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BRITISH SHIPPING
DEAD HAND OF CONTROL
-"
RECORD GROWTH OF AMERICAN MERGANTILE MARITIME,
..
under partial decontrol, had been able pro- JAPAN'S INEFFICIENT PUBLIC |JAPAN'S MOTIVES IN SIBERIA,
SERVICES.
RENEATH CRITICISM AND.
CONTEMPT."
• GOVERNMENT AND SPECULATION FEVER.
portionately to resume its old" stealer services, to re-establish its trade connec licas, to place orders for new tonnage and equip itself for peace trade with sur Was it prising enterprise and energy. not reasonable, therefore, to conclude that At the annual meeting of the Chamber the sooner all war-time control wa YDY- of-Shipping of the United Kingdom at from British trade and industry the Skinners Hall. Dowgate street, Lin-quicker would the country into it normal stride and return to its old pro- don, recently, Mr. W. J. Noble, the pre-sparity No one was more alive to the sident for the ensuing year, who was in the present position than Sir Joseph Macias annual meeting of the Robe Foreign Board chair, dwell, in his presidential aldress, as and thou associated with him. Let the of Trade, said, in the caure
other departments follow his lead and address: did subsequent speakers, on the deadening realise that ander normal "conditions, the effect of Lovernment control,
ann of affairs was a safer guide than an army of clerks,
of one man who has the courage-one was aimout tempted to My
ed in and understood the business.
ARMIES OF OFFICIALS.
-}
100%
AMERICAN COAL PRICES.
+
Mr. E, R. S. Edwards, presiding at the
"TO ENCIRCLE MANCHURIA AND KOREA WITH RING OF BAYONETS."
Commenting editorially on the Japanesä military coup of April 4th and 5th, the Dhalaevostochnale Obasrenie, says"in a res ent issue:-
the
The simultaneous attack by Japanese in the three cities of Vindiv
uf an stock, Nikolsk and Habarovsk is proof
sufficient in itself of the untruth of th The most noticeable change during the Japanese statement that the seizure of year was the continuous advance in the Vladivostock was by way of retaliation for cost of living until prices have now fisen the Bring on "Japanye patrols by the Everybody has been Russian soldiers at Vladivostock. Coupled with the fact that the Soviet authorities,
af. Wootay in the course of saran re
as beneath criticism and contempt.
at the very time, were iencing a peace offer to the Japanese Government and thi the labour conference at Nikotsk and the Soviet in many other places had declared the necessity of a conciliatory policy rela tive to Japan, it cannot but throw A shadow of improbability on the statement that Russian aggression was responsible of the Japanese command at Viarivostock for the severe, methods employed toward » the Zemstvo Government of that city.
OPPOSED TO SOVIET SUCCESS.
"Despite the fact that the Japanese militarists said they would hail any so of liberal government that would be able
Every day it becomes more apparent that the Japanese have one, and only one objective. They want to create a spirit of anrest in the Littoral Provinces of far eastern Russia and finally, with this con- dition as their reason, occupy the place permaneatly. Whatever government is in power in the Far East, no matter what its political opinions may be, will be dogs' meat for the Japanese militarists, unless they bury their individuality and subject " themselves to the berk and call of their The Vladiri Nippo Japanese masters. has thus qualified the present Provisional Government and says: The Japanese
they want the Russian Far East that they will be able to encircle Manchuria and Korea with Japanese bayonets."
He said that niter nearly eighteen months of partial peace there was still cause for misgiving and disquietude, bus there was also good ground for hisp and But perhaps the most imminent danger to famin level. optimism. The old racial quarrels of
was she persistent demand for nationalian affected, resulting in great discontent Europe could not be regarded as closed. tian, and in particular the nationalisa-particulely amongst the labouring classes. In terms of finance, the war had exhausted tion of the coal mines. This was only a Strikes have been numerous, and always the victory and ruined the vanquished part of a greater scheme which aimed at ending in wags being increased, and so When we looked at home we could, notwith-what was sometimes called democratisation new Japan cannot claim or show any nd standing our difficulties, regard the future of industry-the transferring to the state vantage over other countries on account In fuct a few days ago with ure degree of confidence. As in the of the conduct of many of the more imot cheap labour. war no country did more than Britain, so portant sources of wealth. The question of there was an article in one of the papers in the first year of peach no country had our coal supply was so intimately bound written by a leading shipping man stating recovered better. Among the many difficult up with shipping that it was impossible to that a Japanese steamer of 10,000 tons problems which the country must solve in discuss the one without considering the costs more to run than a British boat of the near future was that of transport. 1 effect which it must have have upon the the same toamnge
The congestion at the Customs still con- was the predominating factor in the ques industry in which they wore concerned.
