THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, THURSDAY,
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TERRITORIAL ARMY AND IMPERIAL SERVICE
PIVOT OF MILITARY SYSTEM.
The Territorial Force has ended in s blaze of glory. In its place comes the Territorial Army, “a reak army organised like the Regular Army," and full details are now available of the scheme approved by the Cabinet for the foundation; and administration of this body of citizen sol- diera. Here are its principal features:
It will be organised in fourteen divi sions, approximating as closely as per sible to the Regular divisions of the Army, with army and corps troops to correspond, and complementary cavalry
·formations composed of yeomanry units It will be the normal moans for the temporary expansion of the Regular Army in any national emergency, and "for this purpose the cadres of the four teen divisions will be preserved intact as the framework of any national mobilisation."
It will be no organised as to support the Regular Army effectually in a war too serious for the Regular forces · to meet.
Its total war establishments will be 345,000 mery, But, until otherwise ordered, enlistments will not exceed 50 per cent, of this number. à
Recruiting commenced on February 18th One of the principal points of public discussion during the period in which the Bathorities have had the scheme under review has been the acceptance of an Im perial service obligation by the members of the now force. The position with re gard to this matter is made perfectly clear in the official summary of the scheme. It it is there set out that:
The purpose for which the Territorial Army is constituted is imperial defence, and this necessarily involves the "com tingency of employing officers and man of this army outside these islands in the event of a war breaking out in any part of the world For this purpose it is essential that officers and men of the Ter itorial Army should accept an imperial service obligation, subject to the following
conditions?
MARCH
GOLD FROM LEAD,"
THE NEW ALCHEMY PROFESSOR SODDY'S PREDICTIONS, Some remarkable predictions are con
tained in Mr. Frederick Soddy's "Science and Life" (published by Murray), Mr. Chemistry an Oxford, and is famous for Boddy is Le Professor of "Physical his researchen into the nature of the ele menta, and particularly into radiem, and its cognates.
He says: The discoveries in radio- activity have shown that in the smallest atoms of maiter all around us there exist stores of energy a million times greater than any so far harnessed.. Limitless physical power awaits humanity so soon as the knowledge that shall lead to its control and application has been obtained ** How many unrecorded ages elapsed before the energy of fuel was controlled and in how short a space of subsequent time has it altered the whole mode of life of the world! Given 'a' clear course and that most rare of national qualities, com mon sense, physical science can abolish the struggle for existence so far as con- carus food and fuel,
Ho bolds, too, that the moon cannot bo really dead. It is in the present state physically dead world-that is to say, of physics impossible to conceive of d
world without any available source of energy The people who have gloomily asked what will become of mankind when the human race has burnt up its coal are thus told that it would be ridiculous to despair.
ALCHEMISTS OUTDONE,
The new science has revealed elements which pour out energy, force, and beating power for interminable periods with no apparent reduction in their activity.
Professor Soddy has much to say of queer elements and strange atoms and of the alchemist's dreams of turning base metal into gold. There was nothing ex travagant in them: elementa can be trans muted into one another, or could be if wa could slightly vary the atoms in them.
To get gold from mercury," he saYS, expel from the atom of mercury one beta-particle, which will make thallium; then one alpha-particle, which will turn the thallium into gold. Or, to get gold from lead, expel from the atom of lead one alpha-particle, which will turn it into mercury, and proceed, as before."
It sounds like a receipt from a cookery. book, yet investigators are working along these lines, any day we may hear that some of them bave succeeded. Indeed, there have already been reports--not yet; verified of such success.
(The Territorial-Army may be "embodied by Royal Proclamation simultaneously with the calling out of the Army Reserve in case of national danger of great emergency, the occasion being first communicated to Parliament, if Parliament be then sitting. If Par liament be not sitting, it must be called within ten days for the purpose. That is to say that, although the calling out of the Army Reserve and the embodi ment of the Territorial Army (on mobilisation or otherwise) must in cor- tain contingencies be an immediate act of the Executive Government by means of Royal Proclamation, Parlament will have an opportunity of considering (within ten days at the latest) whether a national emergency has arisen of so serious a nature as to justify the cm- bodiment of the Territorial Army,
(f)-Officers and men of the Terri torial Army cannot be sent out of this country (except they volunteer) l An Act of Parliament authorising their despatch overseas has been passed That is to say, that, while all officers and men of the Territorial army will accept an imperial service obligation as part of their terms and conditions of operative, in the sense of compelling World. this obligation will not become
any of them to go overseas, until Par liament has passed a special Act autho rising their employment overseas.
