THE WAR.
DESCRIPTIVE ACCOUNT OF THE FIGHTING.
COWARDLY METHODS. OF
ENEMY.
FEROCIOUS MACHINE-GUN FIRE ON
WOUNDED.
RUSSIANS BREAK THROUGH
GERMAN LINES.
72 OFFICERS, 2,700 MEN AND 11 GUNS WON.
FRANCO-BELGIAN FRONT
{THROUGH, REUTER'S · AGENCY.}
BRITISH OFFENSIVE.
CASUALTIES AND METHODS OF WARFARE.
LONDON, July 4th.
It is stated that in no battle during
THI HONGKONG DAILY PER:3, THURSDAY, JULY 628, 1916
[THEOUGH REUTER'S AGENCY.} BRITISH COMPLETELY HOLD
LA BOISSELLE.
LONDON, July 4th There has been fighting throughout the day, and we made slight progress,
We completely hold La Boisselle. A German attack south of Thiepval was repulsed.
-There luas been much fighting in the
GENERAL
{THROUGH 'ZHUTER'S AGENOY.]
'INCREASE IN SUEZ
DUES,
CANAL
LONDON, July 4th. The Buer Canal dues will be raised afty centimes per ton from November
5th.
NEW JAPANESE MINISTER TO PEKING,
TOKYO, July 4th, 2
It is officially announced that Baron Hayashi has been appointed Japanese Minister to Peking
JUTE SACKS.
GERMAN EXPERIMENT ENT
UNITED STATES DECENNIAL
CELEBRATION.
BANQUET AT ASTOR HOUSE HOTEL, SHANGHAI.
PROTEST AGAINST LUNG CHF-KUANG.
خديجة
TELEGRAMS TO FOREIGN MINISTERS.
says the No 0. Daily News of July 1st,
KADOURCES
The dinner given at the Astor House, Shanghai, on June 30th, under the
The Intelligence Bureau of the Repub auspices of the Far Eastern Americanican Government of China (Shanghai): Bar Association and uthor American organizations, in connection with the celebration of the decennial anniversary. of the United States Court for China, was an entire success in very sense of the word says the N. C. Daily News, even though the chief guest of honour, the Hon. Paul S. Reinsch, American Minis ter to China, failed to arrive,
JUDGE. ZOBINGIER'S SPEECH,
The following telegram was sont yes terday to HE, Sir John Jordan and their Excellencies the Envoys Extraordinary and Ministers Planipotentiary of the friendly Powers at Poking:-
"For the past three years Lung Chi kuang has grossly misruled Kuangiang, To preserve peace and order a telegram went yesterday to President Li Yuan hung urged Lung Chi-kuang's immediate province will be thrown into turmoil, dismissal. Unless lu be relieved the whole Henceforth the people of Kuangbang will repudiate his authority your Excel
We venture
The Hon. Charles S. Lobingier, Judge of the United States Court for China, who was toastmaster, said:--On June tory, Congress established a tribunal to 30th, 1906, for the first time in its his sit and exercise jurisdiction entirely out side of American territory. Extraterri- toriality in China had been granted our government in 1844, but it did not require Incies that any loans which Lung Chi- long to demonstrate that this most valu-kunng may conclude on security of pro- able privilege could not fully be utilized vincial property or likin will be invalid. without a system of jurisprudence and "We trust your Excellencies will trained officials to administer it. The advise your respective nationals accord." 4th.in 1848 when Congress extended over all
foundation for a jurisprudence was laidingly.
ABANDONED.
LONDON, July The Bremen Nachrichten says tant German experte have abandoned attempts to produce substitutes for jute sacks.
THE NEW MINISTER OF MUNITIONS.
LONDON, July 4th.. The Times says that Mr. Chamberlain will not leave the India Office, and That the Hon.
Edwin. Montague
TANG SHAO-YI ́ WEN TSUNG-YAO: TRANG CHỨNG HỎA,
Guilds of Shanghai, headed by Dr. Wu Dr. Sun Yat-son and the Cantoness Ting-fang, is separate telegrams, urged upon President Li Yuan-hung the im- orative necessity of dismissing. Lang Chi-huang.
circular despatch to Peking and the pro- forces in Kuangtong have telegraphed a The Cornmanders of various district
tion to the continuance of Lang Chi kuang in office.
A FOREIGN AFFAIRS COMMITTEE.
