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THAT HEALTH BOARD.
A STEP NEARER REALIZATION,
SANITARY BOARD ADOPTS RESOLUTION
TO EXTEND ITS FUNCTIONS.
"
CO-ORDINATING PUBLIC HEALTH AND DISEASE- PREVENTION MEASURES.
The fortnightly meeting of the Sanitary) Board was held yesterday afternoon, Mr.
acted as a Meilical Offeer of Health in DR. OZORIO'S SUPPORT. a large English town orthorough, and that
*SUBSERVIENT SANITARY DEPT. his selection shall be from nominees' of
Dr. Ozoso, in seconding the motion, the Chief Medical Officer of the Ministry said he did so hot because it was pro- of Health. In my opinion this suggested posed by an Unöficial member, but be- Board should be entirely separated from cause he agreed that the sphere of this the Medical Department: it would be Board should be enlarged and the public quite out of the question for the Prin-health service of the Colony co-ordinated. cipat Modical Officer to niste charge He was glad that Dr. Koch had brought of it. Hesides there apparently seems to the matter forward for discussion, for the be quite enough to occupy the energies residents of the Colony hail in a way of the F.C.MO. in his own Department come to imagine, as the Hon. Colonial The two predecessors of the present offi. Secretary wished them to believe, that the sanitation of the Colony left no room Leer hat medical charge of the Victorin for improvement. It was after reading As the Government in the Legislative Hospital and lived in quarters there. the hon. gentleman's speech in the papers Council accepted a motion that the un-Apparently the duties of the P.C.M.O. that he set himself the task of that
ing his statements, and he had found now are confined to administration pure that Department was certainly not full- the appointment of an expert on Public, and we must assume that the fioverning its functions as it should. He quite Health as head of that Board, I think his time, and so I refrain from suggest-
ment know that he has enough to occupy agreed with all Dr. Koch had said and would like to amphily a few of his state- it is opportune that this, Board shoulding that he shall occupy a post as Com-stitution, had only advisory powers. As ments. The Sanitary Board, by its con-
TEX BOARD'S OPINION.
official members desired the enlargement) of the powers of the Sagitary Board and
N. L. Smith, President of the Board, presiding. There were also present: Hon Mr. H, T. Creasy (Director of Public Works), Hon. Mr. A. E. Wood (Secretary for Chinese Affairs), Itou Mr. C. G. Alabaster, K.C., Col. Fitzgerald, Dr. Ozorio, Mr. Wong Kwong,tin, Mr. SW. Tsu, Dr. W. V M. Rech, Dr, Wexpress its opinion on the matter.
missioner of Health, with its very aner It will be well that the Governments duties. I may mention incidentally W. Pearse (fedical Oficer of Health) should know that the members of this that Dr. Atkinson, who combined the Dr. A. G. 3. Severn (Assistant Medical Board are agreed that the conditions Officer of Health), and the Secretary to ruling the administration of Public Health | Sanitary Department was compelled toj should he of the first importance. The
duties of P.C.M.O. and Head of the the Board (Mr. G. S. Kennedy Skipton).
should be brought into line with the re-retire from the latter as he felt, active INSPECTION OF ANIMAL FOOD
quirements of a modern city. The Health as he was, unable to undertake the work. Dr. W. V. L. Kot, in accordance with Department should be given sufcient Practically the work appertaining to the notice, asked the following questions:
scope and a proper status, and the De. headship of this newly constituted depart, Will the -Head of the Sanitary Department should be self controlled.
ment will require a whole-time officer. partment lay on the Table the Re port on Cholern in the Tung Wab Hospital in 1902 drawn up by Dr. Pearse.
"What official of the Sanitary Depart mont is responsible for the inspec
tion of
*|
GROWTH OF SANITARY DEPARTMENT.
PROPOSED EXTENSIONS....
