THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 17TH, 1917.
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MEDICINE AS PRACTISED BY THE CHINESE.
patients. The name of the doctor is of WRECK OF THE "HANKAKU
great importance, thus one hears of Dr. Root of Strength,' Dr. Rhubarb " and Dr. "Salts of Hartshorne.
FANDIFUL CONCEPTION OF PHYSIOLOGY AND ANATOMY,
MARU.”
SHIP HELD UP BY RORBER BAND.
→
The wreck of the Hankaku Maru bids
$164,636.99 | COMPLICATED AND FANTASTIC
THEORIES, 20.00
Dr. William W. Cadbury, physician As one would suspect from the absence fair to take its place among the worst 20.02
and the experimental of the tragedies of the sea, at least in to the Canton Christian College, contri- of dissection 25.00
methods, the Chinese conception of butes a most interesting. article to the physiology and anatomy is fanciful to these parts (says the Chefoo correspon. "Medical Record" on Medicine as Pruc- the extreme. The body is said to be dent of the N.-C. Daily News), :
divided into three parts: (1) The upper tised by the Chinese. Dr. Cadbury's
A large band of robbers were Barwigsh or head; (2) the middle or chest; and the passengers on the ill-fated vessel and subject is the "doctor" of native edu(3) the lower part or abdomen, and the were, at the moment she struck, actually 138.08 cation and not, of course, the foreign- lower extremities, Life depends on the holding up the rest and relieving them
equilibrium of the
yang and the of their belongings and superfluous 5.00 educated physician and surgeon who is
yin. It is but one manifestation of cash. making a pume for himself, surely if the universal life. The body is the 10.00
gradually, in China,
microcosm, the universe the macrocosmi, 20.00
Medicine in China, says the writer actively flowing.
Theyang" is the warm principle, way the cause of the accident, but it is
The yin
is the possible that the Captain may have therefore decided to attempt the har 0.40 may be considered under two divisions-oist principle passively flowing.
the purely superstitions, which depends the whole order of the universe results waited. He was, however, new to the bour when otherwise ho might have 4.00 on charms and magic and is largely from the perfect equilibrium of these two 2.00 fostered by the Taoist priests, and the forces, so the health of man depends upon will probably never be known.
run and what actually was in his mind 10.00 art of medicine as practised by the their equilibrium in the body. If the 39.39 Chinese doctor. These two phases of
"yang
or active principle predomi. treatment of the sick are closely internates there is oxcitation; if the "yin woven with one another so that it is some or passive principle predominates, there times impossible to draw the line between is depression of the organism. The action of these two forces manifests itself through 1 organs.
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SUPERSTITIOUS PRACTICES,
Let us first consider the superstitions practices and beliefs. In the city of Canton may be found temples dedicated to the "Spirit of Medicine, or healing. The ignorant people, especially women, believe that the deity presiding in these temples can restore henith upon the pay ment of small sums of money to the priest and the performance of certain 49.00 rites.
19,800.00
Royal Soldiers' Daughters Home: H.E. Sir F. H. May,
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20.00 5.00 10.00
Chinese medicine, like philosophy, rests on a dualistic basis. At the bottom 5.00 of all laws of the universe are two prin- 10.00 ciples; the "yang," and the "Fin."
3.00 They are generally represented by 10.00 circle divided into two parts esch of 10.00 which is a comma-shaped object resom
bling a serpent. One is white and the 5.00 other Black, or one is green and the 21.70 other ted. The circle represents the great 50.00 absolute and the two divisions within at the "yang" and theyin." Again the "yang or malo element or force is 136.00 represented by straight lines, and the
5.00" yin
or female element by broken 25.00 lines. This the pantagram was devised 1.65 by a Chinese emperor about the year 600.00 2900 B.C. This is made up of com 4,413.50
binations of straight and broken lines 50.00 surrounding the circle and its two divi
sions, making a perfect emblem of the balancing of the forces of the universe. 102.38 Over many a doorway in China this sign is displayed to warn off evil spirits. 33.36 The principle of duality typified by the "yang" and "yin" is more comprehen- sive than “male” and “female." They 20.00 stand for positive and negative, the sun 20.00 and the moon, light and dark, acid and
base, heaven and earth, and they corre spond to Ohrmuzd and Ahriman of the 10.00 Zoroastrians, Osiris and Isis of the Egyptians, the even and the odd of 100.00 Pythagoras.
5.00
.30.00 26.00
250.00
300,00
EVIL SPIRITS.
+3
AB
and two small lobes. The larynx passes Tae lungs are divided into four large directly into the heart, which is the organ of thought, together with the spleen. The liver has suve distinct divisions. The gall-bladder is the seat of courage, There are said to be
The blond
365 bones in the body. makes a complete circalation of the body about 50 times in 24 hours. In those 60 revolutions the blood passes 25 times through the malo channels or those of the active principle and 96 times through the female channels or those of the negative prindiple. The blood is said to return to its starting place onco every half hour, instead of once in 23 seconds, according to modern physiolo gists, having traversed a course of some 54 meters.
in
Each organ is related to an element: fire rules the heart, metal the lungs, etc. Thero is likewise a close relationship to the planets, to season, colour and taste. Auscultation and percussion are wholly unknown
B diagnostic aids to the Chinese physician. Entire reliance is placed on palpation of the pulse and the general facies of the patient in making the diagnosis. The taking of the pula is almost like a solemn rito. The Chines physician must be trained to palpate the pulse so skilfully that by this single means the nature of diseases may be de termined. Ten or more minutes must be spent in the palpation of the pulses.
TREATMENT OF DISEASES.
In discussing the treatment of diseasch Dr. Cadbury says:
The treatment of disease by
Chinese doctor consista chiefly in the ad ministration of drugs. Surgery has been an unknown art. Recently two charitable institutions have been established in Canton for the treatment of the sick according to native methods of practice. At one of these so-called hospitals I was informed that bullets were removed by placing a kind of plaster at the wound of entrance. The ingredients of the plaster have ศ
remarkable magnetic
power over the imbedded bullet and gradually draw it out through the sache opening by which it entered. My infor man had never seen this line of treat- mont actually carried out, however.
The universe with its das! forces is a macrocosm. Man is the microcosm Thus we read that as heaven has its or 10.00 ders of stars, and earth its currents of water, so man has his pulse. As curth 41,00 has its water courses, called lakes, springs, etc., so man has his courses in 216.22 the pulse--the three "* yang und the
three yin." 17.30
The priests explain these forces of the universo by personifications in the form of evil spirits or devils, and the people are kept in constant fear of these demons
Perhaps in no line does the native of the air which they believe are con- stantly bent on bringing disease or practitioner show his ignorance mots 200.00 death. Hence, the many superstitious than in the treatment of fractures. No 50.00 practices resorted to for deceiving or attempt is made to reduce the parts. A 50.00 warding off the evil spirits. The priests special clay is placed in a wooden bowl. 100.00 recite incantations, paper money is The heads of several chickens are cut 100.00 burned, and the pantagram is hung over off, while incantations are repeated and 100.00 the doorway. The demons are especially the blood is allowed to flow on the clay 100.00 fond of marring beautiful children, 4.00 hence the parents invent disgusting 100.00 names for their offspring in the hope of 10.00 | misleading these tormentors. Boys are especially liable to injury at the devils' 120.00 hands. Hence a guest never inquires into 10.00 the sex of a newborn child, and a boy 65.00 is often dressed as a girl and called by a In conclusion, Dr. Cadbury sets out & number of the common remedies of the Chiasse doctor which are too well-known to bear repetition here.
17.30 83,49 40.00
female name.
The Chinese physician is quite a different individual from the Taoist priest, although magic and astrology are inextrically bound in with his 881.88 theories of the human organism.
in the bowl. Blood and clay are now mixed together and applied to the frac tured extremity. Bandages are used to bind on him strips of bamboo. When the last turn of the bandage is being wound on the blood of another clicken is poured on.
SAIGON RICE MARKET.
THE FIRST AUTHORITY ON MEDICINE,
The Compagnie de Commerce et de The first authority on medicine im 120.00 Chine was the Emperor Chen Long, was in their report dated January 4th, Navigation d'Extrême-Orient, of Baigon,
864.89
lived about 2787 B.C., and made a classi-state: fication of some hundred medicinal planta. A later emperor wrote up Some important purchases having been medical science so far as it had pro made for Europe and the arrivals of gressed in 2637 B.C. In the earlier ages paddy decreasing every day, our market. 140.00 there was some progress in anatomy, but is steady.
for the last 1,000 years, at least, there has been practically no advance. The pro 53.76 found respect for the dead has inter fored with dissecting and the performing 122.00 of autopsies.
68.50
80.48
The
The chief reason for the decrease is that the rains have not yet ceased and, consequently, the natives cannot proceed with the harvest.
For the old crop the natives still con- sider that the prices are not good enough. Again, there is no co-operation between and they, therefore, keep their stocks, doctors and do medical organization. The total amount of rice exported from so-called Imperial Academy of the 1st January up to the 20th December Medicine at Peking has no jurisdiction | was 1,224,477 tons aguänst 1,075,887 tons over physicians in other parts of the in 1915. country. It is composed of the physi We quote to-day white rice No. 2 cians to the emperor. They give instruc sifted Japan quality, Hongkong 83,10 432.43 tion to the younger members in the nominal per pical, f.o.b. Saigon, for
medicul classics. Generally speaking the February shipment. practice of medicine is unlicensed, most 218.22 doctors receive their library from is
j
It does not seem that this was in any
was
quickly
The unfortunate man killed in the terrible rush made for tho bridge, where, when anyone managed to get a hold, he was immediately pulled down by those below, the fearful strug- gle being but a survival of the fittest, not a few of the 50 survivors being mem-
the gaol. bers of the robber gang who will, on leaving the hospitals, be transferred to
the hatches were battened down and the As soon as the catastrophe occurred, large majority were thus drowned like rats, which after all was, perhaps, the most merciful death under the circum-"
stances.
It is expected that most of those saved will recover, and every effort is being made to restore circulation to their frozen limbs. Those, however, who were attended to at a Chinese temple huyo succumbed to the methods, employed-the too quick application of warmth.
There has been no semblance of a thaw the rock and since the vessel ran on frozen around the bridge and mast. figures are still to be seen, their
arms
Some of the Siberian mail has been rescued by divges who had to chop it out of the ice,
The report that there were two Ameri- can missionaries on board has not been verified; there were two Russians saved, a few Japanese and the remainder Chinese.
HONGKONG POLICE RESERVE.
MUSKETRY OQURSE, 1917, PART 1. No. 2 Company.--All Recruits and all members of this Company who did not fire or failed to pass Purt II. of the 1916 Course will attend the Range on Sunday next, Jan. 1st, as follows:-
1. Nos, 5 and 6 Bections, leave Blake Pier at 9 a.. sharp, returning from Stonecutters at about 1.30 p.m.
2. Nos. 7 and 8 Sections, leave Blake Pier at 1 pun, sharp, returning from Stonecutters about 4.30 p.m.
3. Recruits will attend with their ro
apective Sections.
4. Members of No. 5 Section will bring their Service Rifles. Recruits and members of remaining Sections will have Rifles issued to them on the “ Range.
5. Company Inspectors and the Co.- Sgt. Major will attend on the Range ali day.
6. Crown-Sergts, and Sergis, will attend
with their respective Sactions, 7. Uniforms with Helmets to be worn by all in whom are has been issued. 8. No amounition is to be individually
brought on the Range,
9. Leave will be granted under 8.0. 86 only. Ten men are on report for absence on 14th January.
STAFF AND INSPECTORS..
The following will attend Musketry on
Jan. 21st, leaving Blake Pier at
M.-
Surgeon Superintendent, Chief Inspector Wong, Staff Inspectora Clarke, Mac- Kenzie, and Lanigan.. Also Burgeon Inspector Thomas, and Company In- spectors Ua, Tape, and Moon,
POLICE SCHOOL,
Wednesday, Jan. 17th.-Class L. (Inspec
tor Gerrard).
Thursday, Jan. 18th. Staff Class (Chief
Inspector Kerr).
Friday, Jan. 19th-Class II. (Inspector
Gordon).
For compusition of these classes, refer to
Order of 13th/15th January.
NO. I COMPANY.
All ranks except Recruits will parade, without rifles, under the O.C." Co, at Central Station at 5.30 p.m. on Friday, January 19th.
CHINA NEW YEAR.
Staff Inspector Lanigan will do Visiting Patrol duty on January 23rd, ón which date No. 1 Company takes over the duties of Nos, 3 and 4 Companies.
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No. 2 Company, Section 5-P.-c. 199
A. A. Britton.
No. 2 Company, Section 6-Pic, 798 A
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father or relative who also imparts the.
BIG FIRE AT HANKOW. secret romedics on which his reputation 5.00 was established. During his spprentice Two godowns, A. and B., of the ship the young doctor diligently studies Nisshin Kisen Kaisha at Hankow were 5.00 the classical books and practices pal, destroyed by fire early on the morning pation of the pulse. The doctor is called of the 7th inst. It is reported that the upou only for more serious maladies. damage to the building and their con- 86.43 For the simpler complaints home rem tents will aggregate over a Million Taels, 568.09 medics and the formuins of old women The godowns occupy an area of 350 fong are used. In times of war the Chinese in the Russian Concession and were Earmarked
$198,884.57 zoldiers attend to their own wounds insured for close on Y100,000, The, fire amounts amounts allocated
Advertisement is quite ethical and the broke out in A, godown and spread to remitted
office of a doctor may be recognized by B. It was only got under by the com 183,407.85
the tablets displayed about the entrance,
bined efforts of the fire-brigades of five concessions with the assistance of Balance in hand
.....8 13,481,320 which the skill of the physician is
Japanese soldiers from the barracks, N.-J. STABB
testified to in high sounding phrases, Great delay was experienced in getting This Year $11.760 Hon. Treasurer.
These testimonials are usually sighed
& supply of water owing to the river Hongkong, 15th January, 1917.
and presented to the doctor by grateful being very low and the hydrauts frozen."
and and
F. C. JANKIN,
D.S.P. (R.).
HONGKONG TRAMWAY CO., LTD:-
The approximate statement of traffic receipts for the week ending 13th January is as follows:A.
Eoveipta for week,
Last Tear..... Increase
10.482
7700
Aggregate receipts
for 3 weeks. $23,049 21 538
2,412: