THE PRIME MINISTER AND
THE ... EMPIRE......
BUSINESS OF STATESMANSHIP, TO KNIT THE EMPIRE IN CLOSER BONDS.
COST OF THE WAR-
A MISLEADING INCREASE.
THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, SATURDAY, JULY 7TH, 1917.
WAR IMPRESSIONS IN AUSTRIA.
(BY A TRAVELLEE RETURNED.]
BERNE
HYPNOTISED BY THE HUNS
A PROTEST.
J
{RY TROITE LEB.]
lounge after dinner that I was compelled He was talking so distinctly in the hotel
During the last few months a number of more or less interesting communicato listen. tions have appeared from Germany, show-
Goʊrga in regard to the future of the cial year was 27,400,000 for £600,000,000, ing the general attitude of the people.
I did not want to liston. I wanted to comes from rural rectories or from the read. But this young man's voice was so penetrating, the kind of voice which smaller, more remote type of English country house where gir!
dent of any party for dust-laden about August ist. Dealing with the last out significance. The person, has been in pronounced “gayul" and all the vowels
The exact words used by Mr. Lloyd Empire when he received the Freedom of the City of London were as follows:---
When the war is over and reconstruc tion begins, I hope and trust and pray that we are not going to dive into the and programmes (Loud cheers. Let us think out the beat methods for ourselves in the face of carching facts we knew not of before the war. We are a thousand years older and wiser. The experience of generations has been crowded into just a few winters, and we should indeed be unworthy. great destiny to which Providence has alled this generation of men if we throw all that away for the sake of any formulas that were framed before the Flood. (Cheers.) There is no part of the whole sphore of statesmanship where there is a greater need for us to revise "our ideas than in our attitude towards that great commonwealth of nations which is known as the British Empire, In the past we treated it as an abstrae tion- glorious abstraction, but an ab- traction. The war has allown us, all of
of
the
wax.
Mr. Bonar Law, in moving a new Vote of Credit in the House of Commons on July 9th, announced, to the general sur prise, that the average daily expenditaro for the first 36 days of the present finan-
The Vote of Oredit was from the House of Commons in a single has been rarer, and the following brief the largest sum which had ever been asked
News from Austria of this character Vote Mr. Bonar Law estimated that this report of a conversation with a purson sun would carry the Government on until who has just left Vienna may not be with Vote, he explained that the amount ex- Austria since the beginning of the war
must be pended in the 35 days from April 1st to continuously, speaks German perfectly up, full and resonant, from the chest.
ure sounded in the mouth, not brought May 5th
£981,000,000, allocated as and was thus able to get accurate impres follows:
sions, Pa
He was talking about the war. Army, Navy, and Munitions, £173,000,000
His Allies and Dominions. £ 68,000,000 Perhaps the most important statement organisation and leadership. Not an theme was the excellence of the German Miscellaneous, etc. 20,000,000 mods was that throughout the entire mass uncommon theme among us.
What was alarming in these figures, he of the Austrian population there was ap- nation, more inclined to admire the We are, as a declared, was the daily average expendi- Dantly not the slightest suggestion of merits of others than to acknowledge outs Aure. The total, however, included ad-
un idea that the Central Empires would own. That is not a bad attitude of mind not altimately win the war. Several rea- vances to Allies and Dominions at the rate of $2,000,000 a day, whereas the Buil-
sons were given for this perfect con-
in general, but it can be carried too far.. get estimate was £1,000,000 a day. He idence. In the first place, it seems that it too far just now to allow ogresives to think some of us are inclined to carry the Austrians never report losses or rebe hypnotised by the undoubted, but not claimed that he would still to justified in his Budget estimate, as the United States verses of any kind. The censorship is Government, with promptitude for carried to such an extent that it is by superhuma, ability of the Huns, which he could not be too grateful, was means unusual to open the morning now affording financial assistance to the Paper and fad half the front page Allies. Other items were disproportion-blank. There is again, of course, no cir- stoly high for this period, and he put the culation of English, French, or Italian true daily expenditure at £5,000,000, as
journals as in Germany, that the Austrian people are fed mentally The result is
whatever of anything unfavourable to
π
El am not a pro-German," this young man was saying, but Eh cannot see the use of denying that they have proved themselves quite extraordinarily compet kensen is a great man. Falkenhayn too. ent. Their system is perfectly wonderful. Their leaders are extremely able. Mac
their greatness."
us, that the British Empire is a fact, nay, against the Budget estimate of £5,500,000 upon victories alone and know nothing Eh do not see how we can refuse to admit..
in factor, the most potent factor to-day in the struggle for human liberty. We sont fa hundred thousand men to France in
1914.
They turned the tide of Autor Cheery.) The Dominions and the great Empire of India have contri- buted one million men. That has trans- formed our ideas as to the reality and the
AMERICAN HELP.
