GERMAN TRADE.
NEED FOR MODERNISING OUR INDUSTRIES,
[BY" AN ECONOMIST."]
The people who wish to capture Ger- many'e trado may be roughly divided into two classes: business men and others. Tho others may be desirous of acquiring tiermany's trade in order to punish that country for its aggression, Busines men, however, wish to get hold of the German trade chiefly in order to benefit themselves. To every business man it is clear that he cannot acquire his competitor's business by methods of destruction. The war may do
LONDON IN WARTIME.
SERIOUS BUT SMILING.
[BY LADY MURRAY.]
THR HONGKUNG, DAILY PRESS. FRIDAY, JANUARY 28TH, 1916.
London is always the heart of the Empin; but never more so than in these stupendous times.
To those of us who live in the north, and whose work these days lies far away from the great norve centre, an occasional visit to London for a week or two re cords a new impression each time, but with the same result: a recharging of all the mental batteries, a refilling of the springs of energy for the doing and the giving unto the uttermost.
Early last November was nyrst visit The whole
FORD'S ARK.
AN OPEN LETTER TO ITS OWNER.
21
[SPECIAL TO THE ADVOCATE."]
Dear Mr. Ford, When
men
hayd
gathered money and want a little excite ment for their long leisure hours they amuse themselves in various ways in their retirement. Some choose golf, others risk their lives with a nice white yacht; some
particularly daredevil constitution 89 in for big-game shooting, and those of drive a cheap American motor-car, a form of amusement which has all the risks of Bab tiger hunting without its expense, you have discovered an oven fines hobby
2
CENTRAL EUROPE AS ONE STATE.
AN AUSTRIAN'S VIEWS ON UNION WITH GERMANY.
the most serious damage to Germany's atmosphere was most impressive and for a dollar king with superfluous cash of specialists, and as they succumb one by
to London since the war..
trade, and it may possibly ruin enormous inspiring. Every man and woman of industries partly by loss of markets, part one's acquaintance was doing or wishing ly by the inability of German manufacto do something useful, “ turers to obtain the raw materials, and
Londen is essentially in normal times chiefly by the effect of a defcet. If Ger- many should be defeated, she would not a world of many words. For this reason it is exhausting to those who jaefer a only lose large portions of territory in the west and cast, containing onal-fields and quiet or country life. One passes into a different world in almost every house one iron mines but she might be muleted in
enters. There is the political world, the It is an enormeus monetary indemnity.
social, the sporting, the musical. the only fair that, she should make good the literary, the artistic, the dramatic, and
losses sho has caused..
-
You go
He re
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In the Berliner Tageblatt Herr Engel- bert Pornerstorfer, the Vice-President of the Austrian Chamber of Deputies, dis cusses the matter of a Central Europe which would be one State. He says
The movement. towards an economic appreacheming between Austria and Ger- many began at the end of the seventies, mooted was rejected-greatly to the de triment of Austria. Instead of stepping but the Customs Union which was then
side by side with Germany Into the front rank of the world's trade Austria's de velopment has bon qualitatively and quan titatively moderate. A great many of her factories are mere scrap-iron, in the opinion one the workmen migrate to Germany to one better in your sport than obtain higher wages there".
The present war, with the close mili- kings themselves, for you seek to beard those monateks in their respective densary union of the two nations, bound up as they are in one common fate, has and unmake the war that they have made. brought to the fore the idea of a closer No yellow-faced neurasthenic Chicago mit economic union again. But Herr Porner lionaire over devised anything so hand-storfer asks whether this is the policy of somely sensational, Freak dinners-din-the other nations who would form a part sers on horseback, dinners in bathing co of this State of Central Europe--especially tumes, dinners in swimming baths, the Austro-Hungarian people. mond garter dinners and all the rest of the cognises (says the Manchester Gulian) between these a host of minor worlda
ingealus dodges for extracting another the enormous advantages which would that matter to no ang outside them and are the univers to themselves. You may thrill from your mountainous dollar hoops accrue, but he says that it must not be pass through half a dozen of these worlds you have left behind, bequeathed as a part-imagined that the nationality question has in a day, and the perpetual readjustmenting legacy to the back-numbers of Broad been settled in Austria-Hungary
way, and the antediluvians of Coney nations who have been so united in this of the mind and sympathies is exhausting
war will not continue so in times of peace. But now at this is changed; there is Island. You are out for the biggest son- only one world in London, Consequently sation of all you are out to make history Herr Naumann (a member of the Reich- the mind rang in harmony with all the and to cut a dash in the nonals of the early stag) suggested in a hook he wrote on the other minds, thoughts come from the twentieth century as a lesson to posterity, subject that, in order to win over the same source and flow to the same bourn as a monumental figure comparable with other nation to their policy, they must TJISONDARI
with and whether you talk with a crossing the great men of All Time with a capital bear the other nationalities along sweeper, a bus conductor, a taxi-driver, aA and a capital, T. In the language of them in their arms. But according to shopkeeper, a Cabinet Minister, or a
your own happy land, it is a lead-pipe Herr Fernerstorfer he has reckoned with KARIMOEN.... Royalty it is one and the same.
cinch, sir. Your name is made, and if not out the Magyars.