American coal, Mr. Noble said,tinues and in fact is worse than ever, and tion of production, and any improvement in the present system would affect the ship being put fren on board steamers at under there appears no prospect of any relief ping industry as perhaps no other measure 30s, per tou, against our present figure of until the extensions are finished. Thefts could. A careful, mature, well-thought-out
I do not hesitate to say that, with from the Custons Compound have greatly policy might do a great deal, but any the present disparity in prices, America increased and to measures seem to have attempt to apply quack antrums or ill taa enpture the whole of our markets, and been taken to prevent them. One instance to establish order and arrange the internal considered panaceas would inevitably result in the last state of transport being worse could even supply Lendon en beiter terms was reported in cartload of caustic soda affairs of Russia so that there would be that the first- Probably the most far than can Northumberland and Durham. being taken away in broad daylight and question of menace to the peace and prom avident now that they looked upon any How is this done! It is not done by it would appear nothing is safe. It is perity of the rest of the world, it is quite teaching and, revolutionary measure affect. ing industry even introduced into the Bri: nationalisation. It is not because the Fery seldom stolen goods are recovered, success of the Soviet, with distaste. The tish Parliament was the Ministry of Wave American miner is paid less than the and whereas at one time the Police usually basis of this contention lies in the fact is the rule. This certainly points to a harmony, had see their house in order in might be congratulated upon the possession" is that in this country only 8 per cent great deterioration in the Police force, the Far East and at the same time had and Communications Bill; and the country British miner, Cae reason-among others hack your property now the upposite that the Soviet and Zenito, watkin fact
of our coal is cut by machinery, whilst temerity-to Amerien cuts 30 per cent, of hers mechani, probably due to the poor pay, which does dong so without armed forces and with partment which is also suffering from tion. By one blow the Japanese mili attempt such a berculean task. Clauses cally." In his view the nationalisation of not attmet capable officers. Another De the good will of almost the entire popula bad been added providing for the appoint any industry, with its attendant Govern serious incapacity is the Post and Tele turista endeavoured to destroy the work graph Offices. The mistakes, mutilations of months and nullify the purposes of tha alteration was made in the existing rates, ruptcy. All objections to State trading and delays in cables and letters have caus-Russian Governments. ment of Advisory Committees before any ment control, was the high road to bank- and before the exercise of any powers given applied to the nationalisation of shipping, ed all business beuses great losses, and by the Act, but he warned them not to hat there were additional difficulties owing until the Government pays wages more on expect too much from Advisory Committe the international character of the indus- the level of present high prices of living. tees; in his opinion they were largely a try and the clamant injustice of what it will be impossible to get intelligent men delusion and a spare. The support which would inevitably follow such a scheme and there can be no improvement,
It is to be hoped the Government will see had been given to other countries by the taxing the. community to provide them limitation of the freights and the direction with what experiencs had proved to be a their way to curb the speculative tendency ** unsatisfactory, Nwhich is rampant, more especially in foods of the vurages of British vessels was still servico which being given. Britain's accessity had been development of the past year. the chair and all necessaries, so that we can look and still was the foreigners' opportunity. man went on to say, had been more re forward to a decrease in the cost of living, Foreign shipowners were still obtaining markable than the adoption of oil fuel for thereby enabling this contry to he still in double, and in many cases far more than marine propulsion, and this might go far the forefront of low cost producing coun-
tries. double, this homeward freights that British to ease the coal situation. owners were paid. Apart from this it wa Coming next to the labour problem. Mr.
simple fact that in many cases steamers Noble said the labour unrest which was so marks, endorsed the Chairman's criticiset militarists wish to have Russian Motton- were only doing from one-half to two thirds prevalent at present was not in itself an of the public services and described them of their pre-war work,owing mainly to the unhealthy sign. He thought be asw.in it congestion of the ports and the complete the first fruits of the education of the
HARE NOT MAKE OPEN PROCLAMAȚION, breakdown of the land transport system; great masses of the people-a striving after
Sir Alan Anderson, in the, discussion, While they dare not openly proclaim o bigher order of life--an endeavour thi and the utter incompetence displayed by the Coal Controller's Department also had raise the intelectual level of the workers spoke on the Board of Trade regulations the occupation of this territory, the mili to bear its share. Prices could not be on to higher planea seeking for a
Although reduced so long as those conditions on-greater degree of comfort and a better with regard to the installation of wireless tary party is engaged in a policy of pre- tinned. State trade, far from being the standard of living, Properly directed it on ships. He contended that the Depart paredness for this occupation.
