THORNYCROFT
JOHN L. THORNYCaors & Co., LIMITED,
SHIPILDERS AND ENGINEERS,
LONDON, SOUTHAMPTON AND BASINGSTÒKI.
Shanghai Ofice 65, Szechuen Road.
MARINE MOTORS AND MOTOR BOATS. MOZOR LIGHTING AND PUMPING SETS. SHALLOW DRANT STEAMERS. THORNYCROFT AL FUEL SYSTEM.
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THORNYCROFT WATER-TUBE BOILERS. THORNYCROFT MOTOR VEHICLES.
Our Mator Engineer sål var Naval Architect," "both Thornycroft. experts, now resident in Shanghai, will give attention to all inquiries.
Early deliveries can be made of 18-bhp. 30-b.b.p. 15-bhp, soď 70.bb.p. Kerosene Marine Engines.
RR ROXBURGH,
Manager for China.
New Stock
TAR HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, - TUESDAY, DECEMBER 23RD, 1919.
₤1383
ENGLISH BATHS
Just Received
at Reduced Prices
due to High Exchange,
E. WARREN & CO. LTD.--
.
No 30-32, Des Voeux Bood, Central
WESTCO LIGHT.
1680
A self contained neat and compact lighting plant of 13 KW 32 volts with 90 A.-H. Batteries or 180 A. H. Batteries.
Starts by pressing a button and stops automatically.
Works entirely on KEROSENE and a demonstration can be shown. at anytime at the Offices of the Sole, Agents for China and Indo-China.
UNION ENGINEERING CO. LTD..
Ground Floor, 13, Chater Road,
HONGKONG,
TIME MEANS MONEY
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ALEX ROSS & CO.,
25. Des Voeux Road (entral.
Phone 22
(1463
RUSSIAN CRISIS.
E
then numbered about 2,000 menit dis
* BOLSHEVISK TOTTERING " M. Alexander Gutchkoff, the founder of the Octobrist partyWa President of the Third Dama, Minister of the first Bur sian Revolutionary Gremment, and probably the ablert party politician his country has produced was paying a brief
visit to Berlin where 30 OKTO
by the Daily Telegraphs
the
ing
ON
solved and bustiered, but three small units MPREZA COMERCIAL DO EXTREMO ORIENTE
retained their cobermos. E bese ware the bodies, commanded by Prince: Lieven, Colonel Barmondtad Colonel Vi glitch Prince Lieven's corps eventually joined up with the army of Judenitch, but the other two setled down in Latvia, with Hitas na their main centres.
GERMAN AND KLBERTIEM.
It is at this point that the Germans As M. Gutenkoff has been in closer gerenter into the problen as a bomplicating SODal contact than any other man with factor. It would be a mistake, though ́s the commanders of the forces operating pardonable one, to pect the German against the Red Government, and also Governmen to Bermont. This has been with the up- with the Entente statesmen who are sup- port given to Bermondt. porting their efforts, his opinions have entirely the work of certain captains in value at the present moment, when industry and promiset military leaders special Belabevis seema
be botter.
These
people realised that Spartacism was to fall.
the child of Bolshevim, if not identical Before "I deal with other aspects of with it, and that the outbreaks of dis- the situation, said M. Gutchkoff, "I order in Berlin anl Munich were mast lay special stress or our indebtednessed and financed From Moscos to Great Britain. Without your belp the MILODGESER which we have gained: against the Bolsheviki would have been impoer sible. It would be idlo to deny that many of my influential countrymen have fost faith in the earnestness and sincerity of Entente opposition to Bolshevism, and I have heard very bitter words from them with regard to the part which Great Bri- tain has recently played in our affairs But I always ask them where we should have been without British assistance. It is true that your help has not always been given promptly, and that it has some times not been adequate to the needs of the situation, but I am never tired of insisting that it has, nevertheless, made all the difference, and that without it our armies would not have been able to keep the Geld at all against those of the Soviet Kepublic.
..