A LINK BETWEEN GOVERNMENT
AND COUNTRY RATSAS
[UY ARTHUR PONSONBY, M. P.] visit of certain members of Parliament It will be the greatest pity if the recent
to France is allowed to pass merely as a social incident af no particular value the constitution of the body which went Although the initiation of the visit and
out, to France are to some extent, veiled. ber of numbers of both Houses visited in mystery, the fact remains that a num
cordiality, and came away onthusiastic, Paris, were received, with the greatest not only as to their reception, but in their praise of certain aspects of the, French Parliamentary system. came in
They
a body of deputies who were far better- Foreign Affairs Committee,, and found contract with the French
informed and had a far closer knowledge. Government than they themselves and of of the policy and method of their departmental affairs or policy in their
own country.
The French system of Parliamentary Coramissions has undoubted advantages. At the same time, plenty of objections Biay
be found by those who prefer to keep things as they are, against instituting a similar system in Groat Britain. But in recent years the power of the Executive has very noticeably increased, service of the rank and file in the Legis and the utility and opportunities for Iature has correspondingly declined; it that this weakening of the authority of is therefore not unreasonable to suppose the House of Commons cannot continue indefinitely, or that members will no by being kept ignorant. longer be content to be rendered powerless
the present war has the proportion of air behind the enemy lines. Seven (Under Secretary of State for India) is chosen for certain judicial offices inde incos declaring their unalterable opposition. But it is roro especially in the
lighti
This is
slight casualties been so nor accidental, but in consequence of the deliberate and methodient procedure of the Allies, who, despite the completeness of the enemy artillery preparation and the stretches of wire, have miraculously escaped destruction and proved most costly to their assailants, the Germans still relying on their machine-guas de fensively Those appeared mysteriously from dug-vita, sometimes forty feet deep, and wore handled with the greatest. bravery and sometimes with ferocity, playing on the British wounded lying on the ground. Some of the latter escaped by lying in abell-holes half-full of water, till dusk, when they crawled to the British times.
At one point a number of Germans emerged from their dug-outs clapping. their hands and displaying white flags, and were placed under a guard, but when the British main body had passed more of the enemy poured out of their burrows and the prisoners joined them in over powering the guards,
It is the honeycomb of catacombs 'in village like Thiepval and Berre that enables the Germans to still hold out at
any pointe..
Some of the most fierce fighting took lace at Fricourt and La Boisselle, where the pi
pipers of the Tyneside Sente played the men to the assault.
At La Boisselle there was heavy fighting in the wood west of the village, where grenades were mostly used.
The desperate character of the struggle for Fricourt, which is the apex of the German salient, is evidenced by the fact that the village was only stormed at two o'clock on Sunday afternoon, though the British had been holding the adjoining wood and heights since Saturday even ing.
RAIN INTERFERES.
PRISONERS EXCEED 3,000
LONDON, July 4th. General Sir Douglas Haig reports that torrential rains have interferred some
rential ra
what with the offensive.
German machines were driven down. We have had no casualties.
FRENCH CONTINUE
PROGRESS.
PARIS, July 5th, An official commotinique states: -The French continued their progress south of the Somme, capturing woods and villages and taking prisoners.
GERMAN BATTERIES
CAPTURED.
PARIS, July 4th.
Find
tacks north-west of the Thiaumont work A communiqué says:Six enemy at
were repulsed by curtain-fre rifle-fire with beavy loss,
the Somme. S
The night was calm north and south of
our citizens in China" the laws of the United States so far as necessary and suitable to execute the treaty. This was amplified and helped to place our jurised to Sir Francis Henry May, the An identical message was also despatch prudence here on a firm basis. But the Governor of Hongkong. trained administrator was still lacking. Our Ministers and Consuls doubtless made the best of a difficult situation, but they were laymon as a rule and it was not to he expected that they should find themselves at home in the technical field of law. In 1881 Secretary Blaine, in an groes by President Arthur, recommended opinion which was transmitted to Con that men of legal training should b
establishment of a soparate system of pendent of the consular system and the courts at least in China, with an appel- late court at Shanghai." In March, 1806, Congressman Edwin Denby, son of a bill. It passed the Lower House under former Minister to Chins, introduced his his guidance, received the support of Senator Spooner in the upper Chamber and became a law on the day we now celebrate. It has been gratifying to find that the American community in China has come to look upon that event as a Lord Derby has been appointed Under landmark in its history and it affords me great pleasure to acknowledgn publicly Sceretary of State for War.
the loyal support which all American or ganizations in China have rendered in preparing for this observanco..
now mentioned as Mr. Lloyd George's successor to the Ministry of Munitions.