Herr Perterstafer underlines thickly all in precisely that sense in which you have no doubt hoped, what matter when endur-the dificulties Herr Naumann had for
game of any kind is yours? You can seen and discussed. He thinks time will afford to contemn the scoffing of the vulgar, the after the war to reckon with those for,a fter all, you have the dollars, haven't scruples, but he agrees with Herr Nan- ARAKANG.
And as the ancient proverb ofmann that "a union with Germany is not. you Mammon hath it he laughs loudest who only a mural obligation on Austria-Hun- has the most dollars. And so we watch gary's part but an urgent newssity for, ber you steering your Ark of Peace across the self-preservation." broad-bosomed Atlantic. I see you, in a symbol standing in the bows of your ves One went away from London in Novem-sol scanning the horizon for the first pale. ber electrified by the great battery of beams of that great, Day of Peace which, human nature at its best, having laid the we believe, is some time to dawn upon the finger for a moment on the pulse of a world; while six reporters take down your mighty Empire, and found the beat descriptive remarks upon this event, the steady and alert; one's own puise beat two and twenty cinematograph operators
The Franco-German war cost Germany £00,000,000 in actual expenditure, but she extorted from France by means of a na tional indemnity and other payments in cash and kind about £250,000,000. If the Allies should gais a complete victory they
demand may well
Germany from £3,000,000,000 or more, and during decales that country would have to pay for the felly of its rulers. In addition to paying for the destruction wrought by the war, Germany would have to find the many for the indemnity imposed for the Allies would no doubt obtain valuable security in the shape of harbours, coalfield, etc., is no longer a hybrid collecton of atoms; and they would not relinquish that it has become one vast unit. No longer serurity until the fine imposed on Gerin leisured society are the questions asked msay was paid in full.
of the latest play or book, the gossip of the moment, the newest scandal. The one thing asked of every one What are the working at?" or "What are they doing? The answer is invariably the same, though the channels of war work are diverse.
THE CRIPPLING OF GERMANY,
The money demanded could be raised only by an enormous increase in taxation, and the weight of taxation, in addition to the lose of markets and raw materials, might well cripple the German industries for decades.
Broadly speaking, it may be said that the defeated nations will lose a vast amount of trade, but the trade lost need mot necessarily go to the victor. The vit tor can destroy the trade of the defesud nation, but he cannot compel the other
nations to replace the German goods which they formerly bought by English goods,
VARYING IMPRESSIONS.
Londom
the quicker and the better for the con-
toot.
4
The
The Austrinu patriot in him points with satisfaction to the unity of all the Austrian nationalities in this war, but the cooler critic sees only a necessity in The Austrian nationalities this maion could only exist if they were united. Their very existence demands this unity, which is far from being harmony of life. Yet his final view of the scheme is that:
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English manufacturers are willing to take ribly long casualty lists began then, after the murderers of women and babies. I go tarily attach itself to the union is order WELDING AND GETTING OF METALS BY OXY-ACETYLENB
England, with its small area, its enor uous ses coast, and its coal mines, which Lie close to the sea, is ideally situated for manufacturing and the export trade Bhe bas, therefore, a most excellent charion to replace Germany as a producer of manu- factured goods provided she is willing and able to right the
That can be done only right price trouble to acquire now brode that is offered, and if they are sup- ported by the English workers. United States, France, Belgium, Italy Bweden, Norway, Japan, and many other countries are exactly as eager to capture the German trade as are Englishmen. Preferential arrangements, therefore, will not suffice to acquire it.
the
The
Then came the impression of March. Outwardly it was very much the same. The streets full of khaki, and much martial music added thereto, which was distinct gain. Talk ran still on exactly the same lines, ranging from deeper hate of the Prussians and hate of the and, slaves to all the varying મ
and the data of victory. The first ter Neure Chapelle, and London grew visibly more and more serious. The hospitals grew fuller and fuller, and more people began to realise the end was yet far out of sight; still everywhere in the outer public was the feeling that the carly summer would see the back of German the sons and resistance broken, and daughters of London went on their way, serious but still more or less smiling.
