8
THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 4TH, 1926,
TO-MORROW AT THE CINEMAS
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BRITISH IMPERIAL DEFENCE.
OPINIONS OF THE PREMIERS.
THE SINGAPORE BASE."
From the following speeches, cabled to us by Reuter, it will be scen that the subject of Imperial Defence was very thoroughly discussed at the Imperial Conference, which closed quite recently:-
posse, and £6,250,000 on naval construc. [TROCH KRUTER'A AGENCY.]
tion and aircraft equipment. That was Hr. Baldwin's Statement. „
equal to an annual expenditure of LONDON, December 2nd.
twenty-four shillings per head of the The spreches of Mr. Stanley Baldwin,population throughout five years but for Mr. S. M. Bruce, Mr. J. G. Coates, MF the current year the appropriation was of Havenga and the Maharajah of Burd-
over £8,000,000-an average coat wan on imperial defence at the, Imperial 27/2d. per head." Conference on October 28th are issued to-night.
The Guiding Principle. Mr. Bruce said that the guiding prin- ciple on which all defence preparations was based, is complete abiformity with the fighting services of Britain in order, in time of emgency, they may dovetail any formation with which the Australian forces may be needed to
Mathods of Training.
satisfied that it was essential there should be a base in the East where the British Navy could be quartered in the event of trouble arising in the Pacifio, both protecting the Empire territories and en- saring the trade routes Australia's final decision was that Singapore should be the place!
Mr. Bruce recalled how the Australian defeng programme aver five years was arrived at after an earlier reversal of the British policy to proceed with the Singapore Base, and it was very grave- ly doubtful whether, in view of the An- ancial limit to which Australia had gone with regard to its programme, that it should do anything further now. He was only able to say therefore that Australia believed the Singapore scheme to be ab- solutely essential and, while he could not for a second suggest that Australia would contribute to its construction in view of its remaining commitments, he promised that the position would be discussed by the Commonwealth Parliament after his return, and it would be for Parliament to come to the decision it thought fit. He concluded by emphasising that Aus alia still subscribed to the principle that every effort should be, made to bring
about the limitation of. armaments,
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42
Mr. Baldwin, the Prime Minister, stressed the rigid adherence of successive Governments to the advisory and con- sultative character, of the Committee of Imperial Defence, throughout all its developments The elasticity of mem-into
New Zealand Premier's Viswa. bership of the Committee enabled the
the The organisation of Dominions and India to take advantage co-operate.
Mr. J. G. Contes (New Zealand) of the facilities of the Committee to any Royal Australian Navy was similar to expressed himsell as impressed with the extent they desired and they can accept, that of the Royal Navy. Two Australian service demonstrations. He was disposed modify or reject its advice. Opportuni cruisers would probably visit England to think that the army demonstrated a ties for personal association of the teearly in 1928 to turn over their crews to number of vehicles and machines which presentatives of the Dominions with the two new 10,000 ton cruisers, the Australia would be of practical use not only mili Committed since the war had not been and the Canberra. The war establish-tarily but civilly and commercially par numerous but the question of imperial ments of the British army were accepted ticularly in overseas countries in con defence had been discussed in the greatest without modification as the war establish nection with pioneering work. He was detail by the Imperial Conferences, ments of the Australian army.
of opinion that the taxpayer was getting which, indeed, provided an opportunity
a most valuable asset in the army's work for stocktaking the Committee's work. Apart from the personal attendance of! With regard to uniformity with British apart from defence. He agreed with Mr. Ministers, however, the association of the army methods of training, Mr. Bruce Bruce that it was most hard for the separate parts of the Empire, especially Dominions with the Committee since the said that every officer of the permanent in the case of dispute which affected one war had been considerable. He men- forces was sent abroad, either to England
of the construction of the necessary ships tioned that there are at present fifty or India for a year or two years. Her two portions, to be asked if the burden sub-committees dealing with the co-ordi- expressed appreciation of Sir Laing could not be borne in greater proportion nation of the fighting services and the Worthington Evans' inducing the Army by the Dominions which did not consider anxillary work of the civilian depart. Council to accept one sealer Australian themselves so vitally concerned in Sin- ments generally. The whole of this great permanent officer for six months during gapore. It seemed important that offers Seld was co-ordinated by the Committee the 1997 training season, to command the of assistance from the Dominions and of Imperial Defence in the hope that the ad Cavalry Brigade. The Indian Gov- India should be made soon. It was at Dominions and India would avail them erament, in an effort to secure co-ordi present not practical politics for New selves of the advantages of the recently nation of training methods, had request- Zealand to build cruisers, but it intend- ed the loan of an Australian permanent ed to continue the policy of developing established Imperial Defence College.
ataff officer for three years as an instruc its own division of the Royal Navy and tor in the Staff College system of
to maintain modern and suitable exchange of staff officers with England cruisers. The question of New Zealand and India was regularly maintained.
making a deinite annual contribution as regards Singapore would be submitted Mr. Bruce testified that the War Office to his parliament at an early date. He and the Commander-in-Chief in India considered that the New Zealand.Govern- had always received Australian sugges-meat would be prepared to increase their tions with the best of goodwill." Two share of the burden Britain had to bear to enable the sea supremacy of any par- were at present Australian engaged in a flight, including the west ticular quarter to become more efficient. coast of Australia, New Guines, the Details were now being discussed with Solomon Islands, New Hebrides, New the Admiralty. As regards military po- Caledonis, Fiji, and Samos with the icy, New Zealand intended to continue ductions of the original Admiralty object of surveying bases for war as well the full agreement with the Defence Com-Society.” Will'say' who are unable to attend
mittee's as hono- test the suitability of seaplanes for geneity of oganisation, material and use operation in those waters. He thought of training establishments in Britain, this showed that Australia would be India and any Dominion with which it had been submitted of the possibility of anxious to continue air development on quite sympathetic to the suggestion which could co-operate. sending an Australian squadron to Sia- co-operative lines with Britain and por pore in the event of the contemplated sibly Australia. He pointed out that flight thither. New South Wales was New Zealand's geographical position en- docking a 10,000 ton cruiser. The Com about to build a floating dock, capable of tered into the consideration. monwealth Government was contributing. a subsidy on the basis that the dock may be requisitioned at any time and towel for service to any part of Australia.
Munitiona...
Singapore Faval-Baze;—— Referring to the Singapore Naval Base he stated that the present programme of work was limited to what was essential to enable the utilisation of the floating dock after its arrival. Meanwhile, the Government had recently decided to adopt the reduced scheme advanced by the Admiralty. At the same time careful investigations were made with regard to the requisite naval base defences, and the plans of the Chiefs of Staffs had been approved. The expenditure would be most heavy, even after allowing for re-
after most careful consideration, that it was vital to the security of the Empire that this scheme be proceeded with, be cause it was essential for the fleet to have full freedom of movement throughout the Empire. Therefore he asked the Dominions specially interested in the Far East to consider most carefully whe ther there was any way in which they can co-operate in the development of Singapore, either now or within the nex: few years. There could be no поте valuable contribution to the defence of the Empire as a whole..
Air Raids,
Australia and Aviation,
officers
New Zealand was
South Africa's Views.
Mr. Havenga (South Africa) detailed the South African military system of de fence and said he approved of coast de- fences being maintained at Table Bay and Simons Bay. The question of mak ing Durban an adequately defended port Regarding was under consideration.
"CHURCH" NOTICES.
Er. Joux's CATEDRAL, Hong Kong.
December 5th, 1926, 2nd Bunday in Advaște- →For Communion at 8 mm.
Children's Service at 10a.m. Matina at 11 8.M,
Prencher-he Carhedral Chaplain. Subject: The Call from Africa. Holy Communion at 12 noon. Evensong at 6p.m. 1 —.
Preacher-The Cathedral Chaplain. BabjectChrist's Scorn. Collections for the British and Foreign Bible
Treasurer of the Cathedral P: S. Cassidy, Esq.
CHIOX CHULCH-Kennedy Bond.
Sunday Services, December 5th-
Sunday School at 10 am. Morning Service at 11 m.
197
Hymns: 19, 417, 295 and 333. Preacher Rev. F. W. P. Alexander, c.r. P.S.A.. in Lecture Hall at 4 pm Evening Service at 6 p.m.
Hymns: 133, 607, 546, 676 and 632. Preacher-Ber. J. Kirk Maconschis. Tuesday: Concert by Hong Kong Male Voice
Choir at B p.m.
Wednesday, December 8th, at 8.15 p.m.-
Foldiers and Sailors' Christian Association." Friday, December 10th, at 8.30 p.m.-Chris-
Gian Endeavour Meeting and Social Hour.
[93
SCIENTIST. CHRIST, Asc Ionnell Road, below Bowen Boad Tram Station.. Sunday Service, December 5th, at 11.15 am. Subject Gon Tuz CLT GAVEZ (AND
CREATOR."
Considerable progress had been made Arrangements were being made for the by continuous investigation into the pre- Provision of oil tanks at Darwin and cautions in the event of air raids. A the Commonwealth Government had general organisation, before the War scheme of insurance against aircraft and placed an order with the War Office for South Africa aimed at keeping a mili- bombardment riska in the light of war the early delivery in 1927 of £1,000,000 tary organization as far as her resources experience had been worked out, and worth of material according to British would permit in harmony with the Bri-FIT plans were also "worked out for the Army patterns. Australia was looking tish Government's policy, but no citizen insurance, of ship's cargoes against war forward to becoming fully self-support can legally be compelled to render per risks. Viscount Cecil presides over then in the near future as regards the sonal war service outside South Africa, Trading and Blockade Sub-Committee, provision of equipment and munitions, and therefore the extent of South which was studying, all methods of the In describing the extent of the factories Africa's immediate or ultimate parti- cipation would depend on South Africa's economic pressure, which were inaccur; already established or in course of erec national interest in the war being so ately termed "blockade used in the late tion, Mr. Bruce said that the guiding
principle was to try to ensure if the great that when an emergency should necessity arose the organisation and would be acceptable to the country, or arise, the special amending legislation complete co-operation of the whole manu- facturing industrial plant in the coun when popular interest was great enough try. A series of factories was gradually to ensure numerous volunteers. He was being built up for things not manufactur confident that if the circumstances were ed commercially. The whole service of air such that the Union desired to parti- units would be re-equipped with most cipate in the war public opinion would modern types in the course of the next be such that no difficulty would be ex- three years. Landing grounds were be perienced in obtaining an Infantry Bri ing established on strategical air routes gade for external service, and a further effort would be forthcoming if the besides these for civil aviation.
situation developed..
war.
Motheds of Communication. Mr. Baldwin outlined other sub-Com mittees activities and hoped that as part of the general policy of improving methods of communication and consulta tion on matters of common interest it would be considered how far in the in terest of the Co-ordination of defence the elastic machinery of the Imperial Defence Committee might be further used. The Home Government would cer thinly welcome a more frequent associa tion and closer co-operation with the committee on all matters affecting the Dominions or the general defence of the Empire.
Naval Defence.
Catac
2
Wednesday Evening Meeting at 5.30 p.m. Reading Room at above address, open Tuesday and Friday, 10am to 12 Noon;. Monday and Thursday, 5 to 7 pm.
The Public is cordially invited to attend the
services and visit the Reading Room.
