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47-2
IN HONG DAI FEESE, SATURDAY, APRIL En, 1976,
SIDELIGHTS FDM UERMANY. AUSTRIAN STATESMAN ON PEACE
TALK,
BRITISH NAVY AND ITS WORK
THE NEWER PIRACY.
Writing on the eve of Germany's latest submarine campaign, Mr. Archibald Hurd, of the Daily Telegraph, said:—
Privy Councilor Pattai, the late Presi dont of the Austrian Chamber of Deputies, and a member of the Austrian House of Lords, bas been addressing the Union of Austrian Authors. Some of his remarks are worth quoting as indications of the spirit animating the Awuran upper clarses, The British Fleet, as well as, and even and their complete subjection to the Ger man point of view,
Our enemies," said Herr Pattaistop at ro means for our destruction, and yet we ard' urged to be moderate in our views, Moderation under these circumstance
would be treason. We are to be moderate with robbers who have fallen upon us, who would annihinde n, whose attacks are cot ing us streams of blood. Were we to aub mit to the moderates we wou'd cominit no thing short of cranimal stupidity
Austria-Hungary and Germany must be-strengthened both towards this north east and towards the west. Thoir political ali ance must be deepened and under an econo mie alliance as wel. Economically we must be inked up with the peopes of the East, and in order ty recomplish this it is abso futely necessary that Rusia and England be driven from their present unnatural position of power. Even in this war has not England stalen Egypt? If we do not nocomplish this the war will end without ayten! decision, and peace will not liber ate the world from the perpetual slanger with which Engand and Russia threaten the civilised world."
"TWADDLE" ABOUT PEACE
|
British Admiralty, proeminently, the which in
wireless telegraphy oxercises a wide control, is about to be submitted to a new lost. At midnight, so the German mwepers state the new submarine campaign was to be inaugurated. Every Allied merchant ship carrying defensive armament will be sunk
sight, even though he act involves wholesale murder, How the submarine, travelling under water or awash, is to notion any distinction between armed and unarmed vessels only the Germans can know
BATTLE OF LOOS.
SIR A CONAN DOYLE'S DESCRIPTION:
Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, speaking at His Majesty a Theatre recently, said the second battle of Ypres was in many ways the most dramatic battle in the whole of British military history.
Sir Arthur's graphic account of the battle of Loog made clear much that has hitherto been dark in this innorable attack of September last. It was, said Bir Arthur, by far the greatest battle over fought in British history, for no fewer than twelve divisions of infantry wore engaged reaghly 150.000 men. On this occasion we used gas for the first time. It was not the deadly gas of the Geruger, but merely a narcotic,
V
In the advance, brigades were hold up by barbed wire which had not been destroy ed by our bombardment, and this led Sir Arthur to suggest that some device should be adopted for cutting the wire before our troops left their trenches to go forward. This disastrous regult had occurred so fres quently in this war that anything which could be devised to prevent it would be extraordinarily valuable.
QUESTION OF RESERVES,
In what respect does this threat differ from the one which was issued a little over your age, signed by Admiral von Pohl, Chief of the Admiralty War Steff and afterwards Commander-in-Chief of the High The question of reserves at the battle was Sea Ficet, who has recently gone hence, a very difficult one, and one which would where the diclibes of humanity are super-perplex historians for a long time. They
It WAS then warseded by other laws
consisted of the 24th and 21 Divisions, two announced
very fine divisions of the New Army, and on the morning of the first day of tho battle they were five or six Les behind We had it on the the British trenchcs authority of Lord French that at nine o'clock in the morning he landed them over to General Haig, who in turn banded the over to the commander of the Eleventh Corps, Goneral Haking,
Every hostile merchant ship in these British waters will be destroyed, even if it is not possible to avoid thereby dangers which threaten the crows and passengers.
Hort Patti conjured his heart.rs not to be inluenced by all the twaddle?' about an honourable pesco which volne, are rais
GERMANY'S LOSSES IN 1915. ing hore and there in France and England.
That was the programme of 1915, and it Should Austria begin to speak of peace
was defeated by the splendid resource of· conditions it would be construed by her the late Board of Admiralty and the mag engines as an evidence of weaknessWonificent audacity and courage of the Navy. desire peace," exclaimed the Privy Coun. We can only guess the number of sub- cillor an honourable peace, but it is apt marines which are lying at the bottom of yes time to speak of our wishes
the sea, their dend crews imprisoned in steel caskets of death. It may be thirty, Forty, or perhaps more Does that seem a rather terrible, and even pathetic, record? It would not seem so to the higher command of Germany, which sends thousands of men en masse to face the deadly artillery, and be mowed down. The same principle of callous indifference applies in the Marine amt. But it would not throw away lives
* If peace is to be lasting and real it must be a peace dictated by us with the sword in our hand, and, in order that this determination shall enter deeper into the soul of the nation, it is the imperious duty of German and Austrian writers and jour nalista to bestir themselves. The people must be instructed that the fearful Econo mic burdens caused by the way must not
in a now and widely-advertised campaign unless there were hopes of defeating the British measures which have hitherto provod to successful.