BOLSHEVISM'S DAYS SUMBEERD, "You 'aak me what, in my opinjan are the present prospects of the military operations against the Bolsheviks? My own view is that the days of Bolshevism Are numbered, and that next spring, at the latest, we shall witness its downfall. Our cause is prospering best on the south front, where a serioasisetback is no Thanks to Four longer to be feared people, who have supplied General Deni kin with arms and equipment for half a million men, the Southern Army is now
A well-organised, stable, and efficient fight ing force. That its advent is really wel comed by the population in the territory occupied by it is clear from the experience of Kharkoff, where 40,000 volantoars flock
argued that the best way to deal with the Red peril was to stack it at its sourge, and a Bermondt was very uncompromis
in kis hostility to Bolshevism, they decided to back him At the same time, they kept the strings of the purse in their own hands. The industriais vided the fundar and the miksars men doled them out.
Bermond's force was well clothed equipped and supplied, but received allowances only for a few days in advance. Still, it was in this respect A great contrast to the ragged, ill-equip ped troops of Judenitch, and very few of tbe Russian soldiers who were on their way to join the latter staally got beyond Mitau. There were other very substantial inducements, to throw in their lot with Bermondt. His contingent had been long on the spot, and had learned how to make life comfortable there The German sol- diers have parcelled out the Crown domains among themaires, have cultivat ed the land, and have their own focks and berds, They have entered into věry profitable dealings with the Latives. They have established aw-mills to convert the State forests into timber, for which they find a good market. In short, they have set up & State within a State, and early all of them have vested interests in it That is the reason of their re luctance to return to the ascertainties
of life in Germany.
The situation thus created is a very dangeroua one. These men am not actuated by political opinions, in the or dicary sense. What they are out for is their own. well-being and comfort. Un- doubtedly they are at the dispoend of the highest bidder. At the order of the Entente the German Government bas already taken very drastic action to compel them to retum home. The ex- tremest possible pressure is, however, caly
ed to its standard. General Denikin is thus freed from the disagreeable neces- sity of having to resort to conscription, which is always an unpopular measure There were well-founded hopes that he would succeed in reaching Moscow this year, but they are no longer very strong, He bas now to fight against geographical and climatic conditions, which are much more formidable than the Bolshevik gen eralship. Until the spring, operations will be possible only along the lines of roads, and sweeping cavalry movements will be out of the question.
Moreover, of
to bring some 5,000 of the most con- scientious of shem back to subordination. The rest will stay, where they are. They are well provided with arms and ad- munition, and if their food supplies are stopped they will live on the natives. It would be difficult to inggerate the dan
ཀླ
formidable and well-trained body of freebooters of this kind, wander. the vast distances in the region of the ingist large in the no man's land between wrecked railways, which it is impossib
ible the Bolshevik front and the rest of Europe.
difficult.
to repair, render the work of supply very to fight Bolshevism, and are
able
it is not imposible to devise some by which these nCE, who have been
to do so, should be need for the pur pose which we all have in common, In- stead of becoming a curge to the inno cent population that we desire to liberate finally from
sufferings of war."
should consider it a crime to attempt
"Admiral Kolchak's position is not nearly so promising His army" is essen tially a peasant one, and more subject to disintegrating induences than that of Denikin's. He is also short of officers. However, "his situation seems to have ima proved somewhat recently, and, of course, In reply to questions as to the step he constitutes an important factor in the which should be. tazen as soon as Bol- general military problem. The Archangel thevism is overthrown, M. Gutchkoff front is, for the present, a purely second-
said: Personally, I am Monarchist arg and defensive one, and would sequire Constitutional Monarchist-but primary significance only in connection with decided successés elsewbere.
That brings me to the most, como govern Russia in opposition to the plicated and problematical feature of The National Assembly must decide by
wishes of the majority of the nation.- the prezent
the operations of what form Russia it to be governed the
North situation and
North Western Buch an Asserably cannot, of course, be Fronts. The idea of forming a Northern
summoned in an instant Even after front was worked out on Denikin's Staff.
Moscow and
resistance are cer tain to survive in any parts of the coun try, and until they are stamped out 'it would be hopeless to expect fair and free elections. In farounble circumstances, however, the interregnum should not last more than &
few months. During that interval the country must be ruled by a military
dictatorship. Bet this
As a result of consultations with our mili-centres of Boroged are occupied,
tary chiefs and the statemen of the Entente a fourfold plan was evolved. It would be inopportune to state where it various constituents originated, but they were as follows:
(1)The supply of arms and equip ment, which was eventually taken over by Great Britain;
the
* both for the army and for dictatorship must be enlightened and
population, for which the Americans made themselves responsible;
(3)-An anti-Bolshevik coalition of the Baltic States, which war to grozp itself round the Northern Army;
(4)The recruiting of troops among two million Russian soldiers in the ers" campe of the Central Empires.
