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MR. ASQUITH AND FREE
"TRADE.
AUGUST 11rk,.
1919.
w
14
11
What is the
perfection of your national system ot uerior, both on the side of theury and is the side of practice, is the most pronu- mics and the most fruitful of all förs 101 expenditure (Cheers.)
But there is another class of foreiga goods that come here. It is the great Tulk of them. They are goods that aru manufactured in naine, mahntactured ap to a point, upon, which our cupital and about can be more remuneratively cu pbreti when they are cudcentrated on the inter and more elaborate stages of produc tion. In quet, they are, the "prw" material · which has been partially prepared by the oreigner for application of the finer pro cesses of the skilled labourer of this coh
"Å cormon truite palief." he said, if anyone can find me in this country, two trial processes. We have let the outsider, "would have to be found. Let us leave more full-blooded, unde frated, un-epent- better informed, possessed of more fores fis open dntil we come to it, and let us ant, militant Free Traders than Mr. Raught and mare real in these matters -we CAMPAIGN REOPENED
come to it with open minds. That was siman and Lard Crewe I shall be very have let him, invade country which wa EMPIRE AND PREFERENCE.
for the benet of the disquinted Free much surprised. The Faris conference ought nergy to have lost. The Victoria Hall, Leeds, on Jane Traders, and it seins to have had some took place during the time of the Coali. | remedy 1, Not to set up a tariff which, by 29th, Mr. Asquith addressed a meeting success, for I find that Lord Hugh Cecilian Bioserment, which entwaord, excluding foreign competition, will en (arranged by the National Liberal Feds of all men one of the most convinced and kan, both Free Traders and Tariff Recurage the home Producer to stereotype ration for the purpose of re-opening the ardent of our Unionis, allies in the Fosformers, and we all alike agreed "that is backward and undeveloped processed Free Trade campaign. When Mr. and Frade campaign comparsil this little boop sent to that did not in the last fetter at the cost of the consumer, who will be Mrs. Asprith Appeared they received anf preterential duties to an engagement compliant our complete liberty upon called upon to continue to pay higher though ofthe one side or the other to holland pursue prices for an inferior article. That is ovation from between two and three theuring which was, he said,
Det the Fumudy when ought to commend old Rscal faith, which is an importades to the Inteligence or any British little prinsic value, trendured sand people.
matter. So les ne recall tim exper facts in or wom The main remedy and Mr. Asquith said: Is may be asked, smpton and symbol of plighted love,” why are we here tonight re-opening the Laughter. I do not think that is'a very | The Paris conference was not a provocative the only real remedy is this. Improve Free Trade cutupaign: Is it alleged that Pillustration, because engagements even a spontaneast step on the art our nethods of production, of organi as any ni us who bag much experience of the Allies. It was a reply to a chal.or distribution, and recognise that the Free Trade systems under which nur
of life are aware, pugigenuitt, are some- now for finances have been carried on
Lines brokra pf, qiite irrespective of these thrun down by the Central Powers arlier in the year 1 a conference in seventy years has broken either in peace or
In peace it enabled us to build engagement ring (Laughter and cheers.) Vienna, and which aited.ng establishing in war?
pas art of their belligeren, policy at and which no protectionist astion can disphate honest man, and it implies no want of after the confusion of war, the complete up cocameretal and financial ascendancy Mr. Austen Chamberlain, is a perfectly honesty to administer small doses of
ronomie prerkontinmice, of Germany and dr challenge; and when we came, as we
soothing syrup to those who are craving Austria. dil ve years ago, to a new and a supreme fest, the test of war-the greatest, the to be southed launchter)--but it does not
It was to meet that challenge that the conceal in the least the ultimate, ohjeet of must momentous, the most critical war in
which the minute and almost petti Allies met in waference in tihent, and I the history of mankind-how did our Frestegging proposals are avowedly only the find that in explaining to the House of Trade system bear the strain t I will not
He evoked amidst the t'otumors and I have refreshed my me Erst instrument. by way of answer to that question, give the testimony, for it might seem to be thasiastic sympathy of the Protectionist mory on August 2nd. Dis, these resula
cited that aggressive intenting is the note biased or partial, of any Free Trading of his parts the memory of his distions, I said that a prambh which re singuished father, whe sixteen years ago authority, but I will quote to you the remember it well, for I took part is of the whole proceedings and emphasise language which was used only three or
the controversy demonstrated on count that fact." The view of the delegates to four days ago in the City of London at m
less platforms that there could be no Pru- the Conference was that their delilernery. When by your tariff, by an impor meeting held to float, with the success which we all hope it will meet with, the ference worthy of the tame which didnot tions were defensive and not offensive duty upon these so-called manufacturvil tax both the staple fund of the people and it was a defensive proceding from first sects, you have raised the cost of what I I would never have asked my any elt the secondary raw material, do new Victory Loan, the language not.
our manufactured goods. (Cheers.) His to last.