In the old days it was always thrown Unfortunately, Englishmen have become in our faces that as a nation we take very conservative. They are not very will-cur pleasures sadly. Possibly now the ing to learn and to adapt themselves. reverse is equally true, that we take our Besides, they have allowed themselves to troublea lightly. It leg a fault than fall behindhand in scientific and efficient the other; the man who shoulders his production,
The current issue of the trouble with a cloudy face trebles it for Nineteenth Century and After contains & himself and others, while he who smiles very interesting artiale, Britain's War beneath his burden halves it. Finance and Economic Future," and in it of British and American industrial pro- will be found & most instructive analysis ductivity which is based on the censuses of production of those two countries,
BRITISH V. AMERICAN PRODUCTION,
From the remarkable figuros given it appears that, measured by wholesale prices, which are approximately equally high in England and America, the Ameri- can workers produce per head in most com- parable industries fairly exactly three times as much as their British colleagues engaged in the identical trades. How do they do it They do not work harder. On the contrary, the American workers work shorter hours than the English.
They succeed in producing three times as much, as is shown in that article, because in the trades enumerated the Ame: rigan manufacturers employ three times as much borse-power pez thousand workers as do the corresponding British industries, The author is of opinion that the British industres are no longer up to date, that they must be Americanised, that better and more machinery is wanted.
WHERE WE FAIL,
.
Two and a half months pass, and it is North a great change is apparent. The June in London, To the comer from, the country is awake and roused at last, and here in the great heart the ebb and flow is sten and felt ou overy side.
"take" your gesticulations and the eight
It has rich life, a deep background. and forty vegetarians and non-smokers chew gum and marmur gentle applause, and a wide perspective. It exalts and I see you landing in Germany (by special encourages us. Let us be grateful to its facilitation of the Allied Powers who no creator for it. For this Central Europe doubt will meet you half way across with would place an indestructible dam in the a cruiser), received with rapture by those path of Russia and enable all the civilised especial friends of yours the esters of maticas, in the European sense, to obtain sauerkraut and drinkers of the beer known clear outlook to the west, which, when as lager, the "strafers" of England and it has once come to its senses, must volun- you (again surrounded by reporters and to preserve this uniform civilisation of movie-machines-this time the whole bat Europe in flir power and greatness tery for fear of failure) interviewing the Kaiser with the woll-bred ease which is the especial birthright of all American million. aires. I see you suggesting terms which his Imperial Germanio Majesty accepts with the utmost readiness, I see you at the head of a triumphal procession through the Brandenburger Thor with the Kaiser
A story of German inhumanity is con smiling and happy, at your right hand, the Emperor of Austria on your left, and the tained in a letter from a Devonshire lad, dove of peace (I had almost said pigeon), now an apprentice on the steamer Lady perched on your roble head, while allyouth, sent from Palermo, The day around your friends the sausage-absorbers after leaving Gibraltar, he refers to the acclaim their deliverer. I see you leave sighting of a lifeboat. Subsequently they Germany's shores with the hereditary title aw picce of a raft with Calvados, BL. of Baron von und zn Friedenshoffe and the Nazaire on it They became suspicious,
anything did happen.. ice of Königliche-Kaiserliche Haupt- and lowered the boats all ready in case grateful and generous emperor in recog automobilgeheirat conferred upon you by nition of your incomparable efforts.
THE GENTLE GERMAN.
BRUTALITY TO FRENCH SOLDIERS
ON A RAFT,
About two hours afterwards, to their horear, they saw several dead bodies
What do you think it was?" asks the writer. A raft with 43 ans 44 men dinging on for their lives. They had been in this position for abont so hous
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floating in the water, and then they saw I see you set sail for England; you land a man clinging to a hatchboard. So they at Dover with your reporters, picture lowered a boat and rescued bim. Then Datwardly it is much quieter, the makers and rubber-neck freaks. I soe, they came near the object they were mak
But strango, at this point the glory of ing for. streets much emptier, far fewer motor- besee, fewer carriages and private the vision seems to fade. Can it be that fewer men (except those in khaki), the
you are ignominiously turned back from Park is full of wounded soldiers, and every where women are rallying to do the the shores of Albion with hot words burn absent man's work. Women in the staing in your ear1 The laughter you can without food or water, and most of the tions as porters and ticket clerks and bear-you have the golden salve but what stark naked. This raft was only a small electore, and telegraphists; women at balm is there for wounded vanity What one, and when the ship was torpedoed 120 the doors of the great shops, and working can compensate for pitiful failure? Can men had got on the raft and it capsized the lifts, whilst many private motors are it he that you are rejected not merely be five times Every time so many were driven by women, If the Berliners could cause you are funpy, not merely beanse you drowned, until only these remained, and see the streets of London to-day they come at the wrong time, not merely because they were in such a pitiful condition would realise that Great Britain is in as you come with so comic an assortment of that if any seg had been running they deadly earnest over this was as is Ger- companions, not even because you tried to would all have been drowned. It was e We don't do things here cripple the Anglo-French loan in America, French troopship. The soldiers had been many herself. in the game way as other nations, but but because neither you nor any American fighting in Belgium for 15 months and we do them in our own way, let our ene however amusing or however serious, will were going back from Marseilles to Oran suits remember that.
