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THE DEVELOPMENT OF RIOTS AND DISORDER IN CHINA.
FACTS Or THE SITUATION REVIEWED.
AN ANSWER TO THE PEKING STUDENTS' UNION.
The letter from the Peking Students' Union to the Students' Representative Counell of Great Britain is typient of the deliberate manner in which the inets of the Shanghai incident, anal, sub sequent developments, are being distort- ed by the students and the authorities to create impressions in their favour in Europe and Amerien, The letter des Fcribes the demonstration as "tag" or a parade in aid of some compassionat object.". The demonstraton, we learny, were filed with the enthusiasm, energy and privileged but good natured license (British) students are accustomed to in dulge in on such occasion." They were not doing anything seditious or trea- sonable." The procession was until challenged, entirely peaceful in its in tent, and dirveted at drawing attention to the death of a Chinese worker at the hands of his Japanese masters." The letter concludes with the sauners that Chinese students will be content with a fill and fair investigation and that they nr as anxious as firitish students to play cricket." If we could take these ssurances literally there would be no neel for concern. But all things per- suade us that the art of making what is not seem as if it were is the beginning and end of statecraft in Peking and Canton.
Against the misleading statements of the Peking Students' Union we place the actual facts. In February last the dismissal of some operatives in one of the Japanese Cotton mills at Shanghai culminated in strike, which lasted about three weeks and, needing to the: official report, affected mills and in volved 30,000 workers. On the morning of the 9th a mob of Chine attacked three mills, damaging buildings and pro- perty to the extent of $99.000 and in juring six Japanese.. A few days later Home Japanese in a motor car were àred at, one being injured seriously. During these disturbances the polia arrested 14 men including one student. In April there was a strike in the Japanese miills at Tsing, when the police arrested two agitators who were identified as students from Shanghai. Subsequently a school- master was taken into custody. He was a communist and a large quantity of Bolshevik literature was found. In his Fooling ran high at Tsingtao with the result that on the 9th the Chi- nese police äred at an angry niob armed with crowbars, killing 2 and wounding 30. some of them severely Hankow also experienced a strike which ended, without any particular displays of violence, on the 28th May,
rooni
1
3RD. 1925
"Another attack on foreigners occurred
Hankow of the evening of the 11th June. A large crowd stoned the Chi- nesa police of the British Concession, tore up the seats on the Hund, destroyed Japanese shops and attacked the shop- keepers, brake down the barriendo and attempted to wash the Volunteer armoury. The hoses of the Fire Brigade could not cool the ardour of the angry, mob and the Volunteers after firing over the heads of the rioters were compelled to shoot point blank, killing eight They were des fenling their lives against a murderous asenuft nad had to, net for themselves a56) they were unable to obtain prompt pro- tection from the Chinese authorities
These unfortunate incidents have been
exfoliateil into a series of imposing accusations. against Great Britain." It is noteworthy that at Tsingtao on the 9th May the Chinese palice were unable to suppress the riots without the use of rearins. The Shanghai and Tsingtao cases are strikingly parallel, but the Chinese have ignored the Tsingtao affair. The trouble began in Japanese millaz. it was in the effort to maintain inw and order in the foreign settlement that Great Britain became involved. Thy feel- ing, at first was generally anti-foreign, particularly anti-Japan and anti- British But soon there was a tendency to concentrate upon the British, under pressure of the students guided by the Bolsheviks" who, as usual, are pushing forward their hapless victims while they
Thr remain Beyond the danger zone. clash at tankow afforded Feking an op portunity for detaching Great Britain from the other powers and attaching to recent the British all the blame for events.
