AN ANGLO-AMERICAN
›ENTENTE,
THE BOND OF THE MOTHER TONGUE,
[BY J. D. WHELP/EY.]
THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, FRIDAY, MARCH 9TH, 1917.
MR. BONAR LAW'S REPLY THE TRADE UNION OUTLOOK.
TO PRESIDENT WILSON.
WHAT HE IS LONGING FOR WE
LIFE OR DEATH NOW?
BULES IN ABEYANCE
Saddenly came the war, and the ce for at enormous increase of production not only of shells but of all that war consumes; the insistence by the War Ofice and the Admiralty on the immedi [BY A COBRESPONDENT TO THE TIMES.")
ste supply of things which had not hith-
national competition, much will depend been its previous product, in the now In the increasing stres, of inter-erto been made; the plain need of using overy kind of factory, whatever may bare for this country on the rapidity and the and gigantic tack; and, at the same time, smoothness with which our industries can the absorption into the Army of many resume their normal work. If the thousands of the men who had hitherto sumption is hampered by ill-feeling and done the work of the kind now required, suspicion between employers and work mon still more, if it is delayed by indus trial war-the less to the community
WAR CHANGES
Tẹt in the game-Bergol makes Puny, Peevich People Finmy snd Foynlas SARGOL, the concentrated food that puts on good, healthy fesh, sometimes at the rate of a pound a day, builds up the thin and weak, brings back the rosy blush of health, rounds out the skinny, scrawny figures to lines of beauty and plumpness, does it easy, quickly and effectively insta
bono,
series of costly
You don't understand it! Well, to tell the truth, teither do we.. But after a building elements, which have performed wonders in making thin people plump and lat.
experiments
we" hit upon an idea" and produced a combination of tissue Sargol was made to put flesh on thin folks, but we don't understand one-half the other remarkable things it does for the thin and undeveloped, the pale and the weak, the dell and the lot legs. It is not a drug nor a stimulant, but can be best classed as a concentrated
food with high tissue-knilding murel food that creates rich, red." *** blood, builds brain and hardens flabby
and Lako potion. or eggsimilate
To meet the need all sorts of changes be incalculable. A grave peril hangabad to be made-factories had to be over the nation on the coming of peace extended r adapted, new and additional Second only in urgency to the problem machinery had to be introduced, pro- of demobilization is the problem of the tesses had to be changed, the relation of restoration of what are called trade the operative to the machine had often anion conditions. Unless this most dif- to be revolutionized, a great development ficult position is candidly faced in all of standardized or repetition work re- its aspects, by the trade unions as well placed the series of slightly differ ng as by employers, and above all by the tasks to which the skilled mechanic had Government, before the war has come to hitherto been sety and, as the demand an end and unless a solution is timely grew, fresh classes of oporatives had to which will not be projudicial to the ticed men, sorai-skilled men, labourers, found which all parties will accept, and be fought is, non-unionists, unappren nation's industrial development, there is boys, even women and girls. The net serious danger, throughout the whole of work of agreements and usages, rules ado the engineering and some other trades, customs too everywhere in the way of of calamitous industrial strife. these industrial transformations. What
BULEH AND CUSTOMS SUSPENDED
might be urobjectionable or even mur The outbreak of war found the British ually serviceable in peace was obviously) manufacturing industries carried on It was a time for mere revision, or for under complicated network of usages any nicely calculated less or more. The and regulations, differing from district trade unions which wore the only bodies to district, and often from establish with whom negotiations could be carried went to establishment. These customs on, although the tens of thousands of rules had been built up during several non-unionists were equally concerned generations with the more or less ox were accordingly asked by the Govern
ing Employers Federation, to consent, plicit acquiescence of the employers, ment, in conjunction with the Engineer-
to give up not this or that trade union for the duration of the war, at one blow rule or custom, but the whole network wherever any employer thought that it was in any way interfering with the utmost possible production.
and makes ever a confirmed
me sit up and PhD & Lissue it has higher value
to
utmost
Bargul help you to assimilate your food, to get the more good out how your gestion has improved, how the blue melancholy feeling goes, mooth
taste?