It is understood that Lord Derby will he Under Secretary for War, and that ho has refused a seat in the Cabinet.
NEW UNDER-SECRETARY
1
FOR WAR.
THE IRISH DIFFICULTY.
SETTLEMENT REACHED AT MINISTERIAL CONFERENCES.
LONDON, July 5th.
MR. FESSENDAN'S SPEECH, K
Mr. S. Fessenden delivered a valuable address on the working of the Court. He said:The Act of Congress eroating the Court did not enlarge or extend to any appreciable extent the laws which had beon administered for many years by the
ments is worthy of very careful considera- THE FOREIGN OFFICE VOIE The idea of attaching Parkerentary Commissions to the chief State depart-
realm of foreign affairs and international relations that the importance and ignor ance of Parliament has been displayed in recent years, and has amounted to a grave danger. The Foreign Office Vote, face of the earth, for we are firmly, con- proud of many of our institutions and vinced that we have just grounds to be
the one opportunity for the discussion of these vital matters, was admittedly, we believe that they have a far-reaching barron, fruitless and the worst attended before the war broke out, the most. infuonce. Hence we ask ourselves, what sort of an influence has the establishment because there were not many members who debate of the Session This was not of the United States Court in China realised what important issues wore at Has it added to the prostige of our coun- try? Dom it create a good impression expect any statement of policy, owing to stake, but because it was hopeless to on the people of this country? We must the practice that had grown up of with- frankly confess that it was not philandrawing foreign affairs ostensibly from thropy on the part of our Government the party arena but actually from all that led to this enterprise. It owes its Parliamentary supervision. In no previ origin to the peculiar situation arising ous period has so little boon known of out of extraterritoriality, and to con- siderations of practical importance. We previous period has this searet method our international relations, and in no saw what good results were produced by been adopted with auch rigidity as dur the British Court, and we argued that ing the ten years or so preceding the similar results would follow from the founding of an American Court. Anori- cans are idealists as well as a very prac
war.
It is stated that the Ministerial con! Consular Courts. In the earlier stages | ticul prople, and we like to think that any powers which properly belong to the
ferences yesterday resulted in the prac-
The enemy did not attempt to countertical settleunut of the Irish question. American law in China. Such diffenities other. We do not exaggerate when we
attack the captured positions, which wo have organised.
Three more batteries, two of which are heavy batteries, have been captured. GERMANS KECAPTURE
THIAUMONT WORK,
PARIS, July 5th,
An official communiquéstates: The Germans recaptured the Thiaumont work. 9USSIAN FRONT.
(THROUGH REUTER'S AGENOT.]' RUSSIANS BREAK THROUGH GERMAN DEFENCES.
CAPTURE OFFICERS, MEN AND OUNS.
PETROGRAD, July 4th.
An official communiqué states that the Russians broke through two lines of Cerman defences at Bazanovitchi, and. captured 12 officers, 2,700 men, cleven guns, and a number of machine guna,
HE BALKANS
{THROUGH REUTZE'S AGMILY.]
FRENCH-AIR RAID ON SOFIA.
SALONIKA, July 4th. French airmen have bombed military establishments at Sofia.
ROUMANIA'S POLICY,
HOLDING UP ENEMY GOODE.
BUCHAREST, July 4th.
The situation south of the Angre is of Austro-Hungarian rolling stock and unchanged.
The Government is seizing & quantity ammunition which was sent to Roumanie from Bukhorina to escape capture by the Russians.,
The prisoners exceed 5,000. Today's operations have consisted chiefly of minor local enterprises with a the exportation of numerous products to The Government has also prohibited view to retaining our gains.
Turkey, and has ordered total prohibi tion to Bulgaria.
AFRICA
ENEMY RESISTING STUB- BORNLY.
LONDON, July 4th. General Sir Douglas Haig reports that the enemy, heavily reinforced from other parts of the line, continues everywhere to resiat most stubbornly.