Passing over the disturbances, all of them contrived by student agitators, at Amoy, Chefoo. Chinkiang, Chungking, Hainan, Hoihow, Kiukiang, Nanking, Ningpo, Samshui, Swatow and Wuchow, we come to the 23rd June, when the Shameen was staged. deliberate attack There can be no doubt that this attack was premeditated: it was common taik in Canton and Hongkong the day before
cecurred. A preliminary outrage bap- pened on the 20th, when two Japanese crossing the French Bridge at Shameen into Canton city were fired at, one be- ing killed and the other wounded. The circumstances of the attack make it im possible to accept the alleged motive of robbery, although the unfortunate men had with them a large sum of money. It was, we repeat, anticipated that there On the would be trouble on the 23rd, pervious day the British Cansul General wrote to the Canton Government,' yo- plating the rumour that was current and Shameen forces intimating that the would resist with arms any attack on The Canton Govern- the Settlement, went in reply gave the most defnita assurances that the procession would be entirely peaceful and that is untoward incident need be feared:
On the morning of the eventful day between 20,000 and 30,000 demonstrators sarmbled on the East Parade Ground and there formed procession. The Work- first, then the
11016
со
This anti-Japanese Feeling reached a elinas at Shanghai on the afternoon of the 30th May, when hig demonstra: tion organized by 23 schools and many citizens arched" in proession through the main street of the laternational Settlement distributing pamphlets deno uncing the Imperialism" of England, America, Frane and Japan. The pan phlets concluded with these wordan's Guilde
Death is better than imperialism, so schools-boys and girls--and a contingent of the Chiton army brought up the let us make. war on the Imperialists As the mob refused to disperse to men rear. There were between 1,300 and 2,000| were arrested and taken to the police fully armed men, all of them Whampoa station where the ringleaders were re
Cadets who were trained and oticered taißed and the others released. But, by Russian Bolsheviks in Canton. The Largely reinforced, the rioters severely Whampoa Cadets were chiedy responsible handled Constables Cole and Steven, for clearing up the Enst River situation knocking them down and attempting to and quite recently defeating the wreat their arins from them and shouting bined Yunnanese and Kwangsi troops kill the foreigners They also at Their comparatively easy success Tony a stimulus to further en- tacks the policy station. It was then have been
Be that as it may, excepting and then only that the defenders made deavour, use of their arms. After trying to in some decidedly unfriendly threats and timidate the rioters by firing, over their inartistic attitudes all went well while heads, the police took the only other the long procession was passing She course open to them to prevent the meen, until the arrival of the armed con- weizure of the weapons in the station, tingent. Then, at a pre-arranget signal the which would have led to the most serious troops turned facing Shareen, the front results. According to the Chinese official rank knelt in orthodox military fashion At the report 4 rioters were killed and ea and both ranks opened fire. wounded, of whom's died later. On the same time snipers who had been placed morning, of June 1st andher clash ne beforehand in buildings on the other side curred between" students and polier, at of the creek joined in the shooting. The Louza station. The students began by French and British forces accepted the bustling the policr. Waiting firemen challenge, and the result of the affray ineffectually used their hoses on the mob, was British wounded, i French killed who vigorously bombarded police and and 1 wounded, 3 Japanese wounded, 37 firemen will road metal torn from the Chinese killed and 70 wounded. There road, injuring many people. The pois no record of any Bolshevik officers be lice threatened to fire pint blank anding killed or even wounded. (To be cuncluded.), were eventually compelled to do so.
POSITION IN SOUTH CHINESE PORTS.
OFFICIAL INFORMATION..
The following official information garding the position at overseas Southern Chinese ports
iswed yesterday afternoon,
Was
CANTON Sitaation improved. All quiet.
HOLHOW.
Situation satisfactory. Suomaripe "L33" has miled for Hengkong and is due to-day, Thursday.
SWATOW
KONGMUN AND SÄMSHUI, Quiet. Nothing to report.
...WUCHOW.
Women and children being evacuated and escorted to Hongkong by H.M.S. Moorhea. Nothing further to report.
CANTON.
EATER
A new Government was inaugurated) yesterday, Wednesday, consisting of 17 membere.
SWATOW:
Later last night, Wednesday, the mob broke..out and was breaking up foreign hotels and property alongside the Customs Compound.
Situation not so satisfactory. Agita tors attempting to board. British ships. An armed party was landed at the and protection from H.M.S. Hehelf Customs Compound by H.M.S. Rinbell. necessary. Crews of shipping unwilling The mob quictened down shortly after to strike and remaining on board, Con- "warde", and "moved" away and the party ditions for strikers on shore very unsatia re-embarked early this morning, Factory. Accommodation, bad and in-
sanitary causing sickness, food inade-To-day, Thursday, all is quiet, but hone quate, and strike unpopular Demonstra-boys have decided to come out this after- tion arranged for to-morrow, Friday,
́noon.
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"THE GLORIOUS FOURTH."
As, owing to the present crisis, it will not be possible for the usual 4th July celebrations to be held, the European Staff working in the Kitchen of the Hongkong Hotel will endeavour to prepare a Special Menu in honour of the occasion for
DINNER ON SATURDAY, the 4th JULY, 1925.
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