MR. WILSON TO BUSSIA. WRONGS MUST BE RIGHTED. SAFEGUARDS FOR THE FUTURE.
The following in the text of the message: of the President of the United States 51
America to the Provisional Government
of Russia:
"In view of the approaching visit of the American Delegation to Russia to express the deep friendship of the Ameri- on people for the people of Russia and to discuss the lost and most practical means of cooperation between the two
THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS. THURSDAY, JULY 26TH,
THE MESSINES VICTORY. SHORT-RANGE OFFENSIVES.
THE GERMAN GODS.
[BY “TUE TIMES” MILITARY CORRESPONDENT.]
Field-Marshal victory of June 7th, achieved through the shal Sir Douglas Haig's instrumentality of Sir Herbert Plumer's Second Army, was a brilliant and as
BATTLE STORIES FROM THE WEST FRONT.
Just
46
wo reached the Gorman
out shouting "Kamerad for all he was trench, a great big Heine come rushing
one sided, a bottle of pickles under one worth. He had a shrapnel helmet on all
arm, and a big loaf under the other. He said he'd heard that the English were
right. What's more, he got away with the goods, 1 believe", e
BRITISH NAVY AND ITS WORK
A CAUTIONARY NOTE.
[DY ARCHIBALD HURD]
1917.
AMERICAN AID. GERMAN PRESS CONSULATION.
of April 9th when the first and Third finished a piece of work as the great day starving and that he meant to be a loss of ono destroyer, apparently within which apliores American assistance can Armies under Generals Horne and Sir Edmund Allenby threw the boasting
of Arras,
Even journals like the Frankfurter Zeitung are still publishing periodical articles belittling prospects of American Tao news from the sun is encouraging, assistance to the Allies. In a characteris. The enemy's nests on the Belgian tie assay called "The American Equip week he has had to deplore, apart from entry into the war, and in this period the const we being mundo uncomfortable; this ment" the Frankfurter Zeitung: says:
Seven weeks have passed since America's the damage done by the bombarding people on the other side have certainly not about fifty of the crew, and damage to be of great use to our enemies, and in warships and bouk dropping airmen, the been idle. But it is alrendy being shown
had just arrived in England from the
unother. The ship which was sunk was Thus a good humoured Cansdian; he
one of a round" dozen laid down five or which other spheres it will apparently peoples in carrying the present struggle enemy out of his positions north and east recent fighting. He lay in the bunk of a She is a considerable loss to the Germans of compulsory service in the United six years ago-displacing 364 tons, and At the head of all tho Amorican mea
never be of decisive importance.. with a speed of over thirty-two knotsures stands undoubtedly the introduction hospital train, wailing to proceed up and by no means the first they have States. Without loog tesitation one of In the successive victories of the British country. It would appear that in vari-sustained at the hands of Commodore the most sacred principles of national life Chapelle onwards, we see not only con Armies on the offensive, from Neuve the Germans differed a good deal. This record. This latest incident is a satis done solely with consideration for the
ous parts of the line, the condition of Tyrwhite, who has created a fine war has been abandoned. Canadian, for instante, said that he factory sequel to the page of recent his present war in Europe is indeed, a Whether that was stantly increasing means on the British outs (and many empty bottles); men
found plenty of food in German duglary in which the exploits of the Swift separate question. For in the meantine side, but constantly improving tacties from other parts of the front say that dergone a change with the coming of general publie in America that to raise born of hardly won experience. We could our shelling had stopped the German aborter nights and hotter weather; what and train a large army is quite a different and Broke Agure Conditions have unit will have become plainer even to the not, assuredly, have won an Arrus or supplies, and that the Buches had not with bombardmcats on the coast, running thing from sending this army over the Mussines in 1914 or 1915, because the soon food for us long as three days. To fights at sea, and aerial bombing, we are seas and maintaining it there for mcats were wanting, and in 1917 we have the bulk the tormans are not fighting getting some of our own back," and period. not only infinitely better war-equipment
with very good spirit, but the aume than in those years, but all the important soldier records one incident to the cun
long Here also the question is still with interest The German nests" whether Herr Wilson and his immediate experience of 1916 which completed thetrary worth mentioning.
must be lively places in these times of advisers have any desire to let the bulk turn to the best recount. cfucation of our Armies and has been
German flotillas put to sea for safety French and English front which is almost daily attacks, and when the of their fature Army fight and bleed out-
side the country.
