THE SOCIAL SITUATION AFTER THE WAR.
PROBLEMS TO BE FACED.
THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, MONDAY, JANUARY 101, 1816,
SHELLING OF DEDE-AGATCH
"OFFICER'S VIVID NARRATIVE.
TRAFALGAR DAY FIREWORKS.
The following account of the bombard- test of Dede-Agatch, the principal Bul-
SUBMARINES IN THE BALTIC,
MANY GERMAN LOSSES CONCEALED
LOOKING ONWARD,
AN APPEAL BY NOBEL PRIZE-WINNER,
The Nobel Prize for Literature was this year awarded to M. Romain Rolland,
the distinguished French writer, who so
quote the following from an appeal which ho published some months ago. In mak- ing the translation the Cambridge Maga- zine describes it as probably the most striking pronouncement on the great issues involved that has appeared since the war:...........
tho
of war is stronger than our old refrain of the herd that makes a god
Great Britain's submarino challenge iu Speaking at the London School of
the Battie has taken far greater dimon Economics on "The social situation at the close of the war," Mr. J. A. Hobson
sions than the public of the countries inter said this was a moment of supremo chai- Barian port, on Trafalgar Day, is confested are aware of. The reason is that Ger powerfully denounced the rape of Bol-
many is concealing the loss of all ships lengo for economists and Socialists, for tained in a private letter from an officer whose crews get ashore into German ports, gium. It may therefore be interesting to
guns in one
Some crews have got ashore in Finland, as the war moved towards its inevitable who was "spotting" for the
of the British ships.
where they have been interned. Only when close all who could in any measure dis-:
Orders came suddenly-the Captain and the erews land in Sweden or Denmark is engage their minds-from-the clutch of I in the middle of a game of picquet, and the loss at once known. Steamers arriving Immediate events found themselves im- the exigencies of the service made me in Stockholm from the Sodra Qwarken, be
sacrifice a band containing fourteen aces!tween the Aland Islands and the coast of pelled to form some sort of image of the He dashed off to see the Vice-Admiral at Uppland, nearly all report having been state of affairs that would follow. 10 p.m., just after wo had begun to get stopped or signalled to by submarines. The busy repairing our enginesa many Swedish steamer Hage reports that in the Though it might take some months in re-weeks jeb At 1.30 he was back-the re- Sodra Qwarken and north in the Gulf of
WE ARE ALL TO BLAME."' storing to the country those engaged on pairera shoved over the side and our
Bathnin it saw six boats, foreign service, the pace at which soldiers squadron (a blister, three munitors,
"The rulers who are the criminalau The crew of this steamer, which was would How back into industry would seaplane ship, four destroyers, and six have no regulating relation to the pace at trawlers) was signalled to join us from bound for Hull with timber to an adven-there of these wars will not accept the which that labour could be smoothly re-a variety of places as the Vice-Admiral turons story. They also report that the responsibility for them they dare not. Each one by underhand means speks to absorbed. Much would, of course, depend had long got tired of keeping them on a captain was detained for an hour inside a upon the degree of international security string at Mudros
submarine. Another captain reports an in-day the blame at the door of his adver
sary. The peoples who obey them sub- btained by the peace. It might be neces All our boats were at the booms, to the cident witnessed in the south of the Baltic, sary to keep large furos in being for night was noisy with hoistings and bugles. The location he gave me, but it is inadvis missively resign themselves with the thought that a power higher than man- some time to come. In that event a con- The "turn out," which ordinarily makes able to mention it, says the Stockholm cor siderable fraction of the two millions hideous the morn at 6 am (when I pack respondent of the Exchange Telegraph Co, kind has ordered it thus. Again, the
venerable refrain is heard!'' up and carry my sleeping bag below); A small German cruiser, disguised as a
fatality might not claim an immediate discharge,
Again, it was held by some that con-aroused a pleased ship's company at merchant ship, attacked a British sub siderable numbers might emigrate instead 11.30 p.m. At 4.30 am, we were under of returning to the unadventurous routine way, and by noon had picked up our mis-marine which had raised the British nafa But on the cellaneous crowd of heavy-weights and flag, and had signalled to the supposed of industry or commerce. whole it was safe to suppose that the bantams and were standing up to begin. tramp steamer to heave to The submarine great majority of the two millions who The captain's cabin had been turned into fired a torpedo which missed, whereupon an operating theatre, fall of horrible the German cruiser, firing from small guns, had enlisted for the period of the war would toas no time in claiming their dislocking instruments, and 1 felt most out attempted to rom. Owing to the heavy hurried lunch on a bare sens the Gierman gunfire missed or failed charge and seeking to return to their of place eating
table in a corner. Then, arrayed in my. to de serious injury, and the submarine, former occupations.