[87
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Freedom of Decision. . Mr. Bruce urged that the question of
On the understanding that nothing was naval defence was not only of primary done to prejudice the freedom of the interest to Australasia but to every Do
Union's decision, the South African mili- inion, because if the overseas sea-borne tary advisers were instructed to discuss Statements were made at A further trade was interfered with, certainly the necessary details of organisation with the meeting meeting on October 26th by economic life and possibly the whole na War Office and Air Ministry. "While it Admiral Beatty on behalf of the Chiefs tional life would be destroyed. The of Staff Committee and by Lord Birken- whole Empire was concerned in this pro it may be contended that our present ex- head and, after subsequent, meetings at blem and ought to play a reasonable part works is inadequate considering the penditure on naval and coast, defence the Ministries, the discussions were reaccording to population and resources sumed at a meeting of the Conference on Britain had a much greater responsi geographical position of the protection November 15th, when speeches were madebility than anybody. She had a so much we enjoy, the responsibilities we have al- by Mr. Mackenzie King, Mr. Bruce, Mr. greater volume of trade that in any cir- ready nesumed must be borne in mind Coates, Mr. Hayenga, Mr. Moaron and cumstances she would have to bear the together with the fact that these will the Maharajah of Burdwan,
greater proportion and a considerably Probably involve heavy capital expendi- larger per capita contribution towards ture in the near futura.
Air and Land Foress. naval expenditure. But the Australian view was that we were all equally con He was of opinion that in the present cerned with naval defence, particularly stage of their development, the policy the protection of Empire trade routes best serving the Union as well as the and that something should be done to try British Commonwealth is that while dis- to ensure that the burden was a little charging the present coast defence re- more equally divided. Mr. Bruce put sponsibilities to devote all available fin- in statistics, showing the expenditure on ancial resources to the training and de tralia) reviewed at length what had been minions in 1924-25 and 1925-26, which with these that, South Africa was able cognate matters. Mr. Baldwin accepted Mr. 8. M. Bruce (Premier of Aus defence in Britain and each of the development of air and land forces. It was against South-Africa, also to consider"
the suggestion. done in Australia in the way of defence showed that in the latter year, Britain's most effectively to assist in case of a ainee the passing of the 1923 Conference per capita total was 613 pence, Canada's war in which the Union was "par- resolutions. He said that the ordinary 70 pence, New Zealand's 155 pence, South ticipating. expenditure on the maintenance of local Africa 30 pence and Australia 328 pence, defence, now approximates £5,000,000 an- Ha suggested that securing a position of nually. The Australian Government in equality of status in the Empire by the 1924, also approved of a developmental Dominions carried with it some respon programme extending for five years at ribility to share in the common burden
total cost of £5,000,000, excluding the of defence. capital cost of naval construction-that
Canada's And Australia's Defence, Mr. Mackenzie King (Premier of Canada) expressing appreciation of the service demonstrations, said they indicat ed the need for all parts of the Empire to keep abreast in defence development He proceeded to describe the Canadian delence organisation.
is, the ordinary programme of £5,000,000. One million pounds sterling was also
Hescock, Victoria
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Newfoundland and Indian Views, Mr. Mouree (Newfoundland) said men, Mr. Havenge stressed the attention de cspecially seagoing, were the only con- voted to the Air Force, which was or siderable direct contribution which New ganised and trained on the lines of the found and would financially be able to Royal Air Force to ensure ensy co-opera- offer. tion with the other forces of the Empire.
The Maharajah of Burdwan said India He suggested that the Committee of subscribed to the general wish for dis Imperial Defence review the Bouth armament but must not fail adequately Africa coastal defences and consider whe-to
Australia and Singapore. Mr. Bruce referred to Singapore, may-
burdens thereunder unfortunately ren programme, which Mr. Bruce specified ance to Australia. It was of the very and more economically employed on dered it impossible that she should con- at length. Mr. Bruce summed up by greatest importance to every part of the the assumption that it would soon be tribute to the Singapore base. India- saying that Australis in the present five Empire that the trade routes of the world necessary to re-arm or increase some of had accepted the necessity of maintain years of which this is the third year, is were ensured in the event of an outbreak the coastal defences, and, in view of the ing uniformity in training methods and spending £25,000,000 on ordinary main of hostilities, so that our trade was not probable nature and scale of any attack equipment throughout the Empire,
(Continued on next Column). far as practicable tenance, £3,000,000 on developmental pur dislocated. Australia was still quite
provided for an additional developmentaling the question was of primary import ther aircraft could be more efficiently provide her own local defence. The