ADMINISTRATIVE DETIKA
FOUR MOD's,
"
was well known this had been told them from the chair time and again. As they which received it as being worth what it kaew, advice was considered by the party
cost. The public health of the Colony
was not so considered by the Govern Public Health Department of the Colony ment. It was subservient to nearly all the pahile departments of Ilongkong. If they wanted any money they had to beg it from the Treasury, and if they wantesi tu spend any money they had to ask as a favour that the Public Works Depart We ought to Nave also an administra- ment should put it in their budget as This Board by its constitution was ein- tive officer, whose daty shall be te super supplementary vote. If they wanted any powered to deal with measures afvise the administrative and financial advice from the PC.M.O. or any work avenging and with measures for plague work of the Board under the direction of done by any of the staff they had to go the Commissioner. He may he drawo i down on their knees. They had to go so prevention; these powers are only a small from the Cadet service, in which case he far as to ask the Police to help them (a) Aninial Food Stuffy slaughter-part of what is required of the Board should not be moved at frequent inter- remove their patients. They had to ask
ed in the Colony. (b) Animal Food Stuffs imported owing to the enormous growth of the vals. It would be well to have a cadet the Director of the Botanical Department with some legal knowledge, or better still to clear the roads for them. The Depart- into the Colony."
Colony, and thes gradually it assumed
to have a qualiâed young solicitor for ment was certainly very subservient The CHAIRMAN replied that the report further powers in its methods of dealing the post-such as is the case with town They had to ask every year for a certain amount of moneys for their needs, but on cholern had been laid on the table with infectious diseases until latterly it clerks in England,
they did not necessarily get it. They and would be circulated for information directed on two occasions a campaign of
had to ask the P.W.D. to train nullaha, to members. The answer to the first part public vaccination during the prevalence cal Officers of Health-two for the City and bath houses for the public. He put Then I say there should be four Medi- to build quarters for their staff, latrines of the second question was that the of a small-pox epidemie. But in these of Victoria, one for Kowloon and one for them in his budget and they were ap Colonial Veterinary Surgeon was the re-
matters it has been handicapped, and has the New Territories. This will be none proved. What happened: He had been sponsible official. As to the second part had to invoke the assistance of volunteers, Health of the Colony has to be looked there was never a year in which the whole too many, for it as is proposed the Public on the Board for the last nine years and of the question, the Chairman said that, and even in the case of plague the assist after it will take all the energies of these amount voted for that Department had by à curious concidence, he had intended ance of the Government Bacteriologist for officers to do it as well as to undertake been spent. The reason he did not know. to sirculate the Board on this very mat- the examination of cases of suspected special bits of research work. Incident and it was not his business to find out.
ally in another Colony the criticism was
· LACK OF CO-ORDINATION. |ter within the next few days.. The situa-plague, or the Medical Officer in charge made by
# Public Health authority tion at present was as follows: There of the Mortuary (for the examination of (Bostock Hill): "There seemed to be
Then there was the lack of co-ordina- was a market by-law which said that no rats)-both members of another Depart an idea that the powers of Medical On- tion between that Department and the meat could be sold for market except ment. Not many years ago when the cers of Health should be restricted and Public Works Department, as was well that slaughtered in Government slaughter outbreak of cerebro. spinal meningitis their authorities kept in check by lay. illustrated in the cutting down of a hill houses. There was also a provision about occurred, the Government had to call in men."
opposite Homuntio. What did they find frozen meat, which was, however, not of help from the United States of America
OTHER OFFICIALS.
there? A huge lake breeding any amount very great importance. Most of the the Rockefeller Institute, which kindly, Next should suggest one bacteria scat Inspectors round to people's houses. of mosquitoes. The Sanitary Department frozen meat went to the Dairy Farm. No lent the services of an expert.
logist aud
an assistant bacteriologist and brought then up before the Magis- imported meat could go into the market,
These officers will have important duties Then there was section 59 of the Ordi- hance, which prohibited the sale or the Bard he extended so as to have, under noted that a monthly examination of the quitoes were being bred in this place by Now I propose that the powers of this in connection with the Board. It must be rates for breeding mosquitoes, yet mos exposure for sale of any unwholesome its control the direction of public health water, occupying two days, will not al- millions. There was lack of co-ordination the Public Works, Department by the meat.Of course one bad to find this un- of this Colony, in addition to the powers or all their energies. They will have in regard to sewerage. When they got wholesonse meat. He raised the question already entrusted to it. This means that
to assist in tracing the source of origin permission for the erection of a public a month or two ago because it seemed the following. Departments will come
of infectious diseases, in preparation of intrine the to him that that was not quite sufficient under its jurisdiction-First, there is the take investigation into numerous infee district was not in order.