thickest clothes, with a leather waist-which had a narrow escape, gat away. THE RESERVE OF LABOUR POWER.
coat and my trousers tucked into my. Would they find that occupation ready socks, and with glasses and megaphone Some trades would slung round my neck. I went up to the to receive them? have shrank; others would have swollen;re top-mast truck to spot for the guns. nut a few would have been transfornied in objects and methods of work during
At about 1.15, or so, we loosed off at the war. It was, therefore, certain that
good deal of temporary unemployment the big barracks to the west of Dede- exist, involving unemployment Agatch, and somewhat anxiously awaited their reply. The intelligence report had And distress if economic events were
llowed to take their anhindered course: given us reason to believe that there One of the remarkable revelations of the would be 600,000 sen and 300 guns, or war had been the magnitude of the re-the greater part of them, against us. Our serve of labour power contained within first shot brought them tearing out of bur nation. The withdrawal of nearly two the barracks, and we eased up a bit and Kt them get clear. Then banged and million men from civil life did not appear battered away at about 2,500 yards, mak to have occasioned any appreciable reduc tion in he output of material goods. It ing enormom holes and snushing in great Unless someone was was likely that the damage done to the areas of walis general fund of labour by the loss of life killed inside the buildings I think we did and limb among male industrial workers not hurt anyone. We were only out for would be largely compensated by the thin-destruction and damage, not slaughter, ming of the overpeopled distributive as the thrifty Bulgar hates his property ades, and by the continued employment being knocked about, but care very little if his neighbour or even himself is laid
of women.
in
For
out.
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of its feebleness and bows down before him. Man bas invented fate, that he of the universe, those disorders which i may make it responsible for the disorders fatality. The only fatality is what we desire; and more often, too, what we do not desire enough. Let each now repeat. his men culpa. The leaders of thought, the Church, the Labour parting did not "PANICKY FEELING."` Swedish merchant sailors who have been desire war. That may be, What then in Germany declare that there is a panicky did they do to prevent it? What are they feeling in the smaller parts, particularly at doing to put an end to it? They are stirring up the bonfire, each one bringing Weichselmunde and Sassnitz, The Geris faggot. The most striking feature in ARAKAN... man port authorities fear submarine raids this monstrous epic, and one without any with the aim of destroying ships at anchor. precedent, is the unanimity for war in Sassnitz has been fortified. The Weichsol- each of the nations engaged. An epide TJISONDARI
unde forts fired is the morning dusk at mic of humicidal fury, which started in one of their own submarines, and wounded Tokyo ten years ago, has spread like a two sailors, The Germans profess to have wave and overflowed the whole world,KARIMOEN An infallible way of protecting against tor- None has escaped its contagion. A fort flict of the nations, from which only a pedoes large merchant vessels, but they of demoniacal irony broods ever this con- admit that this makes the vessels pro 80 slowly, and that there is no chance of get mutilated Europe can issue. For it is uct racial passion alone which is hurling ting out of range of submarine gunfire,
Stockholm and Copenhagen newspapers millions of men blindly against one an continue to publish accounts of the British other, so that not even neutral countries and Russian submarine bases, sometimes all the forces of the spirit, of reason,
remain free of the dangerous thrill, but with details which would probably mislead faith, of piety, and of science, all have the Germans as they are inconsistent placed themselves at the disposal of the often fantastic. A seaman from armies in every State. There is not one and Abo, who is now in Finland affirms amongst the leaders of thought in each four country who does not proclaim with con that British submarines sank ore teamers from Lulea, none of which viction that the cause of his people is the have yet appeared in the casualty lists, as cause of God, the cause of liberty, and of the crews were put ashore in the Aland human progress. And 1, too, proclaim it. Islands.
All observers agree that the British sub- marines are boldly and skilfully handad. Stockholm newspapers bear testimony alan to the fact that the campaign is conducted
of
"THE FAILURE OF THE CHURCHES."' "Come, friends! Let us make a stand! Can we not resist this contagion, what- over its nature and virulence be whether moral epidemic, or cosmie force?
Do
fr had been the stampedo of intellbeing inaccurate and they plugged all and told him that England wants to sink of our country,' he understood? It would
of
PARTICULARLY DIFFICULT PROBLEM,
BAD BLOW TO GERMANY.