improved, how the blue me
how good
"Your wea
belief that what, may benefit the whole future It is a question of life or death engineering and indeed, most other not suitable for the exigencies of war A few days more and you begin to take on flesh. You look better, act better, you
They were sometimes embodied in written
LABOUR'S BACRIFICE,
can do more, do it quicker and essier. Your friend slaps you on the shoulder and says: "Hello, Bil, you're looking fine, never saw you looking better
But you don't need to be told this. You know it yourself. You know you sJU gaining weight, feeling more at thou you bave felt for years
A. E. Warwon & Co., Keny
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ARE FIGHTING FOR? Speaking at a War Loan meeting at Bristol Mr. Bonar Law made reference. The year 1914 marked the beginning to President Wilson's speech on the peace question. He said: President Wilson's of a new era in world politica In that aim is to have peace now, and security year the nations formed themselves into for peace in the future That is our aim groups the characters of which are utter also hear, hear) and it is our only ly at variance with the pre-war predicnim. He hopes to secure that by means tions of the ablest and most for accing of a League of Peace among the nations, atatesmen and diplomata, With the and to do President Wilson Justice he formation of these groups came to an end not only put this forward as an aspira the time when any one nation could tion, but he trics to get the American exist for long in political or ceonomic Senate to do something that would make isolation. The United Statoe was spit possible. It would not be right to or parently the only great Power left out upon the question as altogether Utopian. of these international arrangements of You know that only quite recently, aimest ID14,
Two years have gone by since up to our own time, duelling wa, com thon, and with the passage of time, the man, and now the idea that private progres of war and the many inter quarrels should be settled
the sword haa become unthinkable. national happenings of those crowded years a deep conviction has come to
"I think it is not impossible I hope thoughtful Americans that the day of
it may prove possible that the time may their national isolation is noaring ita come when the nations of the world will endook upon what Cromwell described as It will not be for reasons of sell to his great work ng their work to that of tection or material profit that Amon being a constable to preserve pesce in the will join forces with other countries in parish. That is not impossible, but this the near future, excopt for the natural for us is not an abstract question for the world will also benefit each part there now. When we consider whether the aims of. The United States is practically which he and we have in common can be self-contained country, as has been secured by his methode, we cannot forget Strikingly demonstrated in this war, and the past. For generations humane mon, the one hundred million people living men of good will among the nations, have therein are by renson of natural and striven by Hague Conventions, by Peace artificial defences and resources better Conferences, by every menas, to make able to take care of themselves without war impossible, and at all events, if not assistance than any other antion. Wat mitigate its horrors. But if war breaks. ti make it impossible, at any rate to a vast and effective population, an almost incredible accumulation of win the tained freedom to signed by Trade Unions and Employers how are those barriers to be main codes or agreements, drawn up and tremendous natural resources and an in-At the very outbreak of war Ger- Associations, or by particular employers ventive and enterprising national spirit, many swept aside every one of those for the conduct of their own establish it is impossible, however, that America barriors. At this very moment she is ments. Sometimes they were recited in should not some day in the near future driving the popatacs of conquered terri- trade union books of rules, known to the play a part in international affairs more tories into slavery and worse than that employers, or in local working rules to
carly commensurate with the power that in some cases. She is making subjects of which the employers of the district had Federation were specially concerned What the Engineering Employers' has been given into the bands of her peo out Allies take up arms against their own agreed. Very often, however, many of about, as frankly explained in their pro ple, than is the case at the moment country. All this has happened, and no AMERICA AND FOREIGN ENTANGLEMENTS. neutral countries
the usages and customs were not em posals of November, 1814, was to get com been have able to stop America will not be able to play this it, and, more than that, no neutral coun- existed independently of any trade dilute labour by setting one or two bodied in any written document, and plete freedom for each employer to part alone, for no single nation, no tries have made any protest against it matter how strong it is, will be able to at least any effective protest. It is for us union; Grising, in fact, among workmen skilled mechanics to help and direct a do this in the future. There is no posa question of life or death. We must who were non-unionist quite as much as score of less skilled workers; to break up sibility, even of Amories becoming a
have stronger guarantees for the future among trade unionist, and representing, the jobs so as to bring them within the "balance of power," for the inter-pence of the world
in an effective way, the spontaneous capacity of semi-skilled workers; to in cational scales are now too tremendous "What President Wilson is longing public opinion of the workabep, troduce automatic machinery and engage in their sweep to allow of a single nation
for we are fighting for (prolonged Thig network of rules and agreements, non-unionists and unapprenticed mon, performing this important function heors) our son, and brothers are dying usages, and customs was more extensive labourers, and women; to work, if need America must align herself with others for and we mean to secure it. The hearts than is usually realized. It covered be, an unlimited number of hours seven to all out the manaure of her own dos of the people of this country are longing different points in different trades, and days a week, without regard for Factory tiny. The words of the first President, for peace, a peace which will bring back often in different districts of the same Acte or bolidays; to substitute for the Washington, still linger in the ears of peace which will mean that those who
in safety those who are dear to us, but a trade. Taking the network sa a whole, standart time ratee whatever piccowork his countrymen. He warned them against will never come back shall not have laid and at its widest, it embraced not only or bonus systems they found convenient,
foreign entanglements." The present down their lives in vain.
