[SY JAMES LYNG, V.R.GI, INSTEADS #REVIEW."}
THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, FRIDAY, JANUARY 22ND,
THE CHINESE IN AUSTRALIA. | were chased into the bush across the
COMPLETS EXCLUSION. river, where some of them succumbed to Space does not allow to go into details the exposure of the cold weather. The regarding the happenings during the next police intervened and restored order, and ten years. Various causes contributed ho ringleaders of the riot were arrested; to the desire gaining strength of entirely but so strong was the feeling against the closing Australia to Chinose immigra Chinese that the Crown failed in protion, of which the most important was curing a conviction, the jury finding dean iarush of Chinese to the Northern fondants "not guilty!" A reaction, however, set in in favour of the unfor- tunato Chinese miners, who soon were back on the fields, for the time being protected by public opinion.
Just as in the early period of American history the United States herself through shortsightedness, did sow the seed of the problem which in time has grown so formidable that no solution now seems possible, so in a large measure Australia had herself to blame for what during more than forty years was known as the
Chinese. problem.
Here, as in America, it started with
The rioters achieved one of their ob
Territory in the latter seventies, the re- sult being that at a second intercolonial conference held in 1801 the passenger limitation was raised to one passenger to every 300 tons ship's burden. By a
SWATOW STRIKE FUNDS. :
`AN" ILLUMINATING STATEMENT
OF ACCOUNTS. SUBSISTENCE. ALLOWANCES "
MET BY "SQUEEZE.”
Our Swatow correspondent writing on the 20th inst. sA78:-
I attach a copy of the accdunts of the
Foreign Employees' Union from July 6th to November 30th last year, as pub. lished in the local Press and carefully translated. I am sure these figures will
people i Hongkong. They show very
1926
July 7th Nov. 30th i
3GENERAL EXPENSES,
Salaries of executive
Propaganda
officers and servants5.6.§-64340
Printing........................
Hiro of furniture
Sub, to purchase of inn
terns, etc. for ditto.ig
Dos Miscellaneous expenses.S.C
IN COURSE OF COMPILATION
300.00 THE DIRECTORY
140.03
43.55
Subscription to
Com-
mittee in charge `of.
congratulatory core-.. monies
30.00
85.30 92.00 304.03
Do." 4-PURCHASE OF UTENSILS.
"Furchase of utensils gene-
rally
..$.C. Do..
Big.
5.-LOSS ON EXCHANGE.
Rig.
90.10
104.02 94.30
Py
A shortage of labour. The last convicts jects, namely, that of arousing the Gov. Bradual evolution of the White Australia be of interest to quite a number of July 6th Nov, 30th: caine to New South Wales in 1510, andernment to the necessity of taking more/idea the Immigration Act passed by the clearly how the strike and boycott have
been kept going. Of particular interest.
Are
8.SILVER BADGES FOR OFFICERS OF UNION.
B 178.87
Total expenditure... Big $3,673.01
AND CHRONICLE
1926.
FOR CHINA, JAPAN, KOREA, INDO
CHINA, SIAM, STRAITS SETTLE- MENTS, MALAY STATES, NE THERLANDS INDIA, PHILIP-. PINES, BORNEO, Ero.
SIXTY-FOURTH
ANNUAL
ISSUE
S.C. 23,354.35
PRICE
Abridged Edition
***
$12
the items referring to contributions July 7th-Nov. 30th Big 3,011.71 from "neutral" steamers. I ballero- this Union received about one-tenth of the total " aquecta" levied on each steamer so that it would seem that vessels were charged $2.000 a trip. It should be noted that the amounts contributed by foreign firms compradores were forced being that each firm's compradora should ont of the people concerned; the idea
be made to lend () the Union just enough to pay strike allowances to that firm's employees. small 5. denotes small coins and Big ro-
presents what is known as "big money."