This
TJIKEMBANG
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From
Expected Will laro
For
JAVA
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1810.
9th Jan.
SAN FRANCISCO
'JAVA
7th Feb,
11th Feb.
JAYA
9th March. 13th Marah.
do...
T
JAVA
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11th April.
do.
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[94
THE TAIKOO DOCKYARD
AND ENGINEERING CO. OF HONGKONG, LTD. TAIKOO DOCKYARD. HONGKONG. SHIPBUILDERS, SALVORS AND REPAIRERS. BOILERMAKERS BRASS AND IRON FOUNDERS, CONSTRUCTIONAL. ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERS.
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Therefore, so far as the ordinary
After a hit we went for the harbour factors of production were concerned, he saw no reason to consider that business very tricky work, as the bulk of the might not be resumed at its former level caiques which we had orders to shoot at were just beyond a low outer breakwater, as soon as the financial and commercial and, with a trajectory from the ship, the confidence was fairly established. many years after the war capital would last alteration in the elevation of the
gun made a big difference. So I was by relatively scarce, and its price very busy #potting. Breakwater 25 short high. The capacity of labour to main.
Harbour 25 over." "Hit," "Sea 50 ordinary
short tain its standard wages by the
would
Quay 200 over,"All this had
non humane lines, A sailor of the torpedoed bargaining be greatly impaired. Not only would to be bellowed from 18ft. up, in a strong | Jukaune, Nux, who came in a boat to Oxe-we not fight against the plague, and progress of collective
breeze, amid the din of gune. It was labour be abundant while capital was
"some bellow, I can tell you! So, losund, declares that the steamer was for strive even to repair the disaster caused scarce, but the abandonment during the naturally, I have a very gruff voice to pedoed by the E 9, and that the crow by an earthquake? Or must we bow our war of the rules and restrictions by which day. The difficulty was largely settled were extraordinarily polite. The German selves before it, agreeing with Luzzatti disaster, patriotism alone In the past would greatly hamper trade sails on fire, and the flames spread down showing that years back he helped to save triumphs Shall we say with him that bargaining was conducted and supported by the shell burst setting the masts and had a certificate from a British captain in his famous article that In this uni- union action. He believed it was idle wards to the ships.
some lives on the Mexican coast. Fearing it is good and reasonable that the demon The destroyers and monitors draw much ill-treatment, he showed this to a petty of international war, which mows down to pretend that the war would not leave u with a definits enfeeblement of Our less than we do and were able to creep in afficer of the submarine, who clapped him thousands of beings, should be let loose, tellectual and moral personality. One on, the lead-the charts of Dede-Agatch on the back, gave him a handful of cigars, so that the great and simple truth, love
the most depressing revelations of the
manner of things. Fortunately, the populathe ere, not the crew,
seem then, that love of our country can was could work such tion of the town had all gone away,
flourish only through the hatred of other tulism. If the
countries and the massacre of those who and the troops stayed behind up in the hece among our intellectuals, could wo 10 with any confidence to politicians bills, so I don't think anyone was hurt.
Swedish newspapers agree that the sacrifice themselves in the defence of ferocious tve a helpful and hopeful lead to the We killed a sitting engine which tried
sloppage of the ore traffic will be a bad them. There is in this theory non amid the tangle of unprecedented to hide itself behind a bush and a shed,
Lulen, the chief ore absurdity, a Neranian dilettantism which ises that must ariso after the war?
but one which ran away taped all right blow to Germany, Two of the destroyers inspired it to still port, will soon freese up, and this year an repels me in the very depths of my being, greater efforts with a 4" but I don't exceptionally large number of German No Love of my country does not de. ships were faking in me, the aim being to mand that I shall hate and slay those ldiers dumped down again into civil think they really tried to hurt it.
get a sufficient supply before the winter.ble and faithful souls who also love lifwould not bring back habits of con-
"A GORGEOUS FLARE UP,"
All German ships which in future take the their country, but rather that I should tenment, discipline, and deference to It had never been tho ja authority.