Free. Tradd colleagues to support the you not see-chanot a child --that you of a partial or prejudiced critic,reply to a description 1 gave of his pro but the language of the present posals the other day at Novenstle as are various resolutions if they had imposed with have inflicted a double-injury-frst, Chancellor nf the Exchequer.
In the increased price paid for the ulti- This is
product by the consumer, and, what he said: "I ask you to remember trumpery affair is quite explicit. He says upon us for any of the purposes in view they are part of a larger policy-(hear, the obligation, direct or invliest, of set that every financial effort, every financis hear) and only to-day we have a most ting up in this country anything in the secondly, in the enhanced exprase of pro sacrifies that we made during those years significant comment upon the statement
nature of a protretive tariff.
duction which will be a new handicap to of war have lightened the burden for from a very high authority my friend
30ur exporting, producer in the outside to-day, that we stand among all the Mr. Hughes, the Prime Minister of Aus
Let me come back to the larger issue.arkets of the world! nations who entered the war at the begin tralia. What does Mr. Hughes say, only What is going to be the next move in the ning in a position of unrivalled credit yesterday? He says, as a Australian, protectionist campaign. I doubt whether and unrivalled financial stability and care anthing for Imperial. Prefer they will have the courage to propore order. (Cheers,)
ence So the engagement ring in his It is very difficult in the face of testi-eyes has no intrinsic value at all. How duties na imported food. I say I doubt it, but I am not very egrtain. My atten mony like that to make anything in the de. I think he goes un, speaking of thestion was drawn the uther day to a resol nature of a direct tatal attack upon, aur proposals that it will differentiate by the passed by the farmers of Essex. But there are ine thou andth part of a hair's breadth What do they say They refuse to pay system of Free Trade. dangers and there are perils to Free the destruction that will overtake British
nore "taxes and rates until competitive Trade which we ought betimes to guard manufactures antes santhing more is producers entering our markets are eruit ourselves against and to frustratr. The done! That is what they are after, and ably taxed, come from where they will. It first and perhaps that which excites the the something more, as we know from Mr. does not matter to the Essex farmer where ast public attention and interest, Hughes's full-blooded rhetoric, we know the wheat which competes with his wheat En be found in the so-called preference that that something more means the instal- comes from, whether from the United proposals of the. Budget of the present tent of a thorough-paced, logical, "enn
States or Canada or even whether i year. Those proposals, as you are well sistent. and coherent system of protection comes from Germany. Come from where I must be aware, ne only give preferential treat (Hear, hear.)
they will his 'dernand is: ment to duties which have long formed,
sheltered and protected against this legi. and indeed have become a permanent part
So that I am not very of our fiscal system, but they extend the
timate intrusion." certain that we are on perfectly safe and solid ground even in regard to imported
*ཎྜ
FULL BLOWN" PROTECTION.'
Well, side by side with all this, we have the oracular, but to my mind someone disquieting, sayings of Sir Auckland Geddes, who has become President of the Board of Trade, and who told an audience the other day-1 quote his exact words that his main function was to watch the
food.
DUTIES ON IMPORTED FOOD.
*
Is there any Fres Trader who is not as anxious as the, muse thorough gome
Protectionist to increase the material reso
mercial intercourse between all its parts, to get as much as we can from our fellow-
surces of the Empire; to develop con-
subjects of that which we ait med? Di course, there is not,,hug there is a right and wrong way of doing it. The wrong.
is to cherrete your Empire by an penetrable ring which excludes trom the foods that could be grown and produced Imperial industry commodities, materials,
better elsewhere. Imperial prviotrace would expose you to constantly recurring feuds and controversies as to whethe Ibis ur that part of the Empire was being Preferred to the others.
In conclusion, Mr. Asquith said: No
try can have lost what we have last in this war and go on spending as we are spending now without hazarding it out future. Cheers. The cartailment of ex- penditure upon all but absolutely uses. aty purposes curtailment wholesale nd even ruthless-is the first condition for us
alleged preference to the new duties in certain classes of manufactured goods in posed for was purposes only which are to be retained at any rate for a time. and no other purposes that we can conceive or anybody can devise except as a pretext for extending the uren of preference. Findustries of the country, and see that pause here to point this out to my fellow-ro-day, not only "ot prosperity but of
Again, I am sure the Protectionist will pot in terms suggest the imposition of
raw material; and import duties on ecuntrymen outside who are being misled is quite true that all these duties, new they or batered and coherent whole. by all this talk about preference. Seven or old, are relatively insignificant, at in ordinary circumstances that might be eights-bear that figure in mind-of our that the so-called preference would be treated as a nebules and innocuous plati. imports from the Empires, including
The circumstances are not ordin- found in practice to be almost if not tude.