BULVERS
In
proplo are concerned, is a faraway thing cussion. Bly tongue tingled to the dis The war, tho. masses of I was tempted to but into the dis- them serious inconvenience at times, but hayn, I found it hard to sit still and be in Franec, Italy, or Poland, It causes what he knew of Mackenern and Falken the actual horrors of battle, invasion, and forced to listen to his one-sided and ill occupation mean nothing to them, for the founded argument, However, it is not reason that they know them not. Some my habit to join in discussions uninvited. one has lost a brother or a cousin, but
I came up to my room to write this article the thousands fallen in the great shambles
instead. far away in the east or the west make no impression on their minds, for theyGerman military organisation?
What in there "wonderful" about. the hear nothing about them. Zeppelins, they think, have done enor-stant, hard-working preparation, with As far as England is concerned, the mechanisin. Given forty years of con- Not, certainly, the perfection of its
the submarines, will soon bring the arch-German race, and only very stupid mous damage; while these, together with material to work upon so shooplike as the enemy to her knees. All that is necessary organisers could have failed to produce a is to hold out" opinion of the masses.
So much for the smoothly running machine.
Mr. Bonar Law referred to the sub-Austrian arme, marine warfare, and said the which then had avtended it might mean that show a staying power and to suffer hard ships unknown so far in the war. thespite of that, however, he had no doubt beneficence of the British Empire. world cannot afford to let it dissolve. But bringing the United States into the war. that the Germans had lost on balance by the choice must be between immediate con. Their participation in it would wake a contration and ultimate dissolution. We change in our constantly rising expendi can never let things remain whore they bare That seemed to the Government, were. It may bo said that the shadowy he said. a reasonable hope. character of the relations between us and was one of the objects for wihch the Mis- Indeed. it the Dominions and the great territories Ision had been sent to Amerien, of the East have produced this real coke-corded with warm appreciation the on Ho re sion. That was all very well before they couragement which the Mission had re mude great ancrifices They have estah ceived from the United States Govern lished claims now to a real partnership. ment. All the information the Govern Henceforth effective consultation must be ment had received showed that the Ameri- the only basis of co-operation. If our can people were not likely to do anything action brings them into trouble, as it has, by halves, and the United States Govern- costing them myriads of precious lives,ment were not only preparing to organize they must henceforth be consulted before the full strength of the nation, but realiz hand.
"But, it was asked, "what about the Methods must be carefully con-ed the value of immediate assistance, As better-informed Austrians? sidered. The whirl of a great war is not for the Mission, no service of Mr. Bal-many Austrians who know England and. There are the best time for thinking out perhaps four's to the State had been greater than France perfectly, who receive the Allies' How Constitutions, hus our Councils of that which he was now rendering.
and the Swiss journals regularly, and Empia must at any rate be a reality,
who are thoroughly familiar with actual The Imperial War Cabinet, the first ever held, has been a demonstration of the
aconditions; what about this class ?? value of these councils.
Our colleagues from the Dominious and from the great Empire.of India have not aken part, believe me, in a formal con- ference to carry resolutions. They have had a real share in our councils, and in our decisions, and they have been a great source of strength and wisdom to our de Liberations. They have come here with fresh minde They have viewed. this world-wonflict from, as it word different peaks Minds running the same course for a long time are apt to get rutty, and the weightier the minds the deeper the -ruts.. Cheers and laughter.)
You re quire fresh minds to lift the cart out of Chose worn furrows, and we have had them. We have had war decisions of the must far-reaching character, in which our Scolleagues from beyond the seas have as
sisted us. These great problems in regard o, submarines, shipping, and food, s well as our military decisions, have all seme for review at councils in which they have taken part
THE POLICY OF PREFERENCE,
But we must do more. I fed that this xperiment must be incorporated in the fabric of the Empire. We have been
THE MILITARY POSITION.
ENGLAND THE CORNER-STONE.
Not certainly, the performance by the machine of the task for which it was created. Everyone knows it was created in order to ensure quick victory.
THE REAL HUN WONDER:
man military system is its collapse.
The "wonderful" thing about the Gor- has made its boastful inventors. look It review of the military situation (says The House expects on these occasions
The rich, educated Austrians, it was it. In less than three years the British foolish. They took forty years to perfect and Mr. Bonge Law did not fail it. He information; they know of a victory of starting, has put into the field an Army The Tames Parliamentary correspondent), said, are in close touch with all outside nation, although it was rather slow in confined his observations, however, to two the Allies on the Somme or the collapse which is not only as good but better, and theatres of war Mesopotamia and the of a Zeppelin almost as soon as it occurs. Western front. tell the House something about Salonika, cherished many illusions about the Zep-war denies that the German soldier fighte
Mr. Watt him to
uskent
which has already begun knocking it out. The informed Austrians have never but Mr. Boner Law was not to be drawn. pelins, their failure therefor leaves them well. But fighting well has nothing to do No one who has seen anything of the He described the campaign in Meso- untouched. Thoy put their faith in the with the systems in force before the war potamin as one of the most successful
submarine and base it upon the following and brilliant operations which had been con ducted throughout the war. The result was that we held not only Baghdad, but practically the vilayet of Baghdad, and held them securely.
reasons.
unless you contend that the Germans only fight well because of their systern, 88
Courage is the result of temperament, not to which few would agree. Almost all troops · Are plucky and enduring. of préparation.
could affect.
