days a week without capital. We are only able is only one-third producer and to buy a new hat because a lot of you come to think of it, every one two-thirds consumer, and when other people for years previously have been willing to save up, and of us is really interested not in keep, and wait for our convenite what we produce but in what with the straw and silk or the cot- consume. ton.
Having considered capitalism, Or. other materials which eventually come together and format us, instly, take a look at the oar hat.
capitalists. This is really the root There is no need to argue about not an economic one, it is psycholo of the trouble, and the trouble is Communists agree capital; even that it is necessary. The daly
gical. argument is as to who should own it
Good and Bad Capitalists. Carlyle said that we were mostly fools, and capitalists, just like bricklayers or journalists or curates or policemen, are just as foolish as
900,000 Houses. To this total of 17,629 houses has to be added. 13,018 houses built in Scotland during the period with the aid of the subsidy and a further thousand er more
Kame
houses built without financial assis tance...
Since the armistice nearly 800,000 built in England and Wales. new houses of all kinds have been
The figures give interest to the inquiry now being held as to the desirability of continuing the rent restriction act, which comes up for review at the end of the present year. It is understood that the the policy of rent restriction will view in Ministerial circles is that have to be continued it any rate for another year.
FIND NEAR JERUSALEM.
2,500-YEAR-OLD HOUSE'
INTACT.
JERUSALEM.
BLUE FUNNEL LINE
SUMMER CRUISES 1927
To Shanghai, Tsingtan, Wei-Hai-Wei, Taku (for Tientsin & Peking), Dairen and return to Hong Kong.
Lears Hong Kong Arriva Shanghai
Leave Shanghai
Amire Tringtad
Leave Tsingtao
Arrive Weihaiwei
Leare. Weihalwei
Arrive Chefoo LOATS Chefoo Arrive Taka Bar (for Tientsin & Peking) Leave Taka Bar Arrive Leare
Arriro Dairen Laste Dairen. Arrive Taku Bar Leate I Bar Arrive LEATO Arrive
Bar
Tsingtao Tsingtas Arrivo Shanghai Leare Shangbai Arrivs Hong Kong
H
** HECTOR ** "AEREAS
11,198 ans. 10,068 ions.
Aug. 28th.
Sept. 29th 29th Oct. Irt Sit
Sept. 2nd
E
#Sud -8rd-
6th
Pth
10th
ป
18th
13th
19th
16th
18th
19th
90nd
20th
25th
28th
4th
Sist
For Further Particulars, Apply to
THI
BUTTERFIELD & SWIRE,
AGENTS. Telephone Central 36.
SAINT" MUSSOLINI.
HOUSEWIVES' BLESSING.
ROME
EXCHANGE.
ULOSING QUOTATIONS.
Ox Lordor.
.
July 30th, 1927, Tolographic Traunfie 3/11/ Bank Billa, on demand...1/11 18/16 Bank Bills, at 80 days' sight Bank Bills, at 4 months'
solini is able to announce that in The Government of Signor Mus eleven months of the present fiscal year the State Budget shows an excess in receipts of $48,000,000 lire (about £11,000,000): This enables the Government to proceed with further measures in the interest of the 'pablic-the promised reduction | Or Park in rates, a diminution of railway and trancar fares, and, if exhorta- tions fail, drastic reduction in food and clothing prices to a figure four times the average price of
st month
-
*..2/0+ sight 2/0 15/16
⭑
sight ***
...2/1-1/16
1,935
Bank Bills, on demand Uredits, 4 months sight... 1,310 On New Yo
Bank Hills, on demand Credits, a 60 days' night...
same articles. in 1914. The only Marler |
The Mizpah expedition of the thing in which the Government has the direction of Professor William dates to the cost of cigars and Pacific School of Religion, under not yet caused public rejoicing re Bade, which is investigating the cigarettes. There may be cheaper site of the city of Tel-el-Nisbh, living, but not cheaper smoking, seven miles north of Jerusalem, has However, the energetic action of! made some highly important dia. Siguor Mussolini has made him & more heroic figure than ever in the coveries.
