GERMAN WAR LOSSES.
4,000,000 LOSSES IN 20 MONTHS
The Military correspondent of the "Duity News writes
bet
The statistician who compiled the list of Gernian casualties in last week Official Gazette must be a very simple Simon if he thinks the figures, which bo tabulated with such ostentations prüfence to aconracy, will deceive anyone who has any knowledge at all of the frightful wastage which is inseparable from present-day war conditions, especially when war is waged, as the Germans. wage it with a ruthless disregard for human life. The German public may
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FRENCH SENATORS IN ENGLAND.
THE KING'S WELCOME.
The French Senatore and Deputies, who have recently visited England, wore entertained at ten by the King and Queen at Buckingham Palace. The King, addressed the French members of Parliament as follows:--
Gentlemen;--I welcome you as Mem- bers of the Legislature of a great Re- public with which I rejoice to be united by an intimate alliance of mutual con
THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, THURSDAY, MAY 2 TH 1916.
RETURN OF LADY PAGET. BULGARIANS AND ENGLISH OPINION.
Lady Paget, together with 54 members of the Serbian Beliet Fund, unit which formed her hospital staff at Uskub, re turned to Lonaun recently from Serbia by way of retrograd, experiences of the unt since the occupa
A member of the party, relating the tion of Lskub by the Austrian and Bul garlan troops, said
On the appronen of the enemy, Troops in October, Lidy Paget decided to re- inain at Uskul, because it was impossible to take the patients with us, and it would mean abandoning all the stores. The Bulgarians advanced so rapidly that we were cut off, and could not have got the
NEW SUBMARINE CAMPAIGN.
IMPROVED U BOATS,
The Navas Correspondent of The Times writes—The submarine campaign con- tinues te assume a more intensive form, na the lists of victims which are being. shed from day to day car witness with painful insistence,
of the new outbreak of frightfulnes
During March, which the beginning.
was promised, the Board of Trade re- turn of werenntile casualties included 30 British steamships sunk by the enemy -a loss of carrying capacity of a little over 60,000 tons. About one third of tis loss was attributed to mines, but the sub- marines were responsible for the bulk of the injury. This month, while as yet co official statement is available, there is
even heavier. The methods employsi, as well as the toll taken, prove beyond a doubt that, as I venturee to predict on the eve of the new outburst, the sgu the terms of the threat might chang, the policy would be the same.
perhaps pretendit enn only be pretence fidence an alliance- destined, as I trust, patients away. The hospital was
tu believe the figures "to in correct,
to le perpetual. You are all the more colony outside the town, and the bird reason to fear that the loss will prove because every German has been dragoon welcome because you represent much of ed from infancy to have blind faith in all his Governnient says and does; but. outside Germany the figures will be re- garded by neutrals and belligerents alike as a ludicrous travesty of facts. and as having no value for any purpose what- erer except to conceal the terrible truth.
A FAKED CABUALTY LIST, Let us look for a moment at the official casualty list for the month of March, when some half a million or more of Gorman soldiers were hurled nearly con
tinuously by day and night against the French entrenchments protecting Ver dun. The casualties are stated under al!:
rond passed through it. As the But the political intelligence and ability ofgarians Advanced Inis road was chokeil France. Among you are men who have with an unending procession-first the filled, and others who are likely in the retreating Serbian Army, and then the future to fill, very high offices. All civil population and of you have in the work of your important from the country.
refugees Recing Committees acquired a wide experience in the affairs of State, and have on able to render valuable counsel an 1 aid to your Executive Government in its task of conducting this war of un exampled magnitude.
I suppose the battle of Uskub was only a rearguard action The retreat was managed in splendid order by the Ber bins. The line of battle passed through the hospital, but when the Bulgarians saw the Red Cross flag they did not fire
The Bulgarians took
FORTHCOMING EVENTS.
Saturday, 27th May
WEATHER BEPORT.