ary. Do you realise men of business herendia, the self-governing Dominions, and altogether nugatory.
all the Crown Colonies, seven-eighths of do-do people in the country generally those imports are under one or another Let me give you two illustrations. Take realise that we are at this noraest living this, that is to say, they are either the tea duty. Ninety per cent, nine for the time being under a system which food or they are raw materials. tenths of the tea which we impart, and has become one of fall-blown"protection the area of proposed preference is res- practically the whole of the tea which is consumed by the great muss on our pestrictions upon sune large and important trade which we do inter-Imperially with for certain of Bur industries The restricted at the outset to one eighth of the CIGARETTES sultis is already grown within the classes of injorts were, i agree-i was a our own dependencies.
HAPPY HIT
confines of the shrin Empire. To give a preference to Imperially grown to as against in whien cues Troosioreigo soures is Ettle less than an imposture The Real Burley. Cigarette, in fact, anwaats to nothing more or
less than taking 2d. off the ten duty, very excellent thing to do, subject to two conditions, first, that you did it straight forwardly, and next, that your revenue could afford it. But you are sacrificing two millions, day, nearly two inillions and n half, of annual revenue in what is really
reduction of the sea duty in the guise and pretext of giving preference, to your Dominions. (Cheers.)
11'S TOASTED.
An entirely New principle"
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Now take one other illustration from temporary duties on clocks and watches. When Mr. McKenna-(cheers)
who was then Chancellor of the Excbe juer, in a Government of which I was the head-(cheers)proposed in the stress of the war to impose temporary import anties upon clocks and watches and a half dozen other selected articles, what was the object It was plainly avowed and declared at the time that it was because these things, which were things in no sense necessaries of life to the community here, took up ship space that might have been better employed upon necessary war pur. poses. Mr. McKenna himself said, I bave introduced these taxes upon argu- ments every one of which is confind to the special conditions of war." But they are to be retained though the war is over though the necessity which gave birth to them no longer exists; they are to be retained, so far for no other purpose than the peg on which to hang the pretended preference to the Dominions. Well, as a matter of fact, we do not buy watches and clocks from aur Dominions (Laughter.) I do not know the exist Egures, but I doubt very much whether there is £10,000 worth of watches and clocks imported from the whole of the Dominions under the British Crown. Do you suppose the Dominions are going to be taken in by that! It is not a preference in any real sense of the
term.
we can soc,
The
So that
party to their my self-necesary for belli.
Now, the demand will be, I venture to gerent purposes during the war. They predict for a tariff against what are call were necessary first of all to save tonnage, and next to reduce our purchases abroad. I am sure that, as was the case fiftech ed foreign-manufactured goods, and tere But war conditions have crased. accessity has passed away, and the result years ago, great play will be made with that familiar. But ambiguous, word very, week and every month that these
dumping. Now the word dumping restrictions continue is that in those
is of Transatlantic origin, and if you con trader you have artificially high prices ito. posed upon the consumer and abnormally defined as
salt the dictionary you will find it is to throw down in a lump or inflated profits secured to the favoured producer. (Cheers.)
safety, and the second is, as I have already indicated, the improvement, the steady and growing improvement, not only in the quantity.of our production, but in that which constitutes its real cost, which, 1 need not say, is not measured by wages alane, because I believe that there can be no more formidable set-back to what in any case will be, and must be a pro-
the road with tariffs which were repudiat- longed and arduous climb than that we should once more encumber äurelves on
ed by our fathers, which are unsuited to our conditions, and which are hampering to all possible progress. (Loud cheers.)
COAL NATIONALISATION.
OWNERS' STATEMENT.
** CELAOS AND DELAY,” a inasa-to shoot ur depumit, usually or properly applied to refuse or rubbish. The Coal Association, of which Mr. (Laughter.) That you will find in the Philip Gre ia director, "issued the follow- Oxford dictionary. That being its origising statement on June 24th regarding and its proper menting, it gradually Mr. Justice Sankey's report on the subject came to be applied to describe concerted of the nationalisation of the coal miners: action by producers, usually themselves "A committee of coal-owners who met under the shelter of a protective tariff in London today stated that the coal- which enables them to charge artificially owners as a whole are not yet in a posi high prices to consumers in their own tion to give their views in detail on Mr. market, to obtain foothold in markets Justice Sankey's report, but it is probable by selling their wares at or under the cost that they will shortly issue an official of production. As pointed out years ago, statement dealing with the recommenda- wherever and whenever it is pursued, it is tions.
