CUTLER PALMER & CO'S
NAPIER JOHNSTONE'S
Known as the
OLD
SQUARE"
WHISKY.
ESTABLISHED
1745.
BOLEAGENTS IN HONGKONG LAND SOUTH CHINA:
LANE, CRAWFORD & CO.,
and from ALL WIRE MEROSANTS,
APIOLINE
(CHAPOTEAUT)
LADIES
CACC
For fuustiona; troublês, doldy, pain won those irregularities, peculiar tu
Fremribed by the highest French 3 dias authorities and superior to Tinsey, steel Drops and Penny royal. GRAPOTEAUZ, 8, une Viviesus, Paris:
KIME NEW FRENCH REMEDWO
THERAPION NO
THERAPION NO 2
BURES BLOD 201801 (BAD LEGE, TREI TEA,
THERAPION NO 3
QUIVIS DURONTO WEAKNESSES, DRAINS, LOST VERNON, AS BOLD BY LEADING ONEMISES, PRICE IS ENGLAND ZE DENG UTAMA HODREM SHVELDIG FOR: RE PREBOOK TODELS GLERE MESTO, KA CUMER DAVERSTOCK RD, TAMPRPRAD, LONDON, LOR TELE SEYREWORACKMITANTELEON) FORMAT ZARERO KUN
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ISITORS TO CANTON By Bhould. Purtasso (24 FROM HONGKONG TO CANTON
BY THE PEARĮ, RIVER,“”“
CAPTLLS C V. LLOYD With Iliustrations, Maps and Plags.
PRICE
On Sale at
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Hongkong: "Daily Press " Office
Mers, KELLY & WALRI, LTD. Messrs. Bɛiwalk & Co.
Csaton: Menara A. B. Winson & Co.
THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, WEDNESDAY FEBRUARY 28TH, 1917.
IF YOU FEEL A COLD
APPROACHING-
"a hot bath at bed-time and a dose of Pinkettes, the little gentle as-usture laxa tives, form the best preventative.
PINKETTES
dispel Constipation, Biliousness,storpil liver, sick headnobes, and clear the com-- plexion. Of Chemists, or 60 cents the phial, from Dr. Williams Medicine Co., 98, Szechuen Rond, Shanghai,
(81-01
FORTHCOMING EVENTS.
TOTAS
11.45.-Hongkong Races Std Day.
Saturday, 3rd Marolı —
.Hongkong Races-Of Dar. Wednesday, 7th March
9.15 p.zu. -- New Bandman Oust Co., at the
Theatre Royal High Jinks" Ars, and 17.. 8th and 9th March
Thais.
Flower snil Vegetable Show in the Botanical
Garden
Saturday, 10th March
P
11.30 am-Hongkong Hope Manufacturing 1999 Ltd, Meeting of Shareholdera
DAI NIPPON
p.m.-- Hongkong and Bouth Chins Steam Fisheries Co. Ltd. General Meeting at the Office of the Liquidaters Now Government Building?
ASAHI BEER.”
ASAHI BEER ORAND PRIZE 2.
SAHI
LAGER-BEER
SPEMALEY BREWED
EXPORT
COMPANY
SOLE AGENTS:
BREWERY CO., TOKYO.
MITSU BUSSAN KAISHA,
TEL NO. 280 or 155
of
Bovril develops big reserves strength
[04:
IT MUST BE BOVRIL
BRIT SH TO THE BACKBONE
A Good Digestion"
FARM WOMEN.
PREJUDICE AND PROGRESS. There is a species of Man which does not like Womas, It is confined at pre- sont to hear they have against-wotnan
farmors, an
She is expensive
She does not like getting up early
not believe cdiys want milking
She is no good with horses. Sho cannot stand about in wet clover. She cannot plongh, an She has to be taught to work on the
She needs a proper hume.
SATIN FOR SANDBAGS,
HUN REIGN OF ROBBERY IN LILLE
A prominent trader who through a and sickuces was allowed to leave Lille just before Christions has arrived in Paris, and gives examples of the barbar ous practices of which the inhabitants are
the victims.
In 1918, the Germans exacted a tribute of £720,000, which the municipality re fosed to pay Whereupon the Germans went to the municipal vaults and opened the infer with blowpipes in approved burglar style. Two motor cars we re quired to remove the bullion stolen from the city's coffers.
BRITISH MERCHANT SHIPS. have undergone in at least cno ship
CONDITIONS IN THE BUILDING
YARDS
vard workers union the rates for the last few wooks have been the highest for quarter of a century., But many of the men are working as hard as in pre- war times, and the evil tends to become
„DRINK AND HIGH" EARNINGS.
When it comes to an investigation of the causes of bad time-keeping, prejudico mist be put on one side. Drink is un- doubtedly a factor in the problem, but it is certainly not the only, factor, and it is probably not the most important Whatever may have been the case before the Central Control Board got its grip
For a proper understanding of the more aggravated. problem of labour organisation for ship cal nature of hindrances to the maximum output which spring from trade - anton rules and regula tions and to pierce the mind of those who maintain than, says a special crrespondent of The Tomce. Apait from irregular timekeeping nothing has been more fruitful of trouble to shipbuilding employers than the rules governing demarcation of work between skilled crafts
the liquor trade, drunkenness, is not. noticeably more prevalent among ship- vard employes today than among other classes of manual workers. It is a note- worthy fact that, owing to the restricted facilities for drinking, the number of cases before the magistrates in Glasgow and Newcastle on the second day of the New Year was insignificant; and that in spite of the hourlays in the ship-
yards,
Labourers will not work with her. The Farmer'a Boy is evidently following in the footsteps of his master, for he does
In spite of specific provisions in the not like women either, he will not work
Munitions Act, Treasury conferences, and with them. Certainly he has a little rea son for his dislike Women workers come When the people were ordered to supply local agreements, questions of demarca and do the lighter jobs which were forma enormous number of sandbags they re-tions are continually arising and imped- erly to him the only relief from the heavy plied that it was impossible. All right, ing the rapid production of ships One work
sold the Governor, we will make their rada non disputes with another which urselves. Hun soldiers then seized every should do a particular piece of work, kind of material, even eating and silks, in and while the employer fulfils the uncont the shops and warehouses and exported fortable function of a buffer between the The primary cause of bad time-keeping, them to Germany where the sacks were colliding forces the work suffers Some in the view I close observers, is the high trades abide loyally by their promises level of earnings in certain trades. Men made, and the nity had to pay the bill.
shipwrights, for instance, have raised belonging to the “black squad boiler- few objectium since the early days of the makers, rivelters, caulkers, and platers, wax to the employment of joiners op work-find that us pieer workers they can earn which previously had been strictly re all they need by working only three served for shipwrights. On the other or four days a week and they ace no band, frequent conflict has arisen between reason why they should work on the plumbers and engineersIK other days. Some of them, indeed, will
Between these trades there are agrée- ments.cf long standing, made after many supplies a good reason why they should
He also thinks the war will soon be over nud he is not going to encourage compe titors in petticoats. With his master's opinion,
School-boys over twelte are superior to women he fully agrees But he is beginning to be a hulle doubtful of his master Did not Furiner Xeny twelve months ago that ho would not haye, e women at any price And has not he got ten now and boasting of it!
tell you frankly, that the income tax
Some shops have had their entire stocks, taken in return for requisition notes, If the Germans la 100 find what they want they take anything they please Their officers have sent wagon-loads of Can it be that women are getting uff to Belgium to be sold on their behalf, has even be known for German over the farmor as they have done over Atickers to arrive and open shop to every other man since Adami ate the ap-self to the inhabitants the goods stolen ple! The Farmer's Boy himself put in from them by the invaders,
years of strife, by which certain work not work more. In many branches of the with two wonten an the farm, but then
When the population turned deaf ear
is apportioned to certain trades. The shipbuilding industry workmen are com- they are exceptions" they can do a day's work and stick the bad weather.to an order to surrender all lead, zinc, respective trade unions, not from want of plaining bitterly against the income tax Every woman who proves her worth on the luminium, and copper in their posses patriotism, but from want of confidence assessments and the refusal of the autho
of paper scraps land is an exception to every Farmer's sion in exchange for ***
in one another, have been slow to pull itics to allow reasonable abatements for Boy,
the shops and houses were entered by down these barriers, They do not fur the cost di tools and travelling neces beer force and everything seized which contain any immediate results, for the trades sarily incurred in their daily work. His doubt as to the farmer is to be ex- thes metals and despatched to Gerare all rated at about the same wage, time and endanger our health if the Why, they ask, should we work over- plained in this way, Farmers are of
and, in any case, the employer is under three kinds. There is the man who hasay said his last word on were they are no About C10,000,000 worth of requisition an obligation to give whichever man Government takes our earnings in texa- good so far as work on the land is con bonds were stored at the town hall await does any given job the rates customarily tion At least one important untou cerned. He would rather and does leting the day of settlement, bat the Ger-paid for that jeb What they do fear is has sent a strong protest and warning his land go out of cultivation than employ mans, in order to escape liability for that, if they now flow outsiders to do 10 the Board of Inland Revenue When women. His objection to women on the these receipts, set fire to the building. what they regard as their own work, amon are in this frame of mind, even the Inad is a principle, and he intenda tose of the most cruel imposts is the tax precedent will be set me which war total probibition of the sale of drink would not prevent them from abstaining abide by it, Government or no Govern of fus, 208, and sometimes 40s, on dogs. be broken down without great difficulty from work after they had eurned suf- menit,tak zengineering team. The people of Lille kept their pots for a when the war ends; and though plooges cient to keep them and their families.
The second man sits on the fence Watch: long time, but finally saw that in pay and undertakings and written agrements
I can size up the masculine gendering the hated tax they were giving the have been offered to reassure them on the fed and clothed and housed in two minutes," he confesses, but the enemy weapons to uso against their own point, they continue to place every ob- feminine has taken me & week. I hate French soldiers. Then the inhabitants of stacle in the way of a departure from watched the woman from a biased point the stricken city sacrificed their four old established practice. of view, being completely against her, but footed friends Daily Unit, after a week I've come to the conclusion that she'll do good work on the and what's more, will make money neit
ing..
The third man is the progressive farm- er. He was interested to see what women
could do on the land. In his heart of hearts he really likes women, although it
is the gospel of his kind to keep them off the land. He is not really sorry to engage them, and he very soon becomes proud of their work
Other farmers who have no conscienti- ous objections to women lo not, however, give in as easily as his has done They prefer boys to women, even when the worth of the latter has been demonstrated
Boys can be hired for 5s per week. Women set too high a value on them selves they are too well off for, milke
Another factor in time losing is the exhausting character of the work in some cases. Few men could work week in, One of the first objects, therefore of week out, if they had to deal witli, say che inch or one-and-a-quarter inch rivets. any scheme of organization should be Finally, the scarcity of skilled labour to remove this quite intelligible oppost with the consequent safety from displace- tion to interchangeability of work bement destroys the chief incentive which tween kindred crafts. It is more deep- rooted, perhaps, among the rank and file than aniong, the leaders of the unions: but the men can be reached only through their leaders ad it is through them that the effort should be made,
I have not sown a bit of wheat, not having the men to go with the horses
Potatoes and swedes were spoiled he cause they could not be got up in time.
I have retricted sowings of wheat be cause I do not know if I shall be able to gather, then in stock by
I have reduced the milking 25 per cent, and shall have to reduce by 25 per cent, more if labour gets any
O the I have no one who will plough, and seis almost impossible to obtain mer forentele, sheep, and horses,
worse
I have had to dispose of 100 breeding owes in consequence of the calling up olumy-son on January 1st. I also have had to pus 13 acres of arable land down, to pasture.
Corn and root acreage has to be very much less.
In this perhaps they are right
', organisers think. Bdy a Some women's milking, with no other work promised, It stands to reason that if women can too little for which to bring women to the du the work on some forms they can do country, Uthers cannot persuade fariners fit on others. Women are no good for to give more than 4d, a milking
ploughing," is the general opinion, but girl of fourteen years is learning to Flough on a Yorkshire farm, and is doing
No wonder the farmer has a grade against woman. She is turning up her
nose at his prices and teaching the r'arm- er's boy to the saucy In fact, farmers are conpinining tant the men who are let them are irregular and indifferent, and they are afraid to say a wont to them in case they give note Aid while the farmer as trying to swallow his prejudice
very well,
Women cannot manage horses, is another fallacy which has been refuted by the Army, Remount Department. Wonnu bave been successfully employed in this Department for months. A for back The fact that women are actually em
|
EXCLUSION OF WOMEN.
55 Page
man had in normal times to attenl regularly at this place of employment. Taking these considerations together, it may at any rate be argued that even if there were no public houses the workmen would continue to spend elsewhere, pos- cibly on whippet racing, bowling, or some other form of sport tr recreation, some
part of
art of what should be their working
The same distrust of the future retards extension of the policy of dilution by semi-skilled or unskilled labour. The
The remedy for looken time, in so for skilled trades and especially the most as it is due to skeer laziness or self-indul highly skilled, are jealous of the intru- gence and it must be understood that sion of anybody who has not served his this charge is directed not against the time," and they hedge themselves around workers us a class, but against a certain with conditions which have the effect, if minority among them--is, first, a repri- not the object of restricting the process, |mand to each individual offender, and, For instance, the employer is not regard, secondly, a prompt punishment for thos ed as entitled to dilute so long as there who persist in offending The trade is anywhere in fra country a member union leaders contend that the propor of the unien involved who is without course for employers to take is to employment While the country is being bring complaints to the union and allow scoured or that man, there may be dozens it to deal in its own way with its own of men, availabefitters labourers, members. Occasionally this has been platers helpers and others who are done; the men concerned have been technically sari-skilled, but in practice penalized by line or suspension of benefit, often as skilled as the men alongside and the employers have been satisfied. whem they labour, and who could well Such ensei, however, have been few, and be employed to do fitters or platera the union officials hase on that fact the assertion that if time is unnecessarily work,
Again by agreement with the Amal lost the employers themselves are to gamated Society of Engineers, a woman blame. may be employed to do certain parts of the work hitherto cone by a skilled man;
THE EMPLOYERS' DEFENCE,
ABASE WOan actories Be the proves that they could be more generally screwing nuts on boks she must be paid place the responsibility on the shoulders,
Munition Caponi hany near to land eagerly shap labour he despised, and by
up played in the following farm occupationi | but even if her task is only they of The employers, on the other hand,
(1)~Genteral Form Work: Cleaning Landgione picking, weeding thistle cutting, manure Spread *** "ing, singling und hoeing turnips, potato setting and lifting, veget. able pleating and
transplanting (2)Milking (3)-Stock tending and rearing. (4)---Butter making. |-|(5.)—Cherse making
(8)Poultry tearing. (7) Hay making: (8)-Harvesting. (9.)Sheep shearing
finds that even if he advertises 48, per | day wages he cannot get the women whom once he would not have at any price lady
it in a very sore point that one farmer trained two girls to mark and try and now going to munitions Out of 290 farios in one district su report a shortage of women. The farmer does not blame Irinida he does not think it is his fault that others have been more Appreciative He blames Sunday work and the unrea saubicless of woman, She wants: Satur: day afternoons and Sundays clear-cows aad herses and other animals must look after themselves over the week-end, supposes bet
he
Now, unless someone can persuade the
woman worker that the former really Likes her very much and wants her more,
(10) Thatching. (11.)-Stacking. (12-Ploughing.
and unloading (13.) Loading
Thrashing
picking
it will be very serious for the country: Hop picking.
These are the kind of reports farmers all 1-
Trade?
over the country are sending in to the Em17.)-Reed stripping. ployment Department of the Board
D(18-Bark peeling. 1100) Timber feeling, Fancy three of us on 316 acres, with (20) Gardening Jobbing, 210 sheep, 83 head of cattle, and 21
Allotments, Co-operative, horsus What a farce to call it farm ing
(Vontinued at foot of next colanm)-
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Add boiling water osis.
Tko “Allenber97 DIET is » Food for
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a certam rute of wages, increasing by of the Government: The rules by which regular amounts until at the end of 13 they are bound, they argue, were im-- weeks she is receiving the full rate for & posed on them by the Government, and it skilled engine. When it is renier is unfair that the Government should bered that an engineer's apprentice has look chiefly to them to initiate pro to work for Eve years at the trade before seentions against men. You cannot he earps the fully skilled mechanic's, penalize your workmen.” said one of rate," and " “hat “however keen and them to the writer; and then expect to anxious & woman may be, her output 15 get the best out of them. - If we take not equate that of the fully-skilled action and bring men before the Muni meglianis, it is secree, surprising that tions Tribunal, the only result ie tac on. women have not been employed as freely gendering of ill-feeling between us and as they mich be to eke out really skill our employés. Moreover, we cannot ed and experienced labour in the ship spare our staff and time to present eases yarde
before tribunals. The Ministry of Muni Much of the work, it is true, is too tions should undertake the prosecution, heavy and rough for women and the so that the personal element may not difficulty of supervision is considerable; enter. In one or two casca the Depart but there are some simple machines ment has taken action, bat it took weeks. screwing machines and certain types of to prepare its cam, and by the time it was decided the moral effect had been practically lost."
| boring machines, for examp a which could be operated by women. What can be done
in this direction has been demonstrated It may be that there is something to on the Clyde where 13,000 women have be said for both these suggestions. Thero been introduced as diluted labour, anto | does not appear to be any good reason the shipyard and engineering establish- why employers should not avail them- In October there were 60,500 whole time ments in spite of unsettlement left by elves more fully of the offer which many women workers and 66,000 casual workerserious strikes among the men. More of the trade union leaders have made to on the land. Close upon 140,000 women could be done if the Admiralty would investigate and deal with alleged cases have registered for work. The shortage
issue definite and even peremptory in of preventible time losing or deliberate just now is generally for experienced structions to their overseers in the ship- timecribbing Nor does there seems to women, Those already at work have been yard areas to apply the cxisting local, be any ground for laxity or dilatoriness organised very largely by Women's Agri- agreements to rperchant ship construction, on the part of the Government in bring- Cultural Committees, formed in the coun and to push forward the dilution schemes ing bad cases to justice (Whether reform ties under the auspices of the Board of with all possible vigour in connection: leg in the one direction or the other or Agriculture and i the Board of Trade, with spoofed operations and machines in both, the present state of affairs cannot Theirs has been the task of introducing The absence of elective local effort is as he allowed to continue, that the woman to the farmer.
grave an obstruction to efficient organ
ages
Lost time properly regarded, is only *** Now he calls her "a treasure" in writ-zation as the anxiety of the worker one of the results of the policy of drift ing to the National Land Council an to keep the dort open for those of their which brought down the late Government organisation which has put some thou fellows who will come back from the If it cannot be completely checked, it Rands of women on the land. The high war
can be greatly reduced by a sound policy educated girl of gentle birth between Official Inertia is in part responsible administered locally with firmness and
of 18 and 30 needs no training for another great hindrance to increased vigour. The preparation and prompt en and a very little trouble on the part of output irregular time-keeping. All the forcement of that policy are long overdue, the master puts her in the way of doing information which can be obtained as to There are slips vacant in shipyards, on things... The great point is to curb her the extent of this evil goes to show that
merchant ships could be laid down * energy at first, never let her do more than on a balance between overtime and fost
pertly constructed ships on which three haute the first day, four the second,
time, the shipyard operatives generally
Ellis Being done there are and so on. had nine of this brand last are not working many actual beurs more
which are being built so slowly summer, all were successes, and without than in the days before the war Some of them I couldn't have got through. I hope the men are working much harder. The
completion is out of sight, and so have goodly team next summer sickness and desta rates shown by the of
the enemy is taking toll daily
at sca, -12 Those who reśliz What will the Farmer's Boy say now ? trade union benefit accounts are evidenco
with hope to the new PEGGY BOOTT in the Daily Mail of the strain which some of their member