A
DEVELOPMENT OF THE
SUBMARINE,
WAR-TIME CHANCES.
RANGE AND SPEED.
fur THE TIMES
15
NAVAL CORKESPONDENT.
Both were
THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, SATURDAY,
BRITAIN'S 6,000,000 ARMY. [HOW WE RAISED 30,000 VOLUNTEERS
IN ONE DAY.
1,000,000 MEN AFTER CONSCRIPTION BEGAN.
It is now possible to take stock of the development of out fighting forces since the war began. Britain's contribution to the Army, oficial figures show, has reached a total of six million men. we are not really such a contemptible People as we hold ourselves out to be.
In August, 1914, our regular Army, on mobilisation, amounted to 450,000 men, including reserves and special reserves the old militin); and Lord Haldane's Territorial Force, trained in a very high degree, though not so thoroughly as the regular soldier, and only liable for home defence, added 280,000 more--an Army in Dut over the aggregate of 700,000 100,000 of these regulars were allocated to India and other foreign stations.
MAN-POWER FROM AFRICA. VAST FORCES AVAILABLE FOR WORK IN FRANCE,
MANY NON-COMBATANT DUTIES·· AWAITING THEM.
DECEMBER 2ND, 1916.
CHURCH SERVICES.
ST. JOHN's Cathedral, Hongkong. 1st Bunday in Advent, 3rd December, 1916, Holy Communion 7,50 am. Short Matina, 8.30 a.m. Matin, 11 ) Responses, Ferial; Vania, Russell; Pealmr, 51 (Feikon); Te Deum, Oskolay in F; Jubilate, Hayes in F: Anthem lepers wake Mandelsobn Hymn 47. God Save the King, N.B.Pealm 61, versen 6, 14 and 16 in anison; Hyan varson 1, 3 and 6 in unison. Holy Communion, Farial Fealms, 32 Tarle, 130 (Purcell); Magni 19 Noon. Eversong (5.45 p.) Response,
Wesley; Hymas, 48, 317 and 194. feat, Goss (10th evening); Nuna Dialitia,
Widespread interest has been created by the powerful ples for the utilisation of African labour for, non-combatant service in France contained in the re- markable article published in The Daily of that article is a man with extensive Chronicle of October 27th. The author first hand knowledge of Africa and is well-known as a fearless champion of the native populations. He is the last per- son to propound a scheme that would be detrimental to the welfare of the native races. In fact, his nedent desire is to promote their interests by opening out to them opportunities of showing their devotion to the British Empire and dis playing their capacity to serve it in this world-war for the rights of humanity.
The attitude of the British Government | Iny, 5.30 pm. to the natives in Africa has been for
The return of & 59 to Germany, and the reported arrived in America of the Deutschland on her second trip across the Atlantic, are events of great interest, but of a new significance, in the enemy's submarine operations. expected, and both were rather overdue. It will be noticed that Commander Ross come home took nearly a week longer than to make the outward passage, which suggests a caatious vegage, and possibly a deliberate delay in order to gain the benefit of the dark nights which prevailed He will towards the end of last week. certainly be credited by his compatriots with the accomplishment of a delicate and difficult piece of work to bringing be through the Allied cordon of
In a single day, within a month after craisers und patrol boats, but for a sub- marine manner with a picked crew the the declaration of the war, 30,000 recruits many years sympathetic and just No task is not so hard as it might seem.
were attested the number provided for other great Power with possessioas fr Anyway, one swallow does not make in a whole year of peace. The War Office Africa has a record comparable to ou sumine: The late captain of the four machinery, at first quite inadequate, sur-own in the treatment of the natives, had a double success at the beginning of this year in running the blockade bath vived the avalanche, and adapted itself to whether as aegards, protection for their out and home, but he has had no imita-the new heaven and the now earth, as personal liberties and their property lors, although, as the destruction of theverything else and to do. Members of rights, or respect for their customs and Greif showed, there have been attempts Parliament and provincial business men beliefs. The Imperial Government lins were called in to help, or catte in with regarded itself as trustee for native out being called; military officers who rights and has jealously protected these had lived in a world of their own found against cricroachment. We have been ain- themselves suddenly attempting to comgularly fortunate, too, in that many of municate with civilians from quite an other world.
in this direction.
