MURDER OF AN IRISH SOLDIER
FRESE LIGHT OM GERMAN BRUTALITY,
7
THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 18T.
BRITISH FINANCE.
ALIENS AND COMPANY CONTROL-
THE JUGO-SLAV STATE.
A NEED OF TODAY.
[BY DR. &. J. DILLON]
achieves to confine the Tanton racó within the limits of German national ter ritory. And the only way to effect this is to free the other races which are The reconstitution of Europe on a fair politically enthralled for the benefit of and solid basis, with reasonable security the Germans. I do not avert that evan against future criminal branches of the then the aim will have been attained,
11
4.
peace, is one of the war aims of the Aut I am certain that there is no other Allies. It involves the dissolution of the way to attain it. Dual Monarchy, and aho a certain
LIBERATION OF VASSALS- whittling of the German Empire, but no Towards this end all the efforts of the crying violation of the principle of na-Allies should be directed, for Germany's tionality. Yet, strange to say, the Allied power is out of all proportion to her Governments cultivated a tender place in numerical strength, because she has re their hearts for Austria-Hungary, and duced certain other races to the state of Most of these races which are generously assumed that the policy of that Empire, which culminated in the thus constrained to serve her interests are under the sceptre of the Hapsburga. The
Lord Wrenbury's Committee, appoint- ed to inquire as to what amendments German crimes are of auch everyday were necessary to the Companies Acts, occurrence that their leaser brutalities particularly having regard to the deve are apt to be passed over without com-lopments likely to arise at the conclusion ment. But for sheer callousness the hor of the war, inued their report recently. rible murder of Private J. Sullivan, of The preliminary question, they say. the 1st Irish Guards, will always be whether it is desirable that foreign remembered as evidencing the bestiality capital should be freely attracted to of the German nature. Sullivan, who Great Britain," is one upon which there was taken prisoner at Ypres during the was little, if any, difference of opinion. early part of the war, was transferred in The maintenance of London as the anan June, 1915, to the camp. nt Merseburg,cial centre of the world is of the first sad was, in company with other prison importance for the well-being of the ers, employed at work on the Hackpfuffel Empire; anything which would impede, present world struggle, was "the result Hapsburgs are the shepherds who drive Estate. His death on July 28th was duly or restrict, the free flow of capital to the partly of misguidance and partly of doet these flocks into the German fold. The reported in the official list by the German United Kingdom would, in itself, becion by Germany. Austria at best is but main task of the Allies, therefore, is to Government, who gave no cause for his prejudicial to Imperial interests, and a serviceable instrument in the hands of emancipate these non-German races with demise. This would be taken to indicate any legislation which would tend to
her powerful ally, and, even were a view to restoring equilibrium in Europe that he had died a natural death. How-impede or restrict the free flow of capital otherwise, the complete disruption of that and peace in the world.
And having ever, on August 4th, there appeared in a by imposing restrictions or creating in nondescript State is, & condition sine undertaken to do this for the Poles, the German paper," Lubecker Volksbote, a pediments ought to be jealously watched, qua non of the Allies' success," "
Crecho-Blovaks, and, as course, for the Roumanians, it is incam- report that two British prisoners of war interned at Hackpluffel, near Sanger
bent on the Allies to give a like degree hausen, had attacked the sentry with
of encouragement to the Jugo-Slavs, to whose principal representative, Serbia they owe so much.
spades, and that the latter had warded off one man by a blow with the butt of
bir ride and shot the other down.
lest in the endeavour to prevent what has come to be called "peaceful penetration" the normal course of commercial develop
It is to be
ment should be arrested. borne in mind that at the conclusion of
the war outside the countries of the
The first step in the right direction was taken by President Wilson, who ex pressly stated that the independence of Poland is one of the war-sims of the Allied States. That was the thin end of the nationalist wedge. But the European.