JUDENITCH'S CHANCES. "
benevolent-liberal in every sense of the word. A return to anything like the old conditions is absalady impossible The Russian people would not stand that We shall, no doubt, have a hard struggle to overcome the reactionery inâuences prison-which, of course, still exist, but I, per- sonally, have no doubt but what we shall succeed From my conversations with Kolchak, Denikin and Jedenitch, all of The first of these four desiderath is whom I' koow well, I am convinced that only now in process of full realisation, and it may be said that the numbers and feared from them.
no favour for reactionary ideas in to be At the outset they strength of Judenitch's army are limited were all merely honest, straightforward
by the equipment and supplies avail.
oldiers, who loved their country, and able. When he commenced his red
recent un now. successful advance on Fetrograd he had they have learnt
little of politic
Since that time the number of more than twice
well-train-
only
good deal about poli-
ed and high-spirited troops than he was, and, having begun without prepos actually able to put into the fighting line.sions, they have formed sound ideas on The lacking equipment is, however, now he subject. Believe me, it would be arriving, and it is possible that he may treat mistake to suppose that any one of make a second attack with much better the old régime rang the restoration of They relic, Russia
theni in
that, whe
ther & Monarchy-1 §. must, in future, be governed with a view to the welfare and happiness of the great masses of the people, and not in the in-
chances of success Foodstuffs were also concentrated by the Americans in com venient, harbours, but the quantity WAL not sufficient, and they have now nearly all been consumed. Owing to local politi.terests of classes or coteries, as in the
cal complications, the coalition of the Baltic States was but imperfectly realis post
ed, and its future effectiveness, will de AGRARIAN PROBLEM
W
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pend Jargely on immediate developments Undoubtedly, the most important m that region. The proposal to recruit matter which presser for prompt. settle troops in the prisoners' camps had to ment is the agrarian question. Here, I encounter a good deal of difference of hm among those who hold that the land opinion. It was thought in super be futile to attempt to take back from whole, but the political benefits will much favour of a Republic, I am prepared
ar. must belong to the peasants. It would Lers that it would be dangerous to them the large estate on these men, who had long been subject
to the demoraling influences of prison / divided among them "hich they have more than counter-balance that One az- 1. abide by its decision.
initiative one of the most active of on the peasants Under Press heavily Here I should retain compact mas of frontiers which shall separate these two
the private mondt, and it
The utmost ception, however, should make to the Finally, there is the vexed que life, and had also, to some extent, been that can be done is to induce them to division of land among the peasants of the border States. In the case of onl exposed to German propaganda In the pay something like reasonable compensa That would be in the case of certain of two of these can there be any question of end, it was decided to take no official tion to the former owners. Neither in the large estates which have been special complete independence. They are of action in the prisoners camps, and what quantity nor kind, however, should the organised for the production of sugar course, Poland and Finland But the
done there, was the result Cof private compensation be such as to
circumstances suficient size, to guaranten efficiency of States from the new Russia have yet to be recruiters was Colonel Ber they must be left substantially better" off
will
perhaps be advisable economically than they were before the thing and maximum of production settled. As for the Ukraine, Esto to give some details of the circumstances revolution. If this done, and if their what were not done the population as Latvia, and Lithuania, it can only
their whole sad the poor se mich, as the said that just as Rassin cannot live wit in which his army was formed. When the title to their new holdings is regularised rich would miter quilo, out of proper out them, they, too, cannot live without Central Empires broke there was still in by the issue to them of deeds, believe Lion to advantage gained by a few Hussin. They must, however, be granted
The Inture Bass must the very fullest manngure of 3 anti-Bolshevik army formed by Count present no insuperable difficulties. The be
State, owned by peasants, sutonomy that is consistenti Keller, who was killed at Kieff. Take the splitting up of the large estates will and governed by passante, My own con- mental national "unity. Mayzl Don krmy of Krasanoff, it depended on
main considerable detriment to the viction is that a Constitutions Monarchy this way, that they must be giv German encouragement sad support economic position of the country sa 9 will be the best form of govemment, but fuller satency than your counte When the German revolution came i (Continued at full of next column.) if the zuajority of the population is in ing to concede to Ireland
xitanosa so-called Russian Northern that the question of compensation Wo