There was heavy fighting during the night in the vicinity of La Boisselle, and
{THROUGH REUTER'S^_AGENOT.) EAST AFRICAN CAMPAIGN,
LONDON, July 4th. General Smuts reporte that General Vandeventer assumed the offensive on the 24th of June, and drove the enemy from
all prepared positions about Kondairang, and is now pursuing them towards the the enemy recaptured a small portion central railway we secured in the of the defence south of the village. Karagwe district.
It is understood that Mr. Walter Long is now the only opponent to Mr. Lloyd George's proposals He addressed a pri- vate Unionist meeting yesterday, at which opinions were strongly expressed against further resignations.
FRENCH LOAN IN AMERICA.
ENTENTE FINANCE CORPORATION
FORMED
NEW YORK, July 5th.
It is stated in New York that a French Loan of $300,000,000 has been negotiated in the United States, and also that a Finance Corporation has been organised by the Entente banking interests in New York.
DUTCH
DEFENCE OF THE
EAST INDIES.
THE HAGUS, July 6th The Bill for the defence of the Dutch
of a fast cruiser and three submarines.
MR REINSCH's address.
In November last the Prime Minister. him, dismissed in a few brief words the in answer to a question I addressed to
Now a Foreign Affairs Committee, while it may not in itself exercise immo diate control, and while it should always be precluded from arrogating to itself. of its work the Court was confronted with in addition to the practica! benefits to many of the difficulties which for years be derived from our institutions for our
House as a whole, is undoubtedly an Rd had hampered the administration of selves, certain benefits are conferred on
mirable method of creating a well inform ed body of merabers, of stimulating as actually existed must be attributed say that American education in China sibility in the flouse itself with regard through them a greater sense of respon system of national and State governmented in winning the goodwill of the Chinese, instituting a link between the Govern very largely, if not entirely, to our dual apart from what it may have accomplish- rather than to any inherent deficiency in has had a great and far-reaching in-mont and the country. A vigilant com- to its duties in this connection, and of our laws generally. The laws extended fuence, and has brought to China mittee watching current events, examin- assured to be the general laws of the week for the causes leading the people detailed points of foreign questions by Congress to China bavo always been many new creative ideas. When we ing papers and discussing the more United States and not those of any parti of China to attempt the establish would be a support and assistance to any cular district or territory. The great ment of a republican form of government, Foreign Secretary who really desired difficulty with which our courts in China we make no mistake if we attribute it have had to contend is the application of largely to their knowledge of and and to keep in contact with public to take the country into his confidenco this general law to conditions in China. admiration for the Great Republic. opinion. But this Bod In 1907 a criminal case aruse in the of which wo are citizens
other still So it more important reforms necessary for United States Court for China which was
gems to us that in some way the securing adequate Parliamentary control destined to have far-reaching effects upon United States Court in Chins must be
will be opposed to the utmost by official- the administration of American law in exerting a beneficial influence upon the dom whose attitude towards the House China. The defendant was charged with Chinese In claiming that such is the of Commons is one of supreme contempt, having obtained money by false pretences. case, we must not overlook the fact that whose determination to keep the entire His counsel set up the defence that ob the stream of influence is the same as that control in their own hands behind closed tsining money by false pretences was not which flows from the British Court. doors is stronger than ever, and whose norime at common law. It was net
power to guard the Foreign Secretary statute of the United States although it following address was then read by the
In the absence of the Minister the from the contamination of Parliament- then, is not now, made a crime by any
ary or popular influence is still very is a criminal offence by statute in every Consul General, Mr. Sammons
formidable. State in the Union. This case was taken
As we look back over the last ten years on appeal to the United States Circuitwe may indeed justly feel gratified at Court of Appeals and some extremely in the work which has bean accomplished by idea of instituting & Foreign Affairs toresting results followed. The Court of the United States Court for China in Appeals in stating its opinion reviewed working out the many complicated Committee as being an expedient of no with considerable detail the system of law problems of action and of legal theory war time is sufficient excuse 'in the eyes practical advantage. The fact that it is confront it. It be China
to attempt to foretell at what time. the Chinese-Government. In chinery. But this private visit, though prove any of our governmental ms- The original Act of Congress giving jurisdiction to Consular
its parts-national, East Indies provides for the building China merely provides that such jurisdictration of justice so equitable, sound and blessing, and might constitute the begin- Courts in local shall have developed an adminis sanction, certainly had a private official provincial, and it may not have had a formal official tion shall be exercised in conformity with the laws of the United States and where honest as to reader the foreign Powers ning of a Foreign Affairs Committee if euch laws are deficient or unsuitable the willing to place their nationals under common law and the law of equity and with satisfaction every step in advance P. O'Connor, if they are responsible, its sway Well-wishers of China greet followed up. Lord Bryce and Mr. T.
