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THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, TUFSDAY, MAY..." 418,
KOLCHAK DIED GAME."
TRAGIC END OF A GREAT RUSSIAN LEADER.
HOW THE BOLSHEVIKS TREATED HIM.
INTERVIEW WITH A CZECH OFFICER IN HONGKONG.
· “Koltchak died as he had lived a brave man," said a Czech officer to a reporter of the Daily Press yesterday morning on board the Americas, which the reporter boarded, in search of particulars of that great Russian's end. The Czechs who
the sword he had won in honour, would ever be steeped in dishonourt So saying, he throw his golden sword into the The Bolshevist sailors, who had come pro pared to kill him, were unnerved, and ha was allowed to leave the ship unmolested.":
1990.
violence of the Atamans and military BISHOP LANDER'S IMPENDING
authorities, riots and robbing of Govern-
ment property by advances of money, stof. Was call this with a purpose to attract people's services and ideas, nad of what kind ? ̈
11-To what extent were you ready to back your idea of bringing the people to slavery f
DEPARTURE.
FAREWELL LETTER
The following letter is published in St. John's Cathedral Church Notes:
St. Paul's College, 19 The following particular occur
Hongkong, April 1st, 1920. rences and crimes, mark your activity as Governor 1st-The provincial Duma
My Dear Friends-On the eve of m was removed; 2nd-The members of the departure from the 'Colony after nearly Constitutionary Assembly were shot; 3rd thirteen years residence here I feel I mpat
The uprising at Omak and in other places was crushed; 4th-Steps were send a message through the Church Notes taken to pat Siberia or a part of same to thank the congregation of the Cathedral under the supervision of Japan; 6th-and other members of the Church of Negotiation were held to give up a part
In su
to do.
The only other matter that I wish to.
Fund.
It was shortly after Easter when I was
the most munificent and generous gift the
& summarised translation of his replies authorised to sadowner what is probably is as follows-
of territory, evidently secretly, to the England for their many kindnesses to m passed through Hongkong on the American | Of Kolchak'a treatment in Siberian pri
United States or Japan; 8th-The mill and for their forbearance with my many tary and civil independence of Semenoff shortcomings. I ask prayors for the spe had formed part of Admiral Koltchak's son, the Czech officers could not say much. was acknowledged. forces when that leader carried on hene of the Czech privates who was in
In the opinion of more than one of the and for myself that some suitable employs pointment of the right man ne my successor warfare with such success against the Irkutsk during that period was hunted up Creeks to whom our repórter spoke, Kol- Balsheviks, with Omsk ne his pentred, he explained in Rossian that the Bol- he answered the Bolsheviks catalogue of sad brought before the officers. Question- chak knew that his end was near even if
ment will present itself. Wherever it - When the Allies stepped into Siberia, and
I hope it will be possible for me to render the French General Janin became Comevista did not treat their distinguished questions in the most satisfactory manner. ball always esteem it a great privilege some service to the Church out her, sa mander of the Allied Forces there, he
prisoner with any more deference than any At any rate. Kolchak pretended to reply one else. ordered the Czechs to detach themselves unbending attitude, and treated his cap doing, however, be omitted to refer to
Kolchak maintained a stiff, only to the first Eve questions. from Koltchak; and begin the journey to iors with lofty contempt," The Bolsheviks several points in these questions and made mention now is The Chater Endowment Vladivostocic. Although the Czech as a appointed a Commission of Inquiry into passing reference to one or two matters in body had come to respect Kaltchak the his case, and this inquiry framed a num the questions which he left unanswered. order of the Allied Commander had to be ber of questions which they required the obeyed. The sudden weakening of Kal-imprisoned ex-Admiral to answer at chak's military power gave the Bolshevik | the opportunity they wanted, and they attacked Omsk, forcing Kolchak to eva cuate.. This was in the latter part of November, 1919. For a time Kolchak way in danger and he reached temporary safety when, thanks to certain, Czech officers, he again joined the Czech troops near Irkutsk The Bolsheviks demanded the morronder of Kolchaks and the Czechk at first refused. Admiral Kolchak might have been living to-day if General Janin had not overraled that refusal The Czechs were ordered to hand Kolchak over, and the Bolsheviks put their prisoner into a filthy gaol at Irkutsk -
