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THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, TUESDAY, MARCH 1örx, 1926
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THE CHINESE MARKET.
EVIDENCE BY EASTERN MERCHANTS.
BEST POTENTIALITIES.
At a meeting of the Committee on Industry and Trade held at the Board of Trade on February 4th, with Sir Arthur Balfour in the chair, evidence on behalf of the China Association was given by Mr. W, B. Kennett and Mr. Stanley H. Dodwell.
Mr. KENNETT stated that China has an estimated population of 40,000,000, and is one of the greatest potential markets for manufactured goods. It is almost certainly the market which is capable of the greatest development during the next twenty or thirty years. The purchasing capacity per head of the population is
་
DEATH SENTENCE ON A CHINESE.
JUDGE'S EMOTION.
QUEUE WAITS HOURS IN THE RAIN.
A well-known Chinese named Lock Ah Tam of Birkenhead, was found Guilty at Chester Assizes last month, of murder and was sentenced to death.
The jury were absent a little more than ten minutes only, and Lock Ah Tam did not move a muscle when they pro- ounced their verdict. When the sentence of death was passed upon him by Mr. Justice MacKinnon be stood staring fixedly with his head a little nent, and did not once look at the judge, who displayed 'emotion.
Throughout the day the extraordinary at present very small, but when the immobility of Tam was the most astonish development of the country becomes ing thing in his demeanour. He sat ap. possible the earning and purchasing parently quite inattentive, No shadow of capacity per head should increase, expression of any émotion passed over rapidly.
his features. In the witness's opinion, the principal This stillacss contrasted strikingly with obstacle to the development of the.coun- the restlessness of the big crowd which ry is the fact that no Government stood a few feet behind him extending in capable of exercising authority through- rows eight or nine deep across the width out the country exists, or has existed for of the court. Many people had stood for some years past. The revolution broke hours in the rain in a queue waiting to up the old monarchial system, which was gain admission. effective in maintaining a chain of authority throughout the provinces, and
PRESSING substituted a new system of government on a republican basis; but, the present AFTER DRY-Governmen: in Peking, although re- cognised by the Powers as the Govern ment of China, has, in fact, no authority whatever in very many of the provinces, and very little authority at all outside the immediate neighbourhood of Peking.
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THE DEFENCE.
For the defence, Sir Edward Marshall-
Hall, K.C., who was briefed at a special fee from a fund raised by Chinese prin- cipally at British ports, indicated that he intended to plead for a verdict of Guilty but insane. He said evidence- would be called to show that Tam was in a condition of latent epilepsy and that excitement and drink on the night of the tragedy brought about an acute epileptic
"The country is in the hands of n. num-attack. her of military chiefs, who have re Charles George Chean, secretary of the spectively is sufficient following of so- Chinese Republic Progress Club. Liver- called soldiers to control particular pro-pool, of which Tam was chairman, said vinces or districts, and who appoint the that in 1918 a Russian struck him on the public officials in these districts. head with a billiard eun, 'and since then, There is to chain of authority con he took more drink and was liable to be necting these districts with Peking. So absent-minded. long us this state of affairs exists the development at the country, and parti cularly the construction of railways and other means of communication," is at a atandstill.
The witness urged that the continuance of the present system of extra-terri- toriality and the control of the foreign settlements and concessions by foreigners is essential under the present conditions. The fact that the Chinese merchants and the other more solid elements of the com- munity appreciate the good govern- ment and the law and order secured by foreigners in the Treaty ports, is shown by the fact that upwards of 700,000! Chinese choose to live in the area set apart for the residence of foreigners at Shanghai.
In 1923 Tam lost £10,000 in business and latterly was irritable and excitable.
Dr. Ernest Reeve, Medical Superinten- dent of the Lancashire Mental Hospital, Rainhill said the more he heard of the tragedy the more he was drawn to the con- clusion that when the act was committed' Tam was in a condition of epileptic auto-
mantism.
Dr. J. M. Ahearn, Senior Medical Officer of Liverpool Prison, called by the prosecution, said that when admitted to prison Lock Ah Tam gave no signs of abnormality. He had heard, no evidence that he was an epileptic or mentally unsound, and was of opinion that there was no evidence that he had an epileptic seizure at the time of "the tragedy.
POLITICAL SITUATION. Mr. DooWELL aaid that the political' situation was mainly responsible for the unsatisfactory state of our trade with China. The internal taxation, likin, and illegal tolls exacted by the military, who were little better than brigands, British merchants carrying on business were having a disastrous effect on both in China would have little fear of any the import and export trade of Chinn interference with extra-territorial rights goods might not hamper our trade, pro- While surtaxes or imperts of luxury if a judicial investigation of the present vided such surtaxes were agreed to con state of affaire were made by an in-ditionally, upon the abolition of likin and illegal taxation, he did not believa partial tribunal, as provided for by the that under present conditions the Chinese Washington Conference, and the report Government could effectively carry out of such a tribunal were accepted and any guarantee they might give in respect acted upon, but there is at present a tendency to go beyond the provisions of the Washington Conference.
to such abolition,
2.5
He agreed with what Mr. Kennett had said regarding British intereste in China, and added that we were suxious as any other Power to meet China in her reasonable demands, and, should take the lead in negotiations to having the largest interests at stake, we a much greater extent than we were do-
The witness pointed out that British interests in China are greater than those of any other nation, except Japan, but the present tendency is for matters, and so get more credit for showing a conciliatory and sympathetic attitude relating to China to he dealt with by towards China's national aspirations. conferences and bodies in which many nations having much smaller interests in China are represented equally with Great Britain. The interests of such other nations are not always identical with British interests, but are often in competition. It was therefore urged that fuller recognition should be given to the exceptional interests of Great Britain
in China.
The witness urged that the consent of the foreign Powers to the increase of the Customs tariff should be conditional upon the abolition of likis and other internal taxation, which, by reason of the irregularity and frequent illegality of the amounts levied, are a great hindrance to trade
increase in the percentage of the piece- Mr. Dodwell said that the alarming
goods trade obtained by Japan at the expense of Manchester during the period 1910-21 was chiefly due (1) to labour con- ditions in Japan, and (2) to the im poverishment of the Chinese by reason. necessitates their buying the lower of the internal state of affairs, which
grades, manufactured more cheaply by Japan.
merchants in this trade in China that There was a feeling among British
the rail freight incurred in sending goods to be bleached and dyed, plus the high cost of the two processes, was a severe handicap, and needed careful in yestigation.
averse
as
With regard to the methods of manu- facturers as regards the employment of technical men in China to develop their interests, his opinion was that British manufacturers were not so they used to be to sharing with mer- chants the cost of technical men to push It was also emphasised that the proper the sales of their machinery. He be protection of trademarks in China is of lieved that far better results would be great importance, and that disputed obtained by extending this system of cases as to the registration and protecco-operation, between manufacturers and tion of trade-marks in which foreigners merchants with their existing organisa are interested should be dealt with by tions, rather than by combines of many- tribunala on which there are foreign judges.
(Continged on next "column)
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DIRECTORY & CHRONICLE FOR 1926.
THIS IMPORTANT COMMERCIAL VOLUME COM- PRISES APPROXIMATELY 2,000 PAGES AND GIVES THE ADDRESSES AND THE NAMES OF THE FOREIGN STAFFS OF PRACTICALLY EVERY FOREIGN FIRM IN THE FAR EAST.
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It covers Hongkong, the Treaty Ports of E
The Alphabetical List of Residents in the Far East is arranged with the Initials, as well as the Surnames, in strictly alphabetical order so that any name can be found instantly.
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