Take the matters which preparation
tranches. The German transport is pre- well made. True, but so are the British The Gorman trenches are
British transport. The German artillery cise and punctual. The German trags- port is precise and punctual. So is the is gond. The British artillery is better.
tion is England, they say land once reduced to her knees the whole The corner-stone of the Allies organics With Eng structure will fall, England is a very Specially interesting was Mr. Bonar small island with an enormous popula Law' appreciation of the work of the tion. An effective blockade of this island Britsh Army in the West. that the offensive for which we had pre tive resalis than many a spectacular land He declared by the submarine will produce more affer pared throughout the whole of the winter victory, and can most efficiently counter- Our progress since had been slower, as being an island, cannot hold out inde was completely successful on April 8th.balance many a land defeat. England, but we were still presang the enemy with essential for actual existence, while the was inesitable in this class of operations, finitely, for she cannot produce the food undiminished forces. It seemed to him Centrul Empires, no matter how great concentrated their energy upen making Here is another thought. The Germans that one of the German communiqués may be the inconvenience and annoyance an Army. Their Army has not done what of the battle..
of the most encouraging features to which they are subjected, can always was expected of it. We British eon- almost hysterical in their effort to keep
The enemy seemell to be exist. Therefore the one thing to do is centrated upon making a Navy Our hold out." Victories may be lacking, Navy has done what was expected of it. make little ultimate difference if," so many's merchant vessels off the seas. If they say,we hold out," A there is anything wonderful here I Again, the upper classes say: Look think it can fairly be chalked up to us. at the map.
The Central Empires are intact, their population kauas nothing ser and Falkenhayn, what have they And then those great men, Macken- of war at home. The war on land a done? Mackensen waged upon Allied territory, to an eqni-Russians. Why Because they had no drove back the valent extent at the Allies expense, and, ammunition. He invaded Boumania.
were ané
taught by the war the real value of the up the courage of their people at home I checks and losses may occur; they will It has kept the German Navy and Ger.
ary victories. by giving accounts of absolutely imagin
tent of the German failure and the magui He asked the House to estimate the ex tude of our achievement from the follow-
Prisoners-more than 30,000. Guns-257 (98 of heavy calibre). Trench Mertare-227. Machine Guns-470.
Empate as a world-force, and one of the frat dalies of stateamanship in the future. Will be to take all measures which are necessary to aid in the development of the stupendous resources of the Empire.ing figures of our captures That ought to be our special cure, our special pride, as it opdoubtedly would be ir special security. Wo want to develop the lande under the Flag. (Cheers) fifty years ago we had directed our winds and our influence to that. power and our infine de lo he end you population you have got in these Domin fona, by diserting the tide of emigration to British. Dopinions instead of other
ABRAS BATTLE AND THE SOMME.
tighe, mesa uron the Lowe too often sodard
To measure success these opera-
consequently, the Central Powers can True, but considering that the Rouman-
stand a long siege of such warfare; they ians were unprepared for war, he took
in to do but hold
out. Supposing the French and British
failed, sest city to ba ay du Falkenhay
旦 long time over it, and
the corresponding period at the beginning troops push the Geramns back few the scheme. They are elever, skilful
of the Battle of the Somme.
The com
kilometres
Janda, and you would have attracted the parison for 24 days can be put in the fol-always cause greater loss than the attack, when you think of the training they have
virile populations of Europe in addition
to that.
་་་
lowing way:-
(1.)
器
That is what I would have said to the better for saying it now. young man in the lounge. I feel all the
on the north, the defence can soldiers, no doubt. So they ought to be, On the Some we advanced 3 miles take years to reach German territory than Haig, than Gough, than Maudo and at the present rate of progress it will had. But not more clever and akillal on a six-mile front. Here we have
The submarine is at work. Can England Great? No. advanced from two to five miles on
last until the French guns bombard Ber- -mile front. We have taken, in
bnt" fact, four times the amount of ter
"What about the condition of the ritory which was taken on the people!" it was asked. Somme.