When we realized that there was no one Baltic, north and south route have orders honour them and seek to unite myself
with them for our common good, cast for civil society to reabsorb and
to hurt, it just became a bonfire or Tra- to keep within territorial waters,
"You Christians will say and in this: asshilate discharged soldiers. Our prob-falgar Day fireworks it being the 110th moans difficult navigation, owing to the leuwould be particularly difficult, for anniversary. We set, all manner of things indentations and islands all along the coast you seek consolation for having betrayed
Un fire commen
is effective but of Sweden. Enormous numbers of mines your Master's orders that war exalts the men would have beeg nourished not
the virtue of sacrifice. And it is true on the mere name of voluntary service, Tyddite is better; the only things that are now adrift in the Baltic.. Three or but they would have imbibed habits of defined us utterly were haysacks! We four were driven ashore on the same day that war has the privilege of bringing out the genius of the race in the roost indpendnt judgment, individual eri- burned a vast mountain of coal, many ties, and even of cubaved personal railway vans and trucks, ships, and two been seen far up in the Gulf of Bothnia: commonplace of hearts. It purges away, Dockyard Managers, os be seen between the hours of 11 AM, and 12 Noon dignity from that consciousness of the ail stores. But the best blazes
For the present steamer traffic between in its bath of bised, all dross and im it tempera the metal of the soul; The purity; pan they had played in saving the coun-warehouses behind the caique harbour Sweden and Finland has coased.
of a niggardly peasant, of a timorous
BUTTERFIELD & SWIRE. It He saw in such men centres of dis and an immense factory stuffed with mines, the submarines, and the dread of citizen it can make a hero of Valmy. But
HONGKONG, CHINA, AND JAPAN, AGENTS, content, even of politica revolution, if highly inflammable. goods. It was six loa through misunderstandings have is there no better employment for the de-
Telographio Address :-"TATTOO DOCK." storeys, ten windows square, and had caused great nervousness here, and Swe-votion of one people than the devastation o eccomic circumstances and strong class
vernment barred the path of working two annexes, cach of four storeys-one den's Marine War Insurance Commission of another? Can we not sacrifice our- class progress,
six windows dong and one of eight win- In regard to the wider political issue dows jong-and both annexes were double, has raised premiums. The premium on selves without sacrificing our neighbours
Swedish traffic between Swedish ports is as well. that would emerge from the terms of set- With a roaring wind to help us, and no
"YENGRANCE OR JUSTICE? tlement, Mr. Hobson said an inecuclusive fire brigade to spoil the fun it was a unchanged, but the premium on Swedish
When the war is over! The evit is 8. Buttlement would strengthen the forces in most gorgeous flare-up, and the flames ships trading with German ports has been this country which aimed at creating a cast a shadow six sea miles away-nearly doubled from 4 per cent, to 13 per cent. powerful militarist Empire, economically 12 kilometres! The trucks and vang burnt The premium for steamers from the Baltic done now, the torrent let loose and we to Denmark or. Norway has also been cannot force it back into its channel un- self-contained, and walled by Protec merrily, the fire jumping along from one
doubled,
aided. Moreover, crimes have been com tionist tarif. Those political ideas would to another and even eating away up to the ecrtainly have gathered strength during windward, and the storehouses burnt
Reports from the Sound agree that the mitted against right, attacks on the liber. the war, and at its close would strive to solidly and well-section after section Germaan mine field is ineffective, and that ties of peoples and on the sacred treasu- enform themselves permanently upon our catching. They had great glass skylights, the same is true of the Danish field laid aries, of thought, which must and will be expiated. Europe cannot pasa over un- peter they would which were thatfered by the shells, and year ago in the Great Belt. The mines do heeded the violonce done to the noble Bel. national policy. succeed would depend upon the opposing ventilated the fire nicely. The harbour- not keep their anchorage, and often bronkgian people, the devastation of Matines rally of thought is defence of individual master's office must have bad something loose. Newspapers here declare that even and Louvain, sacked by modera Tillya. liberty, popular self-government, and dry inside, as it burnt splendidly. constructive internationalism. The issue The great thing about it was that noin the Great Belt there is no insuperable But in the name of heaven let not these grimes-be-explated by similar crimes. Let not the hideous words vengearco' of this conflict depended upon how far body tried to put the fires out, and, if obstacle to the passage of submarines.
andretaliation be heard; for a great it was feasible to obtain agreement among one got smoky, a shell brightened things
The ship's companies of all the shipsation does not revenge itself; it re-estab with guarantees that carried confidence from a big factory set frres going to gaged enjoyed themselves immenselyhes justice. But let those in whose
ים!
án
were
the Powers for co-operation to secure a up a bit and improved the ventilation, peaceful settlement of future roubles so I don't suppose I shall ever see a finer
ENLARGED FUNCTIONS OF THE STATE,
Blaze than Dede Agatch The sparks
an a few miles of coast. Mines have even
V
hands Hes the execution of justics show themselves worthy of her to the end.