verlooking the fact that the object was terference in Russian affairs, they are cure, was largely the cause of our troubles.should lead to an industrial condition of went had tray 'led beyond its powers, they have declared their intention of non-
we had hitherto What was needed was industrial freedom, Preater itahility than
to save life at sea and not to promote Devertheless looking for such Togsians a in the moments of temporary disorganira and that the Government should confine dared to look for, provided it was accom-amall talk between ships, What was want they can safely put in power Perhaps, itself to the province of government leaving panied by a full recognition of the fact that was something to call up all ships tion of the provisional government, they the mangercent and development of com- those things could only be permanently within danger-an automatic call signal. expected to and some Russians who would merce to those who had been specially train-secured by intensive production. This in There were three in the market. Some lend their names to a cause baving for its
turn could only be secured by a still higher standard of education for the people and People might think that taking an ope object an attack on the Russian people rator on board was a small tax, but he But no Russian, who has any self respect, It was a profound mistake to underby the free and unfettered use of all had worked out what it meant to DOO or any group of Russians, who have any estimate the wing strength of the Ameri: mechanical appliances and the application vine the Orient Company. If that com- patriotism, will consent to accept cat mercantile marine. It probably would of the best scientific knowledge that was not continue its recent rate of progress, available. It would be a fatal mistake if any could be relieved of these extra men authority from the hands of those, who, but the shipbuilding potentialities of the we did not make the attempt to find out they would be able to have a hundred while protesting friendship, are planning United States justified them in the hope what was really behind all this industrial powered Hankeys with gold sticks, stand their next attack upon the people. that they might ultimately occupy the unrest. It touched shipping at everying ulitside the office all the time. (Laugh- who are working in accord with the mili
ter.) The notion seem absurd, but it was supreme position. They bad now the point, and it was doubtful if any other not half so absurd as filling the ships with
econd largest mercantile marine in the dustry was no inmediately and vitally in- world. In the United States last year over fluenced by it. In so far as it carried men they did not want. (Hear, hear.)
Sir William Raeburn, M.P., said the 4.000.000 tons were launched, and they had wth it a demand for nationalisation Board of Trade was not out for a merely already accumulated eagoing fleet of was mischievous, and in its "development fanciful purpose. Their sole desire E 4.773,000 gross tons, as compared with
He thought the little over 2,000,000 in 1914. The rise of along those lines it would, be thought; in safety of life at sea...
tend eventually to make us all be whether there the world facts of the war and, as ching-laves of an autocratic bureaucracy. The should be one or two operators.
State as a hard task-master and a bad
Mr. Geodge Renwick, MP, said so far was prepared to meet any fair competition The worker must be given some incentives in could see there was no sign of im- poverishment' in this couinry at any rate. with which she might be faced, but no one other than a lofty altruism. There had We had come out of the war probably could regard the present policy of the
been many interesting suggestions and at Enancially better off than any other coun- United States Shipping Board or our own Dominions as Fair competition. At present tempts made in this direction but the most try, and it was for us to take full adran it would appear as though the policy of hopeful experiment that he had seen wastage of the opportunity each war to build up a mercantile marike the Priestman scheme of co-operative pro at any cost relying upon the national duction. It seemed to him to offer. a Puise to make good any deficiency, and solution of our immediate dificulties and that was a serious menace to all private to travel a long way in the direction that enterprise. He hoped that America, as well we must go. The basis of the principle was It was one which a Australia and Canada, would speedily economically sound. find Lord Inchcapes to save them from so operated justly for employer and employ od alike, it violated no trade union prin- disastrous a course. -
Control of trade and industry had been ciple; and it had been welcomed by lém- and injurious to the whole British public pected to have it under the heels of the a huge failure. "Witness the present nloyed where it had born in operation. chaos in the coal trade, the muddle of the The adoption of the system had successfully railways, the hopeless tangle of the whole removed that wall of suspicion which had
Mr. Robert Mason, M.P., supporting transport system, the anomalies of shipping kept the two great forces of production so
direction, the complications of food con- long apart, had established a feeling of the resolution, said that in his opinion the JAPANESE POLICY IN SIBERIA trol," said Mr. Noble. We have now had mutual confidence between employers and antidote to nationalisation was de-control. nearly five years of Government control employed, and had resulted in an incrpas He mentioned that in the Bristol Channel CABINET DISCUSSES SITUATION. and management of businesses. Some of ed output of 40 per cent. for a period of them there were 700 steamers wasting
The Japanese Cabinet will make no us have been behind the scenes and have three years of Kuccessful working. One time
Mr. George Manwick urged shipowners change in the policy toward Siberia a been the victims of the soul-destroying and of the abiding lessons which the war had paralysing system that seems to be insepar- taught us, the chairman concluded, was to point out to the people of the United announced on March 31st, when ther able from Government control. What are that our shipping was not merely an aggre-Kingdom that they were not to blame for Government stated that it would withdraw its characteristics, 1 Government control is gate of carrying vessels employed in trade the rise in the prices of commodities. It its troops as soon at the Czechs were ovacuated and conditions in the territory This is but one of the many unique features of the HAMMOND TYFEWEITER
always extravagant and wasteful. It de to make profit for their owners, was not was control that ran prices up.
adjacent to Korea and Manchuria Let f demonakeste to you Ita further advantages.