calf lymph of autirabie serum, and under- vetoed it Because the sewerage of the Public Works Department for. the Board. He suggested the Board port health work, including quarantine, tive tropical diseases that we have in should make some hy-laws under Section disinfection of ships, examination of 18, sub-section 32, by which the Veteria coolics and the work now carried on by attached to the Medical Department bas our midst. The present bacteriologist ary Surgeon would have power to impose certain conditions on imported meat. This was decided by the legal experts to be ultra tired to the section, He then suggested it would be a good thing, for an additional sub-section to be put into section 18, saying that the Board had power, among its many other powers, to impose conditions under which food might he imported into the Colony. That was a very much broader matter, but he did not think the Board would consider it He thought the Board should have such power. The Chairman quoted two reasons for making the recom- mendation. One was, presuming a Dairy Farm was instituted just over the Chi- nese border at. Shum Chun, they would
When they had patients to remove to There should also be a Colonial Veterin hospital they had to ring up the Police at prescat have no control over the milk Colony. This requires frequent examinary Surgeon and assistant. The work in Department and ask them to send the of the Dairy Farm, unless they happened tion both from a bacteriological and
this sub department has increased enor to find a had bottle. That did not seem chemical standpoint. A bacteriological mously, and for the proper inspection of ambulance along. He had the misfortune to laughter houses in Canton regarding or more often if necessary. I may say to him to be sufficient. The same applied examination should he undertakes weekly eat eattle, markets, ele, to be carried to pass along Queen's Road the other day
out is beyond one man's capacity.
on the way to the French Hospital. He Baw two bodies lying dead by the road- meat seat down by the night: hosts, that such examination requires more than
Details for the necessary staff of Sani- side and they were still there when he procedure not unknown Under the law two days, usually five days, sometimes tary Inspectors and other officers and ser-
came back. They were the victims of a as it stood. they had no such power.
vants might be left over. If the matter There had been considerable correspon- may mention that the water supply of probably make further additions or aub asphyxiated and although they might ap- two weeks and sometimes even longer. is considered by the Government it will house collapse. People who were the vie dence on the subject. It was usual to Zurich in Switzerland is examined not atractions from the Board as it is at pre-pear to be dead, they were not really tims of house collapses were sometimes explore the preliminaries before suggest once a day but several times a day, every sent. ing an innovation of this sort, in order to day of the week, every week of the month
dead. They seat coolies to dig them out. be quite eertain that the thing was prac and every month of the year, and the
and the ambulances down to fetch them tical, or that there were no legal dif- waters in Zurich are surely a little above
Lastly, Sir, I think a public health re- away, but there was no one with them culties in the way so that when he put suspicion. Still they find it necessary to search laboratory should be erected in who had any knowledge of artificial re- his proposals before the Board they would make frequent examinations,
"connection with this Department. It is spiration. If that Department was not stand a chance, "with the approval of the
surely necessary. This is a growing at fault the Government was at fault. It Board, of going through.
Colony. It is very wealthy. It is spend was guilty of manslaughter if it did not ing plenty of money-I won't say waste ou unproductive matters at pre- of artificial respiration.
to send people down who had a knowledge sent, and I think if a public health re search laboratory were attached to a agreed with most of the statements made Dr. OzORIO, in conclusion, said that he Department like this, where we have s by Dr. Koch. He had given good and bacteriologist, an analyst and a Medical sufficient reasons why they should have Officer of Health working all the time, ita Health Board. They were not bringing would do much for the proper working of this matter up just because they wanted all theic matters.
to please the public, and he thought they all ought to be thankful to Dr. Koch. for.. bringing his resolution forward. A HANDICAPPED BOARD.
was too wide.
Dr. Koch intimited that he would await the Chairman's report before making any recommendations on the subject. THE SUGGESTED HEALTH BOARD. DR. KOCH EXPLAINS HIS SCHEME.
Dr. W. V. M. KOCK, pursuant to notice, moved the following resolution :
LIGHTHOUSE OF THE FAR EAST
There were other departments with
the Health "Ollieer on purely health his hands full, for in addition to strictly which they did not got on too smoothly. work of the Purt there has heen only one Health Officer net as Medical Officer of the Mortuary, meat. They prided themselves on having I may mention that routine bacteriological work; he bus to and one of them was the Medical Depart of the Port since March last year, but us Medical Officer-for the investigation a University of their own" the "light" there have been others appointed to assist of medico-legal cases, in the course of house of the Far East him from time to time. The work is too which he has to spend a certain amount described-hut, when an epidemic of in- it had been important to be, got through in this happy-of time in the Law Courts and as Patho- fectious disease appeared they had not go-lucky way and the Medical Staff re-logist to the Government Hospitals, be got the personnel to cope with it,' much quires to be larger. There ought also to sides preparing vaccines, etc. be proper means for the disinfection of
less trace the origin of the disease. They ships, a quarantine station, etc., and we should not be compelled to adopt such primitive methods as the use of junks for the segregation of infectious diseases and the separation of contrets.
WATER SUPPLY.
Next there is the water supply of the
DRAINAGE AND SEWERAGE
In connection with this, drainage and sewerage and the work of the Building Authority should be co-ordinated with this Board. I do not mean to say that they should be taken over by the Board, but what I mean is that all matters drainage, sewerage and so on, should be run in conjunction with the opinions of the Officers of this Board
SFOOD SUPPLIES.
assistant analyst for chemical work in con- from America. No research work was Then there should be an analyst and had to send for people from England or nection with foods and drugs. This work done by the department, therefore how is undertaken only now and again, but could they trace the source of the dis- there should be enough work found to ease! keep such officers in active employment) throughout each week.
Ji
HEALTH, KESĽAECH LABORATORY.
In the opinion of the Board owing to
PREVENTION IS BETTER THAN CURE the steady increase of the population
Next the food supplies should be more of the Colony and the health problems
Sir, in commending tus extension of presented there is urgent necessity carefully and eficiently looked after. At the powers of the Board I would like to for co-ordinating all areasures con present the Colonial Veterinary Surgoon point out that the economis value of such nected with Public Health and the is the sole authority, and he is over- a change would be invaluable. When the Prevention of Disease and this Board burdened with work. He has the assist Board is established and in full going, respectfully recommends that the ance of two or three Banitary Inspectors Government be pleased to extend the who have had some training for this Board's functions so as to enable it work, but there ought to be a larger staff to deal with all such matters and thus and more frequent examinations for constitute it a General Board of adulteration of foods, drugs, etc. Health."
A COMMISSIONER OF HEALTH.
WHAT DE OZOX10 SAW.
Mr. SW. Tso said. he supported tha motion on the general principle that the powers of the Board should be extended. research work must be undertakes whole The Board was very much handicapped heartedly in the pumerous infectious dis as it was at present on account, of its cases the population is subject to, which powers not being adequate enough far we hope will result in measures of pre- the work it had to do. As to the pro vention. I would like to point out that posed constitution of the Board, he did the prevention of disease is really much not see eye to eye with Dr. Koch. He He said: Sir, I may say in support of
more important than the cure cf disease thought the question of constitution might I propose that the Officers of such a-that the future of medicine will be the be discussed at future meetings of the this resolution that it has not emerged newly constituted Board should be as prevention of disease-to know how to Board. just now because of the typhoid epidemic. follows:
feed a child so as to avoid rickets is much It has been in my mind for some con
Dr. Kocir thought no harin would 'bes A Commissioner of Public Health as more satisfactory than to be able to cure done if they passed the resolution as it siderable time I may say for years. I President of the Board, who shall bave it to know what to do to prevent instood. The question of the constitution had the pleasure of speaking to your supreme direction of all matters relating epidemic is rouch more satisfactory than of the Board could be threshed out later. predecessor, Mr. Bayer, about it, telling to the public health of the Colony, and to tabulate the number of cases, the The CHAIRMAN suggested to Dr. Rocb. him that it was my intention at some whose standing shall be that of a Benjor deaths, and so on. In fact if I may quote that as the resolution would undoubtedly future date to bring the matter forward. Cadet or Head of the Department with a well-known Latin phrase: Salui populi go through as it stood; the Government I think you will remember, Sir, that I a salary of £1,200-£1.500 This officer est suprema tez-the welfare of the would be sure to ask for more details of mentioned it to you in the early part of shall posses a public health diploma or people is the supreme law of a com- the scheme proposed, in which case it the year, after you had assumed the Prequalification, and must have had praemunity; and I may end by another well- I would be proper for the Board to appoint sidency of this Board, so that it is not tical experience for some years in tani-known quotation: Sanitas sanitatums sub-committee, to go into the detaila of a new thing by any means.
tary work. I suggest that he should have I omnia sanitas.
the question.