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TUESDAY, OCTOBER 12ru, 1926
MISSIONARY WORK IN CHINA.
· FOUR MILLION VOLUMES OF SCRIPTURE CIRCULATED.
REPORT OF BRITISH AND FOREIGN BIBLE SOCÏETY.
The hundred and twenty-second report of the British and Foreign Bible Society for the year ending March, 1978, states, in regard to the Far Eastin
At the present moment, when, follow ing the naval incident on the Yangtze, the little flotilla of British ahallow-draft patrol boats is very prominant in the public eye, the following article by Lieut.-Commander the Hon. Jo M. Ken- The attention of the civilised world worthy, R.N., M.P., in the Manchester has been focused largely upon China.
There is no heed to dwell hereupon. Guardian, will be read with interesti
events that are fresh in the memory of For forty years a fotilla of British all. Civil war; anti-Christian agitation; gunboats has patrolled the great Yang-brigandage, and every form of lawlessness taze-kiang, and another fotilla the West River, running from Hongkong past Canton and far into the southern pro- rince of Kwangs. Up to twenty years ago British trade was predominant in these two great river basins, and almost the only fortiga flags seen on these inland waters were flown by British merchant vessels and British men-o'-war. From about 1908 onwards the Japanese and Germans began to cut into this trado, but the British position still remains commercially strong, and on the Yang- taze, in particular, the great merchant and shipping house of Butterfield and Swire dominates the trade.
all this and more has been in evidones. The Society's agents have continued to work steadily in the midst of the turmoil. they have gone on laying deep the foundations of real peace by putting the Gospels, in the hands of quiet thinkers and readers. Anti-Christian propaganda turned out to be in many instances for the furthering of the Gospel, since people bought the httle books to End out what it was all aboat. We are able to report that 4,281,000 volumes of Scripture were circulated in China by our Society-an increase of 383,700 over the figures of the previous year, which were the highest on record.
14
1)
Commercial depression marked the year in Japan. Unemployment increas ed, with consequent unrest. Yet in the area for which our Society is responsible 247,000 copies were sold, nearly 40,000 more than in 1921 Korea was visited by the most disastrous floods known in filty years, but, though these interrupted some of our work for a time, and bright grena distress to the people, we were able to circulate 811,476 volumes, 8,000 more than. in the previous year.
Speaking of the colporteurs employed by the Society, the report says:-
British policy during all this long period has been to send gunboats as far -up-the-navigable-Chinese vivers-as-pos sible-They suppressed-piracy, supported our Consuls in the Treaty ports, gave confidence to British merchants, and, on the whole, got on well with the Chinese authorities. They do not proceed up the
"The sun never sets upon their ac- Chinese rivers under the licence: of any tivities. Many of them were given oc treaty, and we have stoutly maintained casion for showing heroism in the pross cution of their noble- task. ---Iz÷Chios our privileges of maintaining these they use a singularly graphic phrase to vessels of war. Most of them are of describe the shame to which they are small size, from 180 to 150 tons burder, sometimes subjected They speak of Larmed with two small six-pounder guns but-in-other-lands these men frequently eating bitterness. Not in China only,
and a few Maxins, their upper works taste gall and wormwood-and glory in armoured against rifle fire only. Though the shame,.. Chinese calporteurs they have represented force, these in-robbed and stripped them. Yet there were occasionally beset by brigands, who
dividually weak units, of slow speed and were men in China who sold as many as shallow draught, commanded by young 23,000 and 14,000 Gospels during the year. Under happier circumstances, one man in officers, have done their work by a com-
Aalays sold 14,000 copies, and one in bination of tact and the extraordinary Greece achieved the sale of 21,000." prestige in which the British have been held in China, at any rate up to recent times. During the great Boxer rebellion at the beginning of this century the whole Yangtze Valley of 150,000,000 inhabitants was comparatively quiet, and there were no outrages against foreigners of any nationality to speak of. This was almost entirely due to the influence of the British naval officers on the rivers in their little ships.
ture.
To-day things are different. The in- dustry of civil war in China is becom ing even more important than agricul- The river basins are fuil of armed men possessed of artillery, and with little respect for the British or anyone else. On the West River our force consists of five shallow-draught lightly-armed gun; boats, and they are probably well able to maintain both themselves and British prestige.