1. RECEIPTS. 1.--LOANS.
[
Federal Farliament in 1601 practically the supply of cheap labour froin that drastic measures to stem Chinese im- source gradually dried up. Already be aigration. As this, however, was well excluded all Asiaties from entering the
Commonwealth. tween 1937 and 1830 sonte of the pas-nigh impossible as long as the neighbour. toralists obtained coolies from India to
The Chinese population in this country ing colonies kept backdoors open, through the number of over 1.900, but as objec, which the undesired newcomers could is rapidly declining. At the census of tion was raised by the authorities to the eater Victoria with impunity, New South 1921 only a little over 15,000 full-blood importation of Indians it was discori-Wales and South Australia were asked Persons were recorded. Of these about tinued. Towards the end of the forties to restrict Chinese immigration on simi. 2,000 were born in Australia. Though employers began to introduce labourers ar lines to those adopted by Victoria in from time to time it is discovered that a few Chinese are still trickling into from China. This continued to 1382 or 33. South Australia, as a good neigh- 1833, and only ceased beenuse it became bour, at bnce complied with the request this country on forged naturalisation unprofitable to the Chinese, and they ile Fewer Chinese passed through New South papers and by other illegal means, the
Butaber of such is probably so serted from their employers as Fast as Wales, and for other reasons the Govern they could be brought from overseas. A
ment of the mother colony hesitated that, providing no unforeseen external no complete records are kept of the acting till their own house caught £re.
cvent completely changes Australia's Chinese imported, their number is not This it did in 1961. By the discovery future, the day when only locally born known. but it must have been fairly large, of rich gold at Lambing Flat a great Chinese and half-castes are left is not irenuse the Consul Ja Amoy wrote in number of miners, white and fellow far distant. 1852 that 2006 had been taken thence to alike, left Victoria, and trekked to New. The locally-born full-blood and half- Australia, of whom 3,138 left in 1831. South Wales. The usual clash between caste Chinese element-with which alone The same remedy of importing Chinese the two races occurred. The European we need be concerned at present only nolics to help develop the country was miners petitioned the Government to reconstitute i per cent. of the total popula adopted by the Government of Western strict Chicese immigration, and, as tion. Its insignificance is almost in itself Australia in 1855, whep, as a first instal-nothing was done, they took matters into suthcient to prevent the arising of a ment, fifty were indentured. Four years their own hands. A meeting was held, special caste.. But besides this, various earlier the South Australian Government at which the question was put," Is this causes are at work to merge the Chinese: had imported 200 Chise to assist in to be a European digging or a Mongol with the Europeans, the former gradually promoting tropical gulture in the Territory From the meeting the most being absorbed. Northern Territory,
turbulent of the miners, with banners Up to the discovery of gold the num-flying and hands playing, marched to ber of Chinese who came to Australia on the Chinese camp. The terrified Chinese their own account was quite negligible: fed before the attackers. There was the thus between 1840 and is only 28 ar-
same pillage and burning and ill-usage rived in New South Wales, The yellows on the Buckland River several years tide set in the ôfties. For that also the before, and order was not finally restored white race hail themselves to blame to till soldiers had been dispatcted to the the extent that the chances of getting scene of disorder. As, however, the aura-city for businesa is overcoming the rich quick on the Australian goldfichis ber of Chinese miners kept on inpens were advertised in Chinese scaport townsing, and the Government chose the role by Australian shipping companies trading of silent inlookers, a fresh riot broke out hetween China and Australia, who greatly profited by carrying immigrants.
As the richest mines were found in Victoria it is but natural that the yellow
wave struck that colony with particular Toree. The number of 11 Chinese in 1851 had increased to 25,124 in, 1951, and it is stated that by 1859 there were 42,000 on the goldfields of Vietoria. It is doubtful if their number ever exceeded 35,000: still, it was large enough, to wall forth emphatic protests from European miners, and to make alarmnists loudly proclaim that Australia was fast becom ing a yellow man's land. Under the circumstances violent clashes between the two races were unavoidable.
RACE RIOTS AND RESTRICTIONS.
The connection with
China, is weakened from year to year. Little by little Chinese ways and customs are dropped, and the white man's culture and religion embraced: Through legiala tion Chineze wage earners are compelled to Buccpt the same pay as Europeas workers, and this, in connection with their marvellous Industry and chrift, are making them prosperous. Their capa
Chinese in other directions have bee tremendous handicap under which the and still are labouring, and there is strong reason to believe that the average wealth amongst the Chinese is ligger thart amongst any other section of the community.