*
matter of
These Southern Slavs form one race,
Noting this paragraph, the British Allies, speaking generally, Europe will Governments were loath to hurt the with three ethnic names, the Serbs, the
Foreign Office, through the American Embassy, demanded a full explanation from the German Government, and bere is the official German reply: On July 28th last, at about 5.30 am., the Germa
guard ordered seven Englishmen from the camp at Merseburg, who were employed on the Hackpfuffel Estate, to go to work The Englishmen were unwilling to go before six o'clock, hut after being told three or four times, all went except Johu Sullivan, who at last attacked the guard, trying to snatch his weapon from him. The guard, forced by necessity fired on Sullivan. The bullet passed through his right breast and severed a artery, and he died on the spot." No mention of spades is made here. Nothing. is said about the second British soldier
who, the German newspaper alleged, also attacked the sentry and was knocked. down for his pains. The story of the Lübecker Folk bole and the German: official explanation do not tally. But it ruatters little, for both were lies clumsy attempts to conceal an atrocious murder. The truth has now been given us by two repatriated British non-commission-
have little surplus capital to invest. The foreign capital. which we have to con- template will be capital flowing not from other parts of the world, of which the Central Empires of Europe, but from
America may be the chief. To impose restrictions upon the indux of capital, aimed at our present enemies, with the result of deterring the flow of capital from (say) America, would be a policy highly injuricus to the economic recovery and renewed prosperity of this country after the war. For these reasons in all amendments of the law the expediency of the attraction of foreign capital should be steadily borne in mind, and anything which would have a restrictive or deterrent affect should, as far as possible, be avoided
COMMERCIAL· FREEDOM.
They are
susceptibilities of their Russian ex-Ally. This policy was at last promulgated at Croats, and the Slavonians." Versailles, and to-day the Poles, whose separated from each other by different National Committee has for a consider religious tenets or liturgies, cultural able period been officially recognised, are tendencies, historical and political tradi- allowed to hope that their State will betions. Thus the Serbs are members of reconstituted after the war on territorial the Orthodox Eastern Church, whereas lines which will enable it to serve as an the Croats and Slavonians are Catholics effective barrier against Germany's ad and their culture is Western. But all vance towards the Black Sea. This will three branches speak one and the same. language. So little does the Serbo- entail the termination of Teutonic sway Croatian idiom differ in the mouths of on the coast of the Baltic at the mouths those three peoples that even the un- educated peasants of any one of the three of the Vistula and the Niemen. It con-understand with ease a conversation car notera Greater Poland.
ried by people from the other two. The only
divergensics from the normal worth mentioning occur in the Slavonian, and yet they offer no difficulties to the Croatians or the Berbs. This is an ima portant fact which makes for ethnic unity Milan a few years ago the Sicilian wit
At, a celebrated trial held in nesses who spoke only their own dialect were not understood by the Court, which had to employ sworn interpreters to translate their evidence into Italian. Yet they were all Italians. Among the Jugo- Slavs such a thing would be impossible.
And yet it was not until the nineteenth
THREE NATIONALITIES.
The recognition of the Czecho Slovak army and Council by the British Govern- ment is another step towards the goal, At the root of the whole matter lies at prospectively creates a nation of question which is not one of company about ten millions, which will therefore law amendment at all, but one of high be numerically superior to the Magyars political and economic policy. The alien The loss of the Czechs who dwell in may come to Great Britain to trade in Bohemia, Moravia, and a part of Aus any one of three characters. He may trian Silesia will deprive Anatria proper come as an individual; he may come in of seven and a half millions, while Hun- conjunction with others as a firm; or ha gary would lose in the Blevaks about two may come in the form of a corporation. millions and a half. One can understand
ed officere, fellow prisoners-of-war with The fundamental question is whether in the feeling evoked in Vienna by these centary, when the principle of nation- any one of these cases be ought or ough; decisions of the Allies at the crucial meality was preached by Mazzini, Marin,.
Sullivan: To avoid any exaggeration or distortion of the facts, these witnesses. were both sworn, and their statements taken down most carefully on cath Here, in the principal witness's own words, are the revolting details of the crime, and of the heartless manner in
*funeral.
ment of the campaign.
.:
which German civilians mocked at the policy the Empire "intended to purane What still remains to be done, if the the Battle of Sadowa, when Austria
I was a prisoner of war in Merseburg Gefangenenlager, in the Magdeburg (4th Army Corps), commanded from October 19th, 1914.2 On July 17th we were sent from our lager to a farm.
COD-
and other humanitarians that the idea not to enjoy the same commercial free- dom as the British subject British-born;
That arrangement disposes in advance of uniting these three peoples into one and, further, whether it some aliens of two of the three rationalities whose
pilicity was barboured- and ought to come freely, other aliens who independence is called for alike by the
The first form which this are now our enemies ought to have the ties of policy, and it drives a thick wedge bring together the three peoples under principle of nationality and the exigen idea assumed was that of a proposal to same facilities. Until it was known what into the organism of the Dual Monarchy, the sceptre of the Hapsburgs, but after with regard to liens, and especially objects of that policy are to be attained, bereft of her independence, was bound enemy aliens, it was not possible to say is a joint recognition of the Jugo-Slavs to the chariot of Germany, this project in what way the Companies Acts should by the Entente Governments. For a be amended.