it were properly utilised and immediately admiralty shall be extended in like man made in the efficient organization of this deserve great credit for initiating such a der over American citizens. When the important department of the Govern-step, but I am sure they would be the Court of Appeals examined into this easement; and in the view of enlightened first to acknowledge that & mero inter- it found that obtaining money by false men, especially of lawyers, the fact that change of social amenities with one coun- pretences was not made a criminal offence this very Court, itself the fruit of the try is not sufficient by itself. by any general statute of the United condition of extraterritoriality may States. The next point to be considered through the excellence and soundness of was the question whether obtaining money its work contribute to the development of by false pretences is an offence at comjudicial efficiency in China according to moned int than is a common cane modern principles of public administrator is in a book I have recently published denied that there is a common law of the United States It was necessary there judicial independence, gives it a special
tion and thus to help prepere for Chinese Democracy and Diplomscy fore for the Court of Appeals to decido
one of the principal advantages of a whether there is a common law of the developed sense, of justice is one of the
importance. Undoubtedly, a highly permanent body of this description would
be its existence in the periods when ques United States before it could decide whether an offence had how committed chief characteristics, of the Chinese race.
tions of domestic politics absorb the at common law. The Court decided the In the past, however, it has found its point in this way. It anid we are of pression more in general social judg the opinion that in making the common the formal and specife action of courts. ments, rewards and punishments than in law applicable to offences committed by With us justice is formalized we bave American citizens in China Congress had inherited from the Romans and develop reference to the common law in force in the several American colonies at the ed in words ander which our conduct is ed systems of definite principles express date of separation from the mother coun-judged by definite fribunals. The Ameri-world is not at a standstill, and requires try." Just think what this means. It can and other foreign courts in China watching and observing by other eyes means that where the Statutes of the ought to represent, before the eyes of the than those of the departamental experts The Government has urged Tong Siu-yeable the Court must ascertain the com-justice upon a higher plane in a more officially recognised and officially consti United States are deficient or not suit Chinese people, the humanization of alone. Moreover, this emunittes must be mon or unwritten law in force in the comprehensive way, Though the Chinese tuted if it is to render any real service. colonies one hundred and fifty years ago, and, if succesful attempt to apply it in China. This was in fact what the Court had been trying to do up to this time.
CHINESE TELEGRAMS
(FROM THE CHUNG NGDI BAN PAO.........]
NEW APOINTMENTS
PEKING, July 5th, The Government propose to appoint Yiu Sie kwong to superintend Kansu military affairs.
As Wong Darsit is unwilling to Lake
ko will succeed him. the Ministry of Communications, 62 Bia
The Ministry of Agriculture and Com- merce will be divided into two Ministries, with Leong Kia-chiu as Minister of Agriculture and Cheong Hien as Minister of Commerce
to proceed to Peking to solve the Kwang
batter,
Jiu Way he, Governor, of Choikuang, has asked Loong Kai-chiu to come into the political circle.
**ENYLUENCE IN CHINA.
The next speech was that of Dr. Hawks Pott, who said:-Perhaps we Americans Leak Koon-moru favours the abolition are not the most modest people on the of the Military Bureau.
(Continued on next Column.)
enter these courte only as plaintiffs and enormous work of transforming their only in very small numbers, yet in the judicial system the Chinese have these courts immediately before their eyes and from their operation they for their most direct view of Western justice in action. The evening was diversified by some very pleasant music.
NEED FOR A PERMANENT. COMMITTEL.". precise functions and procedure of such There is no space here to enlarge on the a committee. I have devoted a chapter
public mind, and even newspaper reports of foreign events are either crowded out or of the most meagre description Then it is pression that nothing is going on
that
people are under the im-
critical importance may be developing abroad," while all the time events of and even if they are not, our diplomatic and commercial intercourse with the
While there can be no objection to any with one or two exceptions, those who member serving on such committee, went to Paris have not interested them solves very conspicuously in foreign ques tions in Parliament, while many who were regular norticipants in disenssiona on foreign affairs on the Tóry as well na on the Liberal side of the House were not included-Chronicle