July 6th-Nov. coth:
From B.. & S., Cempra
dore From J. M. & Co., Com-
pradore
July 6th-Aug. 31st:
July 6th-Aug. 20th:
„S.C'.26,885.00
From Nestle's Milk, Com-
pradore
From A.P.C., Chang
Sau Kai's
Aug. 15th:
CASH BALANOES. Total receipts... Total expenditure
Big $8,076.66 ...Big $3,673.0L
-$3,003,64.7 of which $2,584.17.7 is held in cash and 8119.46 is deposited with the Bank of China
Balance
Total receipts
S.C.825, 197.77
Total expenditure S.C. 25,3841.35
Balance
THE DIRECTORY covers the notable sveats, ports and cities of the Far East, fram Netherlands India to Siberia, in which Europeans reside.
in each case as it can be made, but each Colony, Not only is the Directory as fall and complate Port or Settlement is prefaced by a DESCRIP TION, carefully revised each year, the majority of which will serve as an accurate GOES FOR TEE Touny, giving every, de tall ย 142.426in connection with the places, their History The Information in these Descriptions, consist ing of a hundred interesting articles, picked with facts concisely set out, and containing statistics of the TEADS of each Country and port, would alone auffice to fill a larga volume.
of which 82648 is held in cash and Topography, eta, 870.78 by the Supplies Dept.
REPAYMENTS DUE ON ACCOUNT OF LOANS. Loans for general pur
Do.
«m.1.13.0.914,558:00
132.06
-5.0.814,803.66. Big S 927.40
5,908,70
From J. Manners, Com-
pradore
168.50
розса Loans for proportion of salaries of those who are on strike
314,40
1,000.00
་་་་
Big
FINAL BALANCES. 183.00 In hand
Payments due. 392.€6 227.40
Credit balance....
Payments due
Aug, 20th Sept. 10th
From A.P.C., Chang Yu
Tsun From Members in eta- ploy of Neutrals
·Do. 2-STESCRIPTIONS.
Paling Co.:
Aug. 20th s.s. Heiiran...Big $103.co Th band.
26th s. ferurlis 30th .. Helios.
*3
100.00
100.00
Sept. 12th 5.5. Helion
100.00
12th s.. Helicon.
200.00
10th. a... Kelion ... 24th s.s. Hermelín
200.co
200.00
Oct. 19th s.s. Helios.... Nov. 7th s.s. Heling ....
200.00
200.00
900.00
7th s.s. Hermelin 7th sa Helios.... This Helicon... 12th s.s. Hermelin 27th 8.s. Hermelin Dec. 1st 9.3. Helion .... Oct. 19th as Helios ....
a few months later. The police vainly
One European miner was shot dead, and endeavoured to quell the disturbance, several on both sides were wounded the colour bar and hasten intermarriage Chung Nand
MIZED MARRIAGES,
All these things tend to break down
with the whites. "It is a notable fact that. for every full-blood Chinese born in Aus tralia two of mixed race are brought to
Also on this occasion a military force bad The unfortunate Chinese to intervene. took refuge where they could. One Newthe world. South Wales squatter supplied over 1,200 destitute Chinese with the necessaries of life for several weeks. To avoid further trouble the Government at last passed a Chinese Immigration. Restriction Act, whereby New South Wales was brough: into line with Victoria and South Aus- tralia.
17
900.00-
200.00
$00.00 200.00
200.00
200.00
200.00
200.00
Sept. 23rd..s. Batang... 28th Clara Sebien. Oct. 1st .38 Solvikon. 20th 8.3. Prominent zeth s.s. Prominent Nov.
200.00
200.00
200.00
7th Clara Jebsen ...........
200.00
7th & Prominent 20th 8.8. Bintang... “alth 3.5. PUTH ...
$200.00
200.00 .900.00
Sept. 6th ss: Fuan Lee, 30ch 8.8. Tuah Lee. Oct. 30th ss. Yuan Ler. Nov. 27th ss. Twin Lee. Bua Shang:
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
Yuan Heng:
Aug. 30th Clara Jelsen, Oct. 18th Wai Chino Hou
Yuan Hui
$.0.$1,000.00 Aug. 20th Strike Committee 700.00 Sept. 15th Strike Committee Big 1,078.96
3: SPECIAL SUBSCRIPTIONS.
