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INDIA'S OPIUM POLICY, EXPORT TO BE GRADUALLY EXTINGUISHED."
BRITISH ARMY ESTIMATES.
1023 1946
£2.000.000 REDUCTION.
£44,500,000 ................. 42,500,000 The steady fall in the provision for the Army in recent years is shown by the totals of the three preceding periods,
"MINISTER AND RECRUITING. AN ACT OF REAL COURAGE
The not total of the Army Estimates The new opium policy of the Indian for 1980, is £2,000,000 less than that of Government, described by Lord Winter- the current year, the respective Agures ton in answer to question in Parlià. | being: ment, marks a departure of the highest The Government has re- importance. solved, subject to the approval of the Legislature, to reduce the export of opium by instalments so as to extinguish the trade altogether except for strictly medi cal purposes," The period over which this process will be carried out has not yet been fixed, and in fixing it the Govern ment will necessarily take into account the circumstances of the Indian cultiva
tora
The motive of the Government, Lord Winterton stated, was a determina. tion to do all in its power, to co-operate in securing the beneûts that were looked
1033
1023 .....
1924....
£2,300,000 $2,000,000 43,000,000
A reduction of 1,200 is shown in the
maximum establishment. exclusive of India, provided for, the totals being
1923 1926
All ranks. 160,800
* 150,-100 The total in the present estimates, it is to be noted, includes 3,600 Indian Thus those conferences, which had in ono. Irak, as against 4,000 in 1925, for which sense so disappointing a result at the the War Office has no responsibility of any kind, but which for constitutional time, have had the effect of producing a
reasons are borne on the Army Vote for momentous revolution in the policy of the numbers. The reduction of 800 in the War Othce sphere results from the aboli- tion of the Corps of Military Account ants, a re-arrangement of duties and re distribution of personnel in the Royal Army Ordnance Corps which results in substantial economics, and the revision ́of Army establishments generally..
Indian Government
CENTRE.
That the claim put forward by some
Referring to the Army and Supplemen- AMERICAN BANKS' CLAIM. tary Reserves. the Minister says: "The NEW YORK NOT THE FINANCIAL. total strength of the Army Reserve où April 1st, 1928, will approximate to 96,000, an increase of some 3,000 daring- the year.
During the coming year a Americans that the world's financial cen-
on the expiration of their engagements, York is discredited even in its country large number of reservists is due to learn tre has been shifted from London to New
with the result that on April 1st, 1927, of origin is duly proved," says the the total strength will probably have Financial News, by an article appearing For the same in the current issue of the Baskera fallen to about 80,000, reason a further slight fall will occur in Magazine of New York. Its author, 1027, but from 1999 onwards the strength dealing with the problem of American of the Reserve"should grow rapidly. banks in competition. abroad. points out that such a change, if and when it came The strength of the Territorial Army about, would he the result of slow on February 1st, 1928, was 8,313 officers evolution. The number of American and 138,332 other ranks, an increase of banks operating abroad has materially 192 officers and 4,551 other ranks, as decreased" since the, boom" years, while, compared with February 1st, 1925. The British banka, in spite of the bandicap of present strength represents 81 per cent. an unstable £ sterling," have recovered in. of the authorised peace establishment in a large part the financial leadership'in the case of officers and 79 per cent. in international trade that they enjoyed be- -
TERRITORIAL ARMY.
response to this invitation has been satis- would appeal to all others who can do main of foreign
torial Army and to attend camp. Ienced Americans to operate in the do-
for as a result of the Geneva-Conferences. troops employed by the Air Ministry in the case of other ranks. In spite of the fore the war. This the author regards high standards now exacted, 4.333 more as favourable from a point of view of recruits were enlisted during the last re-international stability. gruiting year than during the proced IMPORTANT. INTERNATIONAL POSITION. ing twelve months. The Territorial Army is still, however, some 39,000 all ranks At the sametime, however, he claims below its peace establishment. and re- that, owing to the changed position of The importance of this revolution will
cruiting for the new air defence units the United States, her banking system. authorised since 1924, the importance of is entitled to occupy an important in- he grasped when we recall the earlier
whose defensive role to the nation is tornational. position. The squadness of history of the question. The Hague Con-
deserving of greater recognition, has his arguments leading to this conclusion vention of 1913, which was signed by most
been particularly disappointing, as these is beyond doubt. While before the war units are still over 70 per cent, below American banks were engaged to such of the Powets, including China, bound the
their establishment. The 189ad Enst an extent in financing the undeveloped signatories only to permit the traffic in RECRUITING PROGRESS.