On the 21th 16-11.50 nm,—A feeble anti-
3.45 pm Becond Gymkhans Meeting at the os olose in ce tral to the east of Tobio...... * Race Course, Happy Valley, Monday, 29th May--
11 am
Auption of Sundry Ship's Gear ex Chiyo Mara," at the T.K.K♫ Gedown' and afterwards at Messre, H, Skott & Co.'s Godowe, by Mr. Geo, P. Lammert, Wednesday, 31st May
A depression has formot rapidly over N. O ins, Ashallow depression is still chown over Tongking.
Pressure le nearly sa inary in southern distilcis
Hongkong rainfall for 24 hours ending at +10 nm, to-day, 0.08 inches
11 km —Auction of Sundry Ship's Gear and f... The forenset for Us 24 Loure ending si Non
Furniture ersa. ** Chiyo Maru," at T KK, 81'to-day fe as follows: Godown and afterwards at Messrs. H. Skott
mun
& Co.'s Godown. Kennedy Town, by Mr. Gea, P. Lammertoetav
HONGKONG TIDE TABLE.
From 20th to 3)ut May, 1918.
LOW WATER Hion WATER.
Thure. 200 Fri
Height
DISTRICT
Hongkong & Neight carlcod.
Formon Charn]
Bouth coast of China bat wen
FOBICAT
(Sen barly wisde,
ght to moder-
sqnally, seri an, re
The same H
No. 1.
South at of China be worn
na na kanks anh nooke
H'kong. Mean Timme
H'Loog. Mesa
Tame
The same as No 1.
Tween! The bunglong and Heizan
No. 1.
h. m.
fein.
47m 10 18
CHINA COAST 29 11 13a 19
METEOROLOGICAL
REGISTER,
96 a
5 11 52 33
52 a 5 0
10 037
25
0
19
17 B
Station.
The vist you are now paying to in that direction,sion of the substitute for the carefully-planned Satur. 27
FUR VALOUR OF FRANCE.
Committes of the members of my Parlia ment is a natural corollary to the con- ferences from time to time held the two Administrations, as well as a natural hoadings to have been 6545, of which expression of the friendship which binds uniber 12.353 are returned askillen the two nations together. Such a visit and died of wounds. Mr. Belloc, who helps to bring still further home to both has paid most particular attention to peopies the cordial co-operation in which this question of casualties, and who has both are working, for it gives a concrete worked out the figures for 1914-1915 with and practical form to the unity of their extreme pains, his fixed the number of aims. When you go, as I am glad to Germans who fell on the battlefeld or
hour you will, to some of the places where died of wounds from August, 1014, to munitions of war are being produced. December 31st, 1015, at 1,000,000. With you will seu for yourselves how strenuous ont recapitulating the arithmetical calare the efforts, that are being made to culations which led him to arrive at this provide the Navy and the Army with all figure, it may be stated to be a conserva-
that they can need. tive one and certainly one which does not err on the side of exaggeration. Other expert writers have put the figure higher, and we cannot go far wrong in accepting Mr. Belloc's estimate of dend as the "irreducible minimum?? which he
claims it to be Dis tributed over 1 months ઘઉં war a million total works out to an average monthly death rate of 58,911. Yet after a month's fighting of unpre cedented ferocity, when larger numbers were thrown into the fighting line than were even before concentrated on so nar rew a front, when the Kaiser's hacking tactics were carried to an extent never before tried, not even at Ypres, nor in any of the Galician battles fast summer, the Germans only own up to having lost 12,853 men "killed and died of wounds Lanving out other theatres of war, it we multiply the figure given by 10 for Yer den alone, we shall be going much nearer the mark than the German official statis tician does
** – LÚDIOROC'S FIGURES,
When you meet the inhabitants of ou cities, you will learn how deep is tho sympathy they feel for the sufferings in flicted by a ferocious invader upon the innocent population of some of your northern districts, and how warm 18 our admiration for the splendid valour and constancy of the whole French people. Never, has that undaunted spirit and unquenchable hopefulness of which French history furnishes o many glorious examples shone with a more brilliant lustre And you will also see for yourselves, wherever you go, how unanimous is the resolution of the prople of these islands, without distinc tion of race, or class, or political party, to prosecute this war until that menace of aggression which has long darkened the sky of Europe, and threatened the prospects of peaceful progress all over the world has been finally removed.