Elsewhere the report states that "the Society provides in its colporteurs a corpa of pioneers who go ahead and prepare the way for the missions in many fields. Missionaries enthusiastically appreciate We the assistance given by these men have space here for one quotation only. Writing of a Chinese colporteur, the Rev. W. C. McLauchlin bears this testimony: Mr. Lü is a born pioneer. He has done in the laces which have never been more work in the out-of-the-way places, reached by any other workers, than álmost any other worker we have, al ln one large place, which for some reasÒN had been practically overlooked by the other workers in the field, Mr. Lu, by several visits and by a liberal sowing of the field with the Scriptures, has stirred such an interest that the people are ask ing for the opening of a regular out- station there. In this way churches spring up in the path of the colporteurs.'
as far as Hankow, 'n Treaty port of great importance. In 1904 Admiral Bridge- man, commander-in-chief on the China station, proceeded 800 miles up the Yang- taze to Hackow in my old ship the Glory, a first-class battleship, flying his flag. It was the first time a vessel of such a size had proceeded up the river, and some of the Chinese thought the end of. the world had come.
The British Force on the Yangtao. The great Yellow River, as the Chinese On the Yangtze the position is differ-call it, is navigable by very large ships ent. Our force consists of six heavy guns boats the Bee, Scarab, Gnat, Cockchafer, Cricket, and Mantis-of 650 tons burden, and armed with couple of 6-in, guns The Bee fies the flag of a rear-admiral (J. E. Cameron). This fact alone shows that the situation has altered, as during my three years oa the China station, during which I made one long trip up the Yangtze and several up: the West River, the most exalted officer regularly In 1905 the then commander-in-chief stationed in the inland waters was a (Admiral Noel) took a squadron of four senior lieutenant. These four larger gun battleships and two first-class armoured boats patrol the lower part of the Yang cruisers 300 miles up to Nanking. taze below the famous Ichon Rapids, Nanking is a very important city and the known to the Chinese as the "Tiger's ancient capital of the Ming dynasty. Tooth" Above these rapids the river Our original intention was to proceed widens and deepens again, and is regular with the whole squadron, with sloops and ly patrolled by four small ganboats--the destroyer in addition, to Hankow. But Woodcock, Woodlark, Widgeon, and Teal, protests were lodged by the Japanese and These gunboats must be of the smallest certain Europeda Powers, including the size and shallowest draught to negotiate Russians, and they supported the Chinese the rapids, and can only mount the light Government at Peking in requesting s armament of two six-pounder guns to go no farther. Admiral Noel cared The upper river patrol is under the nothing for diplomatic proteats and would have proceeded on his way, but command of a commander (Berryman) as senior naval officer. The gunboats can Downing-street stopped him. The actual only negotiate the rapids by obtaining the wash of these heavy ships proceeding excuse used, to which we bowed, was that the assistance of great gangs of coolies hauling on their cables on the river bank at high speed against the river current Once above the rapids they find them injured the river banks and flooded the selves in the wealthy and peaceful pro could do, and it was not necessary to felds. Anyhow, we had shown what we vince of Szechuan, not so far much send another big ship up the Yangtze troubled by military dictators and civil for many years afterwards A French wara Trade has been rapidly develop cruiser tried to copy us, but stuck on a ing with this province, but it has only mud bank for six wecka. been made possible in the first place by these little gunboats. There are four sloops on the China station in addition, and the British Bloops have patrolled the rivers to a considerable extent, but they usually spend their time showing the flag at the Treaty ports on the coast. That the forces, at any rate in the Upper Yangtze, are none too strong is shown by the fact that we armed a merchant ship na an auxiliary gunboat under Camran- der Darley, who, was with me in the Britannia, and was well known through out the Service, as an able and discreet officer. His death in the recent fighting is a real loss to the Service.
There are no battleships on the China station now, though we have bvs cruisers which could proceed up the river il re- quired. Just below Nanking the river narrows at a place called Ching Kiang, and there a considerable fortress was erected at the beginning of this century under the supervision of German mili- tary engineers and armed with Krupp guns. These fortifications are now out of date, however, and need not stop, a determined commander. The Chinese suthorities at various times have threat- ened to fire on our ships from the Ching Kiang forts, and one famous occasion was when the commander of the forts hoisted the Boxer flag and threatened to The curious thing is that this is the sink a little unarmoured sloop flying the first time the British naval forces have white ensign But in spite of the hack ever been heavily engaged with regularing of a considerable Chinese fleet she. armed troops in the Yangtze Valley, was allowed to go through without even
(Continued on next Column) a rifle being fired.
The First Serious Engagement.......
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