the standard rates of wages, and the and, above all, so to speed up the state of the world was not within the
length of the normal working day to machinery and abrogate all customary zango of Washington's vision, however
gether with the arrangements for over limitations on individual output as to wide that may have been. He had no when the mease of the people are in time, night work, Sunday duty, mesi- get the very maximum of production. antimation as to how smail the world was articulate one to the other as it would times, and holidays, but also the exact to become in the jostling of nations.
ba for two individuals to form an in classes of operatives (apprenticed or For weal or for woo America will soon telligent friendship were their communi skilled, semi-skilled or unskilled, labour. Upon the strong appeal made by the take the path that leads to foreign cations confined to the making of gesers or women) to be engaged or not to Government the trade unions, without entanglements," and it has even now tures. The real and lasting alliances of be engaged for various kinds of work, single exception, agreed to do what the come to that point when under one pre- the future will be between peoples, and upon particular processes, or with dif- national interest required. It was not s text or another internations, agreements not between Governments only
ferest types of machine, whether non matter of bargain with this or that union are seriously discussed. President Wilson, Britain is the only country in which unionists should be employed at all; only with which special terms as to has wild that white America may keep the poople speak the same languago as is what processes should be employed for waiving the exact restoration of the con. ent of the war, she will not be able to spoken in America, and this in itself, so particular tasks; what machines should ditions might conceivably now be at Keep out of the next, and, acting upon far as America is concerned, eliminates be used for particniar joba; how the ranged. Practically the whole world of this muggestion, it has been arranged other countries from the running machines should be pinced in relation to Labour was concerned. The terms offer that within three years America will only It may seem that too great stress is laid each other, and the speed at which they ed by the Government were accepled, on De orcalled by Great Britain as a naval upon this point, but this is not so for should be worked; whether one ope- beball of Labour as a whole, by the Power, and will even become the great many reasons, most of which are peculiar rative should complete a whole job, or Parliamentary Committee of the Trades eat if Great Britain dogs not maintain to America. The Government of that coun
attend only to one machine, or form part, Union Congress and the Management ker naval strength in the future as it try is denied the privilege of secret of a team of specialized operatives each Committee of the General Federation of exiata bordas. In brief, it is now plainly diplomacy No treaty can be made doing a different process; what wages, if Trade Unions, by the Federation of En intimated that America will soon be every word of which and every shade of any, should be paid in the intervals begineering and Shipbuilding Trades, the looking for a partner or for partnere meaning that might be put into those tween jobs, or whilst waiting for mate Amalgamated Society of Engineers, and with whom she may hopede influence the words are not known to overy citizen rial, and what notice of termination of half a dozen other engineering unions, world's affairs to the heat interests of and fully discussed in public before is engagement should be given; whether by the Shipyard Trades Agreement Com we allowed to go into effect. The late John boys or girls or young persons should be mittee and the main shipbuilding unione, It his never been seriously suggested Hay, when the American Secretary of employed at all, or in what processes by the National Union of Railwaymen that America would consider an alliance State, negotiated nearly thirty treaties or with what machines, or in what pro and the Transport Workers Federation, with any country other than Crust that were rejected by Congress. To proportion to the adult workmen, whether by the General Union of Textile Workers Britain. There are the strongest possible pose an offensive and defensive alliance the remuneration shoud be by time or and the National Union of Boot and reasons why & close alliance with any with a country whoes people spoke by the piece, and under what conditions, Shoe Operatives, by the Furnishing ather country would be impossible, ao language eller than that employed in at what rates and with what allowances; Trades Association and the Ka'f a dozen less it were that, by allying herself with America would be waste of time and perhaps where it prevailed most principal wood-working unions, by the Britain, America was drawn into a Al the immigration that has come to severely criticised of all, but by no means British Steel Smelters and other metal group of which England was the sponsor America in the last one hundred years universally existing what amount of unions, and by the three principal unions and over which British pargoso and has not been able to dislodge Anglo output by each operative should be con-representing over a quarter of a million
desis exorcised control.