Gentlemen, the Alliance of the Powers that will accomplish this is based not Then take the return of wounded for only on the common interest which all March. Under all four headings of of them--you and Russia and Italy
severely wounded,"
wounded, and Japan, and those reply injured **slightly wounded and wounded countries, Belgium, Serbia, and Mon- remaining with units the return gives tenegro--have, equally with ourselves, in riko figure of 43,597 This figure is putting an end to that menace, but also Another proof, if such were wanted, that upon our devotion to the same ideals. the numbers have been deliberately cook Liberty and peace are the ideals to ed to deceive the public, because nearly which your Republic has boen devoted: all war, statisticians agree that the pro-liberty and peace are the ideals of the portion of wounded to killed in battle British people also, wherever over the 34 between 3 and 4 to 1 and the official world it dwells, here and in the Domin figure are made to tally with this esti- ions and in the Colonies, e mate. We have only to read the French
We donire these blessings for ourselves, communiqués to know that the official we desire them for other nationa also marbers as given in the German reture We hold that in their diffusion every are ludicrously below what they actually where lie the beat hopes for the future were anyone who has seen even in poof mankind. For liberty and for peace time on the artillery range what is called
curtain fire when a battery has found we fight side by side with you, in the belief, stronger now than it has over the range of ita target and pours out been since the the beginning of the war, like rain salvo after alvo Ashrapnel, at the rate of 15 ans and daily growing stronger, that victory
will crown the cause of right. a minute, knows How murderous arust the effect be on a Germa ussiulting column when advancing
of
is close formation to attnek a fortified ANTI-GERMAN FEELING ON position such as Morthoms or Truc
SET GERMAN LORE
04,000,000);" -
The latest German list of caualties, including those given for March, brings the total loss up to 9,720,017. It is only waste of time to dissect this return, which is wholly untrustworthy, and upon which no credence what ter can be It is impossibl, ina short article to go through the intricate calcula tions which are necessary for a complete study of this question, but after a com- parison of the various figures given U different expert writers too writer has come to the conclusion that the net monthly averago wast age in the German army may be put diwn at 200,000, Writing in Land and Water on March 9th last Mr. Bolloo
THE BALTIC.
AN INTERRUPTED SPEECH
A meeting of the members of the Baltic Shipping and Mercantile Exchange was held recly in the Merchants Hall, B. Mary Axe, London, to discuss questions arising out of the membership of persons of allen enemy origin. The proceedings started with the singing of the National Anthem N. Garrard, the chair man of the Exchange, presided, and there were over 500 members present
Mr. Garrard explained that at the be ginning of the war it was decided to ex clude all unnaturalized persons of enemy origin from the Exchange After the sinking of the Lusitania, it was decided
to exclude all naturalized persons of ene origin, and their clerks, unless the former were over 60 years of age, or had
said the not German loss up to December 31st, 1915 was 3,250,000, and Mr. H Warner Allen, deriving his data from other sources, arrives at much the re conclusion. Taking the 200,000 months wastage as a basis for enlculation it is correct to say that the total permanent German loss after 20 months of war amounts to 4,000,000, and this is a mini Tum figure
serving in his Majesty's Forces This had been rigidly adhered to, and at the present time there were only about 30 naturalized members left of whom seven had sons serving, and the rest were over 60 19
town in quite an orderly way, and gave Lady Paget independent use of all her us a great amount of liberty. They gave stores for helping refugees. A difficulty was that the railway lines were broken up in every direction, and for about three months there were no means of getting any supplies into the town at all, so that practically the whole of the re fugee population in that part of Ber- bia was kept alive by the hospital stores. Many thousands were relieved in this way
⠀⠀⠀ WELL TREATED BY THE BULGARIANS,
We received very great consideration, from the Bulgarians, who, according to their ability, gave us all they could in the way of supplies. We had a lot of sacks of
The retirement of Grand Admiral von Tirpitz, whatever ita cause, has but hated the virulent of the submariaa campaign, of which he was the origina tor. Nor is there notually any difference in its vowed object. The Grand ad- miral invented the submarine policy us war on occan commerce which had proved pressed it, was England wishes to a failure. – His aim, as he himself ex Sun.