The name of each subscriber
5. UNION ENTRANCE FEER-
950.00
24.00
24.00
J
735.89
6.-MEMBER'S' MONTHLY SUBSCRIPTIONS.
631.49
Considering the fact that at a time when the European population in Aus tralia numbered little more than a mij lion there were upwards of 40,000 Chi- nese, it seems nt drst incredible that in- stead of gradually disappearing they should not long ago have been so strong- ly entrenched that the White Australin poney would have been impossible. The explanation is that they came here to make money and not to settle. One of the objections taken to them during early These Acts soon proved effective; the digging days in Victoria was that they
sent their gold to China, thereby show Chinese population declined to such on extent that eventually restrictive mening they took no interest in developing The first serious trouble arose on the sures were considered unnecessary. No the country." Always having it in their Bendige goldfield in 1854. At a public alarm was felt again till the middle of mind sooner or later to return to their beloved native land, there at the end of meeting held there in the month of June the seventies-this time in Queensland. it was moved that a general and un- The discovery of gold in that colony, their carthly career to be laid to rest animous rising should take place in the and particularly of the rich alluvial de soil of China, they did not bring their
alongside their ancestors in the sacred (firm or person) is given, various "gullies of Bendigo on July 4th posits at Palmera, was the signal for a
with the amount of his next (the anniversary of the American big influx of Chinese. During the last womenfolk with them. At the census in subscription (varying day of liberation), for the purpose of nine months of 1875 ro fewer than 7,000 Victoria and only 8 females. The same
151 there were 24,794 Chinese males in from $400 to $1). Forty- driving the Chinese population off the mining licences were issued to these disproportion between the sexes existed
nine names are given....&..$3,621.00 Bendigo goldfields. The disturbance people on the Palmer goldfield. By 1877
·Big Nor has it was prevented by the prompt action of they had increased to 17,000, and, then all the other States.
4.-PINES. the authorities and the tactful handling European miners only numbering about the immigrant Chinese males numbered August, 1st and Sept. 23rd...S.U.
materially altered since. Thus in 1921 August 22nd
Brgy. of the whole delicate situation; but it 1,400, it looked as if the yellow race was 14,820 and the females only $27. had become evident to the Government taking possession of the field. Further, that a policy of drift would lead to dis-scared by the fatal results in America of the Chinese who proceeded to Australia,
But fortune did not smile upon all July 25th-Nov. 30th 5.0 aster. So a loyal Commission was ap the Chinese migration to California, the while there may have been other reasons July 23th-Nov. 30th S.C. pointed to look into the matter, and make Queensland Government in 1876 passed for some not returning to China. These
dations to avoid unpleasant an Act whereby the licence fee for Chi remained, and as alluvial gold mining July 7th-Nov. 30th...
in the future. The resultnese was raised very considerably, it gradually petered out those who directly was the passing of an Act in 1853 to being hoped thereby to discourage more or indirectly had lived by it began to restrict: Chinese immigration. By this of their kind to seek their fortune in launch out in other directions. the number of Chinese who could be Queensland.
Fjoon Brought in any vessel was limited to ane
they entered all different walks of life. The above Act, by the way, was often they became a thorn in the flesh for every ten tons of registered tonnage, expectedly reversed by the Governor. In of the European workers, who, with their and a capitation fee for which the cap his opinion it was at variance with higher standard of living, could not com- tain was made responsible.