(it.The Territorial Army, when include not only the protection of an en- embodied by Royal Preclamation and orged Empire in an unsettled state of the despatched abroad by Act of Parlia world, but also the succour of our Allies, ment, will not be used for the purpose France, and Belgium, in the event of n of supplying drafts for the Regular police" datigs of the Empire, including
fresh outbreak on the Continent. Army. They will serve together as regimentel or corps units, and, if oppor- any mere frontier outbreaks, will, of course, tunity ariser, as brigades and divisions be dealt with by the Regular Army. But, That is to say, officers and men of the to deal with any considerable war arising Territorial Army, when embodied and out of the increased Imperial obligations in despatched overseas, will serve in their questica, the Regular Force will require the own units with their own comrades, and Prompt support of a properly organised, their Territorial Force formations will trained, and equipped Second Line Force. not be broken up for the purpose of If Second Line Force, adequate to bring supplying drafts to units of the Regular such a war to an early and successful con- Army
clusion, can be raised on a voluntary basis of enlistment, the contingency of having to mobilise the available maa-power of the nation by the passing of a General Military Service Act becomes more remote. The pre- to provide the necessary Second Line to the sent scheme is a practical and logical scheme
Regular Forces on a voluntary basis.
If ever, it is pointed out, the nation does again have to mobilise its entire män- power in a struggle for bare national existence, the Territorial organisation will be the main organisation for this pur pose, and no question of emergency, or Saniution of new armies” should arise.
"... 14-MINUTE ELEMENT,
Not less extraordinary is it that there are elements which live only minutes or days; thus radium-A has an existence of 4 minutes and 20 seconds; while there are other elements which perish after a far longer lifetime. Uranium in 6,000 mil lion years is decomposed into lead, but as it decomposes it passes into ekatantalum, which lives only a minute and a half but is also an element. It seems revolutionary to think of solid, hard metals as possesed of something dimly resembling life, but in view of these processes and changes our ideas about them must be revised,
Professor Soddy does not love the politicians, and be warns the world of the dreadful fate that would befall it were science to be subject to them He has great hopes of Labour, and he believes that it may help mankind to the New
(iv)-When in the stress of emergency a man may, as a purely temporary, mea sure, be attached to a unit other than bis own, he will be reposted to his own Territorial Force unit as soon as pos aible.
(v.)These conditions of service for the Territorial Army will stand, unless modified by Act of Parliament.
..
The
WHAT HERVICE MEANS, AN The national importance attached by the Government to the reconstituted force
PAY AND BOUNTIES. Men accepted for the new Territorial Army must be fit for general service and between the ages of 18 and 39, save those taken for certain specific units, and the period of enlistment will be three years for all who have served over six months during the war, and four years for others The training will be the sams na before is held by the Cabinet to justify the in- the war, with additional facilities for creased financial provision contemplated attending courses of instruction, and itke for it in the Army Estimates. Mr. pay and allowances, including any sopara Churchill, who addrased the representa- tion allowances, will be full, current Ratives of the county associations upon the gular Army rates, and all will receive scheme, said that the object, which would rations on the prescribed peace scale, with of the Territorial Army reality in every be steadfastly pursued me the making measing allowance in addition..
Further, there is to be the following system of in- respect The Covert was in a post- tion to arm and equip it in the very best manner known to modern science, and it would be supplied with divisional - and brigade commanders among the most effi
creased bounties up t
Completion of f :
days
camp, in addition to compul sory drills and musketry
£10 18. per drill up to a maximum
of B0..
210. Firing annual músketry course 0-10 Performing fifty drills (other than recruits), firing annual musketry course, and complet ing full period at camp
to:
Total (trained man) Total (revrnit).
1
26.0
of the younger commanders of the British Army, as it emerged victoriously from the war, The new force he said, will cost two or three times as much as that of pre-war days, and he warned his hearers that if it was to spring up into life and vigour. it must be on a real, and not on a sham, basis
The Secretary for War made no attempt to conceal the fact that if an emergency, arose and the Regular Army and its ᎢᏅ serves had hastened to the theatre of wir the Territorials would be the first to
The considerations which have led to the constitution of the Territorial Army in this form are thus set out in the official summary of the scheme already refer follow Men must act with their eyes open, free from the veneer and camouflage mult of the exp
experience of the late of the Victorian era and be ready to war, and the conditions of peace now des move within a very few months, or even that these islands will be subjected to the tary system. Mr. Churchill reminded his risk of the landing of hostile force for audience. In a few weeks the last of the many years to come... Bat, if our mili. conscripts will have left. But behind fary requirements for purposes purely, of
the voluntary Regular Army must be the Loma defence has been reduced as the organised aid of their citizen comrades, Llans have been increased. These obligations, cevated themselves to upholding the tre result of the late war, our Imperial obligand it was to those of our countrymen who surely, steadily and unwearyingly, (Continued at foot of tiezt column.) greatness of the British Empire that the
Territorial Army-mude ita appeal
faitely settled, it is exceedingly improbable weeks. We have returned to the volun
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England
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