Alidland Infantry Brigade of the 4th resources of their own country that they opium for legitimate purposes in form
East Anglian Division, as well as several could not pay much attention to external "the Indian Governmens carried out this ASMY GREATER INDUCEMENTS,
small units. and many individual expansion, daring and after the war the convention, more strictly than other signatories. Mr. Gavitt, the well-known
In a memorandum dealing with the es officers of the Territorial Army, took developnient of home industries has
the War, Sir part in Army Manoeuvres American writer, gave the Indian Govern timates. the Minister for
last retched an advanced stage, so that part ment great credit on this head in his Laming Worthington-Evana, says: "The autumn, and the keenness and soldierly of the potential energy of American now available for inter- recent book on this subject: I will go beginning of the financial year will find bearing of all ranks earned the admira banking is so far as to say that in my judgment the strength of the British Army, incla- tion of all with whom they were brought national purposes. At the same time, the importance of the international trade India has more scrupulously, anyway sive of the British troops in India, prac.in contact,
The Territorial Army is very largely of the United States has also increased. more effectively complied with the Haguetically up to establishment, but the un- Convention than any other country, not usual number of men leaving the Celours dependent on the goodwill of employers, It is only natural, therefore, that her excepting the United States of America." during the year will require recruiting both as regards the numbers of officers banks, should aim at an international This testimony, given just after the sharp to be maintained to the fullest possible and other ranks serving, and as regards position superior to that occupied le encounter between the British and the extent. In order to mitigate the elect attendance at annual camp. Recognising fere the war. American delegates at Genera, is very of the abnormal outdow from the Army the difficulties under which many em
NEED FOR FOREIGN EXPORT). striking. Mr. Gavitt pointed out that the during the coming year and to render it [ployers are labouring. I gratefully ac Indian Government insisted on
knowledge the official more regular in. future years, 3,000 men
encouragement given, The article recognizes that expansion import certificates from the countries to were invited in 1990 to transfer pre-often at personal expense and incon- in this direction cannot take over-night. which they sent eplum and that they had maturely to the Army Reserve, and the venience, to employees to join the Terri- The main obstacle is the lack of experi- * been loyal to their pledge not to allow export to China. In the last few months factory. Recourse to this measure wilti
basking. For this they have gone farther, for they stopped not be necessary next year. Recruiting 50 to follow this fine example. "The social reason the writer disapproves of the the export of opium to the Portuguese during the past year bas, on the whole, value of the cadet movement and ita im- ambitious programme of filling with island of Macao, where it was notoriously been satisfactory, although the reduction portance as a course of recruiting for Americans all the posts in, American excessive and put to illegitimate used, in pay which came into operation last the Territorial Army have been recog-foreign banks, and recognizes the need But loyal as the Indian Government had October, is probably responsible for anised by the payment of the grant for of employing foreign-mainly British- been to these engagements they were falling-off since that date, but it is anti-the current, and by provision of a experts during the transitional period. obstinate at Geneva in resisting the cipated that the numbers for the whole similar subsidy in the ensuring year." He also urges that the American staff American demand for an agreement to year will be only slightly short of the
of those banks should be trained abroad, allow export only for medical and total required.
preferably in London. Whether the scientific purposes." The Americans beld
American clerk "he destined" for South The total numbers enlisted are not a that is nothing less than this could really
America or the Far East, a time. in be effective, and the controversy became true indication of the popularity of the
the office of the London branch will very bitter. Thus what the dia Gov Army as a profession, since these repre-
Mr. H. G. Wells's next story will be greatly benefit him. He will learn some- ernment has done in to accept now are sunt only 36 per cent of the numbers remarkable not only in quality but in thing of the English way of doing form which it opposed strenuously nt offering themselves for enlistment. The length. It is entitled "The Thoughts things,
If he is there for any Geneva. The decision is, therefore, an high standards of character, education, of Mr. Cressault." and will contain length of time the expectional facilities act of rent courage, for Governments will and physique required account largely 300,000 words, and be printed in two of the Institute of Bankers will be open often refrain from a wise course for no for the large proportion of rejections, volumes. Mr. Cressault retires from all to him, and propinquity will lead him to better reason than that they took a The greatly improved conditions and his activities to farm in Provence, seek some knowledge of the great Eng different view of it.