The support-of-the frem one peril, they fall in with another arranged for this summer is, of course,
of modern extent.
for the freedom of all peoples to a success- ful consummation. it seems opportune and appropriato. that I should state ,again, in the light of this new partner ship, the objects the United States has had in mind in entering the war. These objects have been very much beclouded during the past few weeks by mistaken and misleading statements, and the issues at stake are too momentous, too tre mendous, ton significant for the whole huinas race to porinit any misinterpreta- 1 misunderstandings, however alight, to remain uncorrected for a❘ Inoment
tion
"The war hine begun to go against Germany, and, in their desperate desire to escape the inexitable ultimate defent, those who are in authority in Germany are using every possible instrumentality, are making use ever of the influence of groups and parties among their own subjects, to whom they have never boen jusi or fair, or even tolerant, to promote propaganda on both sides of the sea which will preserve for them their
complete rzulapas,
W262000
CAUSES OF SUCCESS.
excessive
*
Before the 5,500 machines and 8,000
each jump wo make and give the Germans "Our guns keep pressing forward with The prudent and imited offensive, of very little chance to make a new strong which Array" - end' esses a typic line," said a sergeant of a Home County
These incidents suggest some reflections examples, is the form of aggressive action Regimen: The Baches ore fond of are hardly conscious of the blessings of alleged "
which may be worth setting down. We which consorts best with the present situs what we call Concertina wire. It cat sea-power. Nor do most of us appreciate France, if the transports escape the The Frankfurter Zeitum, Bays that the on and with the
number of Americans in retulave numbers ches round your legs and then strings the enormous difficulties which confront German submarines," will be 200, vi, byt engaged vu caon side. It has brought us at and holds you up. Bat our bom the Navy in dealing with the problem it
bardments knock it into chips. When created on the Belgian coast. Admiral includes a great many Americans who
asaumes loss, and has spured us the great sets our gunners get real busy now, it only Mahan has led casual renders to expect were fighting long ago, Reference is then that this number really tices, and diappointments which more.
takes about ten minutes to knock a soaring strategy has brought to all armies position fint. When our guns go off on
that searpower can do almost everything made to the American airmen, and it is rush of the numerically superior German bang, and the whole caboodle goes up posed to well-developed coast defences irmen are ready for use at the front a on the Western front since the initial this job it just sounds like one huge
but it has its limits, and those limits added:- ara reached when ships of war are op armies of 1914 was stayed at the Marne into fume. The Boche fire a lot of suck as exist along the sand dunes which good number of months may be expected and at Ypres. When, as on April 9th us now and there doesn't seem to are pierced by Zeebrugge and Ostead to pass, and our German Air Service has offensive is combined with a complete and They fired a lot of armour-piercing Gallipoli expedition it was assumed that the Entente was already superior, but the and June 7th, the prudent short-range be so much stuff in their shells.
At the time of the initiation of the this eneiny also
time enough to prepare its defence against influence at home and their power abroad, wenpons and contrivances, then we find can't grudge. Fritz a score for once, but robbed the fortress of its former invul- air is nevertheless indisputably or the scientifc utilization of all the new stuff at us. Of course it's useless You the development of naval ordnance had superiority of warlike achievement in the In material resources to the undoing of the very men they the enemy not only beaten, but prostrated he has some way to make before he gets nerability. That view was largely based German side, and we all are confident that are using. The position of America in and reduced to a position of manifest this war is so clearly avowed that no man
up to our record; we were scoring all en be excused for mistaking it. She inferiority. At the least possible cost to
the tinie
upon the ease with which the Belgian this position will not be altered by the seks no material profit or aggrandize ourselves we do the enemy the greatest
Some of the comments of the wounded the early days of the war.
forts were destroyed by the Germans in entry of the Americans. ment of any kind. She is fighting for no possible harm, and when, as at cssines, instructive, but the reports vary accord-
on the equipment of the Germans argotten that the enemy's success was due war, the Washington Government boasts It was for- As regards participation in the navel advantage or selfish object of her own, but he allows us 36 hours to consolidate our for the liberation of peoples everywhere position, and then counter-attacks, the
ing to the part of the front on which weapons howitzers into use than those seat into the submarine area are co to bis ability to bring more powerful that tho destroyer flotillas which it has -from the aggressions of autocratic force.result is particularly disastrous to him.
the men have been fighting. At the same mounted by the Belgiana. The Dar- operating effectively with the flotillas of The ruling classes in Germany have begun
time, the stories always tally where the danelles Commissioners in their report Allies." To judge from the daily reports of late to profess a like liberality and
raen have been on the same soctor. It pointed out that there is no limit to of our submarine successes, it seems that justice of purpose, but only to preservo
We see again in operation at Messines truth regarding each separate phase in
is possible, therefore to arrive at the the protection that may be given to guns on the German side little trace has been the power they have set up in Germany all the causes which contributed to the the fighting. and the selfish advantages which they have victory of April 9th-namely, the careful
in forts," while there is to guns on ships, found of this effectiveness of the wrongly gained for themselves and their preparation of the attack in all its parts, have got better than the Fritzes, and
An Australian says, One thing we staple platforms. After hearing a great which are, moreover, mounted on un
Americans, private projects of power all the way
the thorough rehearsal of the operation, that's our shrapnel helmets. They are that from Berlin to Baghdad and beyond. the use of models from which commanders lighter and better. The Germans haven't
deal of expert evidence they pointed out Government after Government has, by and units learn the exact missione con- nearly as many as they used to have, their influence, without open conquest of tided to them, the concentration of a its territury, been linked together in a formidable mass of gane, the exact cap-comforters on."
and almost all those wo captured had Bet of intrigue directed against nothing registration of batteries upon their I don't agree that Fritz's clothes and less than the peace and the liberty of the targets thanks to the co-operation of boots are bad" said an observant Scot world. The moshes of that net must be gunners, airmen, and survey companies, The tuch I saw had well-fitting dethea broken, but cannot be broken unless the preliminary bombardment, and the and boots in good trim, but thin, with wrongs already done are undone, and testing of its results by raids until the much less material than they used to adequate measures must be taken to pre-position is reported ripe for assault, the bave vent it from ever again being rewarped clearance of the wire, the co-operation or repaired.
of tanks, airmen, and miners in the actual Of course, the Imperial German behind the creeping barrage, the limitu battle, the reaistless rush of the infantry Government, and those whom it is using tion of infantry action to precise and for their own undoing, are seeking, Lo not too distant objectives, and finally the obtain pledges that the war will end in the restoration of the status que ante rapid consolidation of the position when It was the status quo ante out of which captured, an art in which our troops this iniquitous war issued forth, the power excel. A British attack of this character of the Imporial German Government is almost resistless, but against a hard within the Empire and its widespread defences prepared long before with the mente made for following up the advance country has ever devoted so much time Mediterranean; reference has been made
fighting enemy like the German, against alomination and influence outside of that such fashion as to prevent any saching ass of guns as that which the enemy Empire That fatus must be altered in most skill, and against such an oppos hideous thing from over happening again. the Eastern front, no part of the pre can bring up, thanks to the inactivity on "We are fighting again for the liberty, the self-government, and the undictated paration can with safety be omitted or devolopment of all peoples, and overy slurred over, Generals Pétain and Foch, feature of the settlement that concludes who have won so many triumphs from this war must be conceived and executed tactics similar to those of Arras and for that purpose. Wrongs must first be Messines, will assuredly not have been righted, and then adequate safeguards backward in rejoicing that the doctrine must be created to prevent their being of the Allied directing staffe is now com- committed again. Remudica must pletely in accord. found, as well as statements of principle: that will have a pleasing and sonorous sound. Practical questions can be settled only by practical means. Phrases will not accomplish the result? Effective read justments will; and whatever readjust ments are necessary must be inade.
"But they must follow a principle, and that principle is plain. No people must be forced under it sovereignty under which it does not wish to live. No territory must change hands except for the purpose of securing those who inhabit it a fair chance of life and liberty. No indemnities must be insisted on except those that constitute payment for mani fest wrongs done. No readjustments of power, must be made except such a will tend to secure the future peace of the world and the future welfare and hap- piness of its peoples.
I
silence, to the German protestations that We have had to listen, in amused our offensive was played out. We thought that it might have occurred to some German, even in comment written, as all Gorman comment is by order of the Higher Command, that an offensive begun by our initiative in April was not likely to cud with five months of good campaign ing weather still in front of us. Even if the nervous state of opinion in Germany makes it necessary to repeat daily that the Allied offensive is ended, that the the loss of 70,000 prisoners, 500 guns, and German line remains unbroken, and that perhaps 300,000 German dead and wounded represents a German victory, these are tales only fit for the German Marines, and no one outside Germany is taken in by them
their equipment before surrendering, it The Germans take great care to shed tralian saw so many cap comforters on appears, and that may be why the Aus the prisoners. A young officer says that recently he saw & strong party of German bombers disappear into a dug-out. Some minutes afterwards they re-appeared without arms or shrapnel helmets, and surrendered.
Our men speak very well of the arrange-
the move forward and its width and with supplies. Despite the rapidity of material have been entirely adequate depth, tae rationing and the supply of throughout.
the West, since they took charge, lik very ordinary generals, and except in their boasting and misleading reports we can find nothing in which they excel. To
in strength is not exactly a proof of lose 300,000 men and 500 guns when they admit that they are nearly equal to us competence, and on the whole we think that the lessor Moltke and Falkenhayn did just as well. We certainly admire the hardihood with which the German Press declares that our losses are from three to five times greater then in fac they have been, but we can really find n warrant for the statement, since a pre cess of simple addition of our published losses would have ravonled the truth, wer truth, as it never is, a German object recka our losses by their own, and Wo can only suppose that the Germans account them foolish for their paint, because though defer explanat till later stage we are tow fighting much more intelligently then they do.
its favourite conclusion that the chief. The Frankfurter Zeitung then arrives at sphere of American activity must be the cannot be given suficient, elevation to Allies of food and materials of war can Guns as mounted on board ships ing of the war. Even the supplies to the sphere of war economic and the finanac. obtain high-angle fire similar to howitzers, be considerably increased, within the but at long ranges or at short ranges by limits within which the German sub- reducing the muzzle velocity an angle of marines allow these deliveries to across descont of about 21deg, can be obtained the ocean. As regarde finance, the The Queen Elizabeth mountings can Frankfurter Zeitung is rather gloomy, give about 20deg of elevation, but this but rejoices that, in any case, the Euro- is not sufficient for really high-rate re,pean chemics of Germany must sink into ever greater dependence upon the Ameri
THE ANTWERP EXPEDITION.
cana
since those breathless days of the endeavouring to break through to Calais, distribution of British naval force. There autumn of 1914, when the enemy was the Germans have had ample opportunity are ships co-operating with the Army in of applying to the Belgian ecast those Mesopotamia, we have heard lately of patience and determination, they adopted in the Adriatic; it is common knowledge principles of defence which, with great British monitors assisting the Italians. for the protection of their North Sea that many large men-of-war, as well as hases in the years preceding the war. No over 500 sinal craft, are on duty in the
employed, first on their own littoral, and cruisers in the Atlantic. The naval labour, and money to the perfection of a by the Admiralty to the China Squadron
the Belgians: About two and a half tions which have never existed before, const defence aystern as the Germans and the Americans have spoken of our then on the coast which they seized from authorities are confronted with condi- years ago we were able to land troops not even during the Napoleonic War, at Antwerp! Zeebrugge was available when at one period we faced the world Mr. Churchill's action in reference to two places at once. In recognising the for our use Whatever may be said of practically alone. A ship cannot be in the Dardanelles-and the last word has extent of the burden which the Navy still to come the instinct of the former bears, and praising the competency of First Sea Lord was right which led him, the seamen, let us not forget the inevit to Antwerp. It was a tragic effort to British people less naval power to risk with the approval of Lord Kitchener and ble result that wo possess at the strategic the other members of the Cabinet, to go centre of intimate importance to the save that port, and with it Zeebrugge, in hazards of war than we could cruploy from falling into the bands of the with advantage. enemy. The forces were inadequate; it may be that the scheme was unwise at in mind when reviewing the position on the moment, but the idea revealed a cor- the Belgian coast Let us dismiss from Those are considerations to be borne, rect appreciation of the importance of our minds, once and for all, the iles Mr. Gladstone was no strategist, and in their best, and that the Admiralty is not retaining control of the Belgian coast. that the responsible officers are not doing his day submarine and aeroplane were un- giving the fullest measure of support to thought of, but he understood the in every practicable scheme. It is apparent portance of not permitting a possible that the War Staff in Whitehall, Vice of the coast of the Continent. In 1870 mand of the llover Patrol, and the Com- enemy to obtain a footing on this part Admiral Sir Reginald Bacon, in com- permit Belgium to be overrun. He may at Dunkirk, are striving to the utmost have remembered that the loss of Calais to harass and injure the enemy. Only he was prepared to go to war rather than modore in cargo vof the naval air station was one of the causes which contributed those who are familiar with the circum- to the death of Queen Mary
stances can decide whether the operatims
We oust allow one distinction to The Germans were told that ruthless Hinderbegnarly, that he has fough It may be that it was impossible for which are now being pressed with energy "And then the free peoples of thin world lane warfare would bring us down a defensive action in Belgium and ha must draw together in a common coveniu six weeks, and for this expected lost a battle there. None of his pr the closing months of 1914. Our minitary those, also, who are acquainted with the us to defend the Belgium coast during could have been undertaken before. Only ant, some genuine and practical advantage thuy Taskeu, and have since decesors has been so unfortunate. operation that will in effect conte incurred the hostility of the United was for this reason, no doubt that the forces were pre-occupied with a number mine the exact scale and character of the their force to secure peace and justice in plates and conc. important countries, great German counter-attack on the of problems, none more important or ur problem which has to be solved. It would. resources were meagre and our naval conditions on the Belgium coast can deter the dealings of nations with one another. But 130. cxperto fat prò que has not vening of June 5th was launched for the geat than the safe condo of transport be a great thing if Zeebrugge and Ostend, The brotherhood of mankind it a bien weured, and though the Germans oral effect of lost battle in Pelging in all the world's sens during the great and the whole of that district could be longer be a fair but i pares 1. kle salt gulzed with the assurance that is a damaging as the material. Ou mobilisation of the army which was made too uncomfortable even for the must be given a structure of ice and we act Judivity, some of their roving gallant Second Army stood the test, an carried out by Lord Kitchener with Germans, but it is not the greatest thing.
ality. The nations zu reii they pies y buformed the German white completely wrecking the fresh Ont common Ife and effect or figher by now that Englanum served give no ground at all efficiency of a power. He had told the nor in which the Grand Fleet, has imposed partnership to secure that life gains is scat all in comparison Ludendorf's description of this ffrir Australian people years before that when its will on the concentrated naval forces splendid courage and the faith in the The greatest thing in history is the man- the aggressions of autocratic at w
with Geary e Germans were also awaited with interest. He will probably waz came the Empire would have to put of the second greatest sea Power Alle pleasing power, the
told that it way wo were fring off the that the counter-attack aprested its confidence in the Flect, and on be world. For over thirty-four more the Gréservés pats minionition accumulated Plummer's offensive, but, in fact all the coming Secretary of State for Wat, he High Seas Fleet has been neutralised For those things we can afford te pour during to, and that it would objectives of the Second Army wer translated his faith into acts. out blessed treasure For the dre the thing we have always profered to Festa Mill hardly share this now to the nntimely prolongation of an BODE The defenders of the elrende attained and we are not piven
its salt water severely rational In desire and paloss we nour cat the bene illusion, am
the meantime, behind the screen of cur and tires, now and gunspan earn umalitzat game of land warn all the front priuationen Germans out Infore they had catblished Army to the fields of action. That in the
Lough wo are modest fensive before the hour for it has struck
IZPADTH OF OUTLOOK.
naval power, we have become a great mili nuver kulle ta unite or she comedero
Owing to the failure to tum the
tore nation. The Navy has red the *ing force again in the great cum ve adım örjar ter the professionals, and This particular mission is to serve as now confronted with a foras The Navy is stil Lauring
270 a suspicion thatced We know our Germans well
themselves on the Belgian coast, we are conditions existing was an unparalleled. BELDIG game,
htton for the British sword, and That is not to say that the dientes ar all those many divisions of troops on its by unicable ther serve this purpees, insuperable on that point only sailors back in spite of submarine and mine, 1 must be an immense satisfaction in with wide and recent experience because it is defending the lines of com- We German need to exa!! their nonfessions pride that they are speak. It is no secret that the situation munication, nod at the same time it is Hindburg 1 skies, but we have not creating such an excellent army to oppos has been worsened owing to the en offering to the Germans à challenge to a canner ther or now to be noti himing there. He and his them. It must be coating them some operation which we have given to one battle by Where can we ind a COPUL Dy single guarantee of forta Ludandorif have fought the campaign in i four millions gterling a day to do so, but Allies. Everyone know how wide is the parallel to that, even if we dismiss the campaign against the submarine as "s side show, which it certainly, is pofis
human liberty. The day has crtc t Conquer or submit. If the forces of ante cracy con divide us, they will nye örme
if we atkal together, elor ~
and the which victory will secure, We can then to be generone, but we
and secur
VILLANDENBURG CULT.
Umiinner foot of nest column.)
after all the war wan theirs, and they can must know what is worth their doing,
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