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[1464
ONE DAILY PRESS. FRIDAY NOVEMBER
ONE OF CHINA'S IND
HOW PEANUT OIL IS PRO
Tar A ENCOUNTRY
In these days when we
when the only new
so accustomed.
a of
aum
1990:
RECENT PRESIDENTIAL MANDATES.
NATIONAL ELECTIONS AND LOCAL
SELF GOVERNMENT.
Many of our readers will doubtless be interested in the hull translations which follow of two Mandates promulgated by the President of China on November 17th ———
NATIONAL" ELECTIONS.
LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENTTA:
PROGRESS IN CANTON. RESULTS OF LOCAL SELE GOVERNMENT.
The following extract is from the Report of the Commissioner of Customs as:Canon for the year 1919, just Issued:---
In November 1919 Municipal Counci was established, with Mr. Yang Yung-int and Mr. Woi Fan-ping as its administra tive directors. As a stars in the improve
ANTI-JAPANESE BOYCOTT,
AAT CANTON, THE WORKING OF A "GENUINE PUBLIC OPINION."
The Commissioner of Customs at Canton,
in removed like a jelly-mould, leaving stesining mats of meal ready to be made into cakes, The meal oake maker has hy. him a pile of ration rings about twelve mohds in diameter, and with senhor a to hear the darker side of Chinese life, domen of these be builds on the Hoor a aper reference to hollow cylinder which he rapidly Ela with are descriptive of its injustion and to the hot west, eneo more using hands and settlement, it is well to remember thas ikere | fret (so presa in tight. One after an. does exist a great deal of the useful and other he prepares these solid cylinders of ancressful in this country. While the
meal with their rattan casings, and stands
* outery against unfale officials speaks loud, them on the sides in a row ready for the and rightly, the ordinary agricultural, setual pressing.
In adopting the system of national clecment of traffic facilities in the city the business and manufacturing pursuits of
The press itself is most fascinating in on the country becomes the common pro- following programme was drawn up: (1) to demolish the city wall and its gates, the land are carried on with a normality simplicity and its us. The apparatus - perty of the nation. Under the system, thed is surprising to Westerners, who think consist of (1) ons huge hollowed-out tres the public rights of the people are duly 18 in all, leaving two northern gates for of civil war as something utterly destrucf wooden blocks, some circular and idence to represent his interest in Parlin markets; (3) to establish industrial fao-
trunk, laid on the floor, (2) a large
respected, and each person is enabled to the protection of the Tuchun's yamen; (9) tive of the jnfernal organization of a
Yor for the person in whom he has conto build main roads, public gardeus. and country, The general and local wars be some brick-shaped, (3) three big wedges, aient. It" monopolizing, bribery, wire tories for the absorption of the poor and the tween the various job-lusters are not of and (4) some very heavy wooden mallets pulling and other kindred corrupt practices auch interess to the ordinary na in The tree trunk is some eighteen or twenty satis elected would not represent the real city wall was commenced on the westora are committed in the elections, the per destitute. The work of demolishing the old China, in one sense, for he considers that fe in length and perhaps nearly two feet will of the people. In such elections no section. This ancient and famous strue his inevitable position is that of one cos in length and perhaps nearly two feet in thing will be left except the name, lot the are consisted of an inner and an outer stantly striving againer official corruption diameter. Its ends are left solid bat for real spirt in connection with such a and it is to some extents master of in the most part its trunk is cleaned ons to clumstances, the people will be disappoint 800 years ago and the later, known as the system will be entirely, lost. In such cirwall, the former having been erected about difference by which particular official hoa diameter of twelve or fourteen inches ed and dissension will creep in upong new city wall, having been built some 300 is to be squeezed. While these statements (a little wider than the railon rings already the different groups of persons, and there years later. The entire structure has now. are true, it is most satisfactors to observe
referred to). For the most part the hollow will be no hope for the country to enjoy been demolished except for a few hundred
peace and prosperity. When we speak Pagoda, in the vicinity of the at the present time the growing feeling that is purely a “blad aller if