siderable time this was a delicate subject
was given up for one which placed the political centre of gravity of all the The Committee point out that it to moot-just as the Polish question was Southern Slavs in Belgrade. But it was foreign capital is to be attracted it during the existence of the Tsarist State, not until the Obrenovitches, in the per- would be invested in or utilised for the to the unfavourable eye with son of King Alexander, were eliminated, pany before leaving the lager that we the question was whether restrictions Southern Blavs. The coast of the Adria politicians and publicists, however, fav- industries of jointstock companies, and look upon the national aspirations of that the idea took deep root. Different Italian patriots were supposed to and Austria's ascendancy, was challenged should only be employed on very light ought to be imposed upon the extent ttic, for instance, was a bone of conten- oured different projects, but all agreed work from six a.m. to six p.m. On the which the control of companies should tion between the Serbian, and the Italian that the three ethnic fragments must be frst morning we were roused at four am, and marched to a cornfield, where be allowed to reside in aliens, either by peoples, the former appealing to the fused into one, and as far as feasible reason of their holding a majority of the principle of nationality and their claims their historical traditions harmonised. we worked antil six p.m.. when we march-
shares or of the Debentures, or by reason hallowed by history, and the latter lay it was also accepted as axiomatic that ed back to the farm in an exhausted condi- tion. This, went on every day until July board of directors; and, if so, how the tion held by Italian trades culture on Church, and was brought up on Byzan of their obtaining a majority upon the ing stress on the admittedly strong posi-Berbia, who belongs to the Orthodox 28th, when, being roused from our beds
disclosure of their alien character was the north and east coasts of the Adriatic tine lines, stands to gain much if at four a.m., we informed the German
to be enforced. It was easy, of course, For a long while the subject aroused she will bring herself to look to the Weat valy sentry that as the captain of the com-
to ensure that directors should all be, fierce passions in the breasts of both in future, instead of Eastward, as here- pany bad told us that the work would be
or that a majority of them should be peoples whenever it came up for discus- tofore. from six a.m.. we should not commence
British subjects. But there was no sion, but at the Congress of the Oppress means of ensuring that their actions ed Nationalities of Austria-Hungary,
We were told by the captain of our cous-
THE NEW STATT...
The antagonism which subsisted among
any earlier.. The sentry and an- other soldier' axed their bayonets. The senior sentry in charge then struck should not be contralled by aliens whose held in Rome on April 8th and 10th last, these peoples in the past has of late years me a brutal blow in the face, so the nationality was not disclosed. Bearing their representatives arrived at a reason been to a large extent assuaged. Passion! able, if vague, understanding by which had subsided. But there is still room better to proceed to work and filed out, capital, may after the war be expected independence of the Jugo-Slav nation is Cyrillic alphabet, which is almost the remainder of the prisoners thought it in mind the sources from which foreig both sides recognised that "the unity and for progress. leaving me alone with No. 3,749 Private to come, the Committee say that the vital interest of Italy, just ga the come same as the Russian, and they use the
John Sullivan, Irish Guards.
Private Bullivan had been badly wounded and had lost the whole of his zecond, third, "and" fourth fingers and half of the first finger of his left hand. This hand was also bleeding when he was at work. The two sentries kicked and beat us with their rifles out of the passage, as far as the second landing, where Private. Sullivan halted, showing them his bleeding hand and trying to explain that it was impossible for him to work with a scythe in his wounded condition. The sentry at once put his rifle up and shot Private Sullivan through the chest. Private: Sullivan fell without speaking, and the two sentries at once reversed their rifles and placed the butts between Private Sullivan's legs. In this way they levered him up, and
on the landing at my feet. raised himself on his hands and knees, looked at me, smiled, and collapsed with out speaking
I was not per mitted to assist Private Bullivan in any way. He was left on the ground alone until he died.,
1 saw the German officer shake hands with the soldier,
The witness then goes on to describe
questions which must be decided are:- 1.Is it desirable to legislate in the direction of forbidding the employ. ment of foreign capital here in join stock companies unless some such Fro visions as the following are satisfied
That there shall be disclosure of the alien character of the foreign owner;
That mot more than a certain propor tion of the company's shares shall be held by aliens;
That the board, or a certain proper. tion of the board, shall not be alien
"And
pletion of Italian national ánity is vital interest of the Jugo-Blay nation. So far, therefore, as one can judge, there
official recognition of the future Jugo Slav State as has been accorded by the Entente Governments to the Poles and the Czechc-Slovaks
in now no serious obstacle to such an
GERMAN MINORITIES ECLE.