save us we might play the same game MD. British ship, every ship belonging to the Tue, and encircle England, torpedoing every Allies, that approached any British or Scottish port, and thereby cut off the Wed. I was in this manner that he sought f greater part of England's food supply."
starve us into submission
<VIOLENCE" AGAINST NEUTRALS. The subcarine; "blockade" of 1915, althought it had some success, was, on the whole futile, so far as its primary object was concerned. Moreover, it lod to difficulties with neutral Powers which
of Boure, and we bought a good deal its author perhaps never contemplated,
or else ignored. It is possible that the King Ferdinand and the Princes were German Chancellor would have preferred at Uskub, and later General Mackensen either to prevent a renewal of submarine came with the Germans. We were Bul activity, for which the Grand Admiral garian prisoners, and we had to take our bad made preparations, or at least to orders from the Bulgarians, and not the modify its methods. It is evident, how- Germans. The town was full of troops, ever, from the speech which Herr von and was overcrowded in every way. The Bethmann Hollveg made, that whatever Bulgarian troops, so far as I know, obis wishes, he has not been able entirely served the rights of properly. The to secure their adoption in practice. He seemed very anxious for it to be realized is Tiported to have said that to one that they incant to play a civilized game, I believe they care very much for English should deny Germany the right to op- public opinion.SVG
pose, with all the defensive weapons she posed, the Alling attempt to annili late her people by starvation. As re- gards these weapons, we use them," be said, and we must use them. Y
We left Lakub on February 17, after four months under enemy rule we were treated extremely well. We were lodged in hotels, Lady Paget as the guest of the Queen, and the rest as the guests of the Bulgarian Red Cross. We were allowed to see the sights and visit Eng lish woundet prisoners in hospital. Two vates Woodbine and Morris, the former of these we brought home with us—Pri- of whom is blinded, and the latter hus lost a leg.
WHY THE ALLIES WILL FIGHT TO A FINISH. GERMAN WRITER ON WHAT EACH
HAS AT STAKEA
|
29 728
30m 7:50.
318 19 10:36
0.8m 1 35 43310 70 m2 2 4 3
BEER!
HE
BEER
LAGER E
BEER
LEWERI
SAPPORO-
STAINABLE
The Chancellor thus appears to have fallen into line with the displaced Grand Admiral, and the key to his changed attitude may be found in the 'dured to s Reichstag by the leaders of series of resolutions which were inéros the various parties concerning submarine warfare. It was not as a reprisal for the Allied blockade of Germany that the submarino campaign came into existence. Nor can Is renewal be entirely attribut ed to a bolief that it will have any mere success this year than last. It has really been accepted as a concession to agita tion, and because the laymen, if not th seamen, hope for better results from th newer submarines. It is quite possible, at the same time, that to the advice of Bwvek Admiral von Capullo and his colleagires, it is due that the submarine war is buing pressed with as much violence on neutrál
the campaign merciless as against enemy and neutral alike, it may be thought, can any appreciable effect bo madn against the carrying trade and the tonnage problem aggravated and intensi fed thereby
AGER
STEWES
ASAHT-
EVERYWHERE
SOLE AGENTS:
MITSU BUSSAN KAISHA
HONGEO P.