JOHN I THORNYCROFT & CO., LTD.
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THOS. COOK & SON. TOURIST. STEAMSHIP AND FORWARDING AGENTS,
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[26
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CHE OFFICE-LUDGATE CIRCOS, LONDON, EC. Hongkong, 3rd July, 1914.
of
72
We stayed on until after dark, leeward, and these developed well. The
"Our first duty, then, all over the tory, trembles before public opinion and of race, a policy scientifically absurd- Nothing shows, since no country possesses a race wholly Whatever tendency prevailed, one in coal-beap fire, unfortunately, could not enjoying the blazes. The flames from the
or more from the roof, and the fire looked world, is to insist on the formation of a seeks to propitiate it. writable legacy of the war would be a spread to anything, but it blazed and or warehouse must have thot up 800 feet permanent enlargement of the economic glowed in the Sometimes a
shell would not set, a build solid from the basement upwards-stream moral High Court, a tribunal of can this more clearly than the efforts of both pure. Humanity is a symphony of great functions of the State. Though some of
make a hole in the ers 50 or 60ft. long rushing upwards sciences to watch and pass impartial parties engaged in war, of their Minis- collective souls, and he who understands the and loves it only by destroying a part of the encroachments of the Government-in-alight-it arst inside, chawing it Front and from the two annexes, and the nations. And since committees of in- Kaiser himself-turned-journalist; to-those-elements--proves himself a bar
from each of the sixty-windows on the judgment on any violation of the laws of ters, Chancellors, sovereigna, upon liberty and private enterprise and front wall and some of the public control over capital up, or (if a Ivddite) blow the roof off and windows at the west side. The oil store quiry formed by belligerents themselves justify their own crimes, to denounce barian, and labour exerciced during the
war the brick wall out satisfactory, but not burnt during the afternoon- glow and would to always suspect, the neutral the crimes of their adversary at the in-For the finer spirits of Europe there. etty picturesque. The barracks were ia
venture to constitute it. would doubtless be revoked, it was pretty
Ye know not fatherland, and that other city of God. certain that what was understood by several detached sections, and only one son flames, but mostly very black, countries of the old and new world must visible tribunal be seen at last; let us are two dwelling places, our earthly
greasy looking smoke, which rose 1,500ft, take the initiative,
your power. O ye of little faith. If there Of the one we are guests, of the other State Socialism would be found to have of them burned. The Bulvarians had a
"AN APPEAL TO THE NEUTRAL STATES:”-
& risk will you not take it for the the builders. To the one let us give cur made definite and lasting advances in ag Bying over one of the barrack build and clung together for about two miles. ings, and we brought it down in six Unfortunately, it was in a tank in the
"The neutral countries play too modest bonour of humanity? What is the value lives and our faithful hearts; but neither several directions. It could hardly be
ground, so could not spread much. But supposed that the public regulation in shots, together with the building it bad one rallway van had off or fat-in-it-and a tale to the face of unbridled force of life when you have saved it at the price. family, friend, nor fatherland, nor aught that we love hes power over the spirit, posed upon car railways and our finan adorned.
the stuff ran out al blaring a fine sight, they are inclined to believe that opinion of all that is worth living fort
But for us, the artists and poets, which is the light. It is our duty to rise cial machinery, would be simply swept
Some trees got shrivelled by the blaze, is defeated in advance, and the majority away, leaving these highly organised
but most of them were in the residential of thinkers in all countries share their priests and thinkers of a'l countries, re- above tempests, and thrust aside the There is a lack of moral mains another task. Even in time of war clouds which threaten to cbscure it; to public cervices to the unchecked control
part of the town, which I think is safe, pessimism. of private profileers or that the ether
We did not fire at it, and the wind did courage here, as well as of clear thinking. it remains a crime for the finer spirits buid higher and stranger, dominating the great regulative trades would simply
not threaten it. The church was not For just at this time the power of opinion to compromise the integrity of their injustice and hatred of nations, the walls swing back into their, former precarious
hit, although they were reported to have is immense. The most despotic of Gov- thought; it is shameful to see it serving of that city wherein the souls of the conditions
ernments, even though marching to Tic- the passion of a puerile, monstrous policy whole world may assemble. an observation and a wireless-on-it-
PRIVATE PROPERTY RESPECTED, The wind was strong from the north east, so the residential part of the town was in little danger from the fires and we did not shoot at Government House or the Post Office, as they were among private henSCA.