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DAILY FRESS, THURSDAY, MAY CRD,
OVERSEAS TRADE. FUTILE GERMAN BLOCKADE. Striking figures bearing upon the re sults of the submarino war on our over- seas trade are quoted in the report for 1916 of the Liverpool Steam Shipowners Association. While admitting that in the twelve months ending on December 31st the losses in ships and cargoes were heavy, tho document states The records of the year have again shown how futile, is the attempted German blockade. In the ocean trades the losses from war perils have in the year represented 7 per cent. on the total tonnage of British ships em ployed, and 30s, per cent, on the value of the cargoes carried in these ships; and notwithstanding the so-called blockade, cargoes of the weight of upwards of upwards of 48,000,000 tons were brought from foreign countries into the ports of
GERMANY'S FAILURE IN
CHINA
1917
RUSSIA AND HER ALLIES, GREAT EFFORTS TO DEFEAT THE ENEMY
WAR PUBLICATIONS
• ERSATZ.
A STUDY IN THE SCIENCE. OF SUBSTITUTES,
GREAT BRITAIN BLAMED.. German- papers which arrived in London on March 14th, contain the first information to reach Great Britain re garding the abortive efforts of Germany and Austria-Hungary to avoid a breach with China Intemperate language by Han editors, writing under Foreign Office inspiration, chagrin with which the Germans the contingency which has now arisen.
Mr. Shingareff said in part — To realise the importance of China's decision ong needs to be reminded that Having visited the Belgian and throughout the war the vast German British fronts, we have been able to see and our comrades bore witness to it commercial organisation in China, huse the Committee what our. Allies. We saw the enormous pro gagantic efforts have been put forth by parations of the British bases, the end. less provision of supplies for the front we saw the great works which have made
Among the many pamphlets which have have recently come to hand an the most interesting is an extract from subjects connected with the war one of the verbatini report of the Imperial Russian Dumia, IVth Session, 16th sit- ating. Under the title Russia and have.
extraordinary, Hor Allies the speech of Mr. A. Take up any German indicates the Shingaroff, a member of the delegation to the allied countries, is published by Messrs, Burrup, Mathieson & Sprague, Ltd.
been restlessly at work preparing for
the war after the war. ?? Hamburg and Bremen exporting, in- the United Kingdom. After taking ato terests and Berlin banking interests, account the new ships completed since the working hand in hand with the German outbreak of war, the total tonnage of the diplomatic and consular service, have British mercantile murine employed in been completing far-reaching arrange-
half years of war by less than 5 per cent,"
THE BELGIAN AND BRITISH FRONTS.:
of coded i
Suppose you were deprived suddenly of the bulk of the ordinary things of life, what would you do? This is a question, to which, owing to the effectiveness of the tion of Germany have had to and, an answer,
the number and ingenuity British blockade, the bulk of the popula
or substitutes, they in producing are simply ZAWenner and. you will and the advertisement,columns- absolutely bristling with invitations to purchasers to try this and that substitute for articles of clothing, food, and house- hold requisites which have
which have vanished, into. the dim past.. » one advertise-
" “German house tea, says ment, the beet substitute for black tas and coffee, the product of the German forest. The price is 5d. a packet, and of Dresden, is by appointment to the the only manufacturer," John Schuster, King of Saxony. He does not state become popular hau yet: circles who tuer the ten hau in royal CORETS FOR SAXS
of the front one continuous fortress dozens of miles long. The military zone. is served by as many motors of Factory, Berlit Auch quantities of all kinds of mun tions and provisions that wo were ng-
Worth their weight in gold" declaren another announcement by the Chemical Berlin, and offering to sell recipes for substitutes for wash-powder rubber, starch, honey, soda, and a dozen
The recipe for a popper-
∙ton
ocean trades has been reduced in two and menta for exploitation of the Chinese tounded, and yet we can ASBUTO you that other thing shillings, but one for Carket the moment peace returned. The this great wave of war technique and substitute costs he had for one shill-
certain sre
A German vessels, that great naval victory bars, etc. The raw material, it is
of England's has been of the utmost service to us; for it has deprived the enemy of all chance of interfering with our Northern communications, and has diminished the probability of bis at- tacking us in the Baltic (Voice on the Left Long live the English fleet Sturms of applause of the Centre, and the Left.)
[uns to
21
war industry has not yet reached its baking powder cân
ing. The secret of the starch substitute fury now filling the German bosom is crest,
do however It is pointed out that the extraordinary due mainly to the realisation that, the We saw part of Admiral Jellicoe'sean be, learnt for 76. od but that of
Mesra Altenhofen and of being received by Admiral Beatty's success attained in keeping open our overturn which evente bare taken has smash gallant command, we had the pleasure head-tea cubes costs just
from sea tride has prevented the nation
ed rosy dreams of trade conquest in the squadron with that hospitality which is go, one better than this. For 15s, the characteristic of the British navy. The hungry German can receive twenty realising in its daily life the burden the
Far East after the war.
great naval victory which drove the secret recipes, including honey, honey sugar syrup, essences, war is placing on our oversea carrying
German fleet into its ports and put out butter, jam, WHAT THE EUNS OFFERN
out, can be bought anywhare, and. A Berlin comat unique" published on of action a considerable number of
cash on power. With more than one-half of the ships of the mercantile marine avoted to
delivery" is insisted on, ge war purposes and to the support or the March 9th says
Paper string or cord has entirely re- Allied nations, it is impossible to mainIt has already been hinted that
success is guaranteed, although ca
placed the ordinary.
and we find articles tain peace standards in our living or in Germany, acting in co-operation with our occupations. The State throughout Austria-Hungary, some time ago offered The year has exercised, full control over to the Chinese Government the same ad-
Herr Hachenburger, of Darmstadt, not content (with this control, or art, vantages as those with which the Entente Powers are now seeking to inveigle the
announcing, that he has several truckloads
sell"
, while Lazarus Giessen very cheap, tions of the public have demanded. State Chinese Empire Against its own interests
of paper string and cord, resisting a management of all-shipping 16 is on into an adventurous policy. In 1914
strain of a hundredweight, and a half, to declares that his paper string sold at fortunate that the demand should have Germany and Austria-Hungary declared become identified in part with the protests themselves agreeable to an increase in We recall with gratitude all that we 39 d. for two and a quarter pounds has made against high freight and ship the Chinese Customs rates. These rates have seen. We can learn many kasons been so "treated as to resist moisture." owners' profits, but it is essential that amount nominally too per cent, but, from the examples set us: the wonderful Soap substitutes are advertised in great and unity and courage of France; the wise variety, but apparently they are not all As Buccessful as might be wished. Thus the gravity of the issues involved should being breed on measurements
advertiser, in announc be considered apart
from thest
weights, their value is actually lower and harmonious conduct of affairs in
chlorine,
and sucal Germany and Cabinet and the members of Parliament: ing a first-class washing grease, says *The ensdinal fact is that, after satis The Chinese Government is anxious to great Britain, the solidarity of the one enterprising, adver fying war dmeads, the total shipping realise their full value. available in the world 18 not sufficient to Austria-Hungary announced their readi- the strength of Italy which, springing free from clay,
the trade. This best substitute is carry the cargoes demanding to be transness to approve of an increase to 12 per from the soul of the people, called the incomparably better than the clay ported, and the primary object of all pent on condition that the inland nation to arms against the common foegelatine substances at present current in expert advertises first-class salammonite State intervention must be to secure the transit, dues likm) were abolished. All this taken together is so reassuring
washing substances in 1lb. boga at £1 most effective use of all such ocean carry This proposal failed because of the op- and significant that we should do well sold in tubs of 120lb for £2:48. Another ing power as is available. In the consid position of the Powers to day at war to keep it constantly in mind,"
What the Belgians contingents went per 100th, while Messrs. Lehmann and economize in gopp, and use eration of how this object can be best at ith us above all, Japan, Russia, and THE BELGIAN COLONIAL CAMPAIGNS,
through in the Cameroons and German Sons of Berlin, appeal to their fellow lained, at mast he realised that we are, England
to he had everywhere." in great measure, dependent on the car
OFFER OF FILIENDSHIP,
BOAPA rying power
of vessels under foreign What, in other words, we then offer. East Africa is told in the booklet on bon
thee to Ching out of friendship and was the subject published by Sir Josephone sosh-saver, to
hasis of this war- flags Under peace conditions, the ployment of foreigu vesels was a business rejected on secunt of the hostility of Canton & Sons, Ltd. entitled The The suggestion by the advertiser quoted German East Africa. The dif soap ands toormation in an advertise convenience, but with the war demands the Powers named has now been offered Belgian Campaigns in the Cameroon above that clay in the which can only be met by vessels burday to the Chinese Government by those same edities they encountered and the hardent which offers for sale cheap a bought at com- the British
ich Bay, it is now a absolue Powers to induce it to break off relationships they endured are best told in the disused steve factory,
the production WAR with Germany and her alles relieve allowing order of the day issued by the pulsory sale by auction, with large clay OF CARRYING POWER The following table slaws the extent utumn of 1918 we also offered to relieve French general under whom they bed, also suited for
China of her Boxer indemnity obliga-
foughta - to which our imports of food and ions in the form of a loan. This also For more than 18 months you have In Bavaria the authorities have become materials have been, and are now being, carried in vessels under our own and has now been offered in the Chiness by been exposed to the scorching heat of other flags. The figures repres at the our enemies to make her agreeable to the day and the cold damp of the comparative carrying power of British their political cima data by NA
borrential rains of the Equator; you and foreign ships employed in the foreign" Its for the Chinese Government to night ou have been subjected to the trade of the United Kingdom, the carry decide by comparison of the offers, their have traversed impenetrable forests and ins power employed under peace condi- dates, and the guid pro quos required fetid marshes; you have carried one For on which side China's friends are to be after the other the enemy's entrench- tions being taken ng 100:
ments, losing numeroue comrades there. thpt thì i roto
CHINA KNOWS OUR STRENGTH
in want of food, sometimes over of Ponce conditapas, 12 months. 071 33 100 Motires have been taken for in- munitions, with your clothes in rage, Imperial pudding powder, foreign First 6 months of war
53 forming Chine thoroughly of our mili-you pursued your glorions march with warce, manufacturer unknown, in ban Second
22 268 tary and conomic position, so that out one complaint or murmur until you ned, and sauce cubes with potato and 1409161 she can be fully informed, when making attained the goal set, before you. I gulasch favour, prepared by Herr *
Strieter, of Chemnitz, may not tempt the Fourth Fifth
41 - 199 - 60 her decision as to the Allies motives,
his Before leaving the contingents of appetite, the same fate befalling It will be seen from the above table that, and the facts of the whole world situ am proud of commanding such troops. comparatively, the war and it demands tion. It is to he expected that China the Belgian Public Force, it is my duty Kaneum, meat soup substitute dice have reduced the total carrying power has convinced herself that to accede to testify to the very great value to us A second list issued by the same available for the United Kingdom trade the deure of the Allies would least of of the co-operation of there fine troops, authorities gives the names of substitutes and from the bottom of my heart I pay which may be purchased. They include. in the ratio of from 100 to 60, and that all serve Chinese interests."
to the European officers and ron-com-"Butterol for spreading on bread" or such power as is left 11 is in Bhips
missioned officers, and to the native the British, and 10 in ships ander unders foreign" flage
ge Under normal conditions,
praises they have earned by their bravery our oversea food supplies and raw
troops and sub-officers, the tribute of the under fire, and by the patience and self materiala, amounting in the year to up-
The hospitality offered by President wards of 16,000,000 and 26,000,000, tens waight respectively, were obtained from Wilson to all enemy aliens resident under denial they have shown during the whole the sources apmed in approximately the the United States flag has already been course of this long and arduous cam-
violated by at least two Germans resid-paign.
about 20,000 following proportions:--
Food Raw Materials enta, Conrad Andre (formerly, German Germany occupies Fer cent. For sent.
vies consul at Cebu and latterly represquare kilometres of Felgian territory 20 il
senting the interests of Behn, Meyer & but Belgium holds nearly 200,000 square 10%
Company at that port, and Waldeman kilometres of German territory in Schmidt (manager of the Manila Bution Africa, The book concludes,
Both of these men No doubt the latter does not com- Substitute To bring in thes, supplies British and Factory in Manila). foreign vessels made upwards of 40,000 have been taken into custory by con pensate for the former, but, neverthe voyages in the year. The extent to which stabulary anthorities and are now held less the Belgian victorice in Africa our imports have been maintained despite as a precautionary measure: The arrest have considerably strengthened the the dislocation and losses caused by the of Andre Dccurred in Cebu at three political position of Belgium. var are shown by the appended figures, o'clock in the morning (says the Vanila representing the total weight of fareign Bulletin). A prominent government trade imports in the periods namely: oficial said that apparently nothing short of an insurrection against the PRACE CONDITIONS
January-July, 191425,783,678 authority of the United States in these islands was behind the plans of the form- 24,344,627 er Teuton vice-consul. 24,211,749 24.033,958 £2,737,708 421,007,945
Empire ***** Allied countries Ju Neutral countries Energy countries
WIR CONDITIONS *
Six months to Jan. 31, 1915 Six months to July 31, 1915 Six months to Jan, 31, 1916 Six months to July 3, 1016 Six months to Jan. 31, 1817-
STATE MANAGEMENT.
Tons
found.
GERMANS IN THE PHILIPPINES.
por cont
suspicious of some of these substitutes, and have published a list of articles with the of which is prohibited. Thus the teter washing majorini ond the Soap substitute of Herr manufacturer name attached the sale
Josef Schmidt, of Munich, may not be sold,
while Georg Moorsdori, of Leipzig "prevented from reaping the profits of his Perplex Boiling starch.
sauce powder Fako - a somewhat
jam tablets," Bona Mocca coffee substitute,
and cake-powder, appropriate name Gedro Strusemann's cake
Thuringian Sanerbrauten sauce,"
and useful articles. other busty
There appears, indeed, to
be
and
o article
for which the ingenious German is not prepared to find a substitute. The idea of substitution has become so important even find advertisements like the follow- part of the national thought that we
ings
for foreign countries. Education in scientific and domestic knowledge for young girls from sixteen poultry breeding." years and upwards, also gardening and
Thus Belgium has found in Afrion, As she will soon find in Europe, the just reward for her good faith, her respect mensely to the strength of the fighting for right, and the courage with which fronts. There are many other ways in she has resisted injustice which the populations of subjugated Germany on her part, is to day ex countries can be used, and principally prating in both continents the double it is necessary to consider and deter crime she did not hesitate to commit by mine the military value of impressed violating Belgian neutrality on the one men on lines of communication This hand, and by letting loose this protract also is of much increased importance in ed war on the Congo, by her sudden war to day. It is difficult to assess this attack on Lakuga, on the other extra strength in actual figures.
If Germany were to give Holland, Someone Bas said that in politics all mistakes are paid for. Present eventa Denmark, Norway, and perhaps Sweden prove conclusively that it is the same the choice of joining her or being sab with iniquities they also are paid for. jugsted, what would be the effect upon sooner or later. Germany's military position ther
The inevitable results are waste of time loss of ocean carrying power, and do creased imports. If the ocean carrying In regard to the results of State man power, and therefore the imports, bo re agement, the report asserts that two and dead undor State management even by a half years, experience has shown that onlylo per cent and judging by all pay
it under it there in constant and serious experience under such management at my wastage. One-third of the British merwell be reduced by 25 cantile marine has a carrying capacity in ward the nation will be faced with BALL NATIONS AND THE GEEMANS. The subjugation of these other Deoen trades in the course of a year, of
actual
shortage in
It is further ports and export and it is manifest that contended that any attempt to keep the if the remaining two thirde had been freights that can be earned by foreign utilised only in proportion to third under military control then tonnage in the United Kingdom trade below the rates that are offering in the must have starved.
in business, international Freight market plays direct cargoes had to be carried for merchants jy into the enemy's hands by
were in no way responsible for the our mental overs a supplies; freights or for the detention of the ships It is the want of labour in the ports in port, and
upwards of 63.000.000 tons weight of, mvation and panic pial supplies, pri Lord French is responsible for an in- States!! replied Lord French, it will in-
who
one-
terview, written by Mr. Edward Price crease German military power in propor- Bell, which appeared in the Chicago tion as her military strength has been Dalit Newk, on The Germans and the enhanced by impressing the populations mall nations, which is published in of the smaller countries she alread amphlet form by Messrs. J. J. Keliber overrun
Then are all these little States about Co. Ltd
Field Marshal Lord French speak Germany in the nature of life blogs that ing with characteristic animation and she might seize it she were: sinking directness, said:
Among other valuable publications
the profits and success of (concludes the report) and more specialField fortification and spade-work es; I think s02 the shipowners providing the ships were ly on the railways that is wanting the of far more importance and value of a similar nature are Alsace- in no way dependent on the uses to which carrying power of the shing now, aral day than at any previous time in the Lorraine, the history of an annexation." the ships were put, the waste of carrying able, and limiting the building of new story of war. If the manual labour published by the French league for the power in commerce would be no less than tonnage In the opinion of the associais entailed can be carried out by im- rights of man, The Peses terms of the the waste in war
tion, the labour that is so urgently needed pressing the populations of countries Allies Messrs. Richard Clay & Sons, can only he found in the Home Defence which have been subingated by hostile td and The Gorman Note and the Army, and it is on the lins at the Transons, this, of course, would add im Reply of the Allies, Messrs. T. Fisher port Workers Betteliems that ench labour should be organized and provided.
Hence the association views with grave concern the growing number of British ships placed under State management (Continued at foot of next column)
(Continued at foot of next column).
Unwin, Ltd.