"What is lack- There were double the number of Many of the important staples were not ing chiefly? Is there any real want?" German divisions opposed to us at to be had, it was said, in certain neigh Arras that there were on the bourhoods. Petroleum was among these Somine. Of theso exactly balf havo But the neople simply went to bed at dusk had to be withdrawn from the and got up at daylight. firing-line and sent to reserve,
Candles were (3)-Our casualties have of necessity been scares The bread had long since de- too expensive. Meat and eggs were very heavy, but they are from 50 to 75, but there Was
(2)
per cent, less than the casualties on the Somme.
In the future we have decided that it is the business of statesmanship in Great. Britain, as well as in the lands beyond the sens, to knit the Empire in closer bonds together of intorest of trade, of commerce, of business, and of general in Lercourse in affairs.
We have given grave consideration to this problem, and have decided that in' order to develop these enormous terri- tories in future it is necessary that excep tional encouragement should be given to the products of each part of the Empire. (Cheers) We believe that a system of preference can be established, which will not involve the imposition of burdena The House heartily cheered Mr. Bonar apon food. We believe that it can be Law as he proceeded to pay tributes to done without that, and, of course, with our artillery, and air service, both of food at its scazocat and at its dearest, this which bad shown their superiority to the is not the time to talk about putting addi- enemy. It was with deep emotion that tional burdens on food. But for purposes he said of the airmen that a more glorious of preference that would not be essential fighting fores had never existed in the You can secure that by other means, and history of the world. He ended charac more particularly by taking measures teristically by disclaiming any intention which other lands have taken for improv of making an optimistic speech. He said ing the communications between one part nothing about the future, but he claimed of their dominions and another. By these that we had every reason to be proud of means the products of one country inside what had already been done by our fellow this great Imperial Commonwealth ran
be brought more freely, readily, and economically to the markets of the others
countrymen:
of it.
the
may be said to suffer no inconvenience at all, while many of them, of course, are prospering as they never dreamed of proy pering before the war. It is caay for the tions, and neither the rich nor the poor rich to hold out under such condi certain have apparently the slightest conception It crumbled to pieces on of doing anything else. being cut, but it was edible and sustained life. Rice and butter were unobtainable, but there was enough fish and bread and a few other necessaries to go round from day to day. In fact, it might be called a famine, but the Austrians my it is
well organised famine," and there is always enough for the day, with a little left for to-morrow. Milk is extremely scarce, but there is oncugh for children under two years of age.
HOLDING. OUT 27.
The intervention of America was regard
What about America! it was askor ed with regret, but in no sense as a deci sive factor in the war, British blockade the Central Empire had Owing to the
since the war. There was thus no direct had little communication with America' loss to fear, while the Allies had been importing all they could from the begin ning
Soldiers?"
How long would it take America to send a real army to Spoon English soap which was big Krupps waiting for it? Can Eng Europe! That is, an army that will has gone up enormously in price, actually weigh in the balance
against the worth & few pence before the war now land last that long? If not, peace will This great Empire has infinite resources
sells for several shillings; but they say, he made with America when England in wealth, in minerals, in food products, forces of Britain absorbed upon the task one can hold out without soap if sues. If she can, there are the Emp in timber, and in every commodity need of subduing it. What did she find the things which is causing the greatest it takes a long time to explode
The lack of leather in one of necessary.
"Money Money means shella, and ful for man, and it is obviously to the Eager, enthusiastic, loval help for the inconvenience. An ordinary pair of ladollars worth of shella effectively. Can billion advantage, not merely of the particular Empire. (Cheera) I think they are enther shoes doubled in prios in a few England last as long as thst 1 countries where these products come from,
titled to ask that these loyal myriads months. Wooden soles are being used. but of every other part of the Empire, should feel, not as if they were a subject Of course leather soles are better,
These are the dominant ideas, it seems, including the United Kingdom, that these race in the Empire, but as partner na can hold out with wooden ones. The they may appear, viewed from a diame but one in Austria, and no matter how erronerus commodities should be developed to the tions. Both these questions require bold masses thus have to put up with many trically non-Austrian point of view, they utmost. It enriches, it strengthers, and statesmanship. Timidity, timorousness, serious deprivations and annoyances, but seem to indicate one thing of importance, it binds together the Empire as a whole. faintheartedness,
Germany's greatest disappointment in
abhorrent in peace or they have enough to live on for tomorrow which is that Austria is prepared to som this war has been India; and she has had
war in war are fatal.
Therefore
centrate all her energies on ** Ry to Britain, she has and the day after.
*** holding many the expected sedition, distrac tion, disaffection, disloyalty, and the
ignorance of actual conditions and hear- to "bold cat" before learning the utter ing of nothing but victories may be male (Continued at foot of next column.)
futility of doing either,Daily Mail,
faced the problems of war with a coufage The rich, an the other hand, it was said, and a nonalation kept in complete can buy whatever they want. Beyond poor broad and a shortage of butter they (Continued at foot of next column)
that hha amazed the world she must face the problems of peace in the same great spirit (Cheers.)
103]
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