The new feature about 77 53's cruise is that we have the dates of its beginning and end, and the exploit of sinking the six steamers off the Nantucket lightship on Oduber ath appears in a newbat different light when it is seen that the submarine had to make a six-weeks' voyage to do it. Add other two or three weeks in which the bent must remain at her base for refit and repair and to rest her crew, and it will be realized how impossible is the hope of sustaining abmarine blockade of the American coust, especially when it is remembered that no other boats will have the benefit. of the element of surprise with which U was favoured.
The problema presented by a submarine campaign on the other side of the Atlan tie, seen rather to be political and legal than naval. The methods of accounting for the submarines which have proved effective in home waters and in the Mediterranean may not be adapted to localitie, in close proximity to the coast of the United States. At the same time, it can hardly be expected that the Allied Powers will stand idly looking on if merchant ships continue to be sunk in the trade lanes approximate to American, waters."
BNOWSTORM OF FAYSHEETS.
Dar African administrators have been distinguished by their eagerness to pro mote the well-being of the native, and by a genuine devotion to their interests. By the native African the names of men life Sir Heary Johnston, Sir Godfrey Lagden, Sir George Denton, Lord Milner, and Lord Selborne are remembered with gratitude, affection, and respect
OFFERS OF SERVICE.
"It is no wonder, then, thai since the outbreak of this tiemendous war repcut- Lod offers of service have been made to the Imperial Government by native: Africans ip every quarter of the continett. They weto eager for the opportunity of fight in our side at a time of need for the. Empire of which they are proud to form part. The natives of Africa are excellent military material. They are men of fine physique, with marvellous eyesight and an extraordinary capacity for endurance. Well trained and well led they make fine soldiers.
What astonished the efficient civilians moat in those early times was the daily snowstorm of pay sheets and forms of all kinds which descended upon them, antike mauna, from London. The 500 paid officials who were snowed under by those documenis at the beginning of the war have since been increased to 7,000. In the fifth week of the war 250,000 men presented themselves for the Army or the Territorial Force, and of that number 175,000 were passed into the Regulars.
A contral organisation, equipped to feed, house, clothe, arm, drill, and in- struct an army, at the most, of 700,000 men was confronted, a few weeks after the declaration of war, with an army of about a million and a half, and winter was at hand. Appalled by the apparent impossibility of getting huts and clothes and boots, to say nothing of ritles, ready in time for all who were demanding them, the War Offion on September 11th, five weeks after the opening of the war, de liberately checked recruiting by raising the standards. The expedient was all 200 successful. It had not occurred to the War Office then to put the superfluous recrnits into reserve groups, from which pines subther might be called as they were re those of the British E**
Recruiting rapidly fell off, Now, when we are seeking to tap for marines, the latest in commission when quired. the war broke out. The respective details and at the same time everybody imagin the Army our reserves of manpower in ing that the country had enlisted as
this country,why should we refuse to are as follows:-
many suldiers as it would need-the voice avail ourselves of the vast reservoir of of the parrot was heard in the land manhood in Africa? The nativo popula
Business LY tion under British control in Africa is ropesting everywhere
Bual." This had an injurious influence, estimated at, 45,000,000, Compulsory and the great slump in voluntary remilitary service or forced labour for the The standard for adult males of this population is not to cruiting ensued. recruits was lowered again in the second be thought of; nor is it necessary.
We month of the war, and the age limit was could raise among them half a million extended, but the auischief was not to be sturdy men in six months by voluntary
enlistinent. so easily undone. construction made in two years. Not Recruiting was now entrusted in a
AN INSTRUCTIVE CONTRASI.
It is instructive to compare the part culars, said to be official, which have been telegraphed from America concern ing the dimensions, etc., of the with
Cuns
C. 53.
$
Forpedo tubes
E Boats.
4-5
Periscopes
H.P., oil engines....
Speed (surface)
Speed (Submerged). 10 knots
Submerged radius...
One 3in. joné 4in. Three
2,400 18 knots 14 kaots 5,000 knots There is shown here the progress
two 3in.
1,750
10 knota
in
For many reasons, however, the British Government is reluctant to use African natives as combatants. That is no justi fleation for our not using them as non- combatants. There is abundance of work for them behind the fighting-line in France
as road-makers, road-cleaners, railway builders, transport-drivers, and in any other capacities.
The War Office is said to be ready to that the development indicated in the much larger degree to the civilian organi-experiment on a modest scale in the rais German figures comes as any surprise.
barsations, and the Parliamentary Recruiting of a non-combatant corps in Africa. It was not only anticipated, by, plainly evident to, our naval authorities, ing Committee sanvaased 8,000,000 beads This is not a time for peddling measures, whose reply cannot yet be disclosed. On of households on their duty to contribute which would probably be followed later more than one occasion 1 have referred to the military strength of the country.
FEWER GUNS AND GREATER SPEED.
The experience of the war would stem
THE DERBY SYSTEM.
Under the National Registration Act, passed in July, 1915, all the men and women in the United Kingdom between the ages of 10 and CS were registered, with all the information concerning them necessary for recruiting and industrial
purposes,
WORKING SCHEMES,
by atahitious schemes that would collapse because adequate preparation had not in these columns to the entry into service,
been made beforehand. The War Office actual or pending, of improved German submarines, the designs for which had
should sim at the outset at raising a been prepared some months before the
native African force for non-combatant war began. Boats of from 1,700 to 2,000
service of 100,000 men, and the preli- Lons displacement, carrying four din. or
minary measures should be taken accord Sin. guns, with engines of 4,000 horse
ingly so us to casure that a considerable power and a speed on the surface of 161
proportion of the men would be avail- knots, had been planned, and there was Then took place the last great recruitable next spring. A hundred thousand admittedly no mechanical difficulty ining rally for the voluntary system. The blacks on non combatant work would free constructing boats of this size. Indeed, new feature of this last rally was Lord an almost equivalent number of white vessels of even larger types 6.000 hp Derby's group system, under which, in men for the fighting line in 19177 were in sight.
the space of two months, 2,250,000 men attested under the group system, and in To ensure success any scheme for the addition it added over 375,000 men im-enlistment and training of African natives on a large scale must be worked out with thought and care from the outset A committes ought to be formed in London of experienced African adminis It was found by the Government, how: trators. This would work in co-opera- ever, that an appreciably large number tion with native chiefs and lenders of of single men of military age had neither native opinion in Africa. Probably an attested nor enlisted, and accordingly, arrangemant could be made with our old in January of the present year, rally Fortugal to ship the recruits to that Asquith introduced his Military Service country and give them preliminary Bill to conscript the unmarried, and it training there. Huts and encampments became law. A similar measure in respect would b Te to be erected in time to From its geographical of the married followed soon after, and receive teen. by May 25th all men of military age in situation Portugal is an admirable half. Great Britain had been made liable to way house between Africa and the battle- be called into the Army.
to indicate an interesting modification of mediately to the Army. At Great Scot these designs. The demand for guns basland Yard 2,300 recruits were dealt with been reduced, as in most, at any rate, of in one day, and 6,200 in the last six the boats of which we have had informa clays of the schemNG, Lion not more than two weapons were
zone.
47
Sr. Pazar's CHURCH, West Point. Sno- day, 28th November Holy Comwarien & s.m. Morning Prayer sad Bermen, 11 sm. Pres- cher, Rev. the Butop of Victoria.
UNION CHURCH, Kennedy Bead. Bunday, Morning Bervices at 11. a December
Evening Hymes, 396, 571, 999 and 493, service at 6, Hymns 22, 261, 107 and 191. Preacher, Rev J. Kirk Machanckie,
FrasT CHURCH OF CHRIST. SCIENTIST, MacDonnell Road, Sunday, 11.15 am. Wednes
NATIONAL MISSION,
The opening service of the Mission will be held this (Saturday) evening in St. John's Cathedral, commoncing at 6 pm.
*FOR THE BLOOD IS THE LIFE.”
Sure Sign of Blood Impurity.
The continual appearing through the skin of ECZEMA, BLOTCHES, SPOTS, BLACKHEADS, PIMPLES, BOILS, SORES AND ERUPTIONS OF ANY KIND.
The throbbing aching pains of BAD LEGS, ULCERS ABSCESSES, SCRO. FULA, GLANDULAR BYELLINGS, BLOOD POISON, PILES.
The Dread Grip of RHEUMATISM, SCIATICA, LUMBAGO, GOUT.
All these are sure signs of clogging blood impurity, calling for immediate treatment through the blood, so don't waste your time and money on useless lotions and messy vintments, which cannot get below the surface of the skin. What you want and what you must have is s medicine that will get right to the root of your trouble, a medicine that will thoroughly free the blood of the poisonous matter which alone is the true cause of all your suffering. Clarke's Blood Mixture is just such a medicine. It is composed of ingrediants which quickly attack, over- come, and expal from the blood all impurities (from whatever suso arising), and by rondering it clean and pure man be. relied on to effect a lasting cure.
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mbe kest in a Partest Condition al the your sound by a regular med Baschaa's La-sola. It sformally resorna að Havaknes, Racham, Ta ・Tribebes, and is delightfully Soothing and Refreaking at aŭ times. Ofaliigass Chemists and Stora "Monofactured by
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earried. On the other hand, the speed has gone up. Vessels of 20 knots made their appearance at quite an early stage of the submuring blockade. The U 39, 50 Far as her speed and armament are con cerned, represents a compromise between the designs of 1914 and most of the German boala completed during the war. She is neither exceptionally well armed nor particularly fast, but her remarkable feature is her radius of action. Where she might have carried four guns she has
We know that before compulsion was Unlike the Indians, there is no caste only two her torpedo tubes number only four, and her surface speed of 18 knots introduced over 5,000,000 men in the system among the Africans; the problem represents the mediain between the United Kingdom had voluntarily come of their supplies is therefore greatly sim- 14-knot boats finished before the war and forward to fight, the enemy. It is not plified. Rice and bully beef would be the those of 20 knots which have been known to the public how many have been staple of their diet. No dinculty need employed around these islands,
added by conscription, but the British be apprehended on the score of language. This interesting development of the Army is now spoken of in well-informed Large numbers of the natives understand range of action of submarines, which, though confidently expected, has been quarters as an Army of at least six English, and they would have educated million men. Taking everything into men of their own race as non-commis hastened considerably under the stress of war, is one of the features of the sea account, it may be claimed with confid-sioned officers, who would be the medium warfare, from both the naval and ence that no other country has ever made between the rank and file and the white engineering standpoints. When hostilior is making now a greater war effort officers.
It has been shown that there are great ties were declared it was thought to be than is being put forth in these times
reserves of man-power in British Africa; as much as the U boats could do to by Great Britain.
All the above figures relate to the that they could be drawn upon with reach the shores of these islands. Que recalls the sensation experienced by the United Kingdom only, and take no great advantage by us in this gigantic public when it was found that had account of the magnificent contribution war; and that by using them behind the men and money of our Oversea lines we could release from non-combat- been able to travel as far south as the in Hook of Holland and torpedo the three Dominions.
ant work thousands of white men who Crossy." In December, 1914, Grand
would be available for combatant service. Admiral von Tirpitz, in the historie Two months later the first U boats It only remains for the Government to interview in which he foreshadowed a reached the waters of the Irish Channel, act. When it acts let it do so with bold- subraarme "blockade,"
said:
and two months later still they were busyness and judgment. Foresight and energy off the south coast of Ireland. In May, will be needed in the work of preliminary The successes achieved (by the sub marines) do not justify the conclusion 1915, helped by supplies en route, the first preparation. The scandals of the train that Inge ships are played out. It is of them had reached the Dardanelles. ing camps in the autumn and spring still a question whether submarines could. The following September saw a regular of 1914-15, owing to the defective ar have believed so splendidly in other campaign against merchant shipping rangements made by the War Office, must waters, In this war we have learnt a instituted in Mediterranean waters. not be allowed to recur in the recruit- great deal We believed that they could which became specially virulent in
ment and training of black labour. In scheme on these lines will place at Sir- scarcely remain longer than three days December, 1015. and April, 1916. from their hase, as after that time their Simultaneously the boats, as things to be entrusted not to military men, but services in France a great body of hard- fact, the African recruiting scheme ought Douglas Haig's disposal for anxiliary crew would be exhausted. We soon dis- became too hot for them in the Mediter- euvered that the large types of these boats ranean, began to operate in the Atlantic. could go round England and remain out The extension of their depredations to for as week as 14 days at a time."