be urged as a reason for urging the cand the roasure represented by the vasels clusion of a peace. Peace concluded on such a basis would not be a secure or Inst
ng peace, Our Press must occupy itself with the daily tack of steeling the, hearts of the people to hold out, to endure this mons trous sacrifice to the bitter endIt was: Goethe who said, Thou must rule and win or serve and lose, either suffer or taiumph, be either anvil or hummer,”
DEARER STILL IN VIENNA,
In warfaro things did not go by clock- work; there were very many delicate links! in the chain, ay us of which might go wrong. What went wrong on this occasion cortein was that these troops, which ween could not be said. But what was quite badly wanted, did not get to the battlefield until late. Not a man of them find ston a hot fired in anger, nor a trenck oxcept in England, but when they got into action they acquitted themselves remarkably well, and in me cases with extraordinary heroism, Some very cruel and unjust accounts got about in London concerning the behaviour of the 91st Division. It was said that they had been broken. Whet really happened was that they had broken a very dangerous counter-attack of the Germans which might have got through our Army, and that, in breaking it they had themselves been broken, A
9,000 BOMBS IN TWO HOURS.
A very remarkable aution took place on October 8th, when the Germans made a to great counter-attack and endeavoured retake the ground they had lost. In two hours the bomb parties of tho Guards dis- charged 9,000 bombs. The partive only com
It us to assumed that the Germans. have new craft-vessels which have more puterful gums, and probably more torpedo. tube, higher speed, and a greater radius. of action. Indeed, these boats exist, and ive been seen by neutrals in the Baltic. In spite of every effort mado by the Au
There is nothing surprising in the deve trian Government, the prices of food con-lo ment of the submarine oruiser or moni tings to rise. Bome little impression was ter. It was forexen years ago. The Ger-prised 100 men from each battalion, and made for a week or two by the introduces are merely carrying into effect idene tan of maximum prices, but dealers oth which were canya sed in naval circles long
wholesale and rund, have found methods for circumventing oficial regulations, and prices continue to mount steadily.
brore the way opened
SUBMARINES OF 100 YEARS 100.
this gave some idea of the extreme vigour of the attack. The whole thing woe e tirely subterranons and very deadly, "be cause the combatants were close to sach
No doubt there was discontent that no better result had been achieved by so great
The not result of the battle of Los was If people in this country are not to be
that wo captured: 25 guns and 40 wachine- depressed they must get away from tåre
guns and about 3,000 prisoners. Very thought that he submarine is a new Vikely the Geringng mede as many pri- of ship of small size which the Germans,
wners as we did. We gained also a strip. and the Germans only, know how to build
of line 7.000 yards long and 4,000 yards and use, Nelson, Keith, Barham, Sidney deep, Smith, and other admirals of the Napo.conie ware were familiar with a crude form of submarine, which the American engineer, Fulton brought to this country. He de stroyed a pontoon with one of his vessala, A Northern ship, the House onic, was sunk off Charlestown by one of the Confederates' submarines. All that has happened in the manime is that the submarine has deve taped; it is still developing, and no one or put period to its evolution, The triumphs of physical science have made almost anything possible.
The weekly market reports of the Vienen Arbeiter Zeitung throw light on the state of affairs, The croyd, which gather in front of the market halls waiting for the doors to open are as large as ever. Their wild first preliminary rushes round to dis cover cheap fragments are as painful sights as can be witnessed in any civilised land.
Prices of meat rise without ceasing. The commonest cuts of beef are now 2 41, a pound, better cuts 2s 10d., and still choicer morsels 3s id, a pound, Veal is 23, a pound, and better outs are quoted at 3, 20 With regard to park, conditions are still more serious. Fork is present in the mar«. kets only in limited quantities, and the manipulations of the dealers drive the prices to staggering heights." Half a crown por pound is quite an ordinary price to pay Cured pork is sold at 2%." ód, a
A friend has sout me a copy of the pond to 2 11d. The Arbeiter Zeitung Engineer of February 14th, 1913, in remarks on the growing tendency of the effort was de convisage the purchasers to entisfy themselves with lung, liver and ether internal organs. The result is that these parts have also mounted in the heights, For lung and liver 18, 9d. is
future of underwater craft. It was then stated, as every one who had watched the course of naval events ngered that the stress of conflict will be with German de
an effort, Nuse the lem, if we cast our minds back two years, and rourenberod with what we and respect we looked upon the invincible Russian army which had never: been beaten in a single action throughout three great wars, and if we then considered that in spite of barbed wire and aël kinds of defences a British Army, consisting half. of vamped-up troops, had swept through their lines and taken guns and prisoners he thought we must be very exacting if we decided that our men had dess any thing but very well indeed at the battle of Loos. Man
I do not think," said Sir Arthur. that the valour of the British soldier lug ever been more conspicuous and has shone out qually brightly in the old. Arvy, the
quite, a common price Encan is a matter atrovers and submarines; and it is on Territorials and the new Army,
of much dispute The market inspectors recognise ten different qualities of bacon, each of which has its price. Nobody knows the difference between one quality and the other and loud and bitter wrangling beard on all sides between customers and dealers, the customers asserting that cer air coveted cuts belong to an inferior cate gory, the dealers that they belong to a higher. There is no sign that the present staggering heights will not be followel by heights compared with which the pre- sent are but as ant-bills.