An exceptionally bue, well-pre-re hears in the market-places the estimation of Italian "höuSEWİVES:
all other people. served Israelite [barat)
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Spendthrifty Governments, #It does not really matter to the girl who buys the hat who owned the capital involved in the making and storing and collecting of the When a poor man wastes his money seventh century B.C. has been die familiar threats to butchers, On Hatavia. On demand
OF HAIFRONG. On demand materials and the waiting through he excites our pity, but when a closed, including the street en grocers, and other dealers, and all the processes, as long as she well-to-do person plays the fool we trance, several rooms, a large stone ussolini comes out with a new
On Batens-On demand such expressions as Wait till gets her hat.
OF BANGKOK-On demand basin, the bread trough, and a decree, then you will see. The BOVIXION, Bank's Buying rate 89.70 If any of the 987 different kinds It is, of course, perfectly true private cisterd behind the house decree reducing by law rents of Got La47, 100 fins, per seol... of Communists and Socialists that a great many people who could produce any evidence to show possess expital act and behave in pot, containing the remains of food, 1014 is recognised as a boon to the
large four-handled earthenware to four times the average in BA Ha, per os. that any soviet or council or gov- ways that are open to criticism was found still embedded in the ornment had ever been able to save from a social point of view. The ashes of the fire-place, left there will not starve, but millions of tenants already bless Mussolini.
entire nation. House proprietors anything, there would be the be remedy is to educate them, to when the inhabitants departed 2,500 ginnings of a case for public owner-awaken their social responsibility years ago.
(Continued on next Column.)", "Cole un santo" (a real saint). ship as against private ownership But to take their money away of capital.
from them is the greatest economic This is the first big practical folly. However they behave and difficulty. The very best of govern- however they spend their incomes ments, naz_own, has never in all they are performing an essential oar centuries of experience beca economic function, inasmuch as able to do anything but borrow they are the people who are hold- money on the security of the pri.ing and keeping and preserving vate property of its citizena. Gov-the capital on which we all depend craments have, it is true, made for our civilised existence.
MSS. TO GO TO HOSPITAL, SLEEPING GIRL BRANDED,
LIFE WORK OF A GERMAN
BOLENTIST:
RONE.
ASTOUNDING CRIME IN
HOLLYWOOD.
NEW YORK, July 6th. Ten precious papyri of the ninth i An astounding crime was cóm- and tenth centuries, which are mitbed in Hollywood early this among the great ecclesiastical morning, when an "unknown man treasures of the Spanish Church, gained an entrance to the apart are to be brought to Bome from ment of Miss Doris Dore, a twenty- Barcelona for medical treatment one-year-old actress us ad ay in the clinic Dr. Koki, a asleep and clashed the letter: “ K £1. German specialist who has devoted seven times on her breast, trus, his life to the discovery of methods hands, forehead, and chin with à to preserve old manuscripts.
Cardital Erble, president of the Papal Commission for Biblical Studies, wüll personally fetch the manuscript from Spain
razor. The man escaped.
Neighbours, who were aroused by Miss Dore's screams summoned assistance, and removed the actress to the
Hollywood Emergency Hospital,
Each papyrus contains the text of a Papal bull, except one, which Miss Dores in a serious-con- has the text of three bulls, and they dition and is unable to provide a are written in lottering used by the clue. She states that this was the Papal Court up to the end of the third successivo night that she had eleventh century,
been aroused after midnight. The Of course, the manscripts will be first two nights she "was aroused returned to Spain when they have by knockings, which she disregard- been medicated, but the journey is ad She added that she woke as said by souse experts to be so risky a strange sized her and for them that there is opposition in stilled her screams with one hand some quarters to their travelling and" wielded the razor with the so far.
other..
Synol
Paste Distemper
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