2
Much has been said of Alexander Yasi- liovitch Kolchak both by his friends and his adherents and by his detractors. Czech officers, with whom our reporter, talked. said the impression in Siberia during all the time they were there was that if Kol- chak triumphed, there would bave been resumption of the Taarist regime or fome- thing very similar in character, & fear Jess man. they said, and one who come nanded respect. Most of them had heard of Colonel Ward, who lost no time in tell- ing the English people that those who called the Russian leider a reactionary were simply drawing upon their imagina tions and prejudices. Perhaps the most interesting pen picture of Kolchak was from an American lady married to a Bus sian. Princes Cantacuzene, who said:- "Kolchak is still quite young. about 45
clean
with shaven
face strength and striking for ita vigour of expression, neither hand some nor ugly, otherwise. He is of thin wiry build, with few hat positive gestures; moving quickly. Not much of a talker, hnt what he says commands Instant tion, never trying for popularity boalways finds it seemingly. Severe towards what ho thinks wrong. He gives complete protec. tion, devoted service to what he thinks is right; always ready to carry responsibili 'ty, never mixing in what be considers not hig business, a natural leader of men, is Alexander Vasiliovitch Koltchak."...
الله
atten
ance",
The questions were as follows.
1.--What are your two given munes, surnames, religion, year and place of birth, names, condition and class of society, and title of your parents and their family position ?"
9.-Your education, school, place, time and progress of samei
3-Your services, where and when they began. how long continued, and what results
4.What was the political attitude of your family? What was same at your maturity, and what is it now? What wa your political activity prior to 1917- your relations to the Monarchy, Dynas- ty, and the ex-Emperor Nicholas II !".
·B-What was your political activity in 1917, your attitute toward the Febru ary Revolution, the temporary govern ment, and in general, particularly toward Lvoff. Guchkoff, MiluFof, sad Kerensky, your attitude toward the nov formation of the temporary Government from May to August, toward Tzerctalli, Chernoc, Korniloff, Alekseieff, Kaledin and the Officers' organisation, the Octo bay overthrow alid its activity 1 "Where were you abroad! What were your Washington and Tokio? By whom were lations with London, Paris, New York,
you financed ?
6-Explain your return 'to Russia in 1918 giving route, experiences, ideas and suggestions received, resources, etc. 1 Your attitude toward Horvath, Krupen sky, Koogonsheff, Denikin, Semenot, and Papang. Your negotiations with above-mentioned persons and the Japan ese representatives. Your plans io Japan and in Harbin. What was your policy to the Eastern Siberian Commis sariat, the Derberoff Government and the Primorso “Zemfitoe 1 Explain your negotiations with the military re- presentatives of Semenoff and Japan. Why did you then decide to leave for Omsk 1
My intention was to save Siberia from Churches of this Colony have ever receive Bolshevism by the establishment of aed. Sir Paul Chater, on the fifty-sixth just Government--each man to repredaniversary of his landing here, arranged" Bent his own class composed of re presentatives of all classes.
to present the sum of £80,000 to form two The men who surrounded me and in endowment funds of £25,000 each, “the whour I had faith I made the Chiefs of interest upon one to be paid in perpetuity my Departments. To my sorrow, I now say that those iren were led by personal
to the Cathedral Church Body," the purposes, or worked, for the material, ad- interest upon the other, to the Vestry "of vantage of their class. They did not St. Andrew's, Kowloon..as endowment for study the needs of the grant mass of the the support of the Clergy, upkeep of the people of Siberia. They forgot the needs of their brothers and sisters in remem Churches and such other general purposes bering their own needs.