IN DAPKESI BIPASSBURG,
German newspapers cannot hear enough about the darkness of London and the ter- rors of it citigons as they silently glide from one gloomy street to another. From the Taglake Rundschau we hear tha the citizens of Strasburg are passing their evenings and nights in a darkness which Cimmerian compared with ours
From cellors and atting id forgotten lanterns, in use in the time of our great grandfathore, have been fetched in order to guide the barghers of Strassburg through their pitch-dark street. When night ap proaches electr city and gas are turned off. The windows in all houses are like gorrow ing widows behind their black veiling Oly here and there in a shop is a thin slit of light which betrays the presence of life and men. It is so dark that you can not distinguish the street from the footpath
You see in shadowy outline the figures of sentinels on the bridges, the sheen of a onyone, the glisten of a military button Figures of men loon up suddenly before you gigantic, monstrans and ghostly Strong bodies of pobos are about in order that silent and merciful right may not har
our in its bosom the criminal and the wrong-door When the theatres close there is a ripple of life in the streets. Men and women hurry about with their pale lanterns le which candle ends burn, little glow worms bobbing about in the dark as they hobbed shout in the old days three hun dred years ago," Dealy Chronicle,
when they have dous their work by placing the enemy's first-class battleships hors de combat, tha the Dreadnoughts will be call.
upon to sally forth and assert the domi ion of the sess. So far, if that was Germany e ambition it has been frustrated and the submarines have been, therefore, turned against commerce. Now a new campaign is to be inaugurated.
GERMANY'S HESQUECES....
warred in time for organising a scheme of defence and of attack but there is no time to wait, and it is necessary to take measures at once.
That anticipation as to the middle of 1918" is probably wrong. The announco ment of Germany's new campaign suggests shab the new craft have been built, and are now ready for service,
SUBMARINES OF 2,000 TONS OR MORE.-
Wa must be prepared for surprises Writing towards the close of last year su article for the Military Historian and In a volume entitled "Dreadnought v. Economist published by Hugh Rees Submarine, which M. Olivier · Qui (Ltd.) in January-Rear-Admiral Degouyhéneus has sent me from Paris, he remarks remarked that as long ago as May, 1914, the French It will not do, however, to fall into an Press recorded that a submarine of 2,000 irrational optimism; do not let us imagine tans displacement and twenty-soven knota that there difficulties (connected, with en-speed was about to bo commenced at Cher gines and other details, which the writer bourg. There is no limit to the size of sub- discussed) are insurmountable. As to what wersible ships which are intended to oper relates to the construction of internal com- ate in deep waters, such as the Mediter- bustion motors (mora or less on the lines ranean and the Atlantic. They may be pro- of Diesel's) there are in Germany fairly pelled by internal combustion engines, or, large number of firms capable of producing BA is now proposed in the United States, by them rapidly and wall, so that all hulle so steam They may be given big guns even up on the stocks could be supplied without up to short 12-inch weapons, as M. Qui- excesive delay. I mean, first, the great honour sugges factories of Nurenberg and Augsburg, mare er less converted to this purpose, the first named for the production of two-cycle Die sels; the latter for four-cycle Diesels. Then there is the Germania yard and factory at Kiel (an offshoot of Krupp's), and Deutz et Cologne, and the Koertings at Hannover, and also the Maschinen Fabrik of Colite, and the Allgemein Elektricitat Gesellschaft
Whatever the Admiralty has provided in of Berlin. In any event, the German Ad- miralty has already taken steps to order the way of new craft to theet the new motors from we'l-known Issories in Zurich, danger, the antion may be sure the Fleet Copenhagen, and Stockholm, and perhaps will use with good effect. Naval officers and why not even in the United Sistes, and men in facing the threatened campaign Whatever the facte, I do not believe that of murder and piracy may well be encour a suficient number of large submarines, aged by what they have already been able strongly self-supporting, is to be expected to achieve, with the result that we, who from the Germans before some months live ashore, are still obtaining ful say, before the middle of 1918 at the earli-rsions," and have been able to equip our-
Whoever is threatened, therefore, is elves as a great military Power
est
There are no greater errors in war than these due to lack of imagination and fore wight. War is a context of skill in the com raction of ships as well as in their use We may not consider large submarizes ceeding 2,000 ton necessary for our own purposes, but we must be prepared with emitable offensive and defensive measures when they appear under the enemy's flag.
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