Page
CABLES.
LATEST CARLES. (THROUGH BEUTKE'S AGENCY.]
UNEMPLOYMENT PROBLEM.
ני
MR. LLOYD GEORGE'S SPEECH PRAISED AND CRITICISED.
LONDON, October 30th. Mr. Lloyd George, dealing with ex- port credits, announced that the Govern- ment had propéenls from foreign "Gov. eraments for very considerable engineer. ing orders to renew transport facilities to those countries provided the Govern ment was prepared to give extension of The Government credit for repayment. had concluded that where they were large orders that kind which take years to complete this, was desirable. He be- fisved it would thus be possible to give very considerable orders, specially in engineering, which was suffering most from unemployment at present.
LATER
THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, FRIDAY, OCTOBER 2181, 1921.
LATEST CABLES.
GENERAL PERSHING LEAVES.
A GREAT SEND-OFF FROM PARIS.
PARIS, October 20th.
General Pershing left for Cherbourg en route to America Thore was a dis- tinguished gathering at the station, in- elading & representative of M. Millerand and several Cabinet Ministers.
GERMAN PEACE TREATY,
IS IT
A
DISAGREEABLE
NECESSITY:
---New Your, October 20th-
The New Tork Times' declaros that the German Penca. Treaty is a disagreeable necessity. It is an anti-climax because it' falls far below the resolves with which America entered the war. ANGLO-JAPANESE ALLIANCE.
CRITICISED BY NEW ZEALAND · LABOURITES.
LATEST CABLES.
ANGLO-AMERICAN UNITY. "WE ARE NATURALLY ARRAYED
TOGETHER”- w
New Yors, October 20th.
In a leader the World describes Mr. Harding's speech at Yorktown as "League of Nations speech." It says that Mr. Harding has begun to see that inexorable events are taking the United States into the League and that he will see it more clearly by the time the Washington Conference has finished its work.
The Tribune says that Mr. Harding struck the heart of the pease problem when he emphasised the supreme neces- sity of close Anglo-American Union. It SLYS: "Britain seems to have perman- ently shuken off the oid anti-American psychology. Americans, if they desire peace, must conquer the remains of any Anglophobia that "still grips them."
EARLIER CABLES.
NEW YORK, October 15th."
U.S. FREIGHTS. REDUCTIONS TO CONTINENTAL
EUROPE.
New York, October 19th.. The Continental Conference of Ship- ping Board representatives and shipping reduction of to Continental Europe of 15 to fees has announced 20 per cent. per ton on metals and to 3 to 5 per cent on oils, grains, meats. and canned goods.
THE AMERICAN LEGION. ITALIAN COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF
ATTENDS CONVENTION. ***
-New Yor, October 19th, General Dias, the Italian Commander la-Chief, was enthusiastically welcomed or bis arrival to attend the convention of the American Legion..
He has been accorded the freedom of the city.
MORALS OF THE BARGEE.
SUPERIOR TO TOWN DWELLERS.
FOLKLORE IN
BURGENLAND.
THE
A HOME OF GREAT MUSICIANS.
WEDDING CUSTOMS.
none.
· [FROM "' THE TIME: ** VIENNA CORRESPONDENT]
STAINLESS IRON. "ROMANCE OF SHEFFIELD
INDUSTRY
The discovery of methods of 141871- facturing iron and steel which will ene". able those materials to defy rust and stain of all kinds-is the latest romance of Sheffald industry. Iron and steel makers are still exploring, the possibilities of applying the materials to new purposes, and there seems no end to the story,
The extent to which stainless steel hus revolutionized the outlery trade is well known, but it is not so generally appre ciated that stainless iron is of equal importance.
