$
*
HARNESS THE WHOLE NATION!
EVERYONE TO HIS (AND... HER) WAR TASK.
[DY CLAUDE LOWTHEN, M.P.]
The German Government is harnessing its empire..
The whole nation is being mobilised,
comments оп
The Cologne Gazette contains some this great examining, because they apply with startling similarity to our own country --
In this third year of the war there is no one who does not admit that our War Minister hit the nail on the head when he said we could not win! this gigantic struggle for our existence if we did not exceed the tremendous
What efforts of our exomics. English statesmon could not, owing to English selfishness, put through, the German Government is now setting to work to do-viz., applying in practice the principle that in times of war the individual is nothing and the State everything. The manufacture of muni.) tions has assumed such size that a disproportionately large number of men capable of bearing arms will be lost to the Army if substitutes are not produced. Also the continually in- creasing organisation for the provision of food demands a growing army of helpers. Hard necessity, therefore, forces the undeniable modern right to be turned into a literal one, and the placing in the service of the State the labouring forces of civilians. We greet general conscription 48 a symbol of the people tha!
welded together." We have had over two years' experi- ence of what German organisation can achieve, of what their peculiar talent for adaptation and economy can produce, and, however, much they boast, the action they are now taking is well within their
powers.
Lin Licen
drilled and disciplined who realise the They are a people deeply patriotic, desperate position which will threaten them next year, and who with united resolve as determined to prepare a force of men and munitions so immense and
THREE SOLUTIONS.
THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, MONDAY, JANUARY 8TH, 1917.
FAILURE OF MONITORS TO
PRODUCE IMPRESSION,
PRIZE CARGOES.
12
If I were asked, When is a blockade not a blockade? I should reply, Peep in the docks of London !" Britain's main strongth lies in her ses power. It is [BY "THE DAILY NEWS" NAVAL KXPERT.]
at the docks that son power finds expres- It is inevitable that there should be a sion. Despite the operations of German little uneasiness among the general pub aubmarines-pin-pricks to an elephant lic as a result of the raids of enemy the British mercantile marine brings destroyers acting from Zeebrugge. The priceless cargoes to our ports under the vessels entered upon their latest phase of protection of the Navy, and the hand operations in June, since when they haveling of this merchandise raw material eaptured number of British and for half a
a
dozen allies-is work of nostral merchantmen, enabled number national importance. of Gerthan ships to slip back to Ger- mony from Botterdam, and made two sallies upon areas which are of relatively great importance in the scheme of our naval affairs.
The enemy are not known to have lest a single vessel in these operations, while we, in addition to our merchant ships and valuable cargoes (which are equally lost to us whether they were coming in British or in neutral bottoms), have lost the destroyers Flirt and Nubian, as well as six armed patrol vessels and the empty transport Queen There are three ap parent methods of putting an end to this phase of hostile enterprise:-
(1)The occupation of the Belgian
coast, which is a military affair. (2)--The closs blockade of Zeebrugge, which is rendered impossible by submarines. (3.)-The local dofence, by forces deem ed to be adequate, of the har hours, areas, trade routes, and ships liable to attack.
LAWYER POLITICIANS.
LORD MILNER ON THEIR DOMINANCE.
Lord Milner, presiding at a lecture at WATCH
should
for
King's College on The Intellectual Groundwork of Politics," said he had
that there always advocated be a simple pass examination politicians before they took their seats In the controversy in the Commons. which was at present raging about the introduction of science, or rather the con-
cession to science of a larger place in our national education, what he felt about scientific education was this that the
Some of the goods--and more than the enaual visitor would gather from the crude appearance of many of the handles and packages, handled it would seem, with such disrespect by burly men-wili soon be shells for troops at the front. great progress which the human race had But soldiers want more than shells. They made in recent times had given such an must have food and equipment of all enormone importance to applied science:
that a man was now hardly at home with kinds. Here, at the docks, you see them in embryo unrecognisable, perhaps, in
the problems of the day-certainly not with the economic questions and conse- their present form, but early to be trans- formed by the skilled armies which arequently not fully able to master the working at home.
political Much of the mor- chandise, again, is lood for neither guns nor men; it is just trade, the trade that makes the money to win the war.
There is one famous dock-and we will give no further indication than that it is under the control of the Port of London Authority where war work is seen at perhaps its highest pitch. It is not accessible to the curious spectator, who will be better employed on his own The first is the only satisfactory soluwar work elsewhore, but it provides an anamer to querulous persons who ask what tion. In 1915 several spasmodic attacks
pan Zeebrugge, Ostend, etc., were made the Navy is doing. by monitors under the command of Sir Reginald Bacon, but none has been offi cially reported since November 19th, 1910 This may be due to the failure of the monitors to produce any great im- pression and the fact that the Germans have armed the whole coast with guns of very large calibre, which are so hidden in the sand dunes as to defy detection even from aircraft.
