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THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, THURSDAY, MAY 10TH, 1988.
THE TOMB AND THE KING.
MYSTERY STILL UNSOLVED.
TUTANKHAMEN AND HIS TIMES,
That was not, in those days, an especially varly age for warriage; nor can we deduce therefrom any safe inference as to her husband's age. A grown man-especially for the purpose of "establishing
his right to the throne-might marry a princess stifl The following article (The Times mys) in her infaner. None the less, it would been written in reply to many requests for have been hand, in this case Tutankha- j
in accordance with
4
tom if the.
as exact an account as is possible at the life and personality of the Pharaoh whose name
men, was but little, if at all, older than his has become a household word since his tomb, wife, the two being married as children, his with its marvellous treasures, was discovered
years, then, until he was sixteen, being Lord Carnarvon and Mr. Howard Carter at the end of his at most-five-year-long
tuder
regency. Tutankhamen, A vast amount of the world's literature reign, would have been under
eighteen, at Egypt has been out of date by
his death. the poveries of Lord Carnarvon and Me certain indications from his garments found, is known that
Carter. All books, especially, that deal in his status, and the character of the tomb
general va
with the subject of gyp itself, have led some of the experts engaged tian art will have to be rewritten. on the work at the tomb to the independ But the direct light thrown 100 hixent conclusion that in fact he died at "some tory-oven on the contemporary events such early age. of Tutankhamen's reign-is HO negligibla There
Much of the forgoing, however, it will Ive been seen, is little more than surmise; suggest new theories about the
and there are, in fact, authorities who by of the King himself about his f
retic religion and other matters: There is ons piece of apparently good to the "heretic'
ecnclusions. no means accept all these but the non-discovery of any papyri with vide
with the scantiness of the inscriptions and
evidence which
Tutankhamen's raign. Those mough, apparently hasty, character of the eighth year of Tutankh of an event of the mural decorations-themselves confined to Ikhnaten and Horemheb at considerably
ho accept
this place the interval between the sepulchral chamber itself-make the
more than eight years. Also there is one. positive information gemachtel enqually good pices of evidence which at
very light
More
come. There is to be investigatel: but it is extraordinary least suggests that Tutankhamon that, while
amcunt
may
pro
features
far
which
Was
househol tankhamen's name has becomú hruten's brother. In that case he was word all over the civilized twenty when he came to the throne, and mach more than a toy-prolably over world, wo still know almost nothing of the must have been nonrer thirty than eighteen hinself. We are equally ignorant ofwhen he died. The most that can be said is big origin,
the precise date of his accession,
nan
his
the length of his reign sad of all its incidents, that the majority of authorities seem to and of the time and manner of his death. favour the other view. What we do know is that his reign marked
GANDE, PRICE @ CO., LTD., the close of, perhaps, the most interesting
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•
SOME SOLIN FACTS..
and picturesque episode not only in Egyptian solid facts there are that we can grasp Amid all this perplexity, however, ecrtain but in all ancient history.
It was Tutankhamen who finally reverted Under the Pharaohs of the Eighteenth from the monotheisti, worship of Aten Dynasty, chiefly through the military prowback to that of Amen and the old gods. ess of Thutmose (Thothmes) I, the fis name, once more, tells the Egyptian Empire reached the zenith of its When he came to
the throng he was glory: but fifty years after the death of that
his wide ses on the
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great warrior sing- that is, by the begin-Ikhn-Aten, he
ho changed it to Tutankh ot the fourteenth century Rander Amen. Also he deserted the City of the his less rigorous successors, signs of trouble Horizon and brought his capital back to wers already showing
Thebes. We call well believe that in the borders of
atly, yet serious when
The trouble ruin which the
new religion had brought the Empire, upon
the people, rojected was not there you Amenhotep in 1375, to be succced- it and yearned for the old gooulet
Ler ed by his son. A strong hand, however, was tainly the priesthood of Amen hare needed; and fate so willed it that the next used all their power to stir the people to occuput of the throne was to be no soldier. rebellion against Aten, and all the deep- but A poet and a man of dreams.
rooted influence of Thobes would have been with them. Whether from conviction or from policy, Tutankhaten purged himself of the lovely but banoful heresy and gave the people all their old idols to worship. Not only that, he set himself with vigoar to prove his zenl.
THE BERETIC SINO.
So chapter of Egypt an history is better known than that which tells the story of the Heretic King. Physically a weakling, almost deformel, gentle-heartel, devoted and a lover
TV
of
crrated
True, there are confusing symptoms even
to his wife and to Amenhotep here. On articles found in the present tomb, deserted the religon
ligon of his fore-fathers, be as elsewhere, the carlier names of Tutankha dethroned the great God. Amen and all ten bas been allowed to Burvive in the old Fantheon, and, in their stead set company with the later and more or up the worship of the One God, Aten, thodox: and there are other details beneficent and omnipresent. For purposes
but the
of worship Aten was personified as the Sun, hard to reconcile with a zeal its all- deweing as his was supposed to be. Some king himself struggled to make it oven been led to suggest that disgust Plain thas the true Deity was not the Suned, pery-restored priests of Amer-be overweening pretensious itself, but the vital force reiding in the of the
at the
نار
Sun's creative warmth; and it is difficult once more relapsed at some time into heresy. not to believe that he himself saw further This is oren prged as an explanation of the that that. In elaborating the new region peculiar vindictiveness with which, after be he built up the
a faith which
was gone, his memory seems to have been many ways fore-shadowed Christianity with pursued by Horomleb when the latter came extraordinary closeness. In its entirety to the throne; for Horemhel appears
to Aten worship was intinitely more beautiful have devotel no inconsiderably portion of and more spiritual than any religion held his time to banting up records of Tutankha by
TRAD,
of which we have knowledge, at so
*** for the
of destroying purpoan early a date.
them. Tint was, in itself, not exceptional in the attitude of on Pharah his predecessors; but in this use it has all the aperte sinatural to a stribe of personal malignancy. Even so, however, that whatever bitterness there was sprang king in his lifetime. Horegheb was a soldier put upon Horeshes by the From the tomb of one of his viceroys, we fearn that Tutankhamen received tribute from Syria or Palestine; and a suggestion ins been marke tidentify him with a king wh about this time, fought some sort of a battle
in Asia.
own name
In zeal for his new religion he changed his (dropping from it the run of the old God Awen substituting the new Golate from Ainen-hotep to Ikhn-Aten. Ilis capital the ancient the Pharoh himself, the the priesthood of Amen being, next to the greatest power in the State. So he deserted Thebes and, further down the Sile, built himself a new and wonderful capital, devoted entirely to the worship of the new God, the of the Horizon, where what we know as Tell-el-Amarna is now. Hither be transferral his Chart, and here he lived his life en
ty of Thebes was soaked in aut dominated some slight
A LITING PRESENCE.
grossed in the propagation of his new faith and careless of the
well-being of empire list
around him, doubtless under the impulse of the new religion, there grew up a new school of
art; and it is tit that we owe the incomparable beauty of many k the objects now discovered.
turs shows us few perstic King: here it is easy to Houder ju a very
Cities on
than that of the
There is a portrait bust of Tutankamen at Cain, found at Karuak, which obviously does not represent the "figure of a robust man. There are those, indeed, who se in it evidences of consumption which the artist "bas-noted with suficient realism to
the dinguosis of a modern playamuan. but
hut his gentleness spelled the wreckage of quagmire of conjectum. Were his apparent his dynasty. He left no son, and on his religious vacillations culy the result death there followed a period of chaos, of a sickly constitution, already undermined the duration of which inest authorities | by the disease that caused his early death? place at eight years, until the strong And then we must remember that it is an Land of the soldier Horemheb began the yet established even that he didie young work of rebuilding the.shattered three!
Could anything, then, be more dramatic, the kingdom. In these eight years. abomulous, that the present situation? shadowy kings occupied for a time the throne. Here, we are in possession of scores and and there may have been other temporary scores of the most intimate possessions of usurpers. One of these three the second the dead king-his furniture, his clothes, his was Tutankhamen.
touched charide the things which he daily So obscure is this period that there is great and used
We have his portrait uncertainty and has been no litte contra used and wore. Wo
statues and his name is everywhere: his old versy about the dates! Those wis accept name in places, his new name in a hundred eight years as measuring the interval between Ikhnaten's death and Hotelch's accession repetitions on all sorts of articles. His
very rally allot three of those eight years to orginally laid almost within arm's reach, generally
"body, we doubt not, lies, as it wa Tataukhamen's immediate successor, ATP.
Bat of him, his 50 Ave inside those tabernacles. Tutankhamen's immedinte predeceser life, his acta we know of a certainty almost Sinenkiura inny not have vecpil
The tomb seems filled with his nothing. throne individually at
But ll,
living presence; every object touched with
th
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may have only reigned as cu-regent memories of him, fresh, almost, as on the HONGKONG CIGAR STORE, LTD. with Ikhnaten in the latter's last years. day he died. But he himself his person But, omitting Smenkhara and making no slity, all that he was sad did--cludes as: allowance for any inter-regga which may a name, a shadow, a thing of controversy. hare occurred, there are, by this.com and conjecture. putation, only five years, us 'a maximùm
during which Tutankhamen could have
been king.
CONFLICTING EVIDENCE
And who was Tutankhament The belief
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the third daughter of fkhnaton. The eldest Wostarinator Hospital, "they must be daughter had married Smenkhara (up, accurately confred in frames that are parently also not Royal in his own right) light, strong and fit well, okharwing the who, as we have seen, wan Tutankhamen immediate predecessor. The sixfund daughter good foot of the most carefully chosen, had died. The husband of the third correction may be entirely frustrated by daughter, therefore, now succeeded. All of
a faulty position of the glawes, or STED which would have been regular; and finally, Tutankhamen's Aye, who was a priest, mar a fresh source of eye-senin may be introvatourer, B.O., Honolula, Singapore, Pausag London, New York, Chicago, Ban Francisso, ried the nurse of Iklinston's queen, which, induced." The Hongkong "Optical : Co., | Tientsin, Ewat, w, Macro, Canton and all Com- default of any better pretender, seems to have established claim enough,
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