1
same
Large
One of the curiosities of Austria's now province, the Burgenland, and indeed of Central Europe, is the Neusied! See, a big lake covering 131 to 138 square miles, with a length of 24 miles, a breadth in
Both materials were dis- the narrowest part of 31 miles, a mean covered some seven or eight years ago. depth of Gift, and maximan of 13ft. It Stainless steel was Arst devised, and scon after it was found that stainless iron has no regular outlet. This function | could be produced, by much the- should be served by a canal 23 miles long process, with the exception that a smaller. at the south-east end, but the discharge quantity of carbon-free ferro-chrome was required. It is the absence of carbon is practically nil. Other outlet there is which "eliminates the liability to rust. Stainless iran which is now being modo by several "Sheffield firms, contains from It will come as a surprise to many to
10 to 12 per cent. of carbon-free ferro- earn that this land of hard-working chrome, vory slight traces of silicon and peasants has given illustrious men to the manganese, with sulphur and phosphorus From "to time suggestions have been world. The Burgenland's noblest sons as low as possible, in order to eradicate made that the practice of living-in' on
impurities and leave the iron practically. canal hosts has had serious effects on the have been musicians. Joseph Haydn, the carbon-free. It is generally made with a eldest of a bare of Swedish iron, which, owing to health, safety, and morality of the bargee village wainwright's son,
peculiarities in the ore or in the process population, and especially that the edu- family of 2 children, was, strictly speak of manufacture, is a little more elastic cation of the children is neglected or non- WELLINGTON, October 20th.
existent. The matter has lately been the 18, a Lower Austs an, as he was born at than other irons. The stainless iron is The debate in the House of Repre
subject of inquiry by a Departmental Bohran, hard by the Burgenland frontier. melted in an electric furnace. Committes appointed by the Minister of But he spent nearly the whole of his life quantities were made before the war, but sentatives on taperial affairs, closed in
Health, under the chairmanship of Mr. at Eisenstadt as Capelmeister to Prince during hostilities, when munitions wore urgently needed, and ferro-chrome was an atmosphere of general approval of Presiding Harding, speaking at a cere. Neville Chamberlain, and the Committee's Nicolas Esterhazy. Franz Liszt, greatest short, its production was stopped. Since a real "Heinze," the Armistice the trade has been resum- Mr. Massey's attitude"
A small group
mony in commemoration of the British report has just been issued through the of all pianists, was
Stationery Office.
being born at Raiding by Cedenburg. Sed sad. is now cried on on a large surrender of Yorktown in 1781, and sur- The Committed took evidence from a too was Joseph Joachim, king of classic scale. Carten-free ferro-chrome is n very of Labourites criticised the Anglo-rounded by high officials of the Adminis variety of witnesses, and interviewed a violinists, who was born at Kittsee. Dr. expansive ingredient, and it is because. number of bargees, and the consensus of Hans Richter, who revealed Wagner to less, of this is needed in stainless iton Japanese Alliance advernels, objecting to tration standing within sight of the spot opinion is that, so far as health, cleanli-English ears, first saw the light at Raab. than in stainless steel that the former any alliance involving the possibility where Cornwallis laid down his sword, ness, morality, feeding, and clothing are Hummel, Tilgner, Hyrti, Adam Deser (of material is the cheaper of the two.
said he hoped to see an enduring senti of war commitments.
ment of peaceful relationship between concerned, the bargee and his family are whom Goothe and Winckelmann were Stainless iron has been largely used for.. the two great, English-speaking nations. fully equal (if not superior) to town dwel- pupils); these and many others, artists the production of golf clubs-the iron,
lers of a similar class. It might be and savants, were sons of the Burgen mashie, and niblick.
Being of a more He proceeded
thought that the narrowness of the quar-
pliable nature than steel, it is more easily. "That either should over again lift the ors, the absence of any sanitary conveni The student of folklore will surely find worked up into these and other articles. sword against the other must be unthink-ences on the boats, and the enforced proxi- much to interest him here. The Heide. It has attracted much attention from able; we are naturally arrayed toge-mity of the sexes would lead to laxity in bauern still cling to their customs and makers of stove 'grates, and is being used ther in a trusteeship for preserving the standards of morality and decency forefathers, lend a responsivo car to the in all of which respects it will abolish
superstitions, and, like their Frankish for kitchen ranges, grates, and fenders... but the "traditions of boat people have The triumph of freedom in the Ameri-been-handed down for generations, with mystic voices of land and forest. They the labour of cleaning, and thus save can Colonies strengthened liberalism in the result that their conventions are dif-believe firmly in lonely wayfarers through expense. An important and useful direc the Old World. This liberalism, grown ferent from those of shore dwellers, and the forest at night being met by men of tion in which the material has been dominans, had inevitably brought Britain that circumstances which might draw at ordinary appearance, often friends or applied is in the fitting of motor-cars. and America to a policy of accommoda- tention among the latter pass unnoticed dead persons, who demand the execution It is supplied in sheets for the making It is probable that a new Ministry will tion in the Pacific and adjustment of all by them. "Life on board these, boats," of some pious act in atonement of a crime of bonnet boxes, and is much cheaper
differences. After a century of unbroken vil of unemployment by continuing in be formed with the ex-revolutionary,' peace they united in sacrifice in the world says the report, "appears to be of an or wrong done. Woe to him who secks to than the aluminium generally used.