Saxon predominance in the affairs of sidered a fair day's work, not to be con No two antions speaking bo same Government, la literature and religion siderably exceeded under penalty of the Tanguage are fighting against each other in the United States. Only one Fre in this war. It is also true that there sident has been of other than British serious displeasure of the workshop. saa nover be a perfect alliance between origin, and he was of Dutch extraction, REASONABLE ARRANGEMENT, any two nations which do not speak being no less a personage than Theo-
the whole armour of trade union re the same tongue. There can be strong dore Roosevelt, now an ardent advocate rules and customs, each set of workmen reidd For the weapons slowly forged To their own particular network of gulations upon which they had hitherto economic and military alliances between of the cause of the Allies. The Germans attached enormous importance so great during long years of struggle. countries, these alliances being arranged are absolutely logical in extending their by the respective Governments, the bone stred of the English to cover the native that employers had often found it desir directly or indirectly, might have tended its fully appreciated by the peoples, and American for the latter lives his life able to acquiesce in or even explicitly to to reduce the output during the war, mutual understanding exishug be under a legal system brought from Eng-re-do its continuance in order to ar The Government asked Labour to put all tween those individuals who are able to land, and is inspired by the same idoneive at any agrement as to rates of these on one side. It was a great deal communicate with each other. A perfect and ideals of right and wrong in national to their customary neages and rules never been asked for greater sacrifices, but wages. Nor was the workmen's attachment to sek. I doubt it any community bas siliance, between two nations, if such and individual conduct se are those who tirely unreasonable; or, as the political thing is possible, means that this people latin England as their home. Before economiste, would now say, without come with a loyalty and statomanship which of each risition are able to vranalise the the war over three hundred thousand. habit of thought of the other, this not Americang crossed the Atlantic each economic justification. These conditions cannot be over-estimated the request was applying to the few who are particularly spring and returned in the automo as the workmen held, formed an essential adily granted. The trade unions re well informed, but to all, farmers. With the great majority the first foreign service. What the employer paid for was they were conceding. It was promised to Part of their individual contracts of quired, and they were right to require a | Berupulous record and recognition of what workmen and business men, as well as pilgrimage was made to England, and their labour exercised under these can them se right, but they will receive scholars, diplomats or social cosmopolites even thereafter, when they sought variety ditions Invidious as some of them
in other lands, they generally visited in might appraz to persons without the more not only the restoration of the Butweon America and England, there for a time on each outward or wage carner's knowledge, they had system they temporarily abandoned, but
homeward journey. England has always foro, exists a bond like that between not been looked upon by travelling any found by experience, so it seemed to the the gratitude & the Army and the Fe other two great countries in the world cans as a welcome retreat from the men, to be indispensable safeguards genation (Mr. Montagu in the House of
Commons, August 15th, 1816.) - Satur 10 with the exception of German and eccentricities of foreign tongues, It is the customary rate of wages necessary Austria, and the closeness of the alliat ce considered, so to speak, as being not for defence against a progressive degrade between those two countries is tribute to from home. the binding power of a mutual tongue. This point of sympathetic contact acts in every way to bring about a good under standing The citizens of one country travelling in the other have the advan Esge of free social intercourse, and the liberature of one nation becomes a smp plement to the literature of the other The newspapers of each country can be read in both, the schools of each are open to the students of both, and all technical, classical, scientific and literary labour is a matter of common advantage or enjoy rent to two peoples who speak one lang uage. The advantages of an alliance ment That's for aliens," he said. from his factory Observance of the between two nations of a single tongue Yes," said the American, but I am as usages made for smooth running. Just euro are obvious, for a vast majority of the alien The constan's looked very as the weight of the atmosphere is net Liverishness, clear the complexion and euro Bilionipuma, Biok Headaches, people of any nation speak only their thoughtful for a moment, and then said felt pressure, the long-continued greeten the breath. Of all chemists, or rative language, and it is almost no difalowly and with an intonation of doubt, customs of artablishment that songht no post free for 50 cents the phisl, from Dr. Hoult for ons nation to gympathetically Well I suppose an American is an change zometimes failed even to reach the Williams Medicing Co., 90, comprehend the character of another alien, but I never thought of it that way employer's consciousness. He was often Road, Shanghai
(Continued at foot of next column) before,Daily Chronicle
unaware of their existence.
BINDING POWER OF A MUTUJAL TONGUE.
tion of their standard of lifs.
labourers and nondescript workers, All these organizations placed on one side, zaid a grateful Minister of Muni- tions 18 months later, pa
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HONGKONG TIDE TABLE
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Mean Time
Moan
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Height
2m 9.
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It U only just that the magnitudə of Bauj 113 the sacrifod made by organized labour an should be remembere± Bari pery Men 12 m
difficulty.
The attitude of the average English Nor was existence of such man towards Americane was unwittingly work of usages altogether detrimental or magnitude now increases the national expressed by a country constable who, in distasteful to the employer doing a the early days of the war, was going stoody-going business io quies, times, it about putting up notices informing may be that it prevented the greatest pis-
ions that they must register with the sible output. Some managers might
JUST ONE AFTER DINNER police. On his round he met an Ameri sent this or that rale or custom, or chate will prevent that uncomfortable beavy can, and in the course of the ensuing against this or that restriction on their feeling and aid digestion. Two taken at conversation quite coenally mentioned autocracy The capitalist, eager to bedtime dispel Constipation as gently as the purpose of his journey. The Auer Americanice his workshop might de mature sext morning. can became interested at once, and read plore the restrictions thus placed on pro- one of the notions Why," he said. duction an unecaromic But the typical that means I must go and register" English employer found that he was not The constable looked at him in astonish doing so badly. He knew what to expert
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