the American const could not come, thero - (Continued at foot of next Column.) .. fore, as a surprise.
THE NEW FRENCH REMEDY THERAPION NL-1 THERAPION NË 2
FORES DISCHARGERSTRERINGWITHOUT INJECTIES
SURDA BLODES, POISON, BAD LEOS, SEM ERUPTIONS
CONSCIONID WEAKKEESTA.DRALES BOLNA MER THERAPION No. 3
· EDIT T2301. En
COLDRE LEADING GRIESTINÉE, PRICE IS D BEND WIAKT ÉDENES ENVELDSE SOP FREE BOE TO BR. LUCLEOD.ca A CURE LONDON FOR YOU
LAVE AND
THERAPION LASTING CAR
ERE THAT BLADE VARKED WORD TERAPION ORTEOSTADTÁNY AYUDED TO ALL ORDUTIES PACKIES 54
TEALEYTON (GAVISSA YKERAPECIN,
A
to administrators and business men, working, willing, and vigorous men wh leaving to the soldiers only the work of would work with enthusiasm for the Properly worked a Empire of which they are proud to be actual training.
citizens, (Continued at foot of next Column.)
BRITISH GOVERNMENT EXCHEQUER BONDS
AND WAR SAVINGS CERTIFICATES.___
PPLICATIONS may be made through the undomoted Banks, from whom full informa
tion and the necessary forms may be obtained:--:
CHARTERED BANK OF INDIA, Australia & Cust HONGKONG & SHANGHAI BANKING CORPORATION, MERCANTILE BANK OF INDIA, LED
0% EXCHEQUER BONDS
Repayable 1920
Those Bonds, and the interest tharena, are free of Income Tax, if in the benedeisl ownership of persons not ordinarily resident-in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
Bonds are issued in denominations of £100, £200, £500, £1,000 and £5,000. The interest is payable half-yearly on 16th February sad 16th August,
Benda can be obtained to "Boarar" or they may be registered in the books of the Bank of England.
A declamation regarding exemption from Income Tax is necessary in the case of BoseT Bonds, but the interest warrants relating to registered Bonds, without any deduction of Income Tax, can be sent direct to the owner of such registered Bonds or to lia barker,
WAR SAVINGS CERTIFICATES
Value 5 years after purchase.
£500
£1
Purchase Price. £387 10 259. 6d.
FREE OF INCOME TAX.
For every 15s. 6d. lent now £1 will be paid in 5 years' time, equivalent to 5 per cent. compound interest. No Income Tax will be payable.
Anyone, whatever bis or her income may be, can buy War Savings Certificates up to a maximum of 500 £1 Certificates in all, or their equivalent.
Meanwhile the money may be withdrawn in full at any time, with an addition after the first year.
TERMS AND CONDITIONS.
(1) A Certificate entities the purchaser to receivo £1 for each 15s. Gå en the fifth anniversary of the date of purchase, free of income tax in respect of the accumulated interest. (2) A Certificate is not transferable except by permission of the Postmaster.General; a foo of is, will be charged in respect of each transferee. In the event of death, thỏ same rules will be applied as in the case of Savings Bank Deposits.
(3) On written application (on a form obtaizable at any Post Office) being made to the Controller, Money Order Department, London, the purchase price, or part thereof in multiples of 158. 6d. will be repaid at any time, with an addition of 3d, for each 15s. 6d. on the first anniversary of the chases of purchase, and with a further addition of id per 15s. 6d. for each month thereafter.