war, the lesson of which was the real Senhor Maria Coelho, as Premier.
interdependence of the nations which lead civilistion." THE IRISH CONFERENCE. TO REASSEMBLED TO-DAY.
Mr. Lloyd George's speech calla forth from the newspapers a measure of praise as regards the presentation of a difficult case, but the actual proposals are subject
to criticism.
The Times commends the extension of the export credit scheme throughout the Empire but it considers that a most serious defect of the scherne is that it. tends to increase taxation without offer- ing the country, any prospect of immet iate relief from the crushing fiscal burdena.
Mr.
The Morning Post says "that Lloyd George proposes to remedy the
principle the very policy which has largely...produced unemployement.
The Daily Mail says the scheme is a palliative and will not cure. "
The Daily News Bays, the scheme is not inspired by a broad policy but is merely a timid attempt to evade the coming
storu.
The Herald bluntly describes the pro- posals as bluff. It adds:" We cannot feed the unemployed on bluff."
She Chronicle and Telegraph support..
EARLIER CABLES.
COVERNMENT EXPORT CREDIT SCHEME.
SUCCESSFUL REVOLUTION IN PORTUGAL
NEW MINISTRY TO BE FORMED.
LONDON, October 20th. The Government has been overthrown as the result of a bloodless but success- tai military movement.
LONDON, October 20th. It is announced that the next meeting of the Irish Conference has been called" for October 21st.
A HUGE CONCERN.
LARGEST SINGLE SPINNING BUSI
NESS IN THE WORLD.
LONDON, October 20th.
It is announced that Crosses and Wink worth Consolidated Mills have practically completed negotiations for the purchass of Heaton Mills, near Bolton. Heaton is one of the last Bolton concerns remain iag in family hands and it will increase! the Crosses and Winkworth spindles to a million and a half, constituting the
LONDON, October 19th.. Mr. Lloyd George, addressing the House of Commons on unemployment, dwelt upon the importance of reviving trade, and said that we had to convert the world's need of goods into a demand and the demand into payment. He largest single spinning concern in the announced that the Government's export credit scheme would be amended by the world.
Government guaranteeing 100 per cent
instead 88 per cent, and a special Advi-NEW RUBBER INSTITUTION
sory Commission would fix a maximum
to which each firm would be permitted TO PROMOTE BETTER AND CHEAPER to trade. That would enable business in textile fabrics to be done âbread.
LOANS-TO-COLONIES FOR UTILITY
WORKS.
PRODUCTION.
LONDON, October 20th
The Institution of Rubber Industry has
The Premior announced that Mr. Chur-held its inaugural meeting. chill had arranged to raise about
civilisation for all time."
After paying a tribute to France, President Harding said they stood at the 'dawn' of 1 new day, in which nations would be stronger for contributing to the world's betterment. There was urgent need to bring together the best thought of all peoples into a co-operative endea vour which would shun armed alliances and strengthen concord and peace.
WASHINGTON CONFERENCE,
FRENCH AND BELGIAN REPRESENTATION.
WASHINGTON, October 19th. Belgium has accepted the invitation to attend the Washington Conference with thanks and appreciation."
PARIS, October 19th. In the Chamber, M. Briand announced that, subject to the approval of Parlia ment. he himself will hand the French delegation to Washington.
5
SOVIET FINANCE.
MAXIM GORKY TO NEGOTIATE WITH AMERICAN CAPITALISTS. HELSINGFORS, October 19th. Maxim Gorky has arrived. It is under- stood that he proposes to enter into negotiations with American capitalists on behalf of the Soviet Government..
A
STEEL INDUSTRY. PRICE MUST BE LOWERED OR WORKS WILL CLOSE.