108
sary to have three boats in operation in, order to keep one on the ground at all times. M
The latest issue of the Hilfe, the organ of Herr Friedrich Naumann, of “Central Europe fame contains--to judge by the extracts quoted in the Fariaerts a highly instructive article by Dr. Paul Rohrbach, in which that notorious Pan-German and Imperialists on British shipping. Only by making { ́E HOUSE STREET, TEL 230-155. writor discusses the reasons why Ger many's chemies have made up their minds to carry out the war to a finish. It appears that each one of them looka with horror at the future which they have prepared for their peoples if Ger many should not be defeated, but should. "emerge victorious from the war." For Italy he proceeds to explain his idea in detail victory for Germany would mean a collapse and a terrible retribu tion on the Goveranient exacted by the people. France would be eliminated as a Great Power for a long time to come, if not for ever. As for England:
The Suez Canal is but a pipe filled with water, through which the road leads to the chief dominions of the British Empire (with the exception of Canada), which all lie round the Indian Orean If as a result of the war the politied, economic, and military co-operation between Central Europe an the East should become a permanent arrange ment this collective Power would hold with one hand the water-pipe of the Bosphorus and with the other hand that of the Suez Canal and a mere squeeze would be enough to send England on voyage to her Indian Ocean by the old route of the Portuguese discoverers round the Cape of Good Hope.
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It would be illogical and unwise to permit the present virulence of the cam paign to obscure a true respective of its Circumstances and probable résults. It is necessary to look beyond the immo- diate facts, and to remember that all experience has shown that the exploits of the U boats wise and fall within well defined limits. Just now we are ex | periencing a full blast of activity, and if the intensiveness of the outbreak ap pears to be more prolonged than was the case in earlier raids, this may be attri buled to improveraents in the boats them selves, There is ample evidence that Grand Admiral von Tirpitz has utilized the resources of Germany for naval con- struction to a very large extent for in creasing the effectiveness of his new sub marines.RENS
THE DROPPING OF MINER
Not only are these of greater fonnage, with more speed and larger capacity for carrying torpedoes, but it has also been asserted that they are fitted for dropping minen. During the last six werks a very large proportion of the shipping casual tios have been due to mines, and this would be explained if the submarines are able to strew such machines in well frecuented paths
In the same way Herr Rohrbach ex plains Russia's position and the risks she runs in defeat. He concludes
We are fighting with nations whose position in the world, whose hopes and aims would either collapec entirely or be gravely injured, by our victory. This feeling of our enemies must be realised If we wish to understand why, in spite Wow of all the blows they have hitherto After a long discussion it was agreed sustained, our enomics still, as it hypno- that a circular should be sent to the mem-tized, cry:* Germany must be crushed " bers to ascertain whether they wished all and the chairman said that the directors persons of German origin to be excluded, would-be guided by the result. A pro posal that the question should be whether In a leaflet published in the United naturalized persons of tuemy origin States, Mr. George L. Fox, Principal of should be admitted was modified, so as the University School, New Haven, Con | tons when submerged, te said; —
necticut makes the following compari-For months they operated 1,350 miles
to confine the issue to persons of German
origin
ENGLAND COMPARED. CRIME IN GERMANY AND
That at least some of the U-boats now employed are more efficient than the older craft must be admitted, but they will have similar dilenlties to contend with which are inherent in this class of vessel Rear-Admiral A W. Grant commanding the United States sub marino Hotillo, gave some interesting in- formation on this point to the Naval Committed of the House of Representa tives in February Speaking of the fier man boste in ups last year, which had 1 surface displacement of 750 tons and 900
e son of crime in Germany and England. from a German-base on Helsoland
GERMAN RESERVES EXHAUSTED, The Germans, as we know from the information in possession of the French General Staff, hava 170 divisions in the held distributed along the various fronta, giving a total of 3,000,000 men. From calculations made in the French Press there was a remsining reservo on Janu Ary 1st last of only 800,000 men of fight ing age, inchiding the 1917 contingent Mr. Josias Alexander endeavoured, which is about 350,000 men, but which aid interruptions, to read extracts from has not yet been called up. If this sal speech delivered by the Prime Minister tulation in even approximately correct, in May of last year, in which Mr. As it is clear that Germany has nearly equith asserted that naturalized Germans Fensted her men of the fighting age, and who were British subjects ought not to in order to keep up the cadres of the be treated as if they were prime faci divisions the field she will have to spies, but members were not in a mood draw, as Austrians, have already to listen to the speech, evidently con- done, on 11 Over 45. How many ten sidering that the views were not sufici- can he ohtained from this source, and ently strong, and before he had proceet what their fighting value may be, would ed far Mr Alexander found it impossible require a lengthened inquiry which must to continue. The whole feeling of the
meeting was strongly anti-German. be deferr" for another day.