(4) No person may hold more than 500 £1 Certificates or their equivalent.
The El Certificates (purchase price 158. 60.) are issued in book form, The Certificates for £12 (purchase price £9 6s.) and £25 (purchase price £19 78. 6d.) are issued without books, The £1, £12 and £25 Certificates are on sale at local Post Ofoes and at mint Backs.
Single Certificates for sums from £100 to £500 may be obtained on application to the Comptroller and Accountant Genomi, Gonoral Post Offies, London; application forms are available at all Post Office and at most Hanks,
If Certificates be lost, and the serisi nambers can be furnished to the Controller of the Money Order Department, now Certificates will be issued at a charge of Is.
GENERAL, POST OFFICE, LONDON,
June, 1916,
EXAMPLES OF INVESTMENT IN WAR SAVINGS CERTIFICATES.
*
Purchase
¡Price.
+
387, 10 310
d.
**
48 17
1 year.
2 years.
Value After.
3 years.
4 years. 5 years.
£
d
£ #. d. £ $1. J.
髯 9 d.
£
393 15 315
418 15
448 15
468 15
500
835
355
375
400
232 10
236 5
251 5
266 5
231
5
300
155
157 10
167 10
177 10
187.10
200
77 10
78 15
83 15
88 16
98 15
100
38 16
39 7
44 7
6
50
15 10
15 15
16 15
17 15
18 15
7 17
& 17
8
D 7
3 17
$
3 18
4 B 9
4·13
2
3
7
3 11
3 15
2 6 6
2 7 8
2 10
3
2 18
3
2 16
3
1 11
15 6
1 11 8 16 9
13
1 15 6
1 17 G
16
9
17 9
18 9 1
1172
N.B.-The Investment may be any multiple of 15s. 6:1, up to £387 10s.
“THE BEST THE BREWERS BREW.”
HEEL BRAND
GUINNESS'S
STOUT.
OBTAINABLE FROM ALL WINE MERCHANTS. SOLE AGENTS FOR CHINA:
H. RUTTONJEE & SON. 16, QUEEN'S ROAD.
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This remarkable compound, the latest discovery of miodem tities, is withdit equal in all CHACE of defective nerve and basin power, whether induced by worry, overgtak, disipation, or other tnine ces. Acepicassem palpliation, defective circalation, servous dyspepela, tie or neuralgia, ow spirits, mental and bodily prostration, want of contience, general debility, purmabize docky deficiency of the vital force, loss of vitality, bareming drekin, restiesanem liext eum mersin to dothing, irritabfilty of temper, Sepiake complaints, bysteria, backache, beading down sensations, wasting disemate, DORETA-ption, sight wweste, maddy, high-coloured water, 24824 All 30 MENS different passes of brain and nerve wreckage and exhaustion, the case of by far the greatų, portion of the sisery, fil-bolt, and dependency by which we ate confronted onerary hand, thai can only be increasfully combated by the use of this wonderful and highly scientific preparation Bracing up the stystern gatray, it gives sone to the exhausted nerves, dzenia ni wekkening wasting discharges, restores the falling energies, and imparts new Die and vigour do these whe had so recently serinesi biryed out, neck up and valucien Bottles Price žu. Sci.
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Never before was there anything like, nor can marvellous properties ever be equilled in at eats of pores, impurity, or other imperfection of the blood from whatever came trising. No sooner is it Imbibed 12to the system thas it permeates and penetrates to the minutest capli Eries, overeening and expelling disease, whatsoever and in whatsoever form met with; removing at blotches, pins ples, schef, weRITY, SERCÍAous mod gimodeler swellings, discolorations, roughnes and valg bily patches, c. Its elects are almost magical in the treatment of gost, rheumatizm, sciatice, kibago, pains and swellings of the jolata, dischargne blood potion, ecsetsa, lepts, prorists, and legs, bed breastka, kimcessen, nicent, wounds, sore, goitre or Derbyshire neck, d improves the general health, and quickly restoves long-standing beanckitla, saths, and hacklew wedding, spomodle cough, too often the precursor of consumption. Bottles Price Et B
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[1903