Britain's treaty obligations to China and pete against them. Various vocations, Unfortunately the result of the Vie offensive to a friendly Power. The such as market gardening and cabinet- torian Restriction Act was not a decline Governor referred the matter to the making, were in a large measure mana, in the number of arrivals, but merely Colonial Ofice, which upheld his action.polised by them. that the masters of the vessels unloaded This attitude of the British Government The following brief extract from the their cargoes of yellow humanity in the was greatly reseated, not merely inNow South Wales census report of 1901 adjoining colonies, whence they rapidly Queensland, but in other colonies as on will serve as an illustration of how the found their way into Victoria, incident interference in a purely Australian affair, Chinese mainly are occupied. ally escaping paying the entrance. fac. and after much turmoil, augmented by & Thus in the first six months of 1857 no seamen's strike in 1878, against employ- fewer than 14,480 were landed in Guichening Chinese crews in Australian vessels, Bay, South Australia, in due course to, and by a sudden fear of a mass influx of shout their Mokka-baja on the Victorian Chinese in consequence of the Pacifie goldfields. The Government's incompet-coast of America having been closed to ence to deal with what from the point of them, it led to concerted action. An view of the European miners was becom-intercolonial conference was held in ing a serious meance and caused the agita-Melbourne in 1880 to discuss the whole tion against the Chinete to be revived, problem of Chinese immigration to Ausi til at last the smouldering. fire broke tralia, The conference terminated in out in open flame. This occurred on the Sydney in 1881, and resulted in fairly Buckland River goldfield in 1857 An uniform restrictive legislation being en indignation meeting was held, the Ameri- acted in all the colonies exposed to the
Owing to their ever diminishing num can- day" of "deliverance being again yellow peril Tasmania stood out unt ber through lack of females, and to the chosen as the most suitable for hoisting in less gold and tin were discovered gradual intermarriage with Europeans, the colour of revolt Action followed there, and an influx of Chinese was antithe Chinese, as mentioned before, have upon fiery words, and the white miners cipated. The then Crown Colony of ceased being a menace to the cherished
T-OAIN BY EXCHANGE,
....... 3,876.76 Total receipta Big 10,678.00 5.0.525,497,77
11; EXPENDITURE, 1.SUBSISTENCE ALLOWANCE.
Employees.
July 6th-Nov. 2dth:
B. & S.....
J. M. & Co.
C.£6,585.60
5,800.70
A.P.C
4,895.10
B.A.T.
2,220:00
1
Market and station gardeners 3,503. Miners (principaily alluvial "gold mining)
Bradley & Co. Brunner, Mond
1,289.40
480.10
1,010
July 6th-Oct. 6th!
Clearing and fencing
Bank of Taiwan
383.00
101
Cooks
719
July 8th-Nov. 301
Nestle's Milk.
670
J. Manners
040
ྂ་མ་བརྨa*,
402
July 6th-Sept. 30th:
280
July 6th-Nov. 30th:
............
242
British Consulate
08
July 6th-Sept: 20th
Shokal Yoko,
Cabinet makers.......
Vegetable and fruit trade-
Hawkers
བ ་ ་ཨཿ ་ བ ས ་ Storekeepers, importers, etc.... - 409. Farmers and farmworkers
Station hands Laundry worker
in. a hody_attacked the Chinese mining Weatorn Australia likewise kept aloof, ideal of a White Australia. For this camps, burnt their tents and threw what until in 1886 gold was found in Kimber reason the little yellow patch on the they had contained of bedding and lugley, and simultaneously it seemed as if white body is now locked upon with gage into the river. The panic-stricken the pearling industry at Shark's Bay was equanimity. The old-time animosity to Celestials, after some rough handling, passing into Chinese hands.
wards John Chinaman has disappeared.
Suzuki & Co.
1 month, Dr. Brangwin's
Dispensary
man (3), Dutch Bank..
men (3) Georges Bros,..... man (3), 8.0.C, jon
2-PICKET EXPENSES. July 8th-Nov. 3oth; -
Tra money for pickets.. Uniforms for pickets ...Big
Debit balance.......
Big 8 3.003.64.7
227.40
82.770.24.7
$14.890.60
143, 19.0
814,747,23
THE SWATOW UNION OF FOREIGNERS' EMPLOYEES AND LABOURERS.
Just for Once
Insist on SIMONDS "MILK STOUT" you will insist always after that And you'll never
want to miss it when you've tried it once. It's revelation-nourishing, creamy, tonic, invigora ting. So say "MILK STOUT."
Each Pint contains the „energising carbo-hydrates of 10oza, pure Dairy Milk.
Sole Agenia: CALDEECK MACORcoon & Co., LTD.
HONGKONG
Phone Central 75....