'
LONDON, October 19th.
the children."
..** SCANDALOUS UNDER-EDUCATION.
land.
evade this!
THE WEDDING FEAST, .....
various
There is also in contemplation a greater almost patriarchal character, and there
use of it for the bodies of motor-cars was general agreement among the wit
A PEASANT'S" BETROTHÅL. "
instead of aluminium, and it is also sup nesses that the presence of the wife and It is at the wedding festivities that the plied for the fittings of cars, taking. mother on board helps to preserve a high Heinzen show their capacity to make place of the elecro-plated articles other- standard of morality among the men and merry. I will describe a peasant wed-wise in use. In all these respects ita a kindly but efficient discipline among ding at Raiding, Liszt's birthplace. untarnishable qualities, and the fact that There is a prelude to it which is called the labour of cleaning is thereby saved, Ventilation in the narrow cabins is, in making sure. When Hans and Gret are strong points in its favour. It has of the regulations, not good, at any have confided their intentions to their a wide range of uses in the kitchen, as it is made up into a variety of cooking rate in cold weather; but the open-air life respective families and obtained a pre- during the day probably does something liminary consent each party appoints two utensila. It is used for shop signs, to counteract the conditions at night, and of the nearest relatives to be their best tradesmen's name plates, and door plates. the health of canal boat children as a men." On the making sure" day the One firm is producing the material in whole appears to be no worse than that wooer, his father, and his best men re-wire form, to be made up into untarnish of those who live in the crowded dwel- pair. to the house of the fiancée. Here able door mats, and it is also being used lings of our large cities. Certainly the the two fathers and four best men fall to for spring mattresses.
Another important development in children are not so liable to infectious discussing the marriage" portion, while diseases as those who live on shore. Hans and Gretl. with beating hearts, sit contemplation is the use of stainless iron About 50 per cent. of the children are on the stove bench and await the result for the furnishing of railway carriages, born on the boats under conditions quite At luat the bargain is struck and the list engines, and rolling stock generally. In- unsuitable to mother or child in cases of guests draw un. A copious dinner quiries for this purpose have been made of confinement, yet une nurse with con- places, the sent on the betrothal. While by one railway company. The proposal siderable experience of these cases assert it is going on village swains in the i that it should replace brass for door. collect a pile of short straws in bandles. brackets, and many other fit- ed that she had never known of a case know
It would be more expensive, where a mother died in confinement, and baskets, and with them make a trail batings. caly one where a child was born dead. tween the two houses. The next morning initially, than brass, but the saving in
pensate for this difference----Times. The women resume work in a remarkably the whole village knows by this token cleaning costs would inore than com- abort space of time after the birth of the that Hans and Creti are betrothed.
On the second Sunday after the "mak child. Conditions of living-in are not. ideal for women, but after careful con- ing "sure," when the banns have boon sideration the. Committee have come to read out from the chancel for the second
At the bride's house a fresh difficulty the conclusion that they would not be time, two of the nearest relatives of the justified in recommending that women young couple, in holiday dress, each with
presents itself. The door is found locked, After much knocking the head of the shald-be-prohibited from living and a cane decorated with flowers, rosemary, and ribbons, set forth to invite the guests, working on canal boats.
On the way they give vent to their joy cook appears above a ladder, asking what their "Honours" desire. One of the The Committee are of opinion that neby firing off their pistols. Each invita. best men explaies that they seek admit- one has been established for the axeln. tion is made strictly according to formula taner and hands the cook a "document" and runs thus: Praised be Jesus sion of children from the boats on the Christ Herr Vecter (Sir Cousin) and which is mostly & plain sheet of paper. She consenta to throw upen the door- ground of excessivo danger from accident, Frau Mahin (Madam), you will excuse. There is nourish of trumpets, songs are nor, speaking generally, on the ground of us for importuning you so early, but employment in labour unsuited to their are two messengers sent out by the young sung. and the feus begins. It goes on. till evening. Soup, various kinds of strength As regards education, how Herr Bräutigam and his dearly-loved boiled, baked-and-roast-meat-coast-fowl ever, the report states that the evidence Jungfrau Braut to request your company with salad and stowed fruit, is overwhelming and practically unani at the Christian wedlock (the word used kinds of sweets, cold rice pudding, wash- mous that cans boat children are scand would sound too coarse for English cars, ed down with wine, coffee, and seg. The
lously, under-educated. The number of so I paraphrase it), and the little repast In a speech at Dalmuir, Lord Inver children of school age living on the boats which they cannot discharge alone, but festivities often last two, and even three,
days. of railways and other utility works, ed that the new institution enabled all naira destared that, unless the price is estimated at 1,000, and according to at which God and good friends are In the evening the cook again" makes which would appreciably affect
the who were interested in the industry to steel was reduced to something like pro-investirations made last year by "the necessary." Therefore we beg you to ro- ber appearance, this time with bandaged Nation Society for the Prevention of cognize us as good memengers and appear arms, suggesting that she has scalded and Cruelty to Children over-80-por-cent without-fail on the wedding day Praised burned herself in ber titanic-efforts. of these are almost uneducated. Their be Jesus Christ!
Silver pieces, rain upon her as a con only opportunities for schooling occur
The great day is usually the Tuesday solation.. when the boats are tied up for loading following the third reading. For days Before the dancing begins a young man or discharging, and as many of the par beforehand the cooks are hard at work holding in one hand a glass of wine and eata are unable to read or write, they roasting, baking, and boiling poultry, lemonade, and in the other a sprig of care little that their children should make full use of even these opportunities. Pigs, and even whole oxen for the feast. rosemary tied with a red ribbon, advances men, still carrying their canes bedecked the dare. It is a quaint address in six children do not put in twenty-half day with flowers and ribbons, fetch the guests, paragraphs, calling incidentally for the while the village band plays polkas and blessing of God Almighty on the wedded attendances in the year.
The Committes visited the special waltzes. At the first stroke of the church pair as He blessed the House of Mause
The orator con- school for canal boat children at Brent bell the bridegroom asks his parents sch. and Abraham." ford, which is the only example of its blessing, and forgivenear. At the second tinues: "Now I turn to the beloved kind in England. It is attended by boat stroke the cortège is formed and proccede Jungfrau Braut! I greet her in her children only, but though the scholars to the bride's house, led by the band. Garden of Roses It is my duty to wait the bachelors. then the on her with a glass of wine grown at are said to show marked interest in their First come studies and to make rapid progress, it spinsters, next the bridegroom and his Cologne on the thing. If it grow not at was admitted that they could only come best man, and finally the married men Cologne on the Rhine, it grow between about once a month, and then only on and women. The ball rings for the third Raiding and Haratschon. Grew it, not two or three days while the boats unload time. The bride now in her turn weeks between Raiding and Haratschon, it grow AMBASSADOR-and-lands. The Committee, therefore, her parents' blessing and forgiveness, and under sun and moon shine.,, I think it
commend that, after a period of grace the procession is re-formed for the church, will be drinkable. Hurrah!"
In another paragraph: "Now I k PARIS, October 19th.
of a year to enable arrangements to be the bride and her beat men walking
hand. If sho' is ill, she will go to the A parcal addressed to the American made, children of school age should be immediately behind the bridegroom and the Jungfrau Braut to give me her right stove bench; if she is well and merry, Ambassador's house, apparently contain.Prohibited from living-in on canal boats his assistants.
The bride's attendants carry she will jump over my hat; if she toucher ing a bottle of perfume, exploded when during school terms. This, it appears, is opened by his valat, seriously injuring unlikely to cause serious difficulty, as a adorned with flowers, ribbons, and rose the latter and wrecking the foam.
It large number of the barges already have mary in one hand and a mug of wine in
At midnight, after three hours' hart contained a high explosive bomb.
homes on shore, while many of the others the other. In their pockets is & drink- have relatives on shore, with whom the ing, glass which from time to time is filled dancing of polkas and waltzes-the Heinz children, could live during school terms. and handed mostly to the musicisus, to his never heard of the new-fangled fox Aa, a matter of fact some of them now encourage them. When the knot is tied trot there is a hush. The best man tale leave their children with relatives on the whole village swarms round the porch the young wife by the hand and load of the church to congratulate the happy her to a chair in the middle of the room shore for educational purposes.
Pistola are fired in the air. The bridegroom, parents, relatives, an The Committee also recommend that couple. the owner oz canal boats should be Then the party makes for the house of guests form a circle. The host man ene WASHINGTON, Cotober 19th required to take out annually simple the bride's parents, where the feast awaits them.*** Often the way is blocked-by- President Harding has declined an form of license, in order that in fature ing, during a limited period, the pro- if either party does not accept the deci- Invitation from British bankers to send mare, accurate information may be avail boughs and trunks of freeze youths, bodied.-nnemployed in Scotland and rider the frontier in favour of the accept conference on December 12th, but it is naed as dwellings, and to ensure the rawho take toll of the merry-makers before bride has worn until now. Then dan vision of poor relief to destitute able-sion, the Supreme Council; may recon- nepresentatives to a non-oficial Anuncialable as to the number of boats notual]: by Boow thrown up by the village youths, and removes the grean wreath which t extending the borrowing powers of Parishing party, but it is confidently hoped that believed that probably privato banking gular Itispection of all such boata,they are allowed to proceed.
£20.000,000 upon the credit of the British The president, Mr. Brooking; explain-}·
Colonies for the purpose of development
engineering trades in Britain-He point
ed out that orders had been tarrying meet and discuss, all branches of it and because the cost of production and the
cost of raising capital were both exces thus promote better and cheaper pro- sive. The Government proposed guar-duction. anteeing Colonial loans, providing the
expenditure promoted employment in
Sir Henry Wickham spoke of his ex-
the United Kingdom. "A fund contribut pariences in accuring, seeds from Brazil,
ed jointly by the workers, masters, and
of
war figures, steelworks must close down.
the State is "to be established for six in 1876, from which the rubber plantation months of 1921 totalled fr. 15,833,000,000 It has been reckoned that half of the Early on the welding morning the young to the bride and makes his invitation to
months, from which the unemployed are industry in the East originated.
already receiving benefit and will receive
an additional grant for families.
APPEAL FOR INDUSTRIAL :
HARMONY.
Mr. Lloyd George added that trade recovery was the real remedy for unema- ployment. That did not depend upon the Government, which was compelled to economise" ruthlessly. He emphasised
SILESIA DECISION.
NOTE TO WARSAW AND BERLIN -DRAWN UP.
PAZIS. October 20th. Ambassadors Conference has
The
FRENCH TRADE.
RESULTS OF THE PAST NINE- MONTHS.
PARIS, October 19th. Importa into France for the first tins and 24,806,000 tons, compared with 46,155,000 tons for the corresponding period of last year. The reduction is largely due to a decrease of nine million tons of raw materials.
Exports amounted to fr. 15,882,000,000 and 10,727,000 tons, compared with 8,951,000 tona in the corresponding period of 1920.
CONCEALED BOMB.-
that despite a debt of aight thousand agreed op procedure regarding the millions. Britain was paying her way Silesia decision and has drawn up the SENT TO THE US. without concealing deficiencies by print text of a Note to Warsaw and Berlin. "ing paper money, and her courage would
be rewarded...: "Ho' appealed to masters and workers to compose their differences, otherwise there would be no wages.
TWO RELIEF MEASURES INTRO.-
DUCED,
LONDON, October 19th..
EARLIER CABLES.
"PROSPECT THAT THE PARTIES WILL ACCEPT.
LONDON, October 19th. Two Government Bills dealing with It is learned that the Polish Govern- unmployment have been formally intro- ment has given an assurance that it will duced in the House of Commons by Dr. do ita utmost to ensure the carrying out Macnamara-namoy, a Bill providing of the League of Nations' decision with for temporary payment of grants to an- regard to Upper BResia. It is believed employed workers towards the mainten. that this will have a calming effect in ance of families and anapending the Germany. It is known that Germany has operation of fee, 27 of the Unemploy been communicating with Poland in ro "ment Insurance Act; and a Bill authoris gard to a settlement. It is hinted that
Councils,
Germany will unreservedly accept.
U.S. PRESIDENT. AND
BRITISH BANKERS. «
INVITATION DECLINED.
experts will gladly participate.
Daily Telegraph..
+
(Continued at, foot of nezt solumn.)
it she will be mulcted in a dozen Reiche thaler Hurrah!
more addresses the young woman, 17 minding her that henceforward the is
wife. With that, a maiden steps fort
and "song continuo more vigorously the ever,