We are told there is going to be a gener
overhauling of all this early in the autumn, when I suppose the common trade policy for which our friends are waiting will be given to the world. In the meantime I'am stating what every man of business knows to be the absolute and literal fact, when I say that large profits are being made by favoured industries at the expense of the consuming community of this country. What we need is a "ro creation of our export trade. (Cheers.) Without undue cynicism one might say
**It may, however, be assumed that the that people who profit by an artificialways in the long run a suicidal policy
is principle I do not suppose that I or owners are opposed to nationalisation in system can always find plausible reasons
any other Free Trader would object to the belief that it is contrary to the in- in the public interest for its continuance the frank and downright exclusion of terests of the country and the consumers. answer my own question with which imports of which it is clearly proved this The proposals of Mr. Justice Bankey mean started. There never was a time when it the character and purpose. I say in nothing else than the handing over of more behaved Free Traders to be on their guard, first because in the Budget Prefer rinciple I have the very gravest doubt the coal trade "to bureaucratic control, whether in practice any such game would which would be centralised in the hands 3ence, which means sooner or later, and it be worth the candle, but, at any rate, of one man. The future working of the
intended to mean ooner than later. a
there rarely was a time when there was collieries would be worse than the pre- Protectionist tariff is stealthily making less danger of dumping in this sense, the sent control, and nothing but chaos could its way across the threshold of our fiscal only real and serious sense, unless, indeed result. The consumer would be the party citadel; secondly, because the impending and here you have a very important most affected, and apparently there, in no econsideration of the restrictions on our aspect of the matter-unless your proteo other prospect than a still further reduced import trade will afford endless opportive measures or anti-dumping measures output under the sebome propounded by tunities under various disguises and pre
Mr. Justice Bankey, as a result of the texts for the continuance in time of peace
cumbersome machinery which it is pro- of Protection, which was undesigned, in:
powd to set up. direct, and avowedly temporary in a time
of war..
PARIS RESOLUTIONS OF 1910. Now at this point it may be convenient you will allow me to deal for a moment with the suggestion often made, sometimes
are to be directed not. against our late enemies, exhausted and prostrated by the war, but against one or another of the Allies and associates who have co-operated It in agreed that a cheap and adequate with us in the great campaign. (Cheers.) supply of coal in pasential to the comfort Dumping to Protectionists means.com/
of individuals and to the maintenance of oetition by persons who for some reason
the trade of the country, but the system or other. through superiority of intelli- of management anggested will neither in gence, of skill, of organisation perhaps crease the supply nor cheapon the cost. in very friendly quarters, that those of us in the process of manufacture, are able to Procrastination and delay would be in- who were responsible for or supported give to the British consumer at a lower evitable. For example, under the ayatera what are called the Paris resolutions of price an article which they can only afford proposed the Miniator of Mines has the WAIT AND BEĽ,"
1916 have in some way disentitled our to give him at a higher price.
nower of veto over any resolution of the local or district management committees, Nevertheless, small as these things are elves to uphold the banner of Free Trade.
FOREIGN MANEPACTURER.
and therefore all such resolutions must and nugatory from the point of view of Well, I have heard a great deal about the
What are these foreign manufactures come before him before they can be effec preference, they have given a good deal of | Maria revolutions. I rarely come across disquietude and not unnatural disquie anyone who has read them(laughter)-that. come? They belong entirely, when tively carried out. Again, no safeguards inde, to some of our friends who used to and still more rarely anyone who realises you analyse them, to two classes. In the exist to protect the consumer such as are be, and still think they are, good Free the conditions under which, or the pur-first class there are those classes of com- provided by competition between owners, Traders. They have sent anxious deputa poses for which, they were framed. May modities for which outside countries have since a monopoly pure and simple would acbe established. with no means of compari- tions to the Chancellor of the Exchequer, I remark in passing that so far as the better facilities, either naturally who stroked and smoothed them with the United Kingdom is concerned those resolu.quired, for production. In not a few son as to efficiency.
The solution that. Mr. Justice Bankey assurance that all this was provisional, tions before they were submitted to the cases, and those the most important, the and they had to be content 1-am almost Conference were reviend and in some cases better-facilities which are given this ad now propounds amounts to thin That." afraid to use the words they had to be drafted by my right hon. friend and col- vantage are the result of our own lethargy because the existing system of ownership- We have been is alleged to be unacceptable to the minera content with an invitation to wait and league, Mr. Walter "Runciman-(cheers) and want of foresight.
(Laughter and cheers.) I will quote and thag at the Conference itself this slow in the development of technical edu- there must be a change, irrespective of "the Chancellor's words to this anxious country was represented not only by Mr. cation; we have under-valued research whether such change will be of benefit fo ază conscience-bc, ed Liberal deputation,Boar Law, bit by Lord Crewe Now, and the application of science to industhe country na
300.
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