We don't ask even our friends, and over be permisted to inaugurate peace for holiday got them on board moet TOURE arsiged to ALL PARTS of the WORLD, Allies to understand us-way should we negotiations on the Allies aide while the
righteous indignation of the people of Bri. them bleeding and scratched, they told when wo hardly understand ourselves
For instance, the submarine came close fiercely against the tyranny of your friend to the raft which the 120 men were on, certainly often not each other but we do tais, France, Russia and Italy burns us their experiences. It made us cry. over the water? Can it furthermore, be
and when it capsized the Germans laughed ask them to believe in us and to trust us.
that even the humours of Ford's ark can
and kept going round them. Another never quite wash away the memory of terrible tale is of two men who swam to Amerion's neglect to enter her pretest the submarine and clung to it, but the agens the horror of Belgium, her failure Germans kicked them, and one of them let go and fell in the water and was drowned.
The other would not let go, and one of him. Then, when we got under way again 8.8. and we had given the men food and dry. clothes, va came across another raft, and on this we found nine men. So we now had saved 55, and it was a good job we had plenty of stores on board to feed them,
Formerly practically all the highest grade manufactures were produced by
THE SERIOUS NOTE. Groat Britain. Nowadays many of the
Londos today is rather like a man with highest grade-manufactures sold in Great Britain come from America and Germany. a liver attack, who has suddenly dis From America we receive typewriting covered his liver is not working quite as machines, phonographs, piano-players, it should, and is impatient with the to lend even the faint countenance of her motor-cars, sowing machines, photographic doctors for not applying quicker remedies moral support to those countries who, fight other So it is a little jaundiced, a little irri-ing the battle of freedom, were fighting the manufactures of the highest grade, Germany used to send us the finest optical Once the remedies (and they are being no less than their own 1-I am Yours very goods, chemical goods, electrical wares,
plentifully applied by clever heads and faithfully,
a
of
apparatus revolvere, and many while table, and its nerves a little strung up. battle of the people of the United States the officera drew his revolver and what
etc. The time when England produced goods of the highest grade and America and Germany shoddy is past.
begin to take effect, London will
be very much the better for the attack, for to-day she represents the Empire more than ever, and in her are centred all the norve tissues and fibres of the nation.
The war is likely to be fatal to the trade of the defeated, but the trade of the defeat
Though to day she is serious to gloomy, ed will not fall to the vietor on the field of battle, but to the victor in the industrial it is not depressing to listen for a few field International and inter-Imperial moments to her heart beat. She is sound preferential arrangements will, no doubt, sound to the core, the pulse is strong and serve as a valuable stimulus. They will steady-slower perhaps, with the attri- tion of many months of sorrow and sus- greatly benefit British traders for a time,
these preferential arrangements will pense and hard work that is everywhere father hurtful than beneficial if they this world of war but it is the serio induce British manufacturers to continue gloom of endurance and dogged determinas- in the old rut, and if their workers con- tion, not that of despair or flagging; it tinue their policy antagonistic to inten-is the startled look of life, not fear, in sive production. Wealth, after all, is her eyes that vitalises those who can go the difference between production and con- and look into them.
HA CON Another truth that comes home more sumption. A nation can become rich only by producing much, and herein lies the reason that the American people are so prosperous notwithstanding their great extravagance-Pall Mall Gazette.
AN ENOLISHMAN,
the tremendous nature of this war, and all we are up against.
This has taken fourteen months to filter. through to the soul of this country, but, thank God, it has, now and London, as the heart and brain, is the reflex of the whote,
Those who do their country's work (in whatever branch or capacity) most help fully at this moment are those who, fully mindful of the extreme gravity of the situation, and the issues of life and death that are at alake, yet go about determined but not downcset, impressed but not de pressed, serious but smiling.
in London then elsewhere is that it is not In couage keep your heart
the situation that has changed, but the
In strength lift up your hand,"
200 TONS OF GOLD.
AMERICANS MELT DOWN 20,000,000 SOVEREIGNS.
The Treasury Department, U.8.A., is en- million English sovereigns which have zaged in melting down a block of twenty been accumulating as the result of British payments for many months past.
The block according to an American
and weis 00 tona.
view of it; the many now realise what I and a visit to London is helpful to this statisticia, muures oft, by eft, by the fow knew in August of last year, viz. end,Daily Chronicis.
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