This action by the men under me Church Body and St. Andrew's Vistry! connected with, these Churches as the. when I was engaged in the war against
[
my national enemies, caused great dismay in their discretion deem advisabloi content among the masses of the people The two funds are to be known respectively in all the Provinces.
leaders in Omsk, on November 18th, Chater (St. Andrew's Church) Endow The killing of the nine. Socialist as tho "Chuter (Cathedral) and the 1918, at the time when I came to govera, ment Fund." It will be seen that at a per was not ordered by me. It was the fulfil-
ment of a long standing revenge by the cent, the interest on such a princely sum Chief of the Police at Omsk.
will be £1,250 per annum for each of the
I tendered my condolences to the families of the men who were killed, and Churches. The two Bodies met and passed. promised to punish the guilty ones." votes of cordial thanks to Sir Paul Chater Because my Government was convinced for his splendid benefaction. In these that Bolshevism can never become a crea- tive power in Russia, we were obliged all Church people must heartily concur. frontier against the Bolshevist legion. to use all our menna for firing the Both these Churches receive, each year
was necessary, in the interests of
liberal support from the present genera
the country, that we should quieten all tion of well-to-do worshippers; that, supl anti-Government feeling, and combat port must not diminish, but the Churches. These displays were caused by the anti-doubtless be more free seats and addi- any displays against "the Government will do much more work. There will
Government agitators.
I was forced to send punishment tional Clergy employed, so that the Euro- expeditions to combat the spread of pean community in this Colony will be feeling against recognised authority.
I always ordered the "panishment better shepherded. Additional organish. expeditions to behave cirilly to the tions for the strengthening of Christian population, and to use their weapons Faith and conduct will be possible and if only when they were forced to do so.
I regretted to find that the leader Churches which the donor desires and the endowment is the blessing to these of my punishment expeditions" lack-expects it will be bound to lead to the ed responsibility. They treated the evangelising and aplifting spiritually, population badly, especially the pet socially and intellectually of tons of 7-What was your activity at Omakaant classes, whom I had intended should thousands of Chinese for whose benefit we before you seized the Government as the
serve as the backbone of my stable British hold this Colony and sojourn here. Government representative of all the I was aware of this rich endowment when supreme Governor: your resources and. attitude toward the Samata Govern- peoples in the different Provinces. meat, the Ufa conference, and the Direc
on Easter Day I expressed the hope that The worst behaviour to the peasant the time would come when the congrega torium? Your policy to the Siberian
classea was by the expeditions led by tion of the Cathedral and St. Andrew's Provincial Duina and to the Siberian| General Krasilaikor and by Captain Church would be in a financial position Provincialists? Your acquaintances and
Burow. When their depredations wore and would have the missionary keenness to connections with the political factors in reported to me especially that they support all the missionary and educa Siberis ? Give the history of your
made requisitions of everything they tional clergy at work in the Colony acquaintance with the members of the wanted- punished these men in July, thus relieve the overburdened. Church Siberian Government, especially with 1919, and issued orders that no crimes Missionary Society from the strain of Kologodoff, Mekhalloff, Petroff, Ghine
should be committed against the poorest evangelising so rich a Colony etc. Explain how you joined the
classes. Biberian Government za War Minister. Your activity a such. Your attitude towards the Czechs, particularly Berovi and Gaida. Your relations with Boldy- reff, Kappel, Ivanoff, Binoff, General Pepelacft, your attitude toward the democratic organization of the army, and the fraternal discipline of the Czech
I made a choice of Dictatorship because of the new Church Hall to some extent re- This rich endowment and the building I recognised that in the disorder brought lieve my sadness in leaving the Colony. I about by the Revolution, it became neces hope the excellent ample set by Sir sary that there should be a strong Paul Chater and the anonymous donor of Government, concentrated in one person. 230,000 for the Church Hall will be follow- My intention was that my Dictatorshiped by others, as there are still funds con- should only be a temporary one, till nexted with the work and mission of our fixed conditions allowed the gathering Church in this Colony which need large of a National Committee,
sums of money both for buildings, endow This reply-Admiral Kolchak handed to ment and equipment. the Commission of Inquiry one day in the last week of January. With that stern sincerely,
Commending all the work to the bless- ing of Almighty God-I am, Yours most
8.When, were, and under what cir cumstances did you get the idea of the ons headed Government in Biberia Who were the supporters of same at Omak, Siberia, Manchuria and in the news that sat so well on him, Kolchak Far East Where, when, and who had refused to make any further communica the intentions of turning the Govern ment: "over to you. change?
realization of the one-headed Gopera-
Did your policy tion. He was sentenced to be shot, and IN the sentence was carried out in the dull
G. H. VICTORIA HONJEONG.
RUSSIAN DOCTOR ROBBED.