The Serbe employ the
Julian calendar; whereas the Croats and Slovenes write with the Latin alphabet and count their months and years accord- ing to the Gregorian system. In these matters conformity offers no serious diffi Bosniaks and Herzegovinians are Moham calty. Then
a large percentage of the medans, and their traditions are accord
very dissimilar to those of their Christian brethren. The disintegration of Austria-Hungary invincible
Still is the only efficacious means of reducing Tec
antagonism there is no them. the power and influence of the German Slavs are naturally the Serbe, largely a
acknowledged leaders of all the Juge these are quite wide enough. For the assimilated by the Turks centuries ago, race within its own natural limits. And pastoral people, whose upper classes were Germans are numerically the strongest and who are, therefore, profoundly demo peoples of Europe,
alter that fundamental
between one alien and another, and to Allies can do and nothing that the cratio to-day. It has been asserted that the
2. Is it desirable to discriminats legislate in that direction in the case of certain aliens and not of others! In these questions there
must be discrimination between different classes of companies:
Class A Companies generally not being companies within Classes B and C Class B. Companies owning British shipping and Class C-Companies engaged in "key" industries,
fact. They stand a good chance, there maintained its nationality and its social culture of the Croats, whose aristocracy fore, of drawing their Russian neigh-influence, is superior to that of the Serbs, whose organising capacity is sadly but so long as the Serbian kingdom sub- cefective, into gaining, paci they drew the
sisted and expanded, Serb leadership was Monarchy. It was this latter conquest arrangements will be made after the war What that enabled the Teutons to acquire the it is at present impossible to forecast, mastery of Central Europe and encourag but in all probability all parties would ed them to aim at the hegemony of the be glad of friendly counsel and help from world..
Consequently Austria-Hungary the Allies. is one of the main sources of Germany's strength. The Germans and the Magyar rule the Dual Monarchy, although are minorities and are cordially.
and they rule it on behalf of the
Austro-Hung questioned only academically.
ev
number 13,000,000. It would consist of The population of this new State would Serbia, Montenegro, Croatia, Slovenia, Bosnia Herzogovina, and such part of
how he and another soldier dug a grave / Sullivan. The unseemly conduct of the by the bulk of the peoples whom they, Dalmatia as may hereafter be agreed
for the murdered Irishman, bow about fifty people from the Hackpfaffel dis trict attended the funeral, laughing, talking, and occasionally bursting into loud roars of laugher...
absolutely disgusted gove race. The test of the upshot of upon between its representatives and
onlookers myself and my comrades"
Crimes such as the murder of Private this war, therefore, will be the future of those of Italy. This accord with Italy Sullivan are quite beyond the comprehen- the Hapsburg State. If that State still would form one of the first tasks of its sion of civilised people. But in the face subsists, the Allies will not have won the Government, and would have to be work
war, however complete
ek their military out mainly on the principle of pa The second non-commissioned officer, a of such things, can it be wondered at success may be, for the reconstitution tionality and with the object of rescuing corporal the Grenadier Guards, that the Allies are resolved upon heating of Europe, however thorough it may the Mediterranean from German domina- State" I did not actually ses Private Germany to her knees, and forcing her seem, will offer no trustworthy guarantee tion. With the official, recognition of the John Bullivan shot, but I saw him lying conditional surrender The Huns ap of a stable peace. Germany and Austria-future Jugo-Elav community, nothing
Hungary, allied and at the bottom of the stairs about fifteen pear to be utterly devoid of every feeling
single-minded as would remain in perspective of Austria minutes afterwards. He received of humanity, and are worse than wild they are, must in the natural course of proper but 10,000,000 Teutons, who would no attention of any sort. I corroborate beasts. As such they must be hunted, things acquire a complete ascendancy in necessarily gravitate to the German E- in every detail the evidence of the first had there will not be an Irishman or an Europe and reduce the other Continental pire, nor Hungary but the 9,200,000 witness as regards the funeral of Private Englishman whose conscience doos net peoples to the role of instruments. Magyars, whose alliance with
bid him join in the hunting and, avenge What the victorious Allies could do. Telegraph."
made the dual system workable-Daily, (Continued at foot of next Column) Sullivan's death-Daily Telegraph it represents the utmost they can hope to
Hu
Berlin
1918
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THE BARTON MYSTERY"
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WEE WILLIE -For the life o' me I canna see the point in that poster. WER DONALD-Hae s guess man. WIE WILLIS Is it that that doar chiel blawin' the pipes is the only
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