Messrs. BREWER & CO., It is self-antisfied. It acorns advice. was a necessity to our national existence.
stroys all initiative. It stereotypes media merely a valuable commercial asset, but The resolution was carried,
Sir Kenneth Anderson moved a resolo longer menaced the peace of those co- The cost in infinitely more than the If the nation were to be adequately fed.tion deploring the participation in intertries.
This is understood to be the decision, owner's margin of proft and the cost of if trade and exchange were to flourish, and national cominorce of State-owned mer reached by Premier Hara and his Mini management combined. What ought to go employment found for our myriad workers chant fects as constituting a menace to to increase of wages is spent on whole we must have ships. The general mass of the future peace of the world" "I regard ters in a Cabinet meeting held on April armies of officials, whose main duties are the public should regard the enterprising every point of trade contract between Reports were submitted at this meeting to work the oard index system and to shipowner not as a grasping profit-bunter, Governments," he declared, "as a point by General Tanaka, Minister of War, and prepare statistics. It is a very illuminat but as a man with a mission, who had of danger."
Admiral Kato, Minister of Marine. The ing fact that those frades and industries soul above his bank book, and who believed Mr. R. Mason esconded, and the ro Cabinet, however, decided to postpone a which have been wholly released from con- he was bonestly doing his duty in his consolation was carried.
Sin, Frederick Lewis moved the follow stock until reports are received by the decision on the recent evente ía. Vladivo trol are already on a fair way towards try's hour of need by building and running recovery, while those which still remain chips, at whatever risk. However the uning resolution:
That the nationalisation of any industry that the Government will await reports
Foreign Office. It is considered” likely.... in the grip of State are going from bad thinking. irresponsible public might, re torworse. Shipbuilding was one of the gard him, however much the workers would inevitably result in decreased efficiency from Mr. Matsudaira, diplomatic com first indistries to get rid of its State night suspect him, the verdict of history the industry and in world, to the pre-missioner, who has just returned to Vladi. shackles, and what had happened in 12 would ring down the ages that it was the judice of the industrial domestic consumer vostock from Tokyo. months? The difficult change over from patriotic and whole-hearted co-operation of and to the detriment of the community."\ The Cabinet decided that Japan will Experience, he declared, was all against demand full reparation for the losses of war to peace trade had been affected; stand-the British shipowners with the Govern ard chips had been disposed of, private ment that made our victory in the great nationalisation, and he instanced the Post the Japanese at Nikolaiek as soon as contracta reinstated, and an output of war possible. Shipowners had played no Office telephone services. Under full reporta have been received. 1,020,442 tons had been attained, while inconsiderable part in giving a favourable State bureaucratic control stripping rates there were now 2,994,000 tons on the stocks, turn to the wheel of our Empire's destiny would go up, and domestic and industrial as compared wiwth: 1.880,000 tons at the and had helped in the making of that consumers would suffer because of the in- end of 1918. A similar experience had niche" where the story of the British Em- orased price of all commodities attended ship repairing mince its release pire would and its abiding resting-place in May last. Even their own industry, in the temple of history-(Chesne.),
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CONTROL AND NATIONALISATION. Bir Owen Phillips, M.P., moved a re, solution expressing the opinion that the continuance of Government control of im- ports, the coal industry, shipping, freights, and prices was prejudicial to the domestic and international trade of the country
Sir William Seagor, M.P., secondod," and said the sooner we got back to pre-war conditions the better it would be,
*
יי
Mr. Howard Glover seconded, and the resolution was carried.
Bozanov and Verigo are the Russians
ary party of Japan. The thing has beet so open that even the Allies have found it, necessary to protest against the methods adopted and the unwarranted attack upon the Russian people."
"
RETREATING FROM INITIAL STAND, Ǧ Closing the tirad, against the action of the Japanese military fores in Vladivo stock and all Siberia, the editor says:- "The preamt line of action on the part of the Japanese authorities is one of treat from their initial stand. They in- form the Russian people that in view of the very conciliatory attitude of the Zemstvo Government toward Japan,. affair of April 4th and 5th must be regard ed ca very unfortunate.
The Russian people will not, however, be duped by any such stupid utterances and pharisnical declarations of regret Their answer to this will be an increased support of the Provisional Government which the Japanese endeavoured to render powerless by an attempt at robbing it of all military force. In this way they ex Japanese militarista":
14th.
According to the Manchester Guardian there are 2,000,000 superfoods women” `in England.