Brewers
H. & G. SIMONDS LIP., READING, ENGLAND - Established over 125 year
MARTIN'S
APIOL & STEEL Sure and certain for all Female
complaints.Every ladyshould keep a bost in the house.
Chemists and Stores sell them throughout the world. Proprietors
MARTIN, Chemist, Southampton, Zagland,
Seltona
THE PAPER FOR BEAUTIFUL WORK,
310.20 252.90 BELTONA is the simplest of all photographie papers. After printing in daylight the only -235.40 procedzes involved are fixing in Hypo sat washing, yet Beltons prints are permanent and 180.40 without equal for their rich sepia tone and
for their exquisite gradation.
SELTONA itaade in the following grades:-
30.00
GLOSSY
18.20
20,40
CREAM
38.00 12.00
279.CO 225.43
MATT
ANTIQUE WHITE ANTIQUE CREAM
SOLE MANUTÃOTVRZBS:
WELLINGTON & WARD,LTD
ESTREE, HEBTS.
The Book is printed from New Type specially reserved for the purpose, and uniformity in erary arrangement greatly facilitates reference.
Besides the ususi Alphabetical List of Firms, the Directory gives the UEASSUNTED LISTS of TRADES and PROFESSIONS at the larger Commercial Centres.
The ALPHABETICAL LIST of RESIDENTS in the Far East contains the names of over 20,000 FOREIGNERS, arranged, with the Initials as well as the Sar names, in strictly Aphabetical Order, an that any name can be found instantly.
THE MAPS AND PLANS
of the principal parts of the Far East have bees graved by one of the most eminent Firms. In Great Britam And are annually corrected and brought up to date.
The UHRONICLE covers the
motable eventa ogether with the Tarts of all the most import Treaties concluded with the countries of Fastern Asia, the varions Customs Taris, Trade Regulations ions, Consular and Court Chambers of Commerce Scalea of
Fees, Hongkong Stamps Datics, Signal Codes, Chinese Festivals, Tables of Money Weights and Measures and other Com mercial Information.
It is published at the Office of the "Hor KONG Dir Paiss.”
The Directories and Descriptions ars of 21:
Paking
Tientsin
-Peitaho Nanking
Chinwangtso Walm
Trinsafa
Mukden
Washer 'K'Chauwai Pakhoi
Hollow
Langehow Hongtas
Helcow
Tangyneb Ubangebra Huachu
Bocchow Chinikiang
Canton
Kowloon
Lappe
Shamani
Taku
Kinking
Anting
Hantow
Kongmoon Nanning
Manchurian
Tochow
Trade Cires Shaal
Ichang
Chúng ling
Part Arthur Chefoo
Wellaiwel
Wenchow
Bestuo Foochow
Szerizo
Shanghai Amoy
Harban Swatow Laughingebun
Kirim Lungkow
Tokyo
Kobe
Yokohama Nagasaki
JAPAN & FORMOSA.
Moji Etodata
Koeling,
Taipeh
Tainan
TALOW
Tamani
Anying
ELSTIES BIRIZIA.
Vladivostook
Nicolajewik
Uno (Korea)...
Seoul
Wonsen
Chemulpo Knasan
Mokpo Obinnampe Bongchin
Bhimunosaki Kyoto Osaks
Fasan
Pingyang
HONGLONG AND vs Dazzadancras, MACAO, PROX INDO-CHIXA
Manila Baguio Toila
Saigon Cambodge Chelon
Hanoi
Quinton
Haiphong
Tonkin
Provincet Tonzin
PHILIPFONIE
Zamboanga
Berwik British North Borneo
BOLNED. Branei
Labuan Sandaka
Peral
BANGKOK MAZAT BIATES.
Balanger Negri Sembilan Johore. Kalantari Tremegan in
Pahang
Kedah Perlis
Bingapore, Penang, Malacon, Prov. WoDosia
Batarin Buitenzorg
Nimekkiländs· India,
Al Bamarang
Bourabaya i East Coast of Bumatra.
Padang
BRITER, AND American SovaBRORE - IM
CHINA AND JAYAN.
DEFICII of Ogas: a Biyan Braxxi