yards on each side of the Five-Storeyed inside the tree, of this we are struck with terror. the common-folk, unght to have a say in with merely a shit a couple of inches wide Since the inauguration of the Republic, Gates, which has been left intact. It bas Northern their government, and the growing expres running along the upper surface of the Elaborate measures have been provided that the site hitherto occupied by this two National Elections have been held. been decided by the Municipal authorities sion of that feeling. The day has not yet og to enable the contents of the cavity for the supervision of the election. Special cleat structure shall be atilized for the arrived when these people's rulers are to be seen; but fowards one and of the enactments have also been promulgated modern road, on, which it is intended to construction of a fine, broad, well-made. selected by popular vote; and so in the trunk this slit expands into a wide opes. Roverning the prosecution ainst the lay down tramway lines with a view to meantime men and women carry on their ing changing the character of the centrs mitted in the elections. But in spite of This new main rond will also be sufficiently different kinds of corrupt practices com introducing a modern tramway system. ordinary aventions as far as the wolf-hollow from that of a care to that of a the rigidity of the law. It has scarcely wide to supply a long-felt uced for motor sppointed relors allow them as the
wadely open gully, In other words, while been faithfully enforced traffic, which is now being gradually intro The writer has woently visited a Chinese the cavity itself is of approximately the attention of those concerned that in the men. The width of this road will be from Hence we hereby once more ball the duced into Canton by modern progressive oil-press. In the interior, and found the samo diameter all along, it has at one end coming elections, all the officials in charge 80 to 100 feet, and the entire length about visit of such interest that it is worth no roof at all but for the most part is of the supervision of the elections as well 6 miles. A distance of over two miles in recording. The extraction of oils both by the trough is made with a slight slope and enforce the law with fairness. If conclu macadamized, and the completed road was all but autirely covered in. The floor of as those in the judicial service should the south-eastern section has already been prevare and distillation is a profitable from its lowest point there runs a channel sivé evidenca be found against any person formally opened to jiuricksha and motor- industry of the province of Ewangtung drainage of the expressed all The wholl tribery, wire-pulling, etc., in the commg Cetober. With the completion of this
through, a hole in the trunk's aide for accused of committing monopolising and large amounts of vegetable and essen- of the trough is left several irches thick elections, he should be punished to the road and the erection of more imposing **ear traffic, by the authorities on the 10th tial oils are produced to supply the needs se it must stand high pressure full extent allowed by law so as to res modern buildings Canton will become of the native population, and for export and most cases aide, by see like an well as to prevent corruptions in the clec- Council is deserving of every praise for the late this trough then are put the pre-pect the public rights of the people as very attractive city and the "Municipal" Amongst others the pennut oil industry is enormous ten-dollar, roll, so as to all comtion. very considerable: this oil is used right pletely the covered? poltion of the
progressive spirit it has shown and the and day by all classes of Chinese. Prior some circular wooden plates or blocks large selves would be held accountable for such forms in the face of much ignorant obstruc- press: against the outermost one are laid Let all the officials concerned connive quiet determination and perseverance with at no case of this nature, lest they them-which it has carried out its excellent ro to the advent of kerosene and electricity it enough to the whole diameter of the was the universal source of light, and still prese Against these again, in the "open" options,
tion and almost insurmountable difficulties. retains that function among the poorer shaped wooden blocks reaching from there stem of local self-government is portion, are ranged three rows of brick people who cannot afford foreign oil and last circular block along to the end of primary importance to a Republic. The lamps. It is also used in the kitchen as this open trough three rows of bricks" dates back to the later part of the
the trough
There are thus formed in introduction of this system into this coun- the univerzal frying fat while a very large close akngside one another each row being former"I'sing Dynasty bulk is sent abroad for use in the manu- tightly packed. It is through these that everything in connection with this reform By that time facture of hibricants, and during the last the pressure in exerted to extract the oil was in a crude stage and no appreciable few years, margarine factories have also Into each of these rons is now inserted one result was accomplished. From the late made use of this raw material.
The old-fashioned native oil press is for all the world like a small pile, with this system. It was, however, soon found in his annual report for 1919, just pub. of the big acute-angled wedges--looking Tsing Dynasty the Republic inherited primitive, it is true, but it is reits end wedged instend
arkably effective. In the manufa
pointed.
The that there were many points in this lished, observes:- tory visited, which lies in the peanut iron ring to avoid splitting. A workman 3rd year of the Republic, when the coun- goods, which is merely the symbol of §. upper end of the wedge is bound with an system which proved unsuitable. In the Underlying the boycott of Japan producing area, there was no one onkos one of the huge hammers, and drives try was confronted with chaos and dis weak nation's diaspproval of certain politi slagle instrument used other than of local at one of the wedges until he has forced order, this system was, accordingly, aboca action on the part of other nations, production. The peanuts dug from the it bona has fixing tightly its row of lished. Attempts were made in the 6th there is the leaven of a political force in... ground are first washed free of soil in huge wooden bricks against the wooden plates year of the Republic to restore the system, China which has hitherto been, non-existent. baskets by immersion and shaking to and which in turn pass on the pressure to the but owing to the numerous political up- or negligible in the arena of foreign fro in the river which flows past the en-meal within the trunk. A wedge is now heavals, it has not yet been carried into politics. The man in the street in trance gate of the factory, and are then run into the next tow till that too is effect. spread out over broad concreted yards to firaly fixed. dry in the sunlight. The drying takes five easing takes place in the third row and have always been solicitous for the negli- few occasions "when he has appeared to do
By this means nigh
China
has hitherto taken no interest what or six days before the husks are sufficiently an extra wooden brick can be pushed in gence of the civil administration in the so it has been at the instigation of in- Since my inauguration, I, the President, ever in China's foreign policy, and on the brittle to undergo the next atage, which here, followed by a wedge this being country (sic). Some time ago, the Gov. terested officialdom which has known how consists of husking the nais. The whole hammered home causes in turn greater zuts are passed through a large, mill, pressure upon the only moveable boundary ent promulgated the law governing to represent the question at issue in a light. similar to that used for husking rice, made of the containing spaer, the wooden the system of local sell-government for which reflects on the individual's own pri- of two good sized stones with a basket plates with the ans, meat beyond. So the the sien districts. The Ministry of the vate interests. But a change has come over funuel, as the top through which the nuts first row of bricks is made lick and an Interior has also authorised the provinces China and it does not require a close. can be fed into the space between the other bleer goes in there, the edge again establish institutions to train, men for observer to detect the working of a genuine
upper und the nether millstone."These is driven in, and so on. The three rows
the service of local self-government in | stones being rotated by hand a mixture are successively taken,od with each order to make preparations for the future under the form of a trade boycott.
"public opinion and sense of patriotism of whole nuts, huske, and kernels falls ous wedging more blocks can be added row by As the civil war in the country has come into baskes which are carried away to be row, thus gradully increasing the length to an end and the general situation is sieved over coarse rattan sieres. The whole of af the rows. But the space in which gradually settling down, the Introduction nuts are mostly thrown back along with the whole is contained is limited, and some of the local self-government system should the husks into a heap which is in due thing has to yield to make room for the admit of no delay. Let all the official course again milled and passed through extra blocks; what yields is of course the organs concerned and the chief civil aner sieves so as to separate the busky peanut meal in the covered part of the officials in the provinces make definite fully. The material which passes through trunk. Very great pressure in thus brought preparations until the system is once more the sievas is then put into a mechanical to bear on this meal and its vil trickles inaugurated. separator of simple construction which out, down the channel, through the hole Considering the extensive area of the farther separates the now finely divided in the trunk's side and into a large country, and the difference among the other day, Mr. Shik Shu, the Guardian of In an audience with the President the shells from the nuts proper. The refuse earthen receptacle sunk beneath the door people regarding their educational and the Taing House, informed the Chief from the machine and from the sievings at a suitable place. The press is left at financial conditions, certain allowance is taken cleswhere to be used for fuel in work for about twenty four hours and the should be provided for such state of affairs Executive that the Taing House has a subsequent process of the manufacture. material then removed All the oil is not in the law governing the local sell-govern of the ex-Boy-Emperor Hanan Tung next The nuts are now carried to the pressing however removed by this Arst pressing, ment. The Ministry of the Interior is