The population of Germany, is
is to that of England, as 5 to 3. As to crime, the proportion of bigamy is 1 to 2 nearly in incest, about 1 to 1 in procuring it is 264 to 13 in prouring abortions 1829 to 1 in unnatural offences Hisia to 1; in rape and other sexual crimes it is about 9 to 1int murder, man- slaughter, and other death causing crimes it is 5 to 1 in arson it is about 4 to 1. With regard to divorces it is 22 to 1 As to illegitimate births at 5 to 1. The number of suicidea is four times as great as in England.
They are supposed to have a speed of 20 knots, but, in fact have an operating speed of from 17 to 18 knots, and way run 19 knots on the surface. The reliable information as to the sub speed
Those boats covered the from basc and return 700.
me days, and operated for Jess their torpedoes and ammuni were used up. Upon return to port t 39 men and alx lúfficers! MÉTO, RIJBE days to recuperato is made it ne
(Continued on nest Column)
· Vidivantock Nemuro
Hakodate
Tokio
24TH MAY, AM
Wind
B30.0188B
30.
30.10
Koobl
£9.95
20.69
Qualma secon
2997
Naha
20.93
Benin In
6a
Welke
25.71 58 64
Bankow,
Iohang
Khaking Changtha
Ahány had
Gratula
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Amor
L'ajoun
Koshun
Pescadores
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bongkong
Wachowian Pache Phalian
Cape St. Jainan Aparrin Usguran
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2978 70
29,70
92978 81
39 77 94 BER 2914.77 225.74 77
1297977 86 29.05 10:54 1978568 [26,75 81147)
29.74.79
T. F. Claxton, Director. 1.-BAROMETER, reduced to 32 degress-Faliren- beit, on the level of the sea in inches, tuntha and hundredths Pen
2. TEMPERATURE, in the e nde, în degresă
Fahrenet.
a HUMILITY, ia pe ceztage of saturation, the humidity of ar aturated with moisture being 100
As a matter of fact, what with engine troubles and other defects, not to speak of the losses which becurred, it was found impossible for this system to to kept up, and thus it came about that there were periods of htful and fluctuatio, è drizzdng cáin, I fog, a gloomy, l bail, ing activity. It is fairly certain thn | the same causes will bring about the same results, even with improved vessels. Gor many's margin of strength in submarines may, and probably has increased, but, then, so also have the areas been en larged in which the boats are carrying out their work. There must also be diff- culties in regard to the supply of a suff cient number of trained men for the servico, especially as it was observed in the earlier boats that after 10 days awa from the base something like one-third
4, Direction or WIND, to two points.
5. FORCE OF WINT, according to Ben fort Scale 6. STATE OF WEATHER, b blue sky, o detached {ghting, o overenet, p passing snework, ij +quall rain, snow, t thunder, v viability, w daw (wet).
7. KAIN in inches, tenths and hundredths.
of the crew became less efficient physi cally, which affords a criterion of the limit of time a boat should remain at
we
HONGKONG | METEOROLOGICAL
LEGISTER
Hongkong Observatory, May 24th,
Previous On Date On: Date
Day at
at 2pm. 6 m. 2pm.
Baroa eterna
$29.87 19,84 99.84
70
£4
85 East
96 78
East
SW
2008
Although the recent sinking of a Ger Temperatnys 77
Humidity man submarine by an Anglo-French flotil
Wind Direction.....! la must not be regarded as an isolatad
Ski Force. occurrence, still greater vigilance nur
Weather wo more stringent measures of repression will be necessary in dealing with the now raid. Perhaps, too, the impatience of neutrale with the ruthless methods the Germans will presently be translated into action.
Highest
Lowest open-air Tezory
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CHINA MAIL S.S. CO., LTD.
FREIGHT ANL PASSENGERS
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WILL BAIL FROM HONGKONG FOR
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