It would, however, be satisfying to have an assurance from Mr. Balfour that no monitors were withdrawn from this wore built-in order to give an apper work-essentially the work for which they ance of local protection to places on the His letter, published on East Coast. May, dealing with the raid on Yarmouth and Lowestoft, stated quite defnitely that
them.
problem which depended upon training in physical science: was not so much book learning as actual science and practical acquaintance with, some form of science. Whatever the effort, an important share in the educa- tional life of every boy and young man in future should be to bring him into close relation with the great achievements tial, and that he believed was as impor of science. That he believed was essen- tant to men who were going to devote themselves to a political exteer as to men either to soientific research or to the pur who were going to devote themselves suit of some business which largely do pended on the results of science.
Since Mr. McKenna announced in the House of Commons that we have to pay
The lecturer had made a point of there the United States £9,000,000 a day, being too much of the lawyer in our politi. prodigious number of dollars," and the cal life As a barrister-an unsuccessful world knows the huge business we are one-he wished to say that while a great doing across the Atlantic, it will give deal of the talk about lawyers in politics away no secret to say that many of the was nonsense, there was, in his humble great ships which bring their bulging opinión, a certain justification for the aargoes to this dock are from America contention that our political life was too The work of the dock, indeed, has under. much dominated by people whose princi gone a revolution since the war. New pal merit was their extraordinary power, works have been undertaken, cranes and
not of achieving anything, but of making
decks, and a new scheme of working et obvious, some seasoning of legal know- other appliances brought from other out a good case for what they did or did not achieve. Of course, it was perfectly up in order to cope with vast Atlantic ledge was useful in the Legislative As trade which has sprung up at this in-sembly, and he agreed with dividual centre
writer-that lawyers, or lawyer like per Ships from the furthest East and from sons, would always constitute the greater quays with the leviathans from the West, part of the Legislature in any modern and discharge in the great warehouse of popularly governed State. The question What kind of lawyers? and he the authority such a medley of good and was: useful things that the world seems to thought nobody would regard a great have been raked very fine of its products, jurist a man who had made a real study. It is the business side of the war that of the principles of law as anything but one sees actively pursued in all directions most valuable member of any Parlia
and here and there the observer mayment." This did not always apply to notice a sprinkling of the military side, the facile advocate,
recent
overwhelming that their enemies shall be monitors were to be used for this so-called the furthest South take their turn at the part--and rightly constitute the greater!
defensive purpose.
Recently
operations our
against Zeebrugge have been confined to aircraft, but we have not as yet any reason to believe that these are effective. Vital buildings, and even the basins for small craft, are known to have been borab proofed, and, after all, Zeebrugge is only the outlet by which the enemy craft find their way to the sea. Their real basos are at Bruges and Antwerp.
staggered and crushed. Their prisoners they have made to work on the land and in their factories: in the countries they occupy, Belgium and Poland, they have organned industries, they have skinned their resources and utilised their men and women. And now themselves, evory single one of them of every rank, of every class, young and old, is to be enrolled in order more thoroughly and effectively to prepare the mountains of From Zeebrugge to Raynegate is about munitions, the forests of guns, the ships 75 miles three hours moderato steaming the submarines, and the whole vast para for a destroyer. The importance of phernalia of war,
Ramsgate hes in the proximity of the And we, the chief partner of our Downs. It is surprising that enemy de Allies, on whom they implicitly dependstroyers can almost get into such an area for war supplies and equipment of overs without greater opposition that the soen by a patrol vessel." On the other kind what is our answer to this signi ficant step? What is to be our counter-hand, the area of the sea comprised be- more to these fresh and monacing pre Zeebrugge ia about 1,300 square miks, or tween Ramsgate, Dover, Calais, and parations? Surely the hour has struck
approximately the size of Northumber when
too should discover our
land, and it is not an easy job to pick strength, organise our illimitable reap even six destroyers in such an area source in a word, harness the nativa at night by allotting to every man and woman of serviceable age the task for which ne or she is best suited.
#e
A NATIONAL INDEX.
Eight months ago I urge the Prime Minister (in the House of Commons) to introduce immediate legislation to com- pel every man and every woman between the ages of sixteen and sixty to enrol theruselves (under a penalty of impris onment for evasion) apon a national register which would schedule their various trades, callings, and vocations. Their innovation would not have bound the State to employ the many useless individuals who must necessarily have been automatically grouped in, but it would have supplied a national catalogue and index of every form of labour and energy which, as necessity arose, could have been diverted frog private into public service.
It would have classed and graded according to their capabilities all mot and women between the ages of sixteen and xixty, elearly defining their callings, knowledge, and experience.