9. What was the original plan, and light of a cold morning outside the prison. CHINESE SNATCHES FOUNTAIN.
ment in Siberia 1 Who was the author squad of six soldiers was marched in
One of the Czech officers to whom our reporter chatted over breakfast on the American told of Kolchak's bravery when the revolution broke out. Kolchak, pro-army? moted Admiral after his defence of the Riga Gulf was given command of the Black Ben Fleet The revolution took the Black Sea Fleet by surprise, but Kolchak met calmly the deputation of Bokhevist milors who waited on him on board, the Flagship in Sebastopol He received them on the deck of his flagship and listened while they told of the teaching of their brethren from Kronstadt. There new law, that the Commanders was a were to be elected by their subordinates, and were not to carry arms. Would he therefore surrender his sword to the com mittee? Koltchak undid his sword quietly with a quick gesture, and holding is still in hip band be made one of his rare speeches, fast a few words. His sword had been awarded him for his action in defending the home country at Port Arthur. It had been offered him by the committee of the Order of St. George, and
of same? From whom did you learn of from another part of the town. They did this plan? Who were the executors of
PEN:
Dr. Kamenietaky a Russian, appeared and
the plant Leaders and inspirers 1 Did not know they were shooting the man who at the Magistracy, yesterday, the foreign representatives takes any had spent three years in endeavouring part in, and who are they Did you according to his own lights, to bring about know the executors, leaders and inspirere
charged Chinese with snatching a fountain pen belonging to him.
Complainant said he was walking along his fountain pet, rao away. Witness gave Queen's Road, Central, with his wife when defendant came up to him and snatching chase and defendant dropped the pen and
plished: Which of the ministers took a Kolchak was calm to the end. Clad in a of the overthrow before same was accom Peace, and order in disordered Bussia part in the preparation and carrying heavy overcoat, he faced the soldiers with out of the overthrow plan? What was folded arms. He never faltered as the tried to escape. He was, however, stopped how the of of them who did not whole rang out. His last mormone wat by a Chinese constables,wever,
regard to the members of Directorium if trying to cover his face with it. were the intentions of the conspirators convulsive movement with his left hand, as against defendant he was sentenced to As there was previous conviction. personally? Whose ides was it, to judge
One three months' hard labour.
the the Ministers
A
the intermediate executors of this plot Czech told our reporter that a Bolshevis
10. What was your action as supreme
officer dug his bayonet into proste Governor. Did you alone change the body, to make sure that Kolt, was dete system of administration and organic The shooting of Kolchak was followed tion of the army, or did some one else
was the Golden Sword given for bra MARA
in battle It was too fine a thing to be handed to lot of cowards who wore afraid to stand up for the principles of
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unit, but were being tyrannized, by bullies, come from offtaide, into doing things they would later regret. Did they believe that
do it? Why was the power of self-int of his Chief Staff Officer, whose he government aupressed and the power of haviour was in strange contrast to that of administration and the district manage
ments increased? Why were the civil his chief. He grovelled at the feet of accret service departments and civil the Bolshevik officer, and disclaimed all fences formed, people shot, village
connection with Holchak. //He
burnt people flogged, and on the other hand the Government did not notice the when lying on the groun
RICKSHA-COOLIES ATTACKED
TOOT-PADS AT NORTH POINT
midnight on Friday, two ricksha returning from Quarry Bay to
were attacked by four men neare uen gardens, Two of the men iyen and two bamboo pole The victims wore
3 to en
cool