prospects of Army life have attracted in-where be sets down his belief about lish banks. The article concludes by The decision is important for its effects creased numbers of the best type of re-everything in human affairs. Those who stating that the development of American outside and inside India. One member eruit; in London, for instance, 40 per have seen the MS. say it is far and away foreign banks lies not in finding some of Parliament asked if there was any cent. of the recruits enlisted were in em- the best thing that Mr. Wells has writ-economic or political hocus-pocus," but guarantee that China would not increase ployment. The regulation under which ten Messrs. Ernest Benn, Ltd., will in developing a generation of sound her production in order to benefit com- recruits are enabled to make allotments publish the book. mercially by India's renunciation. That of pay to their parents and other depen- argument can always he used against redants through the regimental paymaster forms of this kind. It was a favourite has proved very popular, and in many argument in the days of the slave trade, districts us many as 70 per cent. of the opponents contending that if the negroes recruits presenting themselves have taken were not carried in our ships there would advantage of it. only be more cargoes to enrich the ship-
Dealing with the re-settlement of soldiers pers of other countries. So far as China in civil life, the Minister says that a' is concerned the future of this question, satisfactory measure of success has been like many others, depends on the course
of her politics. In 1907 the British achieved in this direction during the Government offered to reduce the export the increase in the number of regimental year, and he refera with gratification to of Indian opium if China would reduce
COMING
SHORTLY
Q
MR. F
H. G. WELLE'S NEW STORY."
R
foreign bankers,
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65
COMING
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THE GREATEST AGGREGATION OF DANCING TALENT THAT HAS YET APPEARED IN HONGKONG
its production, and for some years until associations which make assistance in ob. she fell into anarchy China kept her barbers one of their principal objects. An taining civil employment for their mem. gain. Sir John Jordan gave emphatic testimony to this effect. It is far too inter-departmental advisory committee in early to take a despairing view of China's at present investigating the possibilities fature in this or in other respects. For of still further extending the opportu the rest, the effect of this decision taken nities of civil employment, more parti. by so powerful & Government must be cularly in regard to posts in Government felt throughout the world, all the more departments. Greater interest had been because the Indian Government has shown displayed by serving soldiere in land in the case of the Hague Convention that settlement in the Overseas Dominions, it keeps its engagements. It will enor especially in regard to group settlement." mously strengthen the forces of reform within the League of Nations and in coun tries, like Peris, that have appealed to the League for help in managing their own problem. Apart from this the deci sion amounts to a change of attitude to the whole question, and a change that will bring the Indian Government into touch with the best Indian opinion, In the articles on this subject that he icon- tributed to our columns, which have since heen reprinted (The Opium Evil"in India"), Mr. Andrews pointed out that the leaders of Indian opinion all con- demned the view taken by the representa tives of the Indian Government at-Geneva. Mahatma Gandhi, Rabindranath Tagore, and other distinguished Indians joined in presenting a great petition for strong measures against the opium trade, and the Indian National Congress took up the same position. The Indian Government refused to regard the production of opium in this light; they gave cultivatora loans without interest, and Mr. Gasitt quoted in his book reports from Indian officials. deploring the failure of the opium barvent, in which they spoke of whent, as "/com petiaz crop." The tradition of the Royal Commission which reported in 1993 kept. alive an indulgent view of the whole prablem, and the Ladian Government was rather in the position of a man who will act honourably in keeping any engage ments he may make but is at heart sceptical about the need for drastic re- form. The decision now taken means that: that attitude is abandoned It entails. of course, certain sacrifices, and care and trouble will be pecessary to carry out the new policy in such a way as to minimise hardship. But it will be welcomed by A Lights Reedforward-looking men and forward-looking. peoples throughout the world-Man- chester Guardian.
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The MOSCOW STATE BALLET
NORTH-CHINA-DAILY-NEWS:
Superb Exhibition. Saving Pavlova we have had nothing to approach the Moscow State Ballet There are really no words describe to the grace of their movements. It is really "an unforgettable display. It is two hours of genuine pleasure such as one rarely has.
CHINA - PRESS :
Those who failed to see the Russian Ballet at the Carlton Theatre missed one of the most beautiful presentations ever given here. The whole performance, is one of exquisite beauty.
WATCH FOR THE OPENING DATE.