It would have provided an argument so potent For compulsory industrial labour that general conscription would have long Been accepted in this country as the rational and logical corollary to compul sory military servic
of
A London message states that among other similar effects of the restricted supply of food in Germany a new disease AS "marmalade has appeared, known cancer. The disease mainly affects children, and some 50 deaths from it are occurring daily..
institution which called for the greatest directive ability in the world..
NEED OF COMPULSION.
too.
He associated himself most cordially A large vessel, with her national colours with the contentions of Dr. Fisher that painted gandily on her hull so bright everything should be studied historically, that a blind U commander would "feel" and that attention should be paid to the them, had no intention of entering this study of the recent history of Europe and duck when she started her voyage. But the world. There was nothing from the watchful Navy were interested in which politically or internationally we part of her cargo, they did not quite bad muffered more than from the fact that much to empiries, and not to the men understand where it might get to ulti-this important study had been left too of her course in order tint the matter He hoped that in the future the scienti- mately, so, as it is always best to be on who by knowledge and training, would the safe side, they suggested a diversion have been most competent to guide us. might be looked into. Another fine fic, and philosophic, and profound treat- vessel was having a holiday. She was ment of the problems of modern Euro- one of the proudest units of the German pean history might occupy the place of merchant service, but British workmen honour which they deserved. have her in hand now, and when she is ready for sea again in new clothes the name on her bowe will begin with “Hun
"She is one of the new British ships which are all to bear the Hun appel- lation, in honour of captured Kultur.
Here and there one sees great piles of rusty iron. Serap beaps? For the time being, yes. Their future is uncertain. They look neglected, but are not so really. Every piece has its place in official books, and some day they may all be put to gether and form ships-once more. They were once enemy ships..
AMERICAN WAR INCOMES.
The remarkable prosperity of the Unit- ed States created by the war is shown by the income tax returns for the year onded June 30th (says The Times. Now York correspondent). The receipts from individual income tax payers aggregate £13,588,718, compared with £8,207.232 in the previous year. Raveipts from cor- poration income-tax were £11,308,731, From their barrow, watertight com- Barricades hide other secrets from the against £7,831,119 in the previous year. partaments in Whitehall they trained and privileged visitor. He may see in opera-
The returns show that taxes paid by directed, often wit arrogant ignorance,tion the huge cornucopia which showers Persons with an income of over £200,000 the Army which was to save the world, food from a hundred distant lands, pro-nally doubled in the past year. There All the time, both from Whitehall and vides the material for car factories and ade 20 persons in the United States with Downing-street, those in authority have our munition works, and keeps the busi- incomes of £200.000 or over, and 3,824 approached great, towering problema ness of the Empire going. He may even
persone with incomes of £20,000 or over. with blinkered brains, impatient of see-if he recognises the night-the in- criticism, intolerant of suggestions, and teresting process of converting the always mistrusting the people whose real | quaint Belgian barges into foe floating: spirit they never reflected.
Mr.
hospitals for wounded soldiers, with canopied terraces and comfortable berths. But only men in blue and gold pass through the other gates.
i
FORTHCOMING EVENTS,
TO-DAY
3 p.m.-Anction of Crown Land at. Palic
Works Dept.
LOOKING OLD TOO SOON.
The inadequate scheme put forward by Runcinian so timidly the self- laudatory criticisms of Sir John Simon the apologetic explanations and state- The business side of the war is full of ments of other members of the Govern-
Fumance. The outward, visible signs of mont-make one realise with sadness how it are familiar enough to all dock work- utterly remote these men are from the
ers. Tous upon tons of assorted goods in realities of war, and how even after all bags and barrels, square and round case: My suggestion in the Houso
we have experienced they still misjudge of every size, emitting all the odours Commons was dismissed with a wave of the temper of the nation, just as they which are pleasant and some which are the hand by the Prime Minister, who belittle the might of Germany and the distinctly disagreeable. What would Too many girls and women look old pronounced it to be impracticable, though dogged determination of a desperate Germany give for the miles of copper long before they should. Their faces on that very day Mr. Balfour had ex-
people.
coil just taken from a liner, or the ship- become pale and drawn, wrinkles appear, cused himself for rot building more ships Almost two years passed before an en loads of oil and oil bearing nuts which and their eyes lack brightness. because workmen were lacking. And yet lightened Press, led by Lord Northcliffe, bar one's progress everywhere-whale oil, be wondered at, when they so frequently From John o'-Grout's to Land's End musceeded in forcing the Government to palm oil, coconut oil, capra, pea nuts, have headaches, backaches and a general firms of contractors and builders were
introduce compulsory military service. and the like? Tinplates and speltor, the feeling of wretchedness and weakness? employing countless workmen, engineers, Armchair pessimists predicted the men hides of buffalo, cow, sheep, and goat In most cases it is the blood that is to carpenters, artificers thousands nf workmen both skilled and unskilled-forure would never be accepted by the to be munitions and equipment for blame. From one cause or another the country, since the spirit of compulsion Britain and her allies; flour wheat and blood has become thin and watery, and WLA alien from our character
oatmeal, butter beans, tapioca, and sage. it. is a fact that anemia (which is blood- traditions.
treacle, tea and coffee, among other good lessness), more than any other cause, give since the staggering fact was flashed upon But the people recognised its neces things. Hemp, mohair, cotton and wool women this prematurely aged appear- the world that nothing but our shipssity. The principle which the measure -some of the cotton bales are labelled ance stood between our people and slavery enshrines has without a doubt been ac for Homburg and others for Antwerp.
their own private ends.