decided to celebrate the wedding ceremony," shed, and there are Art pounded by means so the meat is split into thin plates (this hereby ordered to make a thorough study year and that a sum of one million dollars of a very heavy stone pestle in a aballow is rendered easier by the separate, rattan of the local self-government system now and a half is required for the expense of mortar. This again is adapted from the rings encasing it) which are fried for air vogue in the different foreign countries House is short of funds, Mr. Shib Shu ordinary Chinese rice-pounding mill. The few minutes and then the whole again sub and also conier with the provinces Lasked the Government to give what insa mortar is a somewhat hollowed stone sunk mitted to the pressure, and thus much order to make amendments to the laws cial aid it can so as to show good treatment the wedding ceremony. As the Thing Bush with the floor, and the pestle in a extra oil is obtained and regulations already in force, lest they to the Taing House. In reply the Praxi- great stone set on the under side of a Long beam through whose further and enormous. The workmen who attend to A draft containing such amendments should is under obligation to supply funds for The presure developed must be truly should be found unsuitable for application, dent, told Shih that the Government pastes a horizontal axle supported in the wooden blocks and mailets are strong be submitted to us for approval, after the needs of the ex-Imperial House, but Pair of stands about fifteen inch above men, but the mallets weigh anywhero from the ground. The position of this axle is forty to eighty oaties (say fifty pounds which it shall be duly promulgated Ar before he could give any definite promise, such that when at rest the pestle, stone is lying in the mortar, hut when enian stands not sustain work for more than a few hereby instructed to take steps to train Cabinet. The President also advised the to a hundredweight) and so the men can the same time, the officials concerned are he must first obtain the sanction of the on the projecting and of the beam which minutes at a time. This exxody suits the proper, men and raise funds, so that when Taing House to put down the unnecessary, is prepared for that purpose, ad eseries requirements of the machine, which thus laws and orders are once promulgated, expenses as much, as it can in the celebra. also a make-weight stone his weight sa time to squeeze out the oil from the they can be carried into effect without tion of the ex-Boy-Emperor's wedding ceres enally forces a heavy stone high up in meal very thoroughly. the atz, some four feet above the
The oil thus expressed is ready for sale introduction of an efficient civil adminis
delay This will fulfil our hope for the mony-Peking Daily News. Feeding the nuts into the mortar this pestle and the residual meal finds a ready marknetration into the country-
ground. man commences operations by standing up as manure on the bean, and as soon as the barvy.
The whole process
of considerable head is raised up, he steps aside on to interest, illustrating as it does several wonden block of convenient height, thus points (1) the ingenuity of the com releasing the weight and allowing the great trivance (2) its officiency for the purpose tone to come down with much force upon desired and (3) the fact that all neosemary the mute in the mortar. Once more be apparatus is home made. It is an illustra gdis up on the beam, and so continuos, tion of the great inventive power and up and down, up and down, while the organizing ability which lies somewhere in great bend rise and thumps Bow, grind the Chinese people. Probably the applica ing the nuts in a very thorough manner, tion of modern mechanical methods would the operator meanwhile raking the nuts enable the yield of oil per pound of nuta to and fro with a long bamboo rake. This to be increased and probably farther bye tant statement with regard to opium. The Latter job forms his only diversion from products besides fual could be obtained. the monotonus work of standing first off were chemistry to be called in to help. and then on the beam (
But these additions would enormously When the peanuts are sufficiently finely increase the cost of production and the broken up they are transferred to a wide price to the consumer of oil would inevit. bat shallow wooden tub into which they ably rise. Here is however a good ex are pressed by hand and foos pressure ample of Chinese using local labour and This is then inverted over a large shallow local machinery to obtain from local cauldron containing boiling water, and forming product a material of great use thoroughly steamed to make the meal more to the local population; at a low price, and adhesive in Bature. The wooden tub obtaining sufficient exces over local ro lifted in its inverted position and carries quirements to send a confiderable quantity the pantents with it, on toropghly way. If that does not spell good business, tevelled part of the foor, where the tub it would be interesting to know what does
1
OPIUM SMUGGLING - AT
"SHANGHAL
EFFORTS AT SUPPRESSION A FARCE
PROJECTED MARRIAGE EX BOY EMPEROR'S
$1,500,000 REQUIRED FOR WEDDING EXPENSES.
رگاه ها دیدم
AMERICAN FACTORIES FOR CHINA:
We take the following from the Shanghui Gazeite
Determined to compete with the Japanese Uctober, which is published in the Shang mills in China, thereby eliminating trans for trade in China, businessmen in Ame The Police Commissioner's report furrica havo decided to establish, factories sad hat Municipal Cazette, contains an impor. portation expenses and making use of the cheapness of Chidoso labour. The above- Commissioner says that the present efforts information has been coceired by American to suppress the evil are pure fance commercial house In Bhanghai and the Large quantities of opium are being local firms are under instructions to make. smuggled into the Bettlement by trains and further investigation and to report the steamers. He urges the necessity for the possibilities of the scheme, in this drastio searching of trains and boats, also proper supervision in the western provinces turers are now paying particular attention American businessmen and manufac from where it has been proved that the drug to trade expansion in China, which is said comes. Opium smoking in now almost as to be atributable Prevalent as it was before prohibition, and election. According to the scheme, cities the results of the there is no difficulty in procuring the drug in the in whenever it is required. A consequent curable,
where zaw prodpets are-pro-"" increase of orice is noticeable Robbery, Lories, exertion and bribery are rampant.
prises