Surely it is little short of criminal-
or otherwise.
Bud
Can it
It is most important that the blood-
THIS
SPACE
At times of
crisis it
must be
Bovril
BRITISH TO THE BACKBONE
Do yourself A Good Curn
Kes do zonnielf the best of all possible good turns by getting zid at once of the trouble which may de rödɔmg your life of health and happiness. 13 in nasading how many peupla go an suffering day after day from all sorts of compininis when a little self-benevolence might unkokly give them lasting relief. To auster froma indigestiou, Hiver troubles, beads KDİLEN, DONStipation, and a train of atmlar disorders, when
By Taking
Bescham24 29ts a speedy and permanent care may be affected is surely the baight of IOMY. If you have leat your appetite or the power to sasimulate food has become defestiva) if you'suffer from billogeness, Filmtalenes or other derangements of the digestive organs you will do yourecif zeal good turn if you take
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73)
HONGKONG
O. A. RITTER. Freight and Famonger ågent,
Prince's Belldings, Ice House Street,
METEOROLOGICAL
REGISTER
Hongkong Charva'ore, January 7th
Previous On Daljon uste
Day
% pm.
to stint our Navy and Mercantile Marine cepted by an almost unanimous nation; And we are dealing now with only one supply of girls and women be regulariy for the aggrandisement of the private and that principle holda good for all dock, where ships of two or three lines replenished important not only on the contractor and jerry-builder.
persons and all services, whether military come and go. There are many more score of good locks, but to restore robust How much longer will anzmic
under the authority with the same pre-health, which is of greater moment. Ministers shrink from inevitable issues I demand for this country what farailing bustle, and others round the Dr. Williams' Pink Pills actually make and granite facts? How much longer gighted Germany has recognised as vital coast. The music of the cranes and the new blood and restore the system shatter- The Pilla will they endeavour to reconcile the to her existence-compulsory industrial thump of packages continue all day; ifed by overwork or worry stark horrors of red war with the selfish labour: There is nothing illogical or
and make tired, weary women feel bright you are not careful you will be flattened impart the glow of health to pale faces little pleasures and conveniences of harsh in this demand-nothing that aay-by casks of tobacco as big and heavy as
Ther is no need for any! and happy. life! The fact of the matter is that Ministers have all long misjudged the one in earnest about winning the war the wheels of a steam roller.
Wattle and mimosa bark for tauning woman or girl to fool ill or look ill. Dr. Williama Pink Pille for Palo People spirit of the people. They have helittler could object to. For surely if it is just and right, to compel a man to shoulder
matting from China
will help them to get the best out of life. purposes, their patriotism and minimised the sacri. his rifle and enter the ranks, it cannot holsterlike rolls, bamboo, broom-handles. Obtain a supply promptly from fiers of which they are capable. When he unjust or illogical to compel another birds' nests for soup in Chinatown, nut dealer or send to Dr. Williams' Medicine
tiny War Office called a trifle shrilly man, better suited for the work, to enter megs, ochre, peppercorns; acetic acid, and Co., 96, Szechuen Road, Shanghai, 81.50. Wind Dirration for recruits it was overwhelmed in the the workshop and fashion the rifle for cattle foods-nebody's wants are for for one bottle or 38 for six. Niagara-like torrent of volunteers, which his brother to carry,
gotten when the ship comes surprised no one more than the little,
To-day no one in the enjoyment of Munition Minister and housewife, manu found in Plain Talks to Women," a Kain short-sighted men, with their brains in health should be allowed to continuefacturer and shopman-all are provided little work offered free to lady readera blinkers, who found themselves (by the drudge upon the nation. Idleness is for in the seemingly unlimited supplies i who send a postcard to the above address.
Highest open-air Temperature on 6th 51 very rotation of crops) managing an
Lowest open-air Temperature on 7th luxury the country can no longer afford.
brought in the ships by the quay. (Continued et foot of nest column.)
home.
FREE-Helpful health notes
fat 2 pm. O
Barometer: Templar Humidity......
Force
30 27
30:30
3030
50
44
02
83
92
EV
NNE
North
KNE
17
will